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Mesoporous silica- and silicon-based materials ... - Helda - Helsinki.fi

Mesoporous silica- and silicon-based materials ... - Helda - Helsinki.fi

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Contents<br />

Abstract i<br />

Acknowledgements ii<br />

List of original publications v<br />

Abbreviations <strong>and</strong> symbols vi<br />

1 Introduction 1<br />

2 Review of the literature 4<br />

2.1 Processing amorphous drug formulations 4<br />

2.1.1 Melt methods 5<br />

2.1.2 Solvent methods 7<br />

2.1.3 Other methods 8<br />

2.2 Properties of mesoporous <strong>silicon</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>silica</strong> <strong>materials</strong> 9<br />

2.2.1 Methods of fabrication 9<br />

2.2.2 Structural differences 10<br />

2.2.2.1 Pore morphology 11<br />

2.2.2.2 Surface chemistry 12<br />

2.2.3 Biological safety 13<br />

2.2.3.1 In vitro studies 14<br />

2.2.3.2 In vivo studies 18<br />

2.3 <strong>Mesoporous</strong> <strong>materials</strong> in drug delivery 20<br />

2.3.1 Modifying the drug release rate with particle properties 20<br />

2.3.2 Controlled drug release 22<br />

2.3.2.1 Surface functionalization 22<br />

2.3.2.2 Stimuli-responsive methods 23<br />

2.3.3 In vivo applications 25<br />

iii

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