JavaScript & jQuery: The Missing Manual ... - Robert Guajardo

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Software for JavaScript Programming Software for JavaScript Programming To create web pages made up of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, you need nothing more than a basic text editor like Notepad (Windows) or TextEdit (Mac). But after typing a few hundred lines of JavaScript code, you may want to try a program better suited to working with web pages. This section lists some common programs, some free and some you can buy. Note: There are literally hundreds of tools that can help you create web pages and write JavaScript programs, so the following is by no means a complete list. Think of it as a greatest-hits tour of the most popular programs that JavaScript fans are using today. Free Programs There are plenty of free programs out there for editing web pages and style sheets. If you’re still using Notepad or TextEdit, give one of these a try. Here’s a short list to get you started: • Notepad++ (Windows, http://notepad-plus-plus.org) is a coder’s friend. It highlights the syntax of JavaScript and HTML code, and lets you save macros and assign keyboard shortcuts to them so you can automate the process of inserting the code snippets you use most. • HTML-Kit (Windows, www.chami.com/html-kit) is a powerful HTML/XHTML editor that includes lots of useful features, like the ability to preview a web page directly in the program (so you don’t have to switch back and forth between browser and editor), shortcuts for adding HTML tags, and a lot more. • CoffeeCup Free HTML Editor (Windows, www.coffeecup.com/free-editor) is the free version of the commercial ($49) CoffeeCup HTML editor. • TextWrangler (Mac, www.barebones.com/products/textwrangler) is free software that’s actually a pared-down version of BBEdit, the sophisticated, well-known text editor for the Mac. TextWrangler doesn’t have all of BBEdit’s built-in HTML tools, but it does include syntax-coloring (highlighting tags and properties in different colors so it’s easy to scan a page and identify its parts), FTP support (so you can upload files to a web server), and more. • Eclipse (Windows, Linux, Mac; www.eclipse.org) is a free, popular choice amongst Java Developers, but includes tools for working with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. A version specifically for JavaScript developers is also available (www.eclipse.org/downloads/packages/eclipse-ide-javascript-web-developers/ indigor), as well as Eclipse plug-ins to add autocomplete for jQuery (http:// marketplace.eclipse.org/category/free-tagging/jquery). • Aptana Studio (Windows, Linux, Mac; www.aptana.org) is a powerful, free coding environment with tools for working with HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and Ruby on Rails. 10 javascript & jquery: the missing manual www.it-ebooks.info
Commercial Software Commercial website development programs range from inexpensive text editors to complete website construction tools with all the bells and whistles: • EditPlus (Windows, www.editplus.com) is an inexpensive ($35) text editor that includes syntax-coloring, FTP, auto-completion, and other wrist-saving features. • CoffeeCup (Windows, www.coffeecup.com) is a combination text and visual editor ($49). You can either write straight HTML code or use a visual interface to build your pages. • textMate (Mac, http://macromates.com) is a darling of Mac programmers. This text editor ($57) includes many timesaving features for JavaScript programmers, like “auto-paired characters,” which automatically plops in the second character of a pair of punctuation marks (for example, the program automatically inserts a closing parenthesis after you type an opening parenthesis). • BBEdit (Mac, www.barebones.com/products/bbedit). This much-loved Mac text editor ($99.99) has plenty of tools for working with HTML, XHTML, CSS, JavaScript, and more. It includes many useful web building tools and shortcuts. • Dreamweaver (Mac and Windows, www.adobe.com/products/dreamweaver.html) is a visual web page editor ($399.) It lets you see how your page looks in a web browser. The program also includes a powerful text editor for writing JavaScript programs and excellent CSS creation and management tools. Check out Dreamweaver CS5.5: The Missing Manual for the full skinny on how to use this powerful program. • Expression Web Designer (Windows, www.microsoft.com/expression/products/ StudioWebPro_Overview.aspx) is Microsoft’s entry in the web design field ($149). It includes many professional web design tools, including excellent CSS features. About This Book Unlike a piece of software such as Microsoft Word or Dreamweaver, JavaScript isn’t a single product developed by a single company. There’s no support department at JavaScript headquarters writing an easy-to-read manual for the average web developer. While you’ll find plenty of information on sites like Mozilla.org (see, for example, https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference) or Ecmascript.org (www.ecmascript.org/docs.php), there’s no definitive source of information on the JavaScript programming language. Because there’s no manual for JavaScript, people just learning JavaScript often don’t know where to begin. And the finer points regarding JavaScript can trip up even seasoned web pros. The purpose of this book, then, is to serve as the manual that should have come with JavaScript. In this book’s pages, you’ll find step-by-step instructions for using JavaScript to create highly interactive web pages. www.it-ebooks.info introduction About This Book 11
Page 1 and 2: www.it-ebooks.info
Page 3 and 4: JavaScript & jQuery www.it-ebooks.i
Page 5 and 6: JavaScript & jQuery www.it-ebooks.i
Page 7 and 8: Table of Contents The Missing Credi
Page 9 and 10: Selecting Page Elements: The jQuery
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 9: Enhancing Web Forms . .
