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Definition and technical status of Biorefineries - Biorefinery

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Biomass<br />

Model <strong>of</strong> biobased Flow-chart for Biomass Feedstock<br />

Precursors<br />

Carbohydrates<br />

Starch<br />

Hemicellulose<br />

Cellulose<br />

Lignin<br />

Lipids, Oil<br />

Protein<br />

Platforms<br />

SynGas<br />

Sugar<br />

- Glucose<br />

- Fructose<br />

- Xylose<br />

Lignin<br />

Lipids/Oil<br />

Protein<br />

SynGas<br />

C1<br />

C2<br />

C3<br />

C4<br />

C5<br />

C6<br />

Aromatics<br />

Building<br />

Blocks<br />

direct<br />

Polymers<br />

Methanol<br />

Ethanol<br />

Glycerol<br />

Lactic acid<br />

Propionic<br />

acid<br />

Levulinic<br />

acid<br />

Furfural<br />

Lysine<br />

Gallic acid<br />

Secondary<br />

Chemicals<br />

Carnitine<br />

Intermediates<br />

Ether Fuel additives<br />

….<br />

Solvents<br />

Products/<br />

Uses<br />

Industrial<br />

Olefins Green solvents Transportation<br />

Diacids, Esters<br />

Dilactid<br />

Acrylate<br />

1,3-PDO<br />

Furane<br />

THF<br />

Caprolactam<br />

Phenolics<br />

Chemical<br />

intermediates<br />

Emulsifiers<br />

PLA<br />

Polyacrylate<br />

……<br />

…..<br />

Nylons<br />

Polyurethanes<br />

Resins<br />

Polysaccharides<br />

Textiles<br />

Safe Food Supply<br />

Environment<br />

Communication<br />

Housing<br />

Recreation<br />

Health a. Hygiene<br />

Kamm, B.; Gruber, P.R.; Kamm, M.; <strong>Biorefineries</strong>, Industrial Processes <strong>and</strong> Products, Wiley-VCH, 2006<br />

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