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The Persian Navy 273 Army list. The accoutrements and weapons of each people are again given, this time even more irrelevantly. Cf. 91 where the dress and weapons of the Cilicians are reported, none of much importance for life at sea! As to the numbers of ships provided, one might compare the statement in Justin (9. 5. 6) where the total military potential of the League of Corinth was far greater than any Greek army on the field of battle.
Appendix 5 Thermopylae and 'the way into' Greece ACCORDING to Herodotus (8. 31), Xerxes, having destroyed Greek opposition at Thermopylae, moved into Phocis by invading Doris from Trachinian territory and by that route invading Phocis. This has always been a puzzle, and indeed remains so. Why take so great pains and incur such losses at the Gates, when he could, perfectly easily it would seem, get into central Greece by another route? Various answers have been given which there is little point reviewing, but some notice must be given of a new and revolutionary answer to the puzzle. The theory is most fully developed in Szemler, Gherf, and Kraft's Thermopylae. Myth and Reality in 480 BC (Chicago, 1996). They argue that Xerxes entered Greece by what they term 'the Isthmus Corridor', a broad highway across high places in existence and indeed in use from much earlier times, that in 480 BC there was no road through the Gates which an army with all its baggage train and wheeled vehicles could use to enter Greece, that at that time the Gates were a dead end and only of interest to Xerxes because the Greeks had chosen them as their command post whence contact could be maintained with the navy at Artemisium. What has prompted this, at first hearing bizarre, theory is a series of geological explorations along the coastline as it was in 480 BC, which they claim show that there could have been no road along which historians have constantly envisaged the Persian army advancing or at any rate being able to advance had such a route been chosen. There is an inconsistency in this theory. They point to the speech Arrian set in the mouth of Alexander at Op is (Anab. 7. 9. 4), where Alexander asserted of his father Philip that 'after he had humbled the Phocian people he made the access to Greece broad and easy instead of narrow and difficult', and they refer to various allusions in inscriptions to works at Thermopylae (67G 3 220, 243 D 42-5, 250 D 43-5). So regardless of geological soundings, there must have been something there for Philip to widen and make easier, and this early route may well have been useful enough for Persian purposes in 480 BC. The real answer, however, to this new theory is that made by
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THE GREEK WARS
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The Greek Wars The Failure of Persi
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PREFACE THE viewpoint of this book
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CONTENTS Abbreviations viii 1. Intr
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1 Introduction To the Great King, s
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Introduction 3 position of the Pers
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Introduction 5 Babylon, especially
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Introduction 7 thinking the Athenia
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Introduction 9 Xerxes called on the
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Introduction 11 ings with the King.
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Introduction 13 the oncoming army a
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Introduction 15 of the Empire did n
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Introduction 17 Herodotus and Gtesi
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Introduction 19 690). 56 Both were
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Introduction 21 writers would have
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Introduction 23 10. Behistun Inscri
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Introduction 25 The Royal women wer
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Introduction 27 different from Xeno
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Introduction 29 generally accepted
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The Subjection of the Greeks of Asi
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'The lands beyond the sea' 47 the b
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'The lands beyond the sea' 49 metre
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'The lands beyond the sea' 51 year
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'The lands beyond the sea' 53 Potid
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'The lands beyond the sea' 55 On th
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'The lands beyond the sea' 57 The s
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'The lands beyond the sea' 59 as fa
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4 The Ionian Revolt 'I AM Darius th
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The Ionian Revolt 63 it, he asserte
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The Ionian Revolt 65 As it was the
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The Ionian Revolt 67 Herodotus' int
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The Ionian Revolt 69 us of Histiaeu
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The Ionian Revolt 71 one gives of H
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The Ionian Revolt 73 rather than of
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The Ionian Revolt 75 shortly to ret
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The Ionian Revolt 77 anabasis, and
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The Ionian Revolt 79 and arranging
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The Ionian Revolt 81 4. For the var
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The Ionian Revolt 83 of Ibanollis o
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The Ionian Revolt 85 sailors of Ion