Page 13 and 14: Chapter 14: Going Further with Java
Page 15 and 16: The Missing Credits About the Autho
Page 17 and 18: • Facebook: The Missing Manual, T
Page 19 and 20: Introduction The Web was a pretty b
Page 21 and 22: Note: After Netscape introduced Jav
Page 23 and 24: Hey, I am the title of this web
Page 25 and 26: As mentioned on page 5, a web page
Page 27: • Declaration Block. The code fol
Page 31 and 32: way: You could build a house by cut
Page 33 and 34: • Operating-system basics. This b
Page 35 and 36: Safari ® Books Online Safari® Boo
Page 37 and 38: Part One: Getting Started with Java
Page 39 and 40: Writing Your First JavaScript Progr
Page 41 and 42: !=) and full of unfamiliar words (v
Page 43 and 44: JavaScript is called a scripting la
Page 45 and 46: the closing tag—this approach ma
Page 47 and 48: In addition, you can attach externa
Page 49 and 50: 6. Click the Alert box’s OK butto
Page 51 and 52: Attaching an External JavaScript Fi
Page 53 and 54: Most web browsers are set up to sil
Page 55 and 56: • Unterminated string literal. A
Page 57 and 58: Accessing the Safari Error Console
Page 59 and 60: The Grammar of JavaScript Learning
Page 61 and 62: Programming languages usually categ
Page 63 and 64: is a Boolean value: Either the emai
Page 65 and 66: Table 2-1. Some words are reserved
Page 67 and 68: FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION Spaces, T
Page 69 and 70: each line of code that uses the pri
Page 71 and 72: That feature, known as automatic ty
Page 73 and 74: The same rules apply when concatena
Page 75 and 76: Tutorial: Asking for Information In
Page 77 and 78: 4. Return to your text editor. Loca
Page 79 and 80:
you put the list of items between o
Page 81 and 82:
Because the index number of the las
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So if each time the visitor clicks
Page 85 and 86:
2. Between the first set of tags,
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5. Return to your text editor and e
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The world of JavaScript is also fil
Page 91 and 92:
It’s easy to forget how a program
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The third line ends with a comment
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Adding Logic and Control to Your Pr
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Conditional Statement Basics Condit
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if (answer == 31) { alert('Correct.
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if (answer == 31) { alert('Correct.
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fridayCash >= 50 yes alert('You sho
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Note: To type a pipe character, pre
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crucial pieces of a conditional sta
Page 109 and 110:
Note: Why two sets of script tags?
Page 111 and 112:
Handling Repetitive Tasks with Loop
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The first time through this loop, t
Page 115 and 116:
For Loops JavaScript offers another
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However, with a do/while loop, you
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ace, one or more lines of JavaScrip
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function print(message) { document.
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var formattedTotal = total.toFixed(
Page 125 and 126:
var message = 'Outside the function
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the prompt() command. In addition,
Page 129 and 130:
Now that the basic variables for th
Page 131 and 132:
This code is just a basic if/else s
Page 133 and 134:
Part Two: Getting Started with jQue
Page 135 and 136:
Introducing jQuery The first chapte
Page 137 and 138:
jQuery isn’t the only JavaScript
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2. Click the “Current Release”
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Tip: When using the Google CDN, you
Page 143 and 144:
It may seem hard to believe, but, i
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• Remove the element. In the Netf
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Unfortunately, the major browsers h
Page 149 and 150:
Element selectors jQuery also has i
Page 151 and 152:
Advanced Selectors jQuery also lets
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jQuery Filters jQuery also provides
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Because looping through a collectio
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• .text() works like .html() but
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Note: jQuery also includes a functi
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• Finally, you may want to toggle
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highlight a tag (perhaps in reacti
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The attr() function returns the att
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Fifty alert dialog boxes with the m
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Creating all that HTML takes time a
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4. Click on the empty line between
Page 173 and 174:
Although the text looks like it wil
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Action/Reaction: Making Pages Come
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Mouse Events Ever since Steve Jobs
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Form Events In the pre-JavaScript d
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2. Assign an event. In jQuery, most
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Tutorial: Introducing Events This t
Page 185 and 186:
Now that you’ve got the basics, y
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More jQuery Event Concepts Because
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Tip: Because the ready() function i
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The toggle() Event jQuery’s toggl
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Tip: If you access the event object
Page 195 and 196:
Advanced Event Management You can l
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Other Ways to Use the bind() Functi
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function is discussed on page 187).
