UNIT ONE VOCABULARY VINC/VICT: VINCERE, VICTUM “to ...

UNIT ONE VOCABULARY
VINC/VICT: VINCERE, VICTUM “to conquer”
INVINCIBLE: unable to be conquered
PROVINCIAL: limited in knowledge of the world; narrow-minded
EVINCE: to establish; to reflect the truth of
DUC/DUCT: DUCERE, DUCTUM “to lead”
CONDUCIVE: supportive; encouraging; helping to bring about
INDUCE: to lead towards some action
DEDUCE: to draw a conclusion from fact; to infer
TRACT: TRAHERE, TRACTUM “to drag”
PROTRACTED: extended in time; prolonged
INTRACTABLE: stubborn; obstinate; hard to move forward
RETRACT: to draw back; withdraw
PETO: PETERE, PETITUM “to seek aggressively, to assail, to rush”
PETULANT: irritable or short-tempered
IMPETUOUS: acting passionately and without forethought
IMPETUS: that which drives one; momentum

UNIT TWO VOCABULARY
FRACT/FRING/FRANG: FRANGERE, FRACTUM “to break”
FRACTIOUS: tending to argue or cause discord
INFRACTION: minor violation of a rule or law
INFRINGE: to intrude on an area belonging to another; to trespass
CIS/CADERE: CISUM “cut, kill”
EXCISE: to cut out of; remove
INCISIVE: sharply cutting; direct and powerful
CONCISE: brief and straightforward
TOM: TEMNEIN “to cut”
TOME: a large and serious book
EPITOME: the best or most typical example
DICHOTOMY: two opposite parts of one whole
ANATOMY: the structure or parts, taken as a whole
PUNCT: PUNGERE, PUNCTUM “to sing, pierce”
COMPUNCTION: feeling of regret or remorse
PUNCTILIOUS: paying strict attention to detail; extremely careful

UNIT THREE
PEL/ PULS: PELLERE, PULSUM “to push, to drive”
COMPEL: to force or strongly persuade; coerce
IMPULSE: a sudden, involuntary urge to do something
EXPEL: to send out or away
JAC/ JECT: JACERE, JECTUM “to throw, to cast”
CONJECTURE: a guess, often one based on inadequate or faulty evidence
DEJECTED: downcast or sad; depressed
ABJECT: lowly, miserable and wretched
MIT/MIS: MITTERE, MISSUM “send”
EMISSARY: an agent sent on a mission
DISMISSIVE: showing little regard; scornful
REMISS: failing to fulfill one’s duty; negligent
MOT/MOV: MOVERE, MOTUS “to move”
MOTIVE: cause for action
MOTIF: a recurring theme, subject or idea
EMOTE: to dramatically express emotions

VIA: VIA “road, way”
UNIT FOUR
VIADUCT: a bridge that carries a road or railroad over a valley
IMPERVIOUS: unable to be affected
DEVIATE: to depart, especially from a path or plan
OBVIATE: to make unnecessary; to avoid
FER: FERRE “to carry, to bring”
DEFFER: to put aside until later
DEFERENCE: act or practice of yielding to another’s authority
CONFER: to discuss something with someone else; consult;
INFERENCE: a conclusion not directly provided by evidence, but able to be drawn from
the facts at hand
PROFFER: to present or offer
PROLIFERATE: to increase greatly in number; multiply
PORT: PORTARE, PORTATUM “to carry, to bring”
COMPORTMENT: manner in which one acts or behaves
PURPORTED: claimed as true, but probably false

VID/VIS: VIDERE, VISUM “to see”
ENVISAGE: to imagine; toconceive of
VISAGE: face; facial expression
UNIT FIVE
PARI: PARERE, PARITUM “be visible, appear”
APPARITION: an unreal figure; a ghost
SPEC: SPECERE, SPECTUM “to look”
PERSPICAIOUS: wise; insightful; acutely intelligent
RETROSPECTIVE: looking backward over a period of time
ASPECT: a part that can be considered or viewed
INTROSPECTIVE: contemplating one’s own thoughts and feelings
PHAN: PHANEIN “to appear, to show”
PHENOMENON: a fact or event which can be observed and/or documented
DIAPHANOUS: lightweight and transparent
EPIPHANY: a moment of great insight; revelation
SYCOPHANT: a person who flatters; a yes-man

UNIT SIX VOCABULARY WORDS
HER/HES: HAERERE, HAESUM “to attach, be fixed”
ADHERENT: A follower of a person or idea
INCOHERENT: Not able to be understood; nonsensical
INHERENT: Existing as a natural part
FUS: FUNDERE, FUSUM
DIFFUSE: (adj) not concentrated or focused; wordy
(v) to spread out or distribute
EFFUSIVE: Overflowing with words or feelings; gushing
PROFUSE: Plentiful; abundant
SOLU/SOLV: SOLVERE, SOLUTUM “to loosen, to solve”
RESOLUTE: Determined; steadfast
DISSOLUTE: Devoted to sensual pleasure; lacking moral restraint
INSOLUABLE: 1. Impossible to solve or fix 2. Unable to be dissolved
LEG: LEGO, LECTUM “to select, to choose, to gather”
DILGENT: Hard working and careful
RECOLLECT: To remember; to recall
SACRILEGE: An act against a holy person or place

UNIT SEVEN VOCABULARY WORDS
FAC/FACT/FIC: FACERE, FACTUM “to make, