The Heart of Mid-Lothian - Penn State University

NOTE M.—Sir William Dick of Braid.
This gentleman formed a striking example of the instability
of human prosperity. He was once the wealthiest
man of his time in Scotland, a merchant in an extensive
line of commerce, and a farmer of the public revenue;
insomuch that, about 1640, he estimated his fortune at
two hundred thousand pounds sterling. Sir William Dick
was a zealous Covenanter; and in the memorable year
1641, he lent the Scottish Convention of Estates one
hundred thousand merks at once, and thereby enabled
them to support and pay their army, which must otherwise
have broken to pieces. He afterwards advanced
£20,000 for the service of King Charles, during the usurpation;
and having, by owning the royal cause, provoked
the displeasure of the ruling party, he was fleeced of
more money, amounting in all to £65,000 sterling.
Being in this manner reduced to indigence, he went to
London to try to recover some part of the sums which
had been lent on Government security. Instead of re-
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ceiving any satisfaction, the Scottish Croesus was thrown
into prison, in which he died, 19th December 1655. It is
said his death was hastened by the want of common
necessaries. But this statement is somewhat exaggerated,
if it be true, as is commonly said, that though he
was not supplied with bread, he had plenty of pie-crust,
thence called “Sir William Dick’s Necessity.”
The changes of fortune are commemorated in a folio
pamphlet, entitled, “The Lamentable Estate and distressed
Case of Sir William Dick” [Lond. 1656]. It contains
three copper-plates, one representing Sir William
on horseback, and attended with guards as Lord Provost
of Edinburgh, superintending the unloading of one
of his rich argosies. A second exhibiting him as arrested,
and in the hands of the bailiffs. A third presents him
dead in prison. The tract is esteemed highly valuable by
collectors of prints. The only copy I ever saw upon sale,
was rated at £30. (In London sales, copies have varied
in price from £15 to £52: 10s.)