KOSTEGIDS | COST GUIDE - VinPro

KOSTEGIDS | COST GUIDE
2012/13

Consolidated Wire Industries
SUPPLIERS
Ons versprei en ondersteun slegs wêreldbekende handelsmerke.
Druk gerus op ons nommer indien u trekkers, oesmasjiene, motor etse, spuitpompe,
snoeiers, ontblaarders, snyers, balers, voermengers, harke, ploeë en dies meer benodig.
ENVIROMIST
INDUSTRIES PTY LTD
Tel: 023 347 2646 | Faks: 023 347 2755 | www.orchards.co.za
Fieldstraat 5-7, Worcester
LIPCO GmbH

Samestelling / Composition
Gert van Wyk & Pieter van Niekerk
VinPro Landbou-ekonomiese Diens / VinPro Agro-economic Service
Tel: (023) 347 1566 / (021) 807 3237
vanwykg@vinpro.co.za / pieter@vinpro.co.za
’n Spesiale woord van dank aan ons borge wat die druk van hierdie
Kostegids, asook die gratis verspreiding daarvan aan alle VinPro-lede en
rolspelers in die wynbedryf moontlik maak.
A special word of thanks to our sponsors without whom this Cost Guide
could not have been published or distributed for free to all VinPro
members and role players in the wine industry.
Orchard Suppliers • Netafim
Terason / Villa Crop • Boshoff Visser
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 1

Inhoud / Contents
Voorwoord / Foreword ................................................................................................................ 5
Doel / Purpose ............................................................................................................................. 5
Koste van wyndruifproduksie (2011-oes) / Cost of wine grape production (2011 harvest) ..... 6
Inleiding en agtergrond / Introduction and background ......................................................... 6
Koste van wyndruifproduksie / Cost of wine grape production ............................................. 7
Kontantuitgawes / Cash Expenditure ..................................................................................... 7
Voorsiening vir vervanging / Provision for replacement .......................................................... 10
Produksie se invloed op gelykbreek / Influence of production on break-even ....................... 10
Teikeninkomste (2011-oes) / Target income (2011 harvest) ...................................................... 11
Arbeidsriglyne / Labour guidelines ............................................................................................. 15
Arbeidsnorme / Labour norms ................................................................................................ 15
Minimum loon / Minimum wage.............................................................................................. 16
Vestigingskoste / Establishment cost ........................................................................................ 16
Grondvoorbereiding / Soil preparation ................................................................................... 16
Koste van prieelstelsels / Cost of trellis systems .................................................................... 19
Besproeiing / Irrigation ............................................................................................................ 22
Ander nuttige inligting / Other useful information ................................................................... 23
Koste van meganisasie / Cost of mechanisation ....................................................................... 23
Metodiek / Methodology ......................................................................................................... 24
Trekkers / Tractors .................................................................................................................. 25
Parsmasjiene / Harvesters ...................................................................................................... 27
Spuitpompe / Spraypumps ..................................................................................................... 27
Sleepwaens / Trailers .............................................................................................................. 28
Ander implemente / Other implements ................................................................................... 28
Bakkies / Pick-ups .................................................................................................................. 29
Vragmotors / Trucks ................................................................................................................ 30
VinPro kontakbesonderhede / VinPro contact details ............................ Agterblad / Back cover
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 3

Die samestellers van die VinPro Kostegids
het deurgaans te goeder trou opgetree. Enige
besluit voortspruitend, of aksie gebaseer op
die inligting soos vervat in die gids, word op
eie risiko gedoen. Nie die samestellers of Vin-
Pro kan verantwoordelik gehou word vir enige
finansiële verlies weens so ’n besluit of aksie
nie, terwyl enige finansiële wins slegs tot die
voordeel van die gebruiker daarvan is.
4 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Vrywaring / Indemnity
The VinPro Cost Guide was compiled in good
faith. Any decision taken as a result of, or actions
based on information contained in the
guide is solely at the user’s own risk. Neither the
compilers nor VinPro are accountable for any
financial loss due to such decisions or actions,
while any financial gain derived from it is solely
to the benefit of the users thereof.

In die strewe na ’n volhoubare en deelnemende
wyn produsente gemeenskap bly die VinPro
Land bou-ekonomiese Diens verbind tot effektiewe
en waardetoegevoegde ekonomiese
diens lewering aan VinPro se lede en ander rolspelers
in die be dryf.
Die Suid-Afrikaanse wyndruifprodusent is die
afgelope paar jaar blootgestel aan stygende insetkostes
en dalende winsmarges, wat daartoe
lei dat die produsent se winsgewendheid onder
geweldige druk verkeer. Met hierdie in ag geneem,
openbaar die VinPro Landbou eko nomiese
Diens jaarliks kritiese finansiële aanwysers
wat regdeur die wynbedryf erken en gebruik
word as ’n betroubare maatstaf. ’n Uitvloeisel
daarvan is die samestelling van hierdie meer
gedetailleerde Kostegids – wat jaarliks gedurende
Junie / Julie opgedateer en beskikbaar
gestel word – ter verdere ondersteuning van die
produsent.
VinPro Landbou-ekonomiese Dienste
• Lewensvatbaarheidstudies, koste- en winsgewendheidsanalises,
asook skadebepalings.
• Bestuur en koördinering van finansiële studie
groepe/Produksieplan – finansiële geheelplaas-
en bedryfstak-analises op plaasvlak.
• Die skryf van ekonomiese en bedryfsverwante
artikels.
• Ekonomiese en bedryfsverwante aanbiedings.
• Versameling en verspreiding van verteenwoordigende
landbou-ekonomiese bedryfsinligting.
Die hoofdoel van hierdie Kostegids is om sekere
noodsaaklike ekonomiese aspekte in ’n eenvoudige
formaat te verpak wat as hulpmiddel
kan dien vir die opstel van begrotings deur wyndruifprodusente.
Weens dramatiese prysskommelinge
is dit baie moeilik om sinvol en akkuraat
te begroot en kan hierdie gids as riglyn daarvoor
aangewend word.
Voorwoord / Foreword
Doel / Purpose
In the quest to a sustainable and participating
wine producer community, VinPro’s Agroeconomic
Service is committed to providing
effective and value-added economic services
to all members of VinPro, as well as other role
players in the industry.
The South African wine producers’ profitability
has been under enormous pressure over the
past few years due to rising input costs, as
well as low and decreasing profit margins. With
this in mind, VinPro’s Agro-economic Service
annually reveals financial indicators that are accepted
and used throughout the wine industry
as a trusted benchmark. As an extension of its
support to producers, VinPro compiled this more
detailed Cost Guide, which is updated annually
and available in June/July.
VinPro Agro-economic Services
• Feasibility studies, cost- and profitability
analyses, as well as damage assessments.
• Coordinating financial study groups/Production
plan – financial analyses at farm level of
total farm or operational branch.
• Writing of economic and industry-related
articles.
• Economic and industry-related presentations.
• Collecting and distributing relevant financial
industry information.
The main purpose of this guide is to provide
wine grape producers with specific financial indicators
to assist them in compiling a budget.
Due to the fact that prices vary dramatically, it is
difficult to compile a budget that is both meaningful
and accurate. This guide is a useful aid in
compiling a more accurate budget.
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 5

Koste van wyndruifproduksie (2011-oes) /
Cost of wine grape production (2011 harvest)
VinPro se Landbou-ekonomiese afdeling het
gedurende die tweede helfte van 2011 – met die
ondersteuning van Winetech, die Nasionale
Landboubemarkingsraad (NLBR), Standard
Bank, Absa, Land Bank, Eerste Nasionale Bank
en Nedbank – voortgebou op die voorafgaande
sewe jaar se finansiële ontledings onder primêre
wynprodusente in die nege VinPro-distrikte. Die
hoofdoel van die projek is om beide die koste
van wyndruifproduksie en winsgewendheid van
die produsent te bepaal.
Deelname in die 2011 Produksieplan-projek het
met 3% toegeneem, wat die totale vrywillige deelname
op 258 boerdery-eenhede te staan bring.
Altesaam 647 produsente en rolspelers in die
be dryf het die 36 studiegroep-byeenkomste byge
woon, waartydens ekonomiese en ander relevante
inligting aan deelnemers verskaf is ter onder
steuning van langtermyn volhoubare wyndruifproduksie.
Die steekproef beslaan tans 22 799 ha
(23% van totale Suid-Afrikaanse wingerdstand in
2010), wat 321 052 ton ople wer (25% van die
totale Suid-Afrikaanse oes in 2011). Die pro duksie
bestaan uit 65% wit en 35% rooi wyndrui we, en
54% van die tonne is meganies gepars.
Die verslag verteenwoordig grotendeels bedryfsgemiddelde
syfers en word verder geskoei op ’n
terugblik van die belangrikste bevindinge oor die
afgelope agt oesjare. Groter klem word egter op
die afgelope oes (2011) gelê. Die Malmesburydistrik
word deurgaans apart geëvalueer en vorm
nie deel van die bedryfsgemiddelde syfers nie,
aangesien dié studiegroep uit ’n groot komponent
droëlandwingerd bestaan en hierdie ondernemings
’n ander produksie-, koste- en ka pi taalstruktuur
as in die geval van besproeide win gerde
benodig. Die evaluerings is nie kultivar- en/of
blokspesifiek nie – wyndruiwe word as ’n geheel
geëvalueer. Die meeste van die boerdery-ondernemings
wat geëvalueer word, verskil ten opsigte
van die plaasgrootte, kultivarsamestelling en diversifisering
ten opsigte van ander be dryfstakke
in die verskillende streke. Syfers word bereken
deur die geweegde gemiddelde van al die
deelnemers te bepaal – oorwegend produsente
met goeie tot bogemiddelde bestuurs vermoë.
6 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Inleiding en agtergrond / Introduction and background
During the second half of 2011 VinPro’s Agroeconomic
division – in conjunction with Winetech,
the National Agricultural Marketing Council
(NAMC), Standard Bank, Absa, Land Bank, First
National Bank and Nedbank – again performed
financial analyses among primary wine producers
in the nine VinPro districts, as in the previous
seven years. The primary objective of the project
is to determine both the cost of wine grape production
and producer profitability.
Participation in the 2011 Production Plan increased
by 3%, which brings the total number of
voluntary participants to 258 farming units. A
total of 647 producers and role players in the
industry attended the 36 study group sessions,
where participants received economic and other
relevant information in support of long-term
sustainable wine grape production. The sample
currently consists of 22 799 ha (23% of the total
South African area planted to vines in 2010),
producing 321 052 tons (25% of the total South
African crop in 2011). The production comprised
65% white and 35% red grapes, and 54% of the
tonnage was harvested mechanically.
The report mainly represents industry average
figures and is further based on an overview of
the most important findings over the past eight
vintages. The emphasis, however, is predominantly
on the most recent harvest (2011). The
Malmesbury district is evaluated separately
throughout and does not form part of the industry
average figures, as a large component of this
study group represents dryland vineyards and
these enterprises require a different production,
cost and capital structure than those who farm
with irrigated vineyards. The evaluations are not
cultivar and/or block specific – wine grapes are
evaluated as a whole. Most of the farming enterprises
that were evaluated differ in respect of
farm size, cultivar composition and diversification
with regard to other industry branches in the
respective regions. Numbers are calculated by
determining the weighted average of all the participants,
the majority of whom have good to
above-average management skills.

Jaarlikse totale produksiekoste – belasting, rente
en ondernemersloon uitgesluit – bestaan uit
twee komponente, naamlik kontantuitgawes en
voorsiening vir vervanging. Die bedryfsgemiddelde
totale produksiekoste het sedert 2010 met
bykans 7% tot R30 582/ha in 2011 toegeneem.
R / ha
R 35 000
R 30 000
R 25 000
R 20 000
R 15 000
R 10 000
R 5 000
R 0
Koste van wyndruifproduksie / Cost of wine grape production
R 19 000
R 4 779
R 14 221
R 20 643
R 5 633
Kontantuitgawes
Kontantuitgawes word gekategoriseer as direkte
koste, arbeid, meganisasie, vaste verbeteringe
en algemene uitgawes. Totale kontantuitgawes
toon ’n 9% styging vanaf 2010 tot
R22 443/ha in die 2011-oesjaar.
Die toename in kontantuitgawes is grotendeels
aangevuur deur ’n ietwat groter 2011-oes, asook
buitengewone hoë stygings in die koste van
elektrisiteit, waterbelasting, herstel, onderhoud
en instandhouding van trekkers, voertuie en
implemente, asook brandstofpryse – alles kostes
wat sedert 2010 met dubbelsyfers gestyg
het. Die meeste ander kostekomponente het min
of meer in lyn met inflasie toegeneem.
Die samestelling van kontantuitgawes het sedert
2004 grootliks onveranderd gebly, met arbeid
wat steeds die grootste komponent verteenwoordig
– 41% in die 2011-oesjaar. Meganisasie,
direkte koste, algemene uitgawes en vaste
verbeteringe verteenwoordig onderskeidelik
21%, 18%, 18% en 2% van kontantuitgawes.
Alhoewel klein verskille van jaar tot jaar voorkom,
is die tendens tog dat alle komponente
relatief tot mekaar duurder geword het .
Totale produksiekoste / Total production cost
R 21 332
R 5 733
R 22 125
R 6 108
R 15 010 R 15 599 R 16 017
The total annual production cost – excluding tax,
interest and entrepreneurial remuneration – consists
of two components, namely cash expenditure
and provision for replacement. Since 2010
the industry’s average total production cost has
increased by almost 7% to R30 582/ha in 2011.
R 23 578
R 6 876
R 16 702
R 7 541
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Kontantuitgawes / Cash expenditure Voorsiening vir vervanging / Provision for replacement
R 26 580
R 19 039
Cash expenditure
R 28 580
R 7 937
R 20 643
R 30 582
R 8 139
R 22 443
Totale produksiekoste / Total production cost
Cash expenditure is categorised as direct cost,
labour, mechanisation, fixed improvements and
general expenditures. Total cash expenditure
shows a 9% increase from 2010 to R22 443/ha
for the 2011 production year.
The increase in cash expenditure can be mainly
ascribed to a slightly larger 2011 crop, as well as
exceptionally high increases in the cost of electricity,
water tax, repairing and maintenance of
tractors, vehicles and implements, as well as fuel
prices – all of which have increased by double
digits since 2010. Other cost components increased
more or less in line with inflation.
Since 2004 the composition of cash expenditure
has remained largely unchanged, with labour
still representing the largest component
– 41% for the 2011 production year. Mechanisation,
direct cost, general expenditure and
fixed improvements represent 21%, 18%, 18%
and 2% respectively of cash expenditure. Although
there are minor differences year on year,
it is a noticeable trend that all components have
become increasingly expensive relative to each
other.
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 7

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
15%
19%
44%
17%
Samestelling van jaarlikse kontantuitgawes / Composition of annual cash expenditure
16%
19%
44%
16%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Direkte koste / Direct costs Arbeid / Labour
Meganisasie / Mechanisation
Algemene uitgawes / General expenditure
Vaste verbeteringe / Fixed improvements
Die volgende vier grafieke illustreer die beweging
van ongeveer 80% van die jaarlikse kontantuitgawes
gedurende die afgelope agt jaar:
R / ha
R 2 000
R1 800
R 1 600
R 1 400
R 1 200
R 1 000
R 800
R 600
R 400
R 200
R -
R 1 257 R 1 251
R 679 R 686
R 346
R 420
8 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
17%
19%
44%
15%
17%
20%
43%
15%
18%
21%
42%
17%
Direkte koste / Direct cost
R 1 176
R 756
R 1 144
R 875
R 344 R 370
15%
21%
42%
18%
16%
20%
41%
19%
18%
21%
41%
18%
2010 2011
The next four charts illustrate the movement of
close to 80% of the annual cash expenditure
during the past eight years:
R 1 257
R 1 012
R 424
R 1 506
R 1 172
R 1 758
R 1 327
R 1 655
R 1 382
R 549 R 544 R 592
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Bemesting / Fertiliser Plaag- en siektebeheer / Pesticide control Onkruidbeheer / Herbicide control

R / ha
R / ha
R / ha
R 2 500
R 2 000
R 1 500
R 1 000
R 500
R -
R 6 000
R 5 000
R 4 000
R 3 000
R 2 000
R 1 000
R 2 000
R1 800
R -
R 1 600
R 1 400
R 1 200
R 1 000
R 800
R 600
R 400
R 200
R -
R 1 449
R 859
Meganisasie / Mechanisation
R 1 505 R 1 468 R 1 517
R 921
R 1 106
R 1 252
R 1 586
R 1 464
R 1 842
R 1 639
R 1 983
R 1 533
R 2 243
R 1 726
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Brandstof / Fuel Herstel, onderdele & reparasies (losbates) / Repair, parts & maintenance (loose assets)
R 3 962
R 1 388
R 4 006
R 4 185
Arbeid / Labour
R 4 219
R 1 556 R 1 547 R 1 589
R 4 097
R 1 719
R 4 459
R 4 920
R 5 272
R 2 137 R 2 132 R 2 246
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Permanente arbeid / Permanent labour Seisoensarbeid & kontrakteurs / Seasonal labour & contractors
R 717
R 688
R 861
Algemene uitgawes / General expenditure
R 780
R 1 019
R 803
R 1 043
R 1 119
R 845 R 831
R 1 040
R 1 072
R 605 R 627 R 647 R 655 R 652 R 681
R 1 339
R 1 131
R 720
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Elektrisiteit / Electricity Waterkoste / Water cost Administrasie / Administration
R 1 768
R 1 176
R 846
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 9

Produksie se invloed op gelykbreek / Influence of production on break-even
Die invloed van produksie op die gelykbreekprys
van totale produksiekoste in rand per ton is
enorm. Alhoewel totale produksiekoste per hektaar
met 7% gestyg het sedert 2010, het die
gelykbreek in terme van rand per ton slegs met
4.5% verhoog van R1 941/ton na R2 028/ton.
Anders gestel; die eerste R2 028 wat die produsent
met die 2011-oes vir ’n ton druiwe
ontvang het, moes vir totale produksiekoste
aan gewend word – sonder dat ondernemersloon,
rente of belasting in berekening gebring is.
Hierdie kleiner styging kan hoofsaaklik toegeskryf
word aan ’n groter 2011-oes wat vir die
totale bedryf gerealiseer is. Let egter daarop dat
sommige distrikte ’n kleiner oes gerealiseer het,
wat weer ’n negatiewe impak op hul gelykbreekprys
uitoefen.
ton / ha
10 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Voorsiening vir vervanging / Provision for replacement
Totale voorsiening vir vervanging het in die
2011-oesjaar R8 140/ha beloop – ’n 3% styging
sedert 2010. Die feit dat hierdie styging laer as
kontantuitgawes en selfs laer as inflasie was,
kan onder andere toegeskryf word daaraan dat
die ekonomiese leeftyd van losbates/produksiemiddele
plek-plek verleng is. Hierdie aanpassing
was noodsaaklik en is meer in lyn met die werklike
vervangingstermyn.
The influence of yield on the break-even price of
total production cost in rand per ton is enormous.
Although total production cost per hectare
has increased by 7% since 2010, the breakeven
in terms of rand per ton only increased by
4.5% from R1 941/ton to R2 028/ton. In other
words, the first R2 028 received by the producer
for a ton of grapes in the 2011 production year
should have been allocated towards total production
cost – without entrepreneurial remuneration,
interest or tax being taken into account.
This smaller increase can mainly be attributed
to the larger 2011 crop realised for the total industry.
Note that certain districts harvested a
smaller crop, which had a negative impact on
their break-even price.
Invloed van produksie op gelykbreek / Influence of production on break-even
17.00
16.50
16.00
15.50
15.00
14.50
14.00
13.50
13.00
12.50
12.00
R1 449
13.11
R1 497
R1 391 R1 420
13.79
15.34
15.58
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
In the 2011 production year total provision for
replacement amounted to R8 140/ha – a 3%
increase since 2010. The fact that this increase
was lower than that of cash expenditure and
even below inflation, may be ascribed to, inter
alia, the extension of the economic lifetime of
loose assets/means of production in some instances.
This adjustment was necessary and is
more in line with the actual replacement term.
R1 446
Produksie / Production (ton/ha) Gelykbreek / Break-even (R/ton)
16.31
R1 709
15.55
R1 941
14.73
R2 028
15.08
R2 500
R2 000
R1 500
R1 000
R500
R0
R / ton

