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Natural Rubber Research, 24(1): 106-116, 2011 PERFORMANCE OF SOME HEVEA CLONES UNDER THE CHANGING CLIMATE OF SUB-HIMALAYAN WEST BENGAL Gitali Das, R. S. Singh 1 , S. Meti 2 and D. Chaudhuri 3 Rubber Research Institute of India, Rubber Board, RES, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India 1. Rajendra Prasad Agriculture University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, India 2. Rubber Research Institute of India, Rubber Board, Kottayam, Kerala, India 3. Rubber Research Institute of India, Rubber Board, RRS, Guwahati, India Received: 26 January 2011 Accepted: 24 April 2011 Das, G., Singh, R. S., Meti, S. and Chaudhuri, D. (2011). Performance of some Hevea clones under the changing climate of sub-Himalayan West Bengal. Natural Rubber Research, 24 (1): 106-116. Twenty years weather data taken at RES, Nagrakata was analyzed to estimate whether there was any change in weather attributes in this part of India. Successive averages of ten years data (moving average) over a stretch of twenty years meteorological attributes indicated an increasing trend in minimum (Tmin) and maximum (Tmax) temperature and relative humidity (RH) in the morning. This may make this region more suitable for rubber cultivation. A clone trial was initiated in 1991 in this region with ten clones along with a check clone RRIM 600. The girth increment (GI) and weather data were grouped into non-winter (NW - April to September) and winter (W - October to March) periods in order to understand the effect of two contrasting weather on growth or rubber. In general, the Tmax during NW period was higher than the W period. Similarly, Tmin during NW was almost double the temperature during W period indicating a cooler weather during W period than that of the NW period. The girth increment (GI) during NW was significantly higher than the W period at immature (3-5 yr), juvenile (6-8 yr) and early mature stage (9-11 yr) stage indicating effect of weather on growth ofrubber. Data on the dry rubber yield showed that none of the clones was superior to the check clone RRIM 600. In terms of yield, coefficient of variance over years, incidence of tapping panel dryness and wind damage, only one clone i.e. RRII 208 was found to be suitable for the region along with RRIM 600. Study on correlation between yield and weather parameters showed that in post-W (May to September) and pre-W (October to December) periods, there was a positive correlation between yield and Tmax. During post-W period when Tmax was high, Tmin showed negative correlation; during pre-W period, when environment dominated with cool weather, increasing trend of Tmin would be appreciable which reflected on correlation study with yield showing positive trend. Therefore, with changing climate in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal, rubber production responded positively. Keywords: Change in weather, Growth, Performance, Yield.
Natural Rubber Research, 24(1): 117-123, 2011 SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN YIELD AND ASSOCIATED BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN RRII 400 SERIES CLONES OF HEVEA BRASILIENSIS S. Sreelatha, Kavitha K. Mydin, Sheela P. Simon, R. Krishnakumar, James Jacob and K. Annamalainathan Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam – 686 009, Kerala, India Received: 12 February 2011 Accepted: 27 April 2011 Sreelatha, S., Mydin, K.K., Simon, S.P., Krishnakumar, R., Jacob, J. and Annamalainathan, K. (2011). Seasonal variations in yield and associated biochemical changes in RRII 400 series clones of Hevea brasiliensis. Natural Rubber Research, 24(1): 117-123. Variation in yield and associated biochemical changes were studied in five newly evolved RRII 400 series clones during peak yielding and low yielding stress (summer) seasons and compared with the popular check clone RRII 105. A significant reduction in dry rubber yield was observed in all the clones during the stress period compared to peak yielding season. Metabolism of carbohydrates and activities of antioxidant enzymes showed significant variation between seasons. Significant clonal variations were also observed in the case of latex ATP, C-serum thiols and SOD during the stress season. Clones RRII 422, RRII 430 and RRII 414 showed higher ATP concentration in latex, C-serum thiols, invertase and SOD during stress season. RRII 429, RRII 417 and RRII 105 showed very low SOD, thiols and invertase activity in C-serum during this period. The present study indicates that among the clones studied for yield attributes, RRII 422 followed by RRII 430 and RRII 414 may be more tolerant to stress situation than other clones. The significance of these biochemical parameters are discussed in relation to yield obtained during the peak yielding and stress seasons. Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes, Invertase, Rubber yield, Yield depression.
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