Annual Report

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sub-Saharan Africa 13 PROGRAMME ACTMnTIES During 1994, the SSA Group aimed at improving the organization and 0 Conservation and implementation of activities on plant genetic resources inWest Africa and use of plant germplasm in the in the Southern African Development Community. The Group continued to gernia Southern Africa provide technical and scientific advice to the national programmes, and Development facilitate interactions between partners such as the other IARCs, regional Community research organizations, some NGOs and donors. Activities were intensi- ,) Initiation and fied inthe five IPGRI projects that form the main framework for action in strengthening ofplant genetic resources Sub-Saharan Africa. programmes in ihe (oroip i,I '1l"o imBvddi Selected prolect selected countries in tinber of it'i-ri ,i[ pie.l t LItiLiti' actvities Africa 0 Network for the It participated In ''%eial 'As iiT d iil- study andconserva liative, tuch as tilt etoregionll Atricam Spatial and temporal distributionof tionofCoffea genetic I li;hlid lnitiatiAi, desined to ddr,. forage genetic diversity di wersity inAfrica and ,, ',pecific agricultura l ii,.i tralillt in tle \ (t Ii-ftuLd,d hltdv it th, spatial aid sjuthwestAsia 35Improved o s e o d highlands of East rn a1 (Cntral .\fri, . t'niiporal di tributiOn 01 gIenetic diImvc conservation and use AnotIIertloI prSiA iject \eas th' .- dsLt within thc nui]i rage grass and i It'- of forage and fodder Hope initi,,tilOfh I..\ I( l the. : [.AB, gUlnit' specks in Niger continued, Ihi, species inthe arid and ainled at briniiiig rel'e 't wir-tolil Rw an d a by pro vid in g'eri plii-i i to t el voi k was part of the projet on iiproved semi-arid regionsof Africa co nserv ati (on1 IiLli nd nt s e o f i a o . f 2 Dev e l opme n t a 0 Development of a National I'rogr,ainn arid mu,.lh -1neeitLI der s.,p-c it"s ill .\triil. regional network on planting matetial+ o the ppulftmn. Eightee'n eYTsites,,-, wie t,stablished, plant geneticresources 'File var wa ,l-],,imarked I%tilt sign- 5 LYe, Ilid 1 ,11suillpit , O lit i\t te't ,i) ing, in l)ecember, ot hie 1g'Li1illt with des were colleCted it all these site. I)NA the Kenya ( Vtiivernft t 11C 0 fnlyis,a,11ple , li0op1rtiin tiithe Ibegan at the Ulni - in West Africa of the Regional C)lfic in KsiwU. Illi ',14- versify 0i (Uese1i. A protoCOIWcas (iCeel nificant cerermonvy providLed an identity tii opIUd to perfect the field technique for col the ins;titute in the country and iLure v'I-,- Ilcting leat imaterial for DNA analysis. Thi ibility to the Regiiiill Of lice. priived very sticcesstuLI. 1l0,t material col- Abbreviations - see pp. 105-106
S .. PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA lected in the field is put into plastic tubes half-filled with silica gel; these are stored in a refrigerated bag. The dried leaf material was sent to Giessen, where several primers giving polymorphism had been identified for all test species. Further primers need to be tested for Dactyloctcniou aegyptioun and Cenchriu biflorus. Coffee genetic resources network Throughout the The committee of the African Coffee Re- Sahel, crops are search Network responsible for develop stored on raised ing a plan of action for Ctffa genetic re- platforms to protect sources conservation and use in Africa met them from vermin in Nairobi Under the auspices of the Re- iener F:orman Archive, UK f. •p. "' gional Office in May 1994. A first draft of a project proposal ad dressing priority genetic resources issues was prepared and sub mitted to donors. Tile possibility of beginning to forge links be tween coffee genetic resources workers in Africa and Latin America was pursued, and the 1995 ACRN meeting will include observers from Colombia and 3razil. A crop expert was identified and commissioned to produce a descriptor list for Cof/ia canephora. A PhD candidate was identified to work on a project to develop a comprehensive conservation strategy for wild Coffi'a inMauritius, which could serve as a model for other African countries. The project is based on a variability study of the coffee resources from Mauritius and Reunion. Exploring the possibilityof sun-drying seed in the Sahel In most developing countries, proper seed drying is a major ob stacle in the process of germplasm conservation. Countries in Sahelian Africa are naturally endowed with a climate conducive to natural seed drying. In Niamey, Niger, for example relative humidity can be as low as 15%'during the dry season. However, the temperature can easily reach 40'C. To investigate th' effect on viability of drying seed Under the ambient conditions of low relative humidity and high temperature, an experiment was started in conjunction with GMU. Seed of groundnut, maize and millet was dried in the open air, under direct sun and under shade, at Niamey and compared with the use of adrying room (see also 59). Survey of the effectiveness of targeted germplasm collecting Abbreviations - see pp. 105-106 A literature search was made on the 'Effectiveness of targeted germplasm collecting in the recovery of genotypes, genes and alleles'. Following some preliminary investigations, two species, teff (Ermrostis tc"l and ragi millet (E'usine coracana), were selected as case study crops. A general survey as well as a more focused study using the suggested two crops was carried out. Sources of literature were generally very scanty locally. A search of
Page 1 and 2: Annual Report tGenetic 9.°%v . .
Page 3 and 4: AnnualReport 1994 International Pla
Page 5 and 6: Contents 4 Core Donors 5 Establishm
Page 7 and 8: Establishment Agreement Signatories
Page 9 and 10: The CGIAR is now seen as an importa
Page 11 and 12: W In May 1994 this organizational s
Page 13: 12 Abbreviations - see pp. 105-106
Page 17 and 18: PROGRAMME ACTMTIES - SUB-SAHARAN AF
Page 19 and 20: 18) PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - SUB-SAHA
Page 21 and 22: M.1 Abbreviations -see pp. 105-106
Page 23 and 24: 22 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - WEST ASIA
Page 25 and 26: w~bwk $AA Abbrviaion -e p0-0 r'7~
Page 27 and 28: * Tropical fruits 26 PROGRAMME ACTI
Page 29 and 30: PROGRAMME ACTnITIES - ASIA, THE PAC
Page 31 and 32: 30 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - ASIA, THE
Page 33 and 34: 71 -~-A' Abbreviations • see pp.
Page 35 and 36: 0 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - THE AMERIC
Page 37 and 38: PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - THE AMERICAS
Page 39 and 40: Abbreviations - see pp. 105-106
Page 41 and 42: _____ ____1____ 40'\ PROGRAMME ACTI
Page 43 and 44: n,d II 1, 'I W."' !.7 Kzaks "oneo,i
Page 45 and 46: Abrviton1 se pp.' 10 -1-./
Page 47 and 48: * The IPGRI In Situ Task Force PROG
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Page 57 and 58: Abbreviations - see pp. 105-106
Page 59 and 60: PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - OERMPLASM MA
Page 61 and 62: PROGRAMME ACTITIES - GERMPLASM MAIN
Page 63 and 64: * Neglected crops 62 PRO RAMME ACTI
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p I ~ ~ I - Abbre~'IatIons see pp.
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6 PROGRAMME ACTMITIES - DOCUMENTATI
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(_Go PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - DOCUMEN
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70 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - DOCUMENTA
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72" PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - DOCUMENT
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74 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - DOCUMENTA
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76 Abbreviations see pp. 105-106
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The goals of INIBAP f I.F-l'j ' ' T
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Annual export Numberofsamples: 900
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maintained or initiated on a priori
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aaasra 84 PROGRAMME ACTIVITIES - IN
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........ ----- --......... INTERNAT
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INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION The Cru
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the represnltative of lie Governmen
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Institute fSenior Al~l igDr. in 9Se
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IPGRI's institutional arrangerment
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96 STAFF PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTAT
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98 STAFF PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTAT
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Financial report Statements of Gran
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Financial report, continued.w INBAP
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104 COMPLEMENTARY FUNDED ACTIVITIES
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ICLARI ICPAF ICRISAI I._W ILLc 11)i
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+108 Asia, the Pacific and Oceania
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1994 Hq iAV4itft f Pj (I Ium) ft. H
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thilH mi cii. Pn, I~t n ilinalirL"
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Zsammenfassung der AHviMt 1994 1 )c
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',,t*it-Igtllih rt.Fink' n ,'ihl.,
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Acontecimientos de 1994 11211"I 1.1
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123 I, I c II 6 l, s#! if!t tit -g
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Contact HEADQUARTERS Via delle Sett
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