Gemiddelde druifopbrengs wissel geweldig tussen
die onderskeie distrikte, terwyl die totale
pro duksiekoste in rand per hektaar nie noemens
waardig verskil nie. Hierdie produksieverskille
gee egter aanleiding daartoe dat die gelykbreekprys
ten opsigte van totale produksiekoste
per ton geweldig verskil tussen die onderskeie
distrikte.
ton / ha
Dit is van uiterste belang dat produsente en
ander rolspelers in die wynbedryf weet wat die
teikeninkomste per hektaar moet wees om te
verseker dat redelike en aanvaarbare ekonomiese
opbrengste gerealiseer word. Om die
teikeninkomste te bepaal word die totale produksiekoste,
’n aanvaarbare ondernemers loon,
asook ’n realistiese opbrengs op die kapitaalbelegging
in berekening gebring. Sodoende word
die teikeninkomste per hektaar bepaal, wat na
gelang van verskillende produksies aangepas
moet word om teikenpryse vir spesifieke produkte
te bepaal. Hierdie syfers is slegs ’n gemiddelde
teikeninkomste per distrik ten opsigte van
Produksieplan-deelnemers en die ideaal is dat
elke produsent sy eie individuele teikeninkomste
bepaal na gelang van sy plaasgrootte, kostestruktuur,
ens.
Average yield varies greatly between the respective
districts, whereas the total production cost
in rand per hectare does not differ significantly.
The consequence of such differences in yield is
that the break-even price with regard to total
production cost per ton differs substantially from
one district to the next.
Gelykbreek per distrik (2011-oes) / Break-even per district (2011 harvest)
30.00 6 000
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
–
16.74
1 671
15.60 15.76
1 882
1 806
17.65
Klein Karoo Robertson Worcester Breedekloof Olifantsrivier
/ Olifants
River
1 669
25.02
1 234
Oranjerivier
/ Orange
River
Paarl Stellenbosch Bedryf /
Industry
Gelykbreek / Break-even (R/ton) Produksie / Production (ton/ha)
Malmesbury
(Droëland /
Dryland)
Teikeninkomste (2011-oes) / Target income (2011 harvest)
23.47
1 308
11.07
2 450
7.61
4 872
15.08
5 000
4 000
3 000
2 000
1 000
It is important that producers and other role
players are informed of what their target income
per hectare should be to ensure that reasonable
and acceptable economic yields are obtained.
Total production cost, entrepreneurial remuneration
and a realistic return on the capital investment
are all taken into account to determine the
total target income. After the target income per
hectare has been calculated, it should be divided
according to varying levels of production in order
to determine target prices for specific products.
The target income guidelines shown here represent
the average for all the participants of the
Production Plan per district. Keep in mind that
individual producers should determine their own
target income according to their own cost structure,
farm size, etc.
2 028
6.89
2 924
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 11
–
R / ton

PRODUKSIEKOSTE VIR WYNDRUIWE – KOSTE AS RAND PER HEKTAAR (2011-OES) /
PRODUCTION COST FOR WINE GRAPES – COST AS RAND PER HECTARE (2011 HARVEST)
DISTRIK / DISTRICT
KOSTE STRUKTUUR / COST STRUCTURE
Stellenbosch Paarl
DIREKTE KOSTE / DIRECT COST 3 954 3 545
SAAD / SEED 218 95
KUNSMIS / FERTILIZER 551 788
ORGANIESE BEMESTING / ORGANIC MATERIAL 41 191
PLAAG- EN SIEKTEBEHEER / PESTICIDE CONTROL 1 898 1 647
ONKRUIDBEHEER / HERBICIDE CONTROL 713 492
HERSTEL- EN BINDMATERIAAL / REPAIR AND BINDING MATERIAL 534 332
ARBEID/ LABOUR # 14 384 8 537
TOESIG EN BESTUURSHULP / SUPERVISION 3 185 1 098
PERMANENTE ARBEID / PERMANENT LABOUR 6 865 5 134
SEISOENSARBEID & KONTRAKTEURS / SEASONAL & CONTRACT WORKERS 4 333 2 305
MEGANISASIE / MECHANISATION 4 783 4 076
BRANDSTOF / FUEL 1 720 1 688
HERSTEL, ONDERDELE & REPARASIES / REPAIR, PARTS & MAINTENANCE 2 543 1 646
LISENSIES & VERSEKERING / LICENCES & INSURANCE 416 279
VERVOER GEHUUR / TRANSPORT HIRED 103 463
VASTE VERBETERINGE / FIXED IMPROVEMENTS 907 667
HERSTEL & ONDERHOUD / REPAIR & MAINTENANCE 639 522
VERSEKERING / INSURANCE 268 144
ALGEMENE UITGAWES / GENERAL EXPENDITURE 4 586 3 046
ELEKTRISITEIT / ELECTRICITY 1 372 1 489
WATERKOSTE / WATER COST 705 526
GROND-, EIENDOMS- & MUN BELASTINGS / LAND-, PROPERTY- & MUN TAXES 362 184
ADMINISTRASIE / ADMINISTRATION * 2 147 846
TOTALE KONTANTUITGAWES / TOTAL CASH EXPENDITURE 28 615 19 870
VOORSIENING VIR VERVANGING / PROVISION FOR RENEWAL 8 459 7 249
WINGERDE / VINEYARDS 4 733 4 737
VASTE VERBETERINGS / FIXED IMPROVEMENTS 1 117 584
LOSGOED OF PRODUKSIEMIDDELE / LOOSE ASSETS OR PRODUCTION MEANS 2 609 1 927
TOTALE UITGAWES / TOTAL EXPENDITURE 37 073 27 119
GEMIDDELDE OPPV GEPLANT / AREA PLANTED (HA) 100 105
AREA ONDER BESPROEIING / AREA UNDER IRRIGATION (%)
OUDERDOMSAMESTELLING / AGE COMPOSITION (%)
88% 92%
3 JAAR & JONGER / 3 YEARS AND YOUNGER 9.80 9.70
TUSSEN 4 & 7 JAAR / BETWEEN 4 & 7 YEARS 18.18 18.92
TUSSEN 8 & 15 JAAR / BETWEEN 8 & 15 YEARS 46.49 48.76
TUSSEN 16 & 20 JAAR / BETWEEN 16 & 20 YEARS 10.19 10.67
OUER AS 20 JAAR / OLDER THAN 20 YEARS 15.34 11.95
GEMIDDELDE OPBRENGS / AVERAGE YIELD (TON PER HA) 7.61 11.07
KONTANTUITGAWES / CASH EXPENDITURE (RAND PER TON) 3 760 1 795
TOTALE UITGAWES / TOTAL EXPENDITURE (RAND PER TON) 4 872 2 450
# Ingesluit: Voorsorgfonds, WVF, medies, beskermde klere, klerasie, bonusse, rantsoene, ongevalle/vergoeding kommisaris, ens.
# Included: Provident fund, UIF, medical, protected clothes, clothing, bonus, ransom, workman’s compensation comission, etc.
* Ingesluit: Bankkoste, ouditeursgelde, lidmaatskappe, sekuriteit, rekenaaronderhoud, professionele dienste, kursusse/opleiding, posgeld, telefoon, skryfbehoeftes,
besproeiingsmonitering en diverse uitgawes.
* Included: Banking costs, bookkeeping fees, membership fees, security, computer maintenance, professional fees, training/courses,postage, telephone,
stationary, irrigation monitoring and sundries.

Robertson Breedekloof Olifants Riv(i)er Worcester Oranje Riv(i)er Klein Karoo
Rand / Ha
Gemiddeld
Average
Malmesbury
4 034 4 875 3 742 4 212 3 210 4 407 3 992 2 667
9 102 45 44 37 245 97 77
1 279 1 211 1 543 1 260 1 247 1 335 1 061 567
117 571 229 271 248 327 225 76
1 604 1 984 1 378 1 551 1 012 1 550 1 655 1 366
741 646 358 721 413 248 592 426
284 361 189 366 253 703 362 155
7 403 7 875 6 508 7 343 10 604 6 284 9 111 6 078
1 515 1 472 769 1 372 994 512 1 593 512
4 462 5 257 4 550 5 140 4 952 4 088 5 272 2 914
1 426 1 146 1 189 831 4 659 1 684 2 246 2 653
4 740 4 383 5 624 4 215 5 473 3 755 4 633 3 553
1 531 1 682 1 766 1 722 2 406 1 723 1 726 1 282
2 670 2 084 2 930 1 867 2 186 1 352 2 243 1 351
407 472 562 445 514 413 422 257
132 145 367 180 367 268 242 662
628 905 452 752 511 394 707 613
439 653 215 503 237 227 486 358
189 253 237 250 274 166 221 255
4 324 3 309 5 207 3 976 3 140 4 910 3 999 1 349
2 413 2 050 2 040 1 915 854 1 676 1 768 596
902 205 1 691 1 035 1 137 2 037 846 233
160 148 266 127 103 176 209 103
849 906 1 210 899 1 045 1 021 1 176 417
21 130 21 348 21 533 20 498 22 938 19 751 22 443 14 261
8 222 8 106 9 333 7 964 7 751 8 228 8 140 5 885
4 721 4 782 4 488 4 884 4 649 4 866 4 725 3 876
786 792 860 734 461 617 791 425
2 715 2 532 3 985 2 346 2 642 2 745 2 623 1 584
29 352 29 455 30 865 28 462 30 689 27 979 30 582 20 146
80 95 51 102 21 30 84 138
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 96% 42%
12.37 10.72 10.86 15.04 13.84 10.76 11.25 6.77
23.78 18.57 15.92 21.58 17.84 20.19 19.40 23.54
35.19 40.97 41.97 33.86 44.87 47.57 42.47 53.86
17.36 15.27 17.40 13.21 14.96 11.66 13.64 8.38
11.30 14.47 13.85 16.31 8.49 9.81 13.24 7.46
15.60 17.65 25.02 15.76 23.47 16.74 15.08 6.89
1 354 1 210 861 1 301 977 1 180 1 488 2 070
1 882 1 669 1 234 1 806 1 308 1 671 2 028 2 924
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 13

TEIKENINKOMSTE RIGLYNE PER HEKTAAR (2011) / TARGET INCOME GUIDELINES PER HECTARE (2011)
Malmesbury
Gemiddeld /
Average
Oranje
Riv(i)er
Robertson
Klein
Karoo
Breedekloof
Worcester
Olifants
Riv(i)er
DISTRIK / DISTRICT Stellenbosch Paarl
Plaasgrootte / Farm size 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 70
R/ha
28 615 19 870 21 533 20 498 21 348 19 751 21 130 22 938 22 443 14 261
8 459 7 249 9 333 7 964 8 106 8 228 8 222 7 751 8 140 5 885
37 073 27 119 30 865 28 462 29 455 27 979 29 352 30 689 30 582 20 146
14 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 8 800 5 600
45 873 35 919 39 665 37 262 38 255 36 779 38 152 39 489 39 382 25 746
Totale kontantuitgawes
Total cash expenditure
Voorsiening vir vervanging
Provision for renewal
Teikeninkomste na produksiekoste
Target income after production cost
Rente op belegging (Vestigingskoste - R110 000/ha)
Interest on investment (Establishment cost - R110 000/ha)
Teikeninkomste voor ondernemingsloon
Target income before entrepreneurial remuneration
8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 8 400 4 629
Ondernemingsloon (R28 000 per maand)
Entrepreneurial remuneration (R28 000 per month)
54 273 44 319 48 065 45 662 46 655 45 179 46 552 47 889 47 782 30 375
Teikeninkomste per ha
Target income per ha
TEIKENINKOMSTE PER TON / TARGET INCOME PER TON (2011)
Produksie per hektaar / Yield per hectare R/ton
5 10 855 8 864 9 613 9 132 9 331 9 036 9 310 9 578 9 556 6 075
8 6 784 5 540 6 008 5 708 5 832 5 647 5 819 5 986 5 973 3 797
10 5 427 4 432 4 807 4 566 4 665 4 518 4 655 4 789 4 778 3 037
12 4 523 3 693 4 005 3 805 3 888 3 765 3 879 3 991 3 982 2 531
15 3 618 2 955 3 204 3 044 3 110 3 012 3 103 3 193 3 185 2 025
20 2 714 2 216 2 403 2 283 2 333 2 259 2 328 2 394 2 389 1 519
25 2 171 1 773 1 923 1 826 1 866 1 807 1 862 1 916 1 911 1 215

Arbeidsriglyne / Labour guidelines
Arbeid is verreweg die grootste komponent van
die wyndruifprodusent se jaarlikse kostes; daarom
is die effektiewe bestuur van die arbeidsmag op
die plaas van kardinale belang. In die volgende
tabel is arbeidsnorme vir sekere aksies saamgevat
wat die wyndruifprodusent sal help met die beplanning,
bestuur van, en begroting vir arbeid –
beide permanent en seisoenaal – deur die jaar.
Arbeidsnorme / Labour norms
Labour is by far the largest component of wine
grape producers’ annual expenditure; therefore
efficient management of the labour corps on the
farm is of utmost importance. The following table
includes labour norms for specific actions that
will assist the wine grape producer to plan, manage
and budget for labour – both permanent and
seasonal – throughout the year.
ARBEIDSNORME / LABOUR NORMS
Tipe aksie / Type of action
Wingerd uittrek / Vineyard uproot
Man-ure per hektaar / Man hours per hectare
Bosstok / Bush vines 40 - 55
Opleiwingerd / Trellised vineyards 1100 - 1400
Skoonmaak van grond / Field clearing 23 - 30
Skoonmaak van grond (trekker) / Field clearing (tractor) 25 - 35
Verwyder ou stokke / Uproot old vines 23 - 30
Wegry van stokke / Remove vines from site
Wingerdvestiging (alle aktiwiteite) / Establishment (all activities)
25 - 35
Jaar 1 / Year 1 900 - 1300
Jaar 2 / Year 2 1000 - 2400
Jaar 3 / Year 3
Wingerdvestiging (gespesifiseerde aktiwiteite) / Establishment (specified activities)
1000 - 1500
Pale plant / Plant posts 320 - 380
Draadspan / Strain wires 70 - 90
Besproeiing installeer / Install irrigation 170 - 200
Opleistelsel oprig (medium tot groot) / Erect trellis systems (medium to large) 1200 - 1700
Saai van dekgewas / Sow cover crop seed 3 - 5
Plant van stokke / Plant vines 160 - 185
Lê van dekplastiek / Lay plastic covering 24 - 30
Groenlootontwikkeling / Green shoot development 230 - 300
Winterloot op raamwerk / Winter cane on framework 110 - 125
Oesbeheer / Crop control
Ander aktiwiteite / Other activities
65 - 80
Voorsnoei vir oplei / Pre-prune for trellising 30 - 37
Skoonsnoei vir bosstok / Clear pruning for bush vines 86 - 160
Skoonsnoei vir oplei / Clear pruning for trellising 105 - 120
Stompsnoei vir bosstok / Blunt pruning for bush vines 45 - 55
Stompsnoei vir oplei / Blunt pruning for trellising 42 - 62
Gesamentlike snoei (skoon en stomp) / Collective pruning (blunt and clear) 90 - 145
Suier intensief / Intensive offset 45 - 80
Suier ekstensief / Extensive offset 24 - 45
Lote deursteek / Plant shoots 20 - 36
Top van lote / Top shoots 15 - 25
Blare uitbreek / Remove leaves 20 - 30
Oesbeheer / Crop control 65 - 80
Oes van bosstok (man-ure per ton) / Harvest of bush vines (man hours per ton) 11 - 15
Oes van oplei (man-ure per ton) / Harvest of trellis (man hours per ton) 9 - 11
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 15

ARBEIDSNORME / LABOUR NORMS
Tipe aksie / Type of action Man-ure per hektaar / Man hours per hectare
Besproeiing in seisoen / Irrigation in season 20 - 35
Plaagbeheer (trekker) / Pest control (tractor) 60 - 75
Somerloofaksie / Summer foliage action 230 - 320
Skoffel / Hand clean 25 - 40
Die minimum loon vanaf 1 Maart 2012 tot 28
Februarie 2013 beloop soos volg:
16 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Minimum loon / Minimum wage
The minimum wage from 1 March 2012 to 28
February 2013 is as follows:
Uurlikse loon / Hourly wage R7,71 per uur / per hour
Weeklikse loon / Weekly wage R347,10 per week
Maandelikse loon / Monthly wage R1 503,90 per maand / per month
Vestigingskoste / Establishment cost
Die vestiging van wingerd is ’n langtermyn, kapitaal-intensiewe
besluit waarmee die produ -
sent vir meer as 20 jaar moet saamleef. Dit is
dus krities dat alle aspekte rondom so ’n be sluit
deeglik besin moet word alvorens dit geneem of
uitgevoer word.
Dit is wenslik om die volgende prosedures te
volg ten einde ’n eenmalige, korrekte voorbereiding
vir die meerjarige wingerd daar te stel.
(In samewerking met Braham Oberholzer, Vin-
Pro-grondkundige).
Grondontledings
Chemiese regstellings, soos die uitstrooi van die
regte hoeveelheid kalk vir die regstel van die
grond se pH en fosforstatus, gaan gepaard met
grondvoorbereiding. In die meeste gevalle lei
grond wat bekalk is tot ’n pH van 6 tot ’n
betekenisvolle verhoging in wortelmassas van
onderstokke.
Grondprofiel-inspeksie
Die maak van profielgate vir grondklassifikasie
is nodig sodat beoordeel kan word watter bewerkingsmetode
nodig sal wees. Grondverskuiwingsmaatskappye
werk vandag baie nou saam
met grondkundiges en dring dikwels aan by
produsente dat grondkundiges eers gronde
moet besigtig of klassifiseer. Netjiese profielgate
Grondvoorbereiding / Soil preparation
The establishment of vineyard is a long-term,
capital-intensive decision, which will have an
effect on the producer for the next 20 years or
more. It is therefore critical that all aspects surrounding
the matter are thoroughly considered
before the decision is made or implemented.
The following procedures are recommended to
ensure once-off, correct soil preparation for the
perennial grapevine.
(In collaboration with Braham Oberholzer, VinPro
soil scientist).
Soil analyses
Chemical adjustments, for example the application
of the right amount of lime to adjust the
soil’s pH and phosphorus status, go hand in
hand with soil preparation. In most instances
soil that had been limed to a pH of 6 led to a
significant increase in the root mass of rootstocks.
Soil profile inspection
It is necessary to create profile pits for soil classification,
in order to determine the required
cultivation method. Nowadays there is excellent
collaboration between earthmovers and soil
scientists, the former often urging producers to
have a soil scientist view or classify the soil beforehand.
Neat profile pits up to a depth of

