Observations - VTCT

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108 Outcome 2: Be able to carry out massage using pre-blended aromatherapy oils (continued) Nervous system structure: Central nervous system (CNS) – brain, spinal cord, white matter, grey matter, meninges (pia mater, arachanoid mater, subarachanoid space, dura mater), cerebrospinal fluid, blood brain barrier, cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal. Brain stem – midbrain, pons varoli, medulla oblongata. Peripheral nervous system (PNS) – spinal nerves (31 pairs), spinal nerve plexus (cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal), cranial nerves (12 pairs). Autonomic nervous system (ANS) – sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Cells – neuroglia (schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia), neurones (sensory, motor, interneuron, dendrite, cell body, axon, axon end terminals, neurotransmitters, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier, neurolemma). Reflex arc, synapse, motor point. Nervous functions – sense internal/ external stimuli, interpret and respond to stimuli, maintain homeostasis, programming, instinctual behaviour, assimilation, memory, learning, intelligence. Nervous disorders and diseases: Bells palsy, carpal tunnel syndrome, cerebral palsy, depression, epilepsy, meningitis, migraine, multiple sclerosis, neuritis, Parkinson’s disease, sciatica. Digestive system structure: Tract – alimentary canal (inner mucosa, submucosa, muscle layer, serous membrane), mouth, salivary glands, tongue, teeth, pharynx, oesophagus, UV30425 stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), large intestine (caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus), liver, gall bladder, pancreas. Secretions – saliva, gastric juice, bile, pancreatic juice, intestinal juice, enzymes (salivary amylase, pepsin, trypsin, pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, intestinal amylase, intestinal lipase, intestinal peptidases, maltase, sucrase, lactase), hormones (gastrin, CCK). Digestive functions: Ingestion, digestion (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre, water), absorption, assimilation, elimination, peristalsis. Examples of digestive disorders and diseases: Anorexia nervosa, appendicitis, bulimia nervosa, Crohn’s disease, cirrhosis, colorectal cancer, constipation, diarrhoea, diverticulitis, gall stones, haemorrhoids, heartburn, hepatitis, hernia, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, jaundice, ulcer. Urinary system structure: Kidneys (cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, calyx, nephron, hilus, renal artery, renal vein), ureters, bladder, urethra. Urinary functions: Blood filtration, urine formation, waste elimination, fluid balance regulation. Examples of urinary disorders and diseases: Urinary tract infections, cystitis, nephritis, kidney stones (renal canculi), renal colic. Endocrine system structure: Glands and hormones – hypothalamus, pituitary (oxytocin, vasopressin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, luteinising
Outcome 2: Be able to carry out massage using pre-blended aromatherapy oils (continued) hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, melanin stimulating hormone), pineal (melatonin/serotonin), thyroid (tri-idothyronine, thyroxine, calcitonin), parathyroids (parathormone), thymus (thymosin), pancreas – islets of langerhans (insulin, glucagon), adrenal cortex (glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, androgens), adrenal medulla (adrenalin, noradrenalin), ovaries (oestrogen, progesterone), testes (testosterone). Endocrine functions: Hormone secretion, communication, maintaining homeostasis. Examples of endocrine disorders and diseases: Acromegaly, addisons, amenorrhoea, cretinism, cushings syndrome, diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, dwarfism, gigantism, goitre, graves, gynaeomastia, hirsutism, myxodema, polycystic ovarian syndrome, SAD, stunted growth, virilism. UV30425 109
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VTCT Level 3 Diploma in Spa and Bod
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Progression When you have successfu
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Guidance on assessment This book co
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Unit assessment methods This sectio
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UV30491 Monitor and maintain health
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Monitor and maintain health and saf
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Outcome 1 Be able to carry out a ri
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Achieving knowledge outcomes You wi
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Outcome 2 Be able to monitor health
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Outcome 2: Be able to monitor healt
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UV30468 Client care and communicati
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Client care and communication in be
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Outcome 1 You can: a. Behave in a p
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*You must practically demonstrate t
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Knowledge Outcome 1 Be able to comm
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Unit content This section provides
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Outcome 2: Be able to manage client
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UV30447 Monitor and maintain spa ar
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Monitor and maintain spa areas Lear
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Outcome 1 Be able to prepare and mo
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*You must practically demonstrate t
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Achieving knowledge outcomes You wi
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Outcome 2 Be able to maintain the s
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Outcome 1: Be able to prepare and m
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Outcome 2: Be able to maintain the
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UV30448 Provide spa treatments This
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Provide spa treatments Learning out
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Outcome 1 Be able to prepare for sp
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Observations - VTCT

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