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6.EFRC Düsseldorf, Germany<br />
Using reciprocating compressors to<br />
liquefy NG in a small scale LNG Plant<br />
Dipl.- Ing. Horst Becker (RWE)<br />
Plant Manager<br />
Dipl.- Ing. Hans-J. Großmann (GOC Engineering GmbH)<br />
Director<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 1
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 2
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 3
RWE Energy<br />
gas sales 258 bill kWh<br />
electricity sales 168 bill kWh<br />
gas-storage (un<strong>de</strong>rground) 3.3 bill Nm³<br />
gas-storage (above-ground) 21,500 m³ LNG<br />
14 mio. Nm³ gas<br />
140 mio. kWh<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 4
RWE Energy storage facilities<br />
Kalle<br />
Epe<br />
Xanten<br />
Nievenheim<br />
Wolfersberg<br />
RWE Energy storage facility<br />
RWE Dea storage facility<br />
Inzenham-<br />
West<br />
Staßfurt<br />
Breitbrunn<br />
Former<br />
upstream<br />
fields<br />
Háje<br />
Lobodice<br />
Třanovice<br />
Štramberk<br />
Tvrdonice<br />
Doní<br />
Dunajovice<br />
Supra-regional gas trading points (HUBs)<br />
in CZ: 75%<br />
storage<br />
capacity<br />
in GE: 17%<br />
storage<br />
capacity (RWE<br />
Energy 11%,<br />
RWE DEA 6%)<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 5
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 6
LNG Plant Nievenheim - basic data<br />
start of construction: 1974<br />
start of operation: 1976<br />
reinvestment: 2003/07<br />
LNG-Tank:<br />
height: ca. 32 m<br />
diameter: ca. 37 m<br />
volume: 21,500 m³<br />
capacity (L-gas form): 14 Mio.Nm³<br />
liquefaction 2,400 Nm³/h<br />
regasification 100,000 Nm³/h<br />
5 Compressors (3 reciprocating, 2 turbo)<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 7
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Adsorption<br />
Liquefaction<br />
Cold Box<br />
Deepcooling<br />
Expansion<br />
Storage and Boil-off-gas<br />
compression<br />
LNG<br />
Pressuregas for instruments<br />
LN²<br />
Transmission<br />
Stand 2008<br />
Vaporizer<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 8
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 9
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Compressor hall<br />
Heatexchanger<br />
moisture and<br />
W31601<br />
aromatics -<br />
carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong> -<br />
adsorbers<br />
old<br />
new<br />
W 31601, narrow passages<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 10
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 11
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Central-heating boiler<br />
Heat exchanger<br />
(carbon dioxi<strong>de</strong><br />
adsorber)<br />
Heat<br />
exchanger<br />
(Moisture and<br />
araomatics<br />
adsorber)<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 12
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 13
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 14
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
REG Gas handling >>> compressor C 28/29 – 601<br />
Turbo compressors for<br />
Heating up /cooling within<br />
the REG Gas cycle<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 15
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
BOG handling >>> compressor C 22601<br />
Compressor C22601<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 16
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
BOG handling >>> compressor C 22601<br />
Mechanical Test run<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 17
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 18
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Typical compressor in Cavern storage plants<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 19
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Compressor C21601<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 20
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
10<br />
kV<br />
1,91<br />
MW<br />
331<br />
rpm<br />
E21606<br />
Compressor C21601<br />
E21605<br />
E21601<br />
E21602<br />
MRL3 NG2 NG3 NG1<br />
C21601<br />
MRL2 NG4 MRL1B MRL1A<br />
E21603<br />
Cold Box<br />
Haevy<br />
hydrocarbons<br />
Regenerationgas<br />
Reg.gas blower<br />
(400V, 19kW +<br />
38kW)<br />
Adsorbers<br />
E21604<br />
Stand 2008<br />
Flash gas<br />
LNG<br />
Transmission to the grid<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 21
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Compressor C 21601<br />
Compressor C22601<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 22
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 23
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Compressor C 21601<br />
Some operation problems and limitations<br />
► Control of process<br />
► Startup conditions<br />
► Trip function/ control of compressor safety features<br />
► Control of process at partial load conditions<br />
►High risk to damage the compressor<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 24
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 25
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Solutions/next steps<br />
Solutions to be discussed<br />
► New liquefaction process<br />
► Optimized existing plant arrangement ( modify MRL)<br />
► New compressor arrangement<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 26
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
C24601, NG<br />
Pressure<br />
regulation<br />
Liquefaction process-new-<br />
H²O/<br />
Aromate<br />
T<br />
Adsorption<br />
T<br />
+200°C +250°C<br />
T<br />
Haetingcycle<br />
CO²<br />
adsorption<br />
C29601<br />
T<br />
CO²<br />
Coolingcycle<br />
CO²<br />
adsorption<br />
T<br />
C28601<br />
Separation<br />
haevy<br />
hydrocarbons<br />
Expansion<br />
Pipeline grid<br />
-90°C<br />
-140°C<br />
Deepcooling<br />
+20°C<br />
Cold Box<br />
C23601, REG<br />
T<br />
Expansion<br />
C21601 , MRL<br />
Stand 2008<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 27
Contents<br />
1. Introduction – RWE Energy and gas storage facilities<br />
2. LNG Plant – Plant Data and Liquefaction Process<br />
3. Type of compressors installed<br />
4. Liquefaction compressor<br />
5. Problems and consi<strong>de</strong>rations to optimize liquefaction<br />
6. Solutions to be discussed<br />
7. Conclusion<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 28
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Conclusions<br />
► Existing compressor arrangement is complex but it works<br />
► Still possibilities to optimized the existing process<br />
► Discuss new compressor arrangements<br />
►Next Step: Conduct feasibility study to compare CAPEX/OPEX of<br />
the alternatives<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 29
Peak Shaving Plant Nievenheim<br />
Thank you<br />
Horst.Becker@rwe.com<br />
Hans.Grossmann@goce.<strong>de</strong><br />
for your attention !<br />
RWE Energy PAGE 30
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