wat strek tot 1 500 mm en selfs dieper bied
goeie besluitneming.
Implementkeuse
Wieltrekkers is lankal nie meer die oplossing vir
diep grondbewerking nie, omdat kontak met die
grondoppervlak te min is, genoegsame krag op
die grond ontbreek en die wielglip moontlik grondkompaksie
bevorder. Kruiptrekkers is die enigste
kragbron wat suksesvol gebruik kan word, aan -
gesien dit meer krag na die grond verplaas met
minder kompaksie weens groter kontak tussen die
rusperbande en die grondoppervlak.
Tipe vermenging
Tans is die gebruik van slootgrawers, bekend as
spitdol, ’n gemaklike opsie om te oorweeg. Daar
is egter min gronde wat uitstekend gepas is tot
die gebruik van die spitdol; daarom word groot
masjiene eerder aanbeveel. Indien lae voorkom,
weens onder andere drastiese tekstuurverskille
(dupleksgronde), moet versigtig omgegaan word
met ’n slootgrawer wat lae vermeng, en sal ’n
skuifmengdol wat lae in posisie hou, beter gepas
wees.
’n Skeurploeg en skuifmengdol se aanvoorwydte
– die wydte tussen die implement se skare – moet
ook voor die tyd bepaal word, hoofsaaklik weens
koste-implikasies en die nodigheid daarvan. Indien
groot lense onversteurde grond tussen die
aanvoorwydtes vermy wil word, sal hierdie keuse
oordeelkundig gemaak moet word. Die lense kan
gewoonlik met ’n kruisaksie verklein word. Indien
daar tot dieptes van 900 mm bewerk word, moet
die aanvoor ⅔ wees – dus 600 mm.
Tydperk van grondvoorbereiding
Die tydperk van grondvoorbereiding is baie belangrik.
In té droë grond sal groot kluite, veral op
die oppervlakte, breek wat ’n ongewenste situasie
skep wanneer ingewerk word met dol-aksies.
Die grondklimaat is byvoorbeeld geskik vir
bewerking wanneer ’n balletjie grond gerol kan
word en met geringe druk uitmekaar val. Klimaat
en kalkbehoefte sal dan bepaal of die grond
gekruisdol moet word of slegs ’n enkele aksie
benodig. Die vorming van groot kluite kan beperk
word deur benatting van die grond vir vier
ure met sprinkelbesproeiing in die orde van ± 25
mm water en ’n toelating van 48 - 72 uur daarna
vir uitdroging.
1 500 mm and deeper are very good indicators
in decision-making.
Implement selection
Tractors are no longer suitable for deep soil
preparation, as their soil surface contact is insufficient,
there is not sufficient power available on
the soil and if used, slipping wheels could add
to soil compaction. Bulldozers are the only
source of power that can be used successfully,
as they displace more power to the soil with less
compaction due to the larger contact area of the
caterpillar tyres on the soil’s surface.
Type of mix
Currently the use of digger loaders, known as
“spit” delve, is a good option to consider. However,
there are not many soils that are totally
suited to the use of the “spit” delve; therefore
large machines are preferred. If layers occur due
to, inter alia, drastic differences in texture (duplex
soils), a digger loader should be used with
caution, since it mixes layers, and one would
prefer finger mix delve plough, which keeps layers
in position.
The furrow width – width between the ploughshares
– of a ripper needs to be determined well
in advance, mainly due to cost implications and
its necessity. If you want to avoid large lenses of
undisturbed soil between the furrow widths, this
will have to be a carefully considered decision.
Lenses can usually be reduced with a cross action.
If vines are planted up to a depth of 900
mm, the furrow should be ⅔ – in other words
600 mm.
Period of soil preparation
The period of soil preparation is of utmost importance.
In excessively dry soils, large clods will
break, especially on the surface, which creates
an undesirable situation when the soil is
trenched. The soil climate is, for example, most
optimal for cultivation when a ball of soil can be
rolled and falls apart with the slightest of pressure.
Climate and lime requirements will determine
whether the soil should be cross-delved or
alternatively require a single action. The formation
of large clods can be limited if the soil is
wetted for four hours with sprinkler irrigation at
± 25 mm water, followed by a drying period of
48 - 72 hours.
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 17

Opsomming
Die volgende moet te alle tye in gedagte gehou
word:
• Oormatige bewerking kan lei tot struktuurvernietiging
en die grond, wanneer droog, sal tot
poeierstof bewerk wees.
• Té wye aanvoorwydtes lei tot swak vermen ging
met groot onaangeraakte grondbanke/
lense.
• Die bewerkingsrigting moet korrek gekies word
met die oog op ondergrondse dreinering.
• Die grondklimaat moet korrek wees – ’n té
droë klimaat lei tot groot kluite en ’n té nat
klimaat smeer die ondergrond.
Gereelde evaluering van grondvoorbereiding is
essensieel. Dit beteken om gereeld profielgate
te maak (hou slootgrawer byderhand), sodat
vordering en kwaliteit deur kundiges beoordeel
kan word.
Koste van grondvoorbereiding
Die moontlike kostes van verskillende grondvoorbereidingsaksies
word in die volgende tabel
opgesom. Let daarop dat hierdie slegs riglyne is
en dat die kostes sal wissel afhangende van
grond tipe, implement-tipe en die spesifieke aksies
wat deur die produsent verlang word. Die
produsent moet verder self vervoerkostes in
berekening bring volgens sy/haar eie situasie.
TIPE BEWERKING
TYPE OF ACTION
Diep dolploeg (sonder rip): meng & skuif
Deep delve plough (without rip): mix & shift
Rip (maklike grond)
Rip (easy soil)
Rip (moeilike grond en terrein)
Rip (difficult terrain and soil)
Rip & kruismeng (rip)
Rip & cross mix
Rip & kruisdol
Rip & cross delve
Spitdol vol oppervlakte (slootgrawer)
Spit delve full area (diggerloader)
Spitdol net op rye en opert (slootgrawer)
Spit delve only on rows and ridging (diggerloader)
Op-erd (slootgrawer)
Ridging (diggerloader)
Ontbossing (slootgrawer)
Deforestation (diggerloader)
Wingerd uitrip met vlerk
Remove vines with wing
Dieselverbruik vir stootskraper
Diesel usage for bulldozer
Dieselverbruik vir slootgrawer
Diesel usage for diggerloader
18 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Summary
The following should be kept in mind at all
times:
• Excessive tillage can result in destruction of
the structure and the soil, when dry, will have
been tilled to a powdery matter.
• Excessively wide furrow widths result in poor
mixing with large untouched soil banks/
lenses.
• Cultivation row should be selected correctly
with a view to drain the subsoil.
• The soil climate should be correct – a too dry
climate will lead to large clods and a too wet
climate will smear the subsoil.
Regular evaluation of soil preparation is essential.
That means creating regular profile pits
(keep trencher handy), so that progress and
quality may be judged by the experts.
Cost of soil preparation
The potential costs of certain soil preparation
actions are summarised in the following table.
Please note that these are only guidelines and
that the actual costs will differ depending on soil
type, implement type and the specific actions
required by the producer. Furthermore, the producer
must calculate the transport cost according
to his/her own situation.
DROë KOSTE
DRY COSTS (R / HA)
9 500 - 13 500
6 000 - 10 000
10 000 - 14 000
14 500 - 19 000
14 500 - 19 000
14 000 - 17 000
7 000 - 9 000
4 000 - 6 000
4 000 - 6 000
2 500 - 4 500
± 45% van droë koste
± 45% of dry cost
± 35% van droë koste
± 35% of dry cost

Koste van prieelstelsels / Cost of trellis systems
Die koste van prieelstelsels word bereken deur
die nuutste pryse (BTW uitgesluit) vanaf verskeie
verskaffers van pale, draad en ander materiaal
te verkry. Die gemiddelde pryse word in ’n teoretiese
model ingevoeg om die koste van verskillende
prieelstelsels met verskillende paallengtes,
paalspasiërings, ens te bepaal. Dit bly dus teoretiese
bedrae en kan van werklike kostes verskil.
Vir ’n meer akkurate kosteberekening van
prieelstelselkoste, kontak die samesteller.
Vir vertikale prieelstelsels is die pale in 6 mvakke
geplant en vir die alternatiewe stelsels is
die vakke 7.5 m. Kontak die samesteller gerus
om u unieke prieelstelselkoste te bepaal met
verskillende vaklengtes, paallengtes en -diktes.
Daar mag soms verwarring voorkom tussen die
benamings en konstruksies van verskillende
vertikale prieelstelsels. Ten einde enige verwarring
uit te skakel word ’n skematiese voorstelling
van die stelsels voorsien met die voorgestelde
benamings en afkortings tussen hakies (Archer
et al, 1992).
Bron / Source: Archer et al, 1992.
Loofdraad / Foliage wire
Kordondraad / Cordon wire
The cost of a trellis system is calculated by obtaining
the latest prices (VAT excluded) for the
poles, wire and other materials from a number of
suppliers. These prices are entered into a theoretical
model to calculate the cost of various
trellis systems with different pole lengths, pole
spacing, etc. These are therefore theoretical
costs and may differ from actual costs. For a
more accurate cost calculation of different trellis
systems, please contact the compiler.
For the vertical trellis systems a pole spacing of
6 m is used and 7.5 m for alternative trellis systems.
Feel free to contact the compiler to calculate
your unique trellis system cost with different
pole types and spacing.
There may be some confusion regarding the
names and constructions of different vertical
trellis systems. To eliminate any confusion, a
schematic representation of the systems is provided,
with their names and abbreviations in
brackets (Archer et al, 1992).
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 19