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5 The Conquest of Greece THERE is n
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The Conquest of Greece 89 and Persi
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The Conquest of Greece 91 skill was
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The Conquest of Greece 93 Even geog
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The Conquest of Greece 95 the motiv
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The Conquest of Greece 97 began its
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The Conquest of Greece 99 the other
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The Conquest of Greece 101 played o
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The Conquest of Greece 103 Xerxes t
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The Conquest of Greece 105 He was w
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The Conquest of Greece 107 use of t
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The Conquest of Greece 109 to influ
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The Conquest of Greece 111 tans, or
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The Conquest of Greece 113 were scr
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The Conquest of Greece 115 reason w
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The Conquest of Greece 117 7. Cf. M
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The Conquest of Greece 119 of by th
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The Conquest of Greece 121 explaini
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The Conquest of Greece 123 made to
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The Conquest of Greece 125 Mardoniu
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The War in the East Aegean 127 cont
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The War in the East Aegean 12 9 pri
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The War in the East Aegean 131 acco
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The War in the East Aegean 133 Gree
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The War in the East Aegean 135 rein
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The War in the East Aegean 137 land
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7 Peace with Athens, 449—412 BC F
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Peace with Athens, 449-412 BC 141 w
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Peace with Athens, 449-412 BC 143 f
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Peace with Athens, 449-412 BC 145 5
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8 The Recovery of the Greeks of Asi
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The Recovery of the Greeks of Asia
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9 From the King's Peace to the End
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From the King's Peace to the Social
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The End of the Achaemenids 19 9 den
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The End of the Achaemenids 2 o i Is
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The End of the Achaemenids 2 03 den
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The End of the Achaemenids 2 05 ver
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The End of the Achaemenids 207 Memn
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The End of the Achaemenids 209 16.
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The End of the Achaemenids 211 itel
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The End of the Achaemenids 213 grea
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The End of the Achaemenids 215 must
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The End of the Achaemenids 217 (Dio
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The End of the Achaemenids 219 like
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Appendix 1 Persian and Greek Naval
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Page 242 and 243: Appendix 2 Histiaeus THERE are endl
Page 244 and 245: Histiaeus 235 been persuaded of the
Page 246 and 247: Appendix 3 Persian Armies THE succe
Page 248 and 249: Persian Armies 239 Arrian (Anab. 3.
Page 250 and 251: Persian Armies 241 it be very stran
Page 252 and 253: Persian Armies 243 appointment, one
Page 254 and 255: Persian Armies 245 they were probab
Page 256 and 257: Persian Armies 247 and 8. 13. i). T
Page 258 and 259: Persian Armies 249 Yet when the inv
Page 260 and 261: Persian Armies 2 51 Armies of the m
Page 262 and 263: Persian Armies 253 the Chiliarch, J
Page 264 and 265: Appendix 4 The Persian Navy 'ALL th
Page 266 and 267: The Persian Navy 257 ing already sa
Page 268 and 269: The Persian Navy 259 Ikes they coul
Page 270 and 271: The Persian Navy 2 61 i) put the st
Page 272 and 273: The Persian Navy 263 presumably tro
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Page 276 and 277: The Persian Navy 267 Phoenician shi
Page 278 and 279: 7. 8. The Persian Navy 269 of Agesi
Page 280 and 281: The Persian Navy 271 between them a
Page 284 and 285: Thermopylae and 'the way into' Gree
Page 286 and 287: Appendix 6 The Themistocles Decree
Page 288 and 289: The Themistocles Decree 279 a large
Page 290 and 291: Appendix 7 The Peace of Gallias THE
Page 292 and 293: The Peace qfCallias 283 such places
Page 294 and 295: The Peace qfCallias 285 i. 16), and
Page 296 and 297: The Peace qfCallias 287 dm. 13.4) t
Page 298 and 299: The Peace qfCallias 289 have so spo
Page 300 and 301: The Alleged Treaty qfBoiotios 291 A
Page 302 and 303: 366 BC 293 naval ambitions, presuma
Page 304 and 305: 366 BC 295 been the same, having in
Page 306 and 307: 366 BC 297 Congress in Sparta that
Page 308 and 309: 366BC 299 holder of subordinate off
Page 310 and 311: List of Works Referred to in the No
Page 320 and 321: Abrocomas 162 Achaemenes 243-4, 257
Page 322 and 323: Gaugamela, battle of 2, 199, 211-12
Page 324 and 325: Polycrates 34, 39, 40, 41, 52 Prien
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