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9 function() { 10 $(this).next('.an
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Animations and Effects In the last
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Basic Showing and Hiding jQuery pro
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Normally, when you hide an element
Page 209 and 210:
The Programming 1. In a text editor
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edge of the page, changing its opac
Page 213 and 214:
When using the animate() function,
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its width and height from zero to f
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Note: See the note on page 29 for i
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$(document).ready(function() { $('#
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You’ll see the div move into view
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Part Three: Building Web Page Featu
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Improving Your Images Web designers
Page 227 and 228:
The key to this technique is line 1
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1 2 3 $(document).ready(function(
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Figure 7-2: The basic structure of
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Here’s the creative part: Instead
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Overview of Task The way the galler
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1. In a text editor, open the file
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New image (fade in) 1 2 3 Old i
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The Basics FancyBox is very easy to
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In addition, FancyBox can use the
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jQuery FancyBox accepts a lot of di
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and shifts the image using the back
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• Border color around pop-up imag
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The actual value you supply the rel
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Improving Navigation Links make the
Page 255 and 256:
Line 1 selects all external links (
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Manually adding target=“_blank”
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open(URL, name, properties) The ope
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• toolbar sets the visibility of
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Tip: The jQuery ScrollTo plug-in pr
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1. Download the FancyBox files from
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5. Near the top of the file, click
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Gadgets Gadget Basic Gadget Stan
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margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style-t
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To activate the menu, you first use
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Enhancing Web Forms Since the earli
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Mars Alpha Centauri You've never he
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$(':checked') Even better, you can
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adio buttons and checkboxes require
Page 283 and 284:
This code creates a text field on t
Page 285 and 286:
Like other events, you can use jQue
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they can type? Why not just place t
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Sometimes I get the same form infor
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Note: See the note on page 29 for i
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To disable the fields, all you have
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fields if they don’t have to. You
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Checking to make sure a text field
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5. Apply the validate() function to
Page 301 and 302:
For example, say you have a field a
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Tip: You can combine the basic vali
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$('#signup').validate({ rules: { na
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While JavaScript validation is grea
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label.error { color: #F00; font-wei
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Congratulations—you’ve just add
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equired: true, email: true } } // e
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Don’t forget the comma on line 5.
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to place. The function receives bot
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Expanding Your Interface A web page
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Overview Specifications Shipping T
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.tabs a { display: block; text-deco
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Tabbed Panels Tutorial Now
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Line 3 hides the panels. Because ea
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9. Save the page and try it out in
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Using AnythingSlider AnythingSlider
Page 333 and 334:
This is a tag (an HTML tag meant
Page 335 and 336:
• Color of the navigation buttons
Page 337 and 338:
• Variable size slides. If each s
Page 339 and 340:
• innerWidth() returns the width
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$('#caption').css({ 'position' : 'a
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.scrollTop( ) .scrollLeft( ) Browse
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Here’s the HTML for a basic toolt
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tooltip content. If the tooltip con
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8. Inside the anonymous function yo
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Lines 7 and 8 use the outerHeight()
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Note: The example in this section p
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13 if (triggerPos.top - tipH - scro
Page 357 and 358:
Part Four: Ajax: Communication with
Page 359 and 360:
Introducing Ajax JavaScript is grea
Page 361 and 362:
• Display new HTML content withou
Page 363 and 364:
The XMLHttpRequest object was actua
Page 365 and 366:
1. Create an instance of the XMLHtt
Page 367 and 368:
In addition, most of the time, you
Page 369 and 370:
Unless you’re using jQuery’s ba
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fine—it’ll get any visitors to
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$('#newslinks a').click(function()
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Or: $.get(url, data, callback); $.p
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You need to be careful using this m
Page 379 and 380:
When the web browser sends off a re
Page 381 and 382:
link behavior and prevents the web
Page 383 and 384:
Tutorial: Using the get() Function
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The tag has the ID login applied t
Page 387 and 388:
doesn’t remove the first error me
Page 389 and 390:
Note: Another type of JSON, known a
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The same is true with a JSON object
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You pass the JSON object, and an an
Page 395 and 396:
Flickr and Google Maps In the previ
Page 397 and 398:
Flickr gives you a couple of ways t
Page 399 and 400:
Note: You can only search for tags
Page 401 and 402:
(see line 2 on page 381). Then, to
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and an anonymous function. The $.ea
Page 405 and 406:
11. Save the page and preview it in
Page 407 and 408:
Note: GoMap uses version 3 of the G
Page 409 and 410:
In fact, you can use anything that
Page 411 and 412:
mapTypeControl : false If you do li
Page 413 and 414:
You can also add a marker after the
Page 415 and 416:
Adding Information Windows to Marke
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8. Edit the script by adding a comm
Page 419 and 420:
Part Five: Tips, Tricks, and Troubl
Page 421 and 422:
Getting the Most from jQuery jQuery
Page 423 and 424:
Storing a selection into a variable
Page 425 and 426:
$('#main a') than this selector: $(
Page 427 and 428:
• Selectors (http://api.jquery.co
Page 429 and 430:
• Internals (http://api.jquery.co
Page 431 and 432:
jQuery functions working in this wa
Page 433 and 434:
You use .find() to select a descend
Page 435 and 436:
The .siblings() function also can t
Page 437 and 438:
More Functions For Manipulating HTM
Page 439 and 440:
This is the contents of outer
Page 441 and 442:
$('#container').delegate('selector'
Page 443 and 444:
Going Further with Java Script This
Page 445 and 446:
In this case, the conditional state
Page 447 and 448:
The slice() method requires a numbe
Page 449 and 450:
Unless you’re a super-alien from
Page 451 and 452:
Character Matches | Either the char
Page 453 and 454:
string, when what you really want i
Page 455 and 456:
Note: For regular expressions that
Page 457 and 458:
Note: The email regex listed above
Page 459 and 460:
• www\. matches www.. • ) is th
Page 461 and 462:
You could rewrite the code from pag
Page 463 and 464:
Working with Numbers Numbers are an
Page 465 and 466:
Note: You’re probably wondering w
Page 467 and 468:
var cost = 10; var printCost = '$'
Page 469 and 470:
The new Date() command creates a Da
Page 471 and 472:
JavaScript lets you access particul
Page 473 and 474:
Line 8 introduces a mathematical op
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Creating a date that’s one week f
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For example, if you have a search b
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14 ); 15 }); //end ready() Now, the
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Notice that there’s an awful lot
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eak; default: message = 'What kind
Page 485 and 486:
Troubleshooting and Debugging Every
Page 487 and 488:
You’ll encounter a syntax error w
Page 489 and 490:
There are three basic categories of
Page 491 and 492:
For example, the following code gen
Page 493 and 494:
paths is the location of the web pa
Page 495 and 496:
The best way to deal with errors an
Page 497 and 498:
View console List of errors Using c
Page 499 and 500:
Tutorial: Using the Firebug Console
Page 501 and 502:
Save the page; reload it in Firefox
Page 503 and 504:
More Powerful Debugging The Firebug
Page 505 and 506:
After the script begins to run, as
Page 507 and 508:
Add new expression chapter 15: trou
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3. Launch your text editor and open
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A red dot appears to the left of li
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16. Return to your text editor, and
Page 515 and 516:
JavaScript Resources This book prov
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jQuery Much of this book covered th
Page 519 and 520:
Websites • Eloquent JavaScript (h
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Index Symbols & (ampersand) && logi
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ind() function, jQuery, 177-179, 42
Page 525 and 526:
dimensions of browser window, 319-3
Page 527 and 528:
validating, 278-291 error messages
Page 529 and 530:
post() function, 356-357, 358 seria
Page 531 and 532:
examples using, 2, 23, 124 librarie
Page 533 and 534:
searching selections, 365, 407, 413
Page 535 and 536:
typeof operator, 72 typing errors.
Page 537 and 538:
Colophon This book was composited i
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