VERTIKALE PRIEELSTELSELS / VERTICAL TRELLIS SYSTEMS
Ryspasiëring / Row spacing (m)
Paal
Pole
Stelsel
System
1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.75 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3
Eendraad heining
1.2 m (50 -75) 18 406 6 480 16 470 15 539 14 273 14 202 13 004 13 363 12 055 11 426 11 746 11 397 10 477 10 156 9 836 9 528
One-strand hedge
Tweedraad heining
1.2 m (50 -75) 19 215 18 168 17 475 16 428 15 735 15 029 14 335 13 982 13 289 12 595 12 242 11 889 11 549 11 196 10 843 10 502
Two-strand hedge
Driedraad heining
2.1 m (75 - 100) 55 307 52 292 50 298 47 284 45 290 43 249 41 255 40 235 38 241 36 247 35 226 34 206 33 232 32 212 31 192 30 218
Three-strand hedge
Vierdraad heining
2.1 m (75 - 100) 57 093 53 981 51 922 48 810 46 751 44 646 42 586 41 534 39 475 37 416 36 363 35 310 34 304 33 251 32 198 31 192
Four-strand hedge
Vyfdraad heining
2.4 m (50 - 75) 48 763 46 110 44 352 41 699 39 941 38 151 36 393 35 499 33 741 32 846 31 088 30 193 29 330 28 435 27 540 26 677
Five-strand hedge
Perold 1.8 m (100 - 125) 58 153 54 983 52 887 49 717 47 620 45 474 43 378 42 304 40 208 38 111 37 038 35 965 34 941 33 868 32 795 31 772
20 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Dubbel Perold
1.8 m (100 - 125) 60 785 57 471 55 279 51 966 49 774 47 531 45 339 44 218 42 026 39 834 38 713 37 592 36 520 35 399 34 278 33 207
Double Perold
Skuifbare Perold
2.1 m (100 - 125) 75 264 71 161 68 447 64 344 61 630 58 849 56 136 54 746 52 032 49 319 47 929 46 538 45 215 43 825 42 434 41 112
Movable Perold
Vierdraad verlengde Peold
2.1 m (125 - 150) 85 127 80 485 77 417 72 775 69 707 66 558 63 490 61 916 58 848 55 780 54 206 52 632 51 138 49 564 47 989 46 496
Four-strand extended Perold
Vyfdraad verlengde Perold
2.1 m (125 - 150) 85 489 80 829 77 749 73 089 70 010 66 849 63 769 62 189 59 110 56 030 54 450 52 869 51 370 49 790 48 210 46 710
Five-strand extended Perold
Vyfdraad skuifbare verlengde Perold
2.1 m (100 - 125) 76 242 72 087 69 340 65 185 62 437 59 622 56 875 55 467 52 719 49 972 48 564 47 157 45 817 44 409 43 002 41 662
Movable five-strand extended Perold
Sesdraad verlengde Perold
2.4 m (100 - 125) 77 978 73 728 70 918 66 668 63 858 60 979 58 169 56 729 53 919 51 109 49 669 48 229 46 859 45 419 43 979 42 609
Six-strand extended Perold
Vyfdraad verlengde dubbel perold
2.1 m (100 - 125) 77 088 72 886 70 108 65 907 63 129 60 283 57 505 56 082 53 304 50 525 49 102 47 679 46 324 44 901 43 478 42 123
Five-strand extended double Perold
Sesdraad dubbel verlengde perold
2.4 m (100 - 125) 81 363 76 928 73 995 69 561 66 628 63 625 60 692 59 191 56 258 53 325 51 823 50 322 48 890 47 389 45 887 44 456
Six-strand double extended Perold
Vyfdraad dubbel verlengde Perold
2.4 m (100 - 125) 79 577 75 240 72 372 68 035 65 167 62 229 59 361 57 892 55 024 52 155 50 687 49 218 47 818 46 350 44 881 43 481
Five-strand double extended Perold
Sesdraad verlengde dubbel perold
2.4 m (100 - 125) 82 208 77 728 74 764 70 283 67 320 64 286 61 322 59 805 56 842 53 878 52 361 50 844 49 397 47 881 46 364 44 917
Six-strand extended double Perold
Sewedraad verlengde dubbel perold
2.7 m (100 - 125) 93 575 88 474 85 100 79 999 76 625 73 171 69 797 68 070 64 696 61 322 59 595 57 868 56 221 54 494 52 767 51 120
Seven-strand extended double Perold
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde perold
2.7 m (100 - 125) 92 729 87 674 84 331 79 276 75 933 72 510 69 167 67 455 64 112 60 769 59 057 57 346 55 714 54 002 52 291 50 659
Seven-strand double extended Perold
Smart Dyson 2.4 m (100 - 125) – – – – – – 60 692 59 191 56 258 53 325 51 823 50 322 48 890 47 389 45 887 44 456
1.8 m (100 - 125) – – – – – – 39 484 38 505 36 599 34 692 33 714 32 736 31 807 30 829 29 851 28 923
Meganiese stelsel (high wire)
Mechanical trellis (high wire)

ALTERNATIEWE PRIEELSTELSELS / ALTERNATIVE TRELLIS SYSTEMS
Stelsel
System
Skuinskap – 1.5 m kappaal
Slanting trellis – 1.5 m slanting pole
Skuinskap – 1.8 m kappaal
Slanting trellis – 1.8 m slanting pole
Gewelstelsel – 2.1 m paal
Gable system – 2.1 m pole
Fabrieksdak – 2.1 m paal
Factory roof – 2.1 m pole
U-stelsel
U-system
Draadgewel
Wire gable
Lierstelsel
Lyre system
Scott Henry
Grobbelaar
T-kap
T-system
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Eendraad heining (1H)
One-strand hedge (1H)
Eendraad heining (1H)
One-strand hedge (1H)
Tweedraad heining (2H)
Two-strand hedge (2H)
Tweedraad heining (2H)
Two-strand hedge (2H)
Driedraad heining (3H)
Three-strand hedge (3H)
Driedraad heining (3H)
Three-strand hedge (3H)
Driedraad heining (3H)
Three-strand hedge (3H)
Vierdraad heining (4H)
Four-strand hedge (4H)
Vierdraad heining (4H)
Four-strand hedge (4H)
Vierdraad heining (4H)
Four-strand hedge (4H)
Vierdraad heining (4H)
Four-strand hedge (4H)
Vyfdraad heining (5H)
Five-strand hedge (5H)
Vyfdraad heining (5H)
Five-strand hedge (5H)
Paal
Pole
14 Perold (P) 33
15 Perold (P) 34
16 Perold (P) 35
17 Perold (P) 36
18 Perold (P) 37
19
Skuifbare Perold (SP)
Movable Perold (MP)
Ryspasiëring / Row spacing (m)
2.1 2.5 2.75 3 3.3
2.4 m (50 - 75) – – 42 033 37 519 34 122
2.4 m (50 - 75) – – 46 461 42 601 38 742
2.1 m (75 - 100) – – 67 940 62 483 56 746
2.1 m (75 - 100) – – 56 040 50 235 46 709
2.1 m (75 - 100) – – - 72 348 63 876
2.1 m (50 - 75) – – 52 703 – –
2.4 m (100 - 125) – – – 84 847 –
2.7 m (75 - 100) 56 926 48 490 43 641 40 017 36 392
2.1 m (75 - 100) – 61 620 57 027 52 433 50 196
2.4 m (75 - 100) 58 187 53 850 49 513 47 401
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
38
Vierdraad verlengde Perold (4VP)
Four-strand lengthened Perold (4LP)
Vierdraad verlengde Perold (4VP)
Four-strand lengthened Perold (4LP)
Omgekeerde verlengde Perold (OVP)
Inverted lengthened Perold (ILP)
Vyfdraad verlengde Perold (5VP)
Five-strand lengthened Perold (5LP)
Skuifbare Vyfdraad verlengde Perold (S5VP)
Movable five-strand lengthened Perold (M5LP)
Skuifbare Vyfdraad verlengde Perold (S5VP)
Movable five-strand lengthened Perold (M5LP)
Sesdraad verlengde Perold (6VP)
Six-strand lengthened Perold (6LP)
Vyfdraad dubbel verlengde Perold (5DVP)
Five-strand double lengthened Perold (5DLP)
Sesdraad dubbel verlengde Perold (6DVP)
Six-strand double lengthened Perold (6DLP)
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde Perold (7DVP)
Seven-strand double lengthened Perold (7DLP)
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde Perold (7DVP)
Seven-strand double lengthened Perold (7DLP)
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde Perold (7DVP)
Seven-strand double lengthened Perold (7DLP)
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde Perold (7DVP)
Seven-strand double lengthened Perold (7DLP)
Sewedraad dubbel verlengde Perold (7DVP)
Seven-strand double lengthened Perold (7DLP)
Dubbel Perold (DP)
Double Perold (DP)
Vyfdraad verlengde dubbel Perold (5VDP)
Five-strand lengthened double Perold (5LDP)
Sesdraad verlengde dubbel Perold (6VDP)
Six-strand lengthened double Perold (6LDP)
Sewedraad verlengde dubbel Perold (7VDP)
Seven-strand lengthened double Perold (7LDP)
Dubbel verlengde dubbel Perold (DVDP)
Double lengthened double Perold (DLDP)
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 21

Ongeveer 54% van die totale wyndruif wingerdstand
van Suid-Afrika word tans deur middel van
drupbesproeiing besproei. Ander vorms van
besproeiing (droëland ingesluit) het drasties afgeneem
sedert 1996.
Die koste van verskillende besproeiingstelsels
word saamgevat in die meegaande tabel. Hierdie
algemene riglyne sluit slegs die bogrondse
materiaal en sublyne (wat sal wissel tussen verskillende
blokuitlegte) in die blok in.
22 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Besproeiing / Irrigation
KOSTE VAN BESPROEIINGSTELSELS / COST OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Stelsel
System
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Drup 0.6 m Gekompenseerd
Drip 0.6 m Compensated
Drup 0.6 m Nie-gekompenseerd
Drip 0.6 m Non-compensated
Drup 0.75 m Gekompenseerd
Drip 0.75 m Compensated
Drup 0.75 m Nie-gekompenseerd
Drip 0.75 m Non-compensated
Drup 1.0 m Gekompenseerd
Drip 1.0 m Compensated
Drup 1.0 m Nie-gekompenseerd
Drip 1.0 m Non-compensated
Mikro (straalspuit) – direk op poli-pyp
Micro (jet spray) – directly on poly-pipe
Mikro (roteerder) – op pen met sagte pypie
Micro (rotate) – on pen with soft pipe
Permanente sprinkel (12 m x 12.5 m)
Permanent sprinklers (12 m x 12.5 m)
Besproeiingstipes / Irrigation types
Approximately 54% of the total area under wine
grape vineyards currently receives drip irrigation.
Other forms of irrigation (dryland included) have
decreased drastically since 1996.
The cost of various irrigation systems are seen
in the accompanying table. These general guidelines
only include the material installed above the
soil, as well as sub-pipelines (which will differ in
various block layouts) in the block.
Ander / Other Drup / Drip Geen / None Mikro / Micro Sprinkel / Sprinkler Vloed / Flood
1996 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Ryspasiëring / Row spacing (m)
1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40 2.50 2.60 2.75 3.00 3.30
27 198 25 714 24 725 23 242 22 253 21 264 20 275 19 780 18 791 17 802 16 319 14 835
17 166 16 230 15 606 14 669 14 045 13 421 12 797 12 484 11 860 11 236 10 300 9 363
24 439 23 106 22 217 20 884 19 995 19 107 18 218 17 774 16 885 15 996 14 663 13 330
15 967 15 096 14 515 13 644 13 064 12 483 11 902 11 612 11 031 10 451 9 580 8 709
21 679 20 497 19 709 18 526 17 738 16 949 16 161 15 767 14 979 14 190 13 008 11 825
15 367 14 529 13 970 13 132 12 573 12 014 11 455 11 176 10 617 10 058 9 220 8 382
28 651 27 088 26 046 24 484 23 442 22 400 21 358 20 837 19 795 18 753 17 191 15 628
32 952 31 154 29 956 28 159 26 961 25 762 24 564 23 965 22 767 21 568 19 771 17 974
17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000 17 000

