An overview of emerging mosquito borne diseases, globalization ...

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Basic reproductive rate R 0 MacDonald, 1957 R0 0 = (ma (m 2 Pn / -ln ln P) b c 1/r If R0 >1, will be more cases after the first one m Vector density to humans a Proportion of vectors feeding in humans (bites per human, mosquito, day) b Efficiency of transmission from an infected mosquito to a human c Efficiency of transmission from an infected human to a mosquito P daily survival rate of the vector n Extrinsic period of incubation of the virus (EIP) in days 1/r Human infectious period (in days)
Some remarks or conclusions There is a constant entrance and increase of pathogen carriers in Europe and all around the world. Increase of temperature in geographic areas such as Europe may have have an incidence in the potential transmission of diseases. Increase of temperature may increase extension of vectors distribution distribution but, there are other factors that can act in an opposite way. Mosquito vectors are well distributed and in contact with humans. humans Sensibility of European vectors to different pathogens is variable variable according species and pathogens but it is not neglectable. Introduction of more exotic vectors seems to be difficult but possible possible depending on diverse factors like climate and apropiate habitats. habitats Socioeconomic conditions are important factors that can influence influence dramatically outbreaks, especially in diseases such as malaria.
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An overview of emerging mosquito bo
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Culicidae as pests and as vectors o
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Triatoma sp. Main vector groups Bug
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Main vector groups Fleas: Siphonapt
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Main vector groups Sandflies: Phleb
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Life cycle of F. Culicidae: Culicid
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Main diseases transmitted by Arbovi
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Arboviral diseases
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Arboviral diseases (Togaviridae: Al
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Arboviral diseases (Bunyaviridae) B
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WNV in birds Rapid multiplication o
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WNV in humans Low virus multiplicat
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West Nile Virus distribution in Eur
Page 43 and 44: West Nile Virus distribution before
Page 45 and 46: West Nile Virus distribution in USA
Page 51 and 52: Chikungunya in Italy. 2007 Ravenna:
Page 53 and 54: Present situation in Europe Chikung
Page 55 and 56: Rift Valley Fever, can it reach Eur
Page 57 and 58: Yellow fever and dengue in XVIII Ce
Page 59 and 60: Learning from history: yellow fever
Page 65 and 66: Situation of malaria in the world A
Page 67 and 68: Vectors of malaria in the world Epi
Page 69 and 70: Specific knowledge Anopheles arabie
Page 71 and 72: Exophagy Antropophily Behaviour of
Page 73: Interactions
Page 77 and 78: Imported malaria in Spain and Europ
Page 79 and 80: Portugal. 1973-1976. 1973 1976. Ind
Page 81 and 82: Europe
Page 83 and 84: Countries included in Europe. WHO
Page 85 and 86: Autochthonous malaria in WHO Europe
Page 87 and 88: 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 Climatic chan
Page 89 and 90: Rice field areas in Spain by provin
Page 91 and 92: Sensibility of An. maculipennis s.l
Page 93: Important loss of economic and sani
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