AANTAL STOKKE PER HEKTAAR / VINES PER HECTARE
Plantafstand in ry (m)
Plant distance in row (m)
Ryspasiëring / Row spacing (m)
1.80 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.40 2.50 2.75 2.80 3.00 3.30
1.00 5 500 5 200 5 000 4 700 4 100 4 000 3 600 3 500 3 300 3 000
1.20 4 583 4 333 4 167 3 917 3 417 3 333 3 000 2 917 2 750 2 500
1.50 3 667 3 467 3 333 3 133 2 733 2 667 2 400 2 333 2 200 2 000
1.80 3 056 2 889 2 778 2 611 2 278 2 222 2 000 1 944 1 833 1 667
2.00 2 750 2 600 2 500 2 350 2 050 2 000 1 800 1 750 1 650 1 500
Ryspasiëring (m)
Row spacing (m)
Aantal rye / ha
Rows / ha
1.80 55
1.90 52
2.00 50
2.10 47
2.40 41
2.50 40
2.75 36
2.80 35
3.00 33
3.30 30
Ander nuttige inligting / Other useful information
STOKKIEPRYSE (SLEGS RIGLYNE) /
VINE PRICES (ONLY GUIDELINES)
Standaard wit en rooi op P1103, R110, R99
Standard white and red on P1103, R110, R99
Standaard wit en rooi op 101-14, SO4, Rug140
Standard white and red on 101-14, S04, Rug140
Colombar, Chardonnay, Semillon, SA Riesling, Shiraz,
Pinot Noir, Muskadel op Ramsey, 101/14
Colombar, Chardonnay, Semillon, SA Riesling, Shiraz,
Pinot Noir, Muskadel on Ramsey, 101/14
Standaard wit en rooi op Ramsey, 143B
Standard white and red on Ramsey, 143B
Standaard wit en rooi op US8-7
Standard white and red on US8-7
Sultana op Ramsey
Sultana on Ramsey
Makstok
Rooted scion
Koste van meganisasie / Cost of mechanisation
Hierdie kosteriglyne help produsente om die
loopkoste van sekere wingerdmasjinerie te bepaal.
Dit kan ook gebruik word om te bepaal of
sekere implemente vervang moet word of nie.
Die besit en gebruik van enige implement gaan
gepaard met ’n koste. Hierdie koste bestaan uit
twee komponente, naamlik veranderlike koste
en vaste koste. Die vaste koste bly onveranderd,
of die masjien gebruik word al dan nie. Vaste
koste sluit rente (geleentheidskoste), waardevermindering,
versekering en lisensiëring in.
Die veranderlike koste word bepaal deur die
aantal ure wat die masjien/implement gebruik
word deur die jaar. Dit sluit brandstof, herstelwerk,
onderhoud en bande in.
(Per stokkie /
Per vine)
9.10
9.50
11.00
10.80
11.00
15.70
6.00
These guidelines assist producers in determining
the running cost of machinery working in the
vineyards. It can also be used to determine
whether a specific implement needs replacement.
The ownership and use of any implement or
machine involves a cost to the producer. This
cost consists of two components, namely fixed
cost and variable cost. The fixed cost relates to
ownership of the machine, whether it is used or
not. This includes depreciation, licensing and
insurance, as well as an interest component (opportunity
cost).
The variable cost is mainly determined by the
total number of hours the implement is used
throughout the year. This includes fuel, repair,
maintenance and tyres.
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 23

Dit is onmoontlik om die loopkoste 100% akkuraat
te bepaal, maar die volgende metodiek
word redelik algemeen gebruik. Dit sluit sekere
aannames in wat in samewerking met handelaars
aangepas is en die loopkoste meer toepaslik
maak tot die wynbedryf.
Operateurs word nie in berekening gebring nie
en produsente moet self daardie komponent
bybring. Alle kostes is uitgedruk in rand per uur
(uitgesluit bakkies en vragmotors). Indien die
koste per hektaar benodig word, kan die volgende
formule gebruik word:
rand per hektaar =
(koste in rand per uur) ÷
(hoeveelheid hektaar per uur bewerk)
Waardevermindering:
Depreciation:
Versekering & lisensie:
Licence & insurance:
Rentekoste:
Interest cost:
Herstel & onderhoud:
Repair & maintenance:
Brandstof:
Fuel:
24 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Metodiek / Methodology
It is not possible to calculate the running cost of
implements 100% accurately; however the following
methodology is commonly used. It includes
certain assumptions which have been
modified, in collaboration with dealerships, to be
more suited to the wine industry.
Operators are not included in the running cost
– it is up to producers to include this cost. All
costs are in rand per hour (except trucks and
pick-ups). If the cost per hectare is required, the
following equation can be used:
(Aankoopwaarde - skrootwaarde) ÷ leeftyd
(Purchase value - salvage value) ÷ lifetime
1 % van gemiddelde belegging ÷ ure per jaar
1 % of average investment ÷ hours per annum
8 % van gemiddelde belegging
8 % of average investment
Spesifieke % van aankoopprys ÷ leeftyd
Specific % of purchase value ÷ leeftyd
Bereken met dieselprys van R10,30
Calculated with diesel price of R10,30
rand per hectare =
(cost in rand per hour) ÷
(hectares per hour cultivated)

4 X 2 TREKKER / TRACTOR
Totale loopkoste /
Total running cost
Totale veranderlike koste /
Total variable cost
Brandstof / Fuel
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Totale
vaste koste
Total
fixed cost
Rente
Interest
Versekering
& lisensie
Licence &
insurance
Depresiasie
Depreciation
Aankoopprys
Purchase
value
kW
kW
pK
hP
Rand R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
43 32 191 520 14 1 8 24 13 46 52 59 59 65 72 83 89 96
52 39 233 415 18 1 10 29 16 56 63 72 72 79 88 101 108 117
55 41 241 080 18 1 11 30 16 59 67 76 75 83 92 105 113 122
60 45 241 579 18 1 11 30 16 65 73 83 81 89 100 111 119 130
63 47 252 316 19 1 11 31 17 68 76 87 85 93 104 116 124 135
68 51 271 801 20 1 12 34 18 74 83 95 92 101 113 126 135 147
71 53 282 460 21 2 12 35 19 76 86 98 95 105 117 130 140 152
75 56 304 157 23 2 13 38 20 81 91 104 101 111 124 139 149 162
82 61 331 314 25 2 15 41 22 88 99 113 110 121 135 151 162 176
84 63 339 288 25 2 15 42 23 91 102 117 113 125 139 156 167 182
92 69 371 601 28 2 16 46 25 99 112 128 124 137 153 171 183 199
95 71 382 372 29 2 17 48 25 102 115 132 128 141 157 175 188 205
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 25

4 X 4 TREKKER / TRACTOR
Totale loopkoste /
Total running cost
Totale veranderlike koste /
Total variable cost
Brandstof / Fuel
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Vol krag
High
power
Med krag
Med
power
Lae krag
Low
power
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Totale
vaste koste
Total
fixed cost
Rente
Interest
Versekering
& lisensie
Licence &
insurance
Depresiasie
Depreciation
Aankoopprys
Purchase
value
kW
kW
pK
hP
Rand R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
55 41 266 539 20 1 12 33 18 59 67 76 77 84 94 110 117 127
60 45 268 902 20 1 12 33 18 65 73 83 83 91 101 116 124 135
63 47 280 853 21 2 12 35 19 68 76 87 86 95 106 121 130 141
68 51 308 669 23 2 14 38 21 74 83 95 94 103 115 133 142 154
26 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
71 53 320 774 24 2 14 40 21 76 86 98 98 107 120 138 147 160
75 56 341 211 26 2 15 42 23 81 91 104 103 114 127 146 156 169
82 61 371 676 28 2 16 46 25 88 99 113 113 124 138 159 170 184
84 63 412 100 31 2 18 51 27 91 102 117 118 130 144 170 181 196
92 69 451 347 34 2 20 56 30 99 112 128 130 142 158 186 198 214
95 71 464 430 35 3 20 58 31 102 115 132 133 146 163 191 204 220

SELFAANGEDREWE PARSMASJIEN / SELF-PROPELLED HARVESTER
Aankoopprys / Purchase price: R 2 100 000
Tonne Jaarlikse Waarde- Versekering
Totale vaste Herstel &
Veranderlike Totale
gepars gebruik vermindering & lisensie Rente koste onderhoud Brandstof koste koste
Tons Annual Depre- Licence & Interest Total fixed Repair & Fuel Variable Total
harvest usage ciation insurance
cost maintenance
cost cost
Ton h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
1000 100 378 116 924 1 418 147 155 302 1 719
1250 125 378 92 739 1 210 147 155 302 1 511
1500 150 378 77 616 1 071 147 155 302 1 373
1750 175 378 66 528 972 147 155 302 1 274
2000 200 378 58 462 898 147 155 302 1 199
2250 225 378 51 411 840 147 155 302 1 142
2500 250 378 46 370 794 147 155 302 1 095
2750 275 378 42 336 756 147 155 302 1 058
3500 350 378 33 264 675 147 155 302 977
4000 400 378 29 231 638 147 155 302 939
SLEEP PARSMASJIEN / TRAILED HARVESTER
Purchase value: R 1 050 000
Tonne
gepars
Tons
harvest
Jaarlikse
gebruik
Annual
usage
Waardevermindering
Depreciation
Versekering
& lisensie
Licence &
insurance
Rente
Interest
Totale vaste
koste
Total fixed
cost
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Veranderlike
koste
Variable
cost
Totale
koste
Total
cost
Ton h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
500 71 189 81 647 917 74 74 990
750 107 189 54 431 674 74 74 748
1000 143 189 40 323 553 74 74 626
1250 179 189 32 259 480 74 74 554
1500 214 189 27 216 432 74 74 505
1750 250 189 23 185 397 74 74 470
2000 286 189 20 162 371 74 74 444
2200 314 189 18 147 354 74 74 428
2400 343 189 17 135 341 74 74 414
3000 429 189 13 108 310 74 74 384
SPUITPOMPE / SPRAYPUMPS
Model
Aankoopprys
Purchase
value
Jaarlikse
gebruik
Annual
usage
Waardevermindering
Depreciation
Rente
Interest
Totale vaste
koste
Total fixed
cost
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Totale koste
sonder rente
Total cost
excl. interest
Totale
koste
Total
cost
R h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
Bankiespuit / Berm sprayer 21 000 280 13 3 16 5 18 21
Onkruidspuit / Weed sprayer 26 250 280 16 4 20 6 22 26
Blower 95 000 280 57 15 72 22 79 94
Nozzle 1 ry / row 105 000 280 63 17 80 25 88 104
Nozzle 2 ry / row 173 250 280 104 27 131 40 144 172
Nozzle 3 ry / row 195 000 280 117 31 148 46 163 193
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 27

SLEEPWAENS / TRAILERS
Model
2-wiel / 2-wheel
2 ton
2-wiel / 2-wheel
4 ton
2-wiel / 2-wheel
6 ton
4-wiel / 4-wheel
6 ton
4-wiel / 4-wheel
8 ton
4-wiel / 4-wheel
10 ton
Lugremme /
Air brakes 10 ton
Lugremme /
Air brakes 15 ton
Aankoopprys
Purchase
value
Jaarlikse
gebruik
Annual
usage
28 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
Waardevermindering
Depreciation
Rente
Interest
Versekering
&
lisensie
Licence &
insurance
Totale vaste
koste
Total fixed
cost
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Bande
Tyres
Veranderlike
koste
Variable
cost
Totale
koste
Total
cost
R h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
36 750 500 3.31 3.23 2.61 9.15 1.47 0.35 1.82 10.98
40 425 500 3.64 3.56 2.68 9.88 1.62 0.57 2.19 12.06
43 732 500 3.94 3.85 2.75 10.53 1.75 0.57 2.32 12.85
63 000 500 5.67 5.54 3.13 14.35 2.52 1.14 3.66 18.00
65 000 500 5.85 5.72 3.17 14.74 2.60 1.14 3.74 18.48
84 000 500 7.56 7.39 3.55 18.51 3.36 2.70 6.06 24.57
110 000 500 9.90 9.68 4.07 23.65 4.40 3.66 8.06 31.71
143 000 500 12.87 12.58 4.73 30.19 5.72 3.66 9.38 39.57
ANDER IMPLEMENTE / OTHER IMPLEMENTS
Model
Top masjien (1 ry) /
Trimmer ( 1 row)
Ontblaarder /
Leaf remover
Aankoopprys
Purchase
value
Jaarlikse
gebruik
Annual
usage
Waardevermindering
Depreciation
Rente
Interest
Totale vaste
koste
Total fixed
cost
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Totale koste
sonder rente
Total cost
excl.
interest
Totale
koste
Total
cost
R h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h R / h
115 000 200 69 25 94 27 96 121
95 000 200 57 21 78 22 79 100
Mulching 85 000 200 51 19 70 20 71 90
Bankieskoffel /
Mechanical weeders
100 000 200 60 22 82 23 83 105
Krag eg / Power plow 95 000 200 86 21 106 33 119 140
Bossieslaner / Slasher 20 000 200 18 4 22 7 25 29
Snoeimasjien (1 ry) /
Pruner (1 row)
Snoeimasjien (halwe ry) /
Pruner (half row)
250 000 200 150 55 205 58 208 263
175 000 200 105 39 144 41 146 184

BAKKIES / PICK UPS
Totale koste
(Brandstof uitgesluit)
Total cost
(Fuel excluded)
Herstel &
onderhoud
Repair &
maintenance
Totale
vaste koste
Total
fixed cost
Rente
Interest
Versekering
& lisensie
Licence &
insurance
Waardevermindering
Depreciation
Leeftyd
Life
Jaarlikse
gebruik
Annual
usage
Aankoop prys
BTW uitgesluit
Purchase price
VAT excluded
Model
R km km R / km R / km R / km R / km R / km R / km
Isuzu
KB 250 LWB 163 228 20 000 160 000 0.92 0.27 0.36 1.55 0.87 2.41
KB 250 LWB Fleetside A/C 174 064 20 000 160 000 0.98 0.29 0.38 1.65 0.92 2.57
KB 250 D-TEQ 4X4 LWB Fleetside 243 552 20 000 160 000 1.37 0.40 0.54 2.31 1.29 3.60
KB 300 D-TEQ LWB LE 247 594 20 000 160 000 1.39 0.41 0.54 2.35 1.32 3.66
Toyota
2.5 D-4D S 179 998 20 000 160 000 1.01 0.30 0.40 1.71 0.96 2.66
2.5 D-4D SRX 213 538 20 000 160 000 1.20 0.35 0.47 2.02 1.13 3.16
2.5 D-4D SRX 4X4 256 022 20 000 160 000 1.44 0.42 0.56 2.43 1.36 3.79
3.0 D-4D 254 130 20 000 160 000 1.43 0.42 0.56 2.41 1.35 3.76
Land Cruiser 365 586 20 000 160 000 2.06 0.60 0.80 3.46 1.94 5.41
Ford
2.2 MP XL LR 5MT Diesel 179 585 20 000 160 000 1.01 0.30 0.40 1.70 0.95 2.66
2.2 MP XL HR 5MT Diesel 190 051 20 000 160 000 1.07 0.31 0.42 1.80 1.01 2.81
2.2 110KW XLS HR 6MT Diesel 225 165 20 000 160 000 1.27 0.37 0.50 2.13 1.20 3.33
2.2 HP XLS 4X4 6MT Diesel 264 029 20 000 160 000 1.49 0.44 0.58 2.50 1.40 3.90
Nissan
Navara 2.5dCi 4X2 XE K/K 264 880 20 000 160 000 1.49 0.44 0.58 2.51 1.41 3.92
NP300 Workhorse 2.5 TDi LWB 4X2 162 884 20 000 160 000 0.92 0.27 0.36 1.54 0.87 2.41
NP300 Workhorse 2.5 TDi LWB 4X4 226 180 20 000 160 000 1.27 0.37 0.50 2.14 1.20 3.34
NP300 Hi-Rider 2.5TDi 4X2 202 014 20 000 160 000 1.14 0.33 0.44 1.91 1.07 2.99
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 29

VRAGMOTORS / TRUCKS
Aankoop Jaarlikse
Versekering
Totale
Waarde-
Brandstof / Fuel Herstel & Veranderlike Totale
prys gebruik Leeftyd
& lisensie Rente vaste koste
onderhoud koste koste
vermindering
Purchase Annual Life
Licence & Interest Total
Depreciation
Verbuik Koste Repair & Variable Total
price usage
insurance
fixed cost Consumption Cost maintenance cost cost
R km km R / km R / km R / km R / km km / L R / km R / km R / km R / km
Model
Enkel dryf-as /
Single differential
3.5 Ton (67 kW) 262 827 300 000 300 000 0.79 0.25 0.33 1.37 6.67 1.54 0.74 2.29 3.66
5 Ton (78 kW) 362 490 300 000 300 000 1.09 0.34 0.46 1.88 6.67 1.54 1.03 2.57 4.46
6 Ton (104 kW) 395 823 350 000 350 000 1.02 0.33 0.44 1.78 4.55 2.26 0.96 3.23 5.00
8 Ton (129 kW) 480 000 350 000 350 000 1.23 0.26 0.35 1.85 3.57 2.89 1.17 4.05 5.90
30 • VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE
10 Ton (147 kW) 540 000 350 000 350 000 1.39 0.30 0.40 2.08 3.45 2.99 1.31 4.30 6.38
Dubbel dryf-as /
Double differential
14 Ton (169 kW) 1 150 000 700 000 700 000 1.48 0.54 0.72 2.74 2.00 5.15 1.40 6.55 9.29
Dubbel dryf-perd /
Double differential horse
25 Ton (400 kW) 1 530 000 700 000 700 000 1.97 0.72 0.96 3.65 2.00 5.15 1.86 7.01 10.66

Notas / Notes
VINPRO KOSTEGIDS / COST GUIDE • 31
VR GRAPHICS • TEL 021 863 3165

Villa Crop Protection bied:
‘n Omvattende reeks produkte vir
plaagbeheer op druiwe
Kwaliteit en betroubaarheid
‘n Reeks eksklusiewe produkte -
beskikbaar deur Terason
‘n Wye reeks kommoditeitsprodukte
teen kompeterende pryse
Uitstekende tegniese ondersteuning
“Deur die handelaar, vir die handelaar”
vir produkinligting, besoek www.villacrop.co.za
Terason bied:
waarde-toevoegende
gewas-oplossings aan die
vooruitstrewende wyndruiwe
produsent
besoek www.terason.co.za

VinPro kontakbesonderhede / VinPro contact details
E-pos
E-mail
Sel
Cell
Telefoon
Telephone
Streek
Region
Afdeling
Service
Persoon
Person
021 807 3303 083 309 7627 viljoenf@vinpro.co.za
Bestuurder
Manager
Francois Viljoen
Breedekloof 023 347 1566 083 455 5194 leon@vinpro.co.za
Leon Dippenaar
Paarl 021 807 3069 082 890 7446 viljoenj@vinpro.co.za
Johan Viljoen
Worcester 023 347 1566 083 455 5191 pierre@vinpro.co.za
Pierre Snyman
Robertson 023 626 3017 083 455 5193 henniev@vinpro.co.za
Hennie Visser
Klein Karoo 023 626 3017 082 922 9547 melletj@vinpro.co.za
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Johannes Mellet
Stellenbosch 021 807 3098 082 804 0422 conrad@vinpro.co.za
Conrad Schutte
027 213 5837 083 455 5190 joubertj@vinpro.co.za
Wingerdkundige
Viticulturist
Jeff Joubert
021 807 3043 072 070 3194 brahamo@vinpro.co.za
Grondkundige
Soil scientist
Braham Oberholzer
021 807 3445 083 480 2686 heinrich@vinpro.co.za
Grondkundige / GIS
Soil scientist / GIS
Heinrich Schloms
021 807 3304 082 714 1999 johang@vinpro.co.za
SEB Adviesdiens
BEE Advisory Service
Johan Giliomee
023 347 1566 083 290 5479 vanwykg@vinpro.co.za
Olifantsrivier
Olifants River
Alle streke
All regions
Alle streke
All regions
Alle streke
All regions
Alle streke
All regions
Landbou-ekonoom
Agro-economist
Gert van Wyk
021 807 3237 083 561 9465 pieter@vinpro.co.za
Alle streke
All regions
Landbou-ekonoom
Agro-economist
Pieter van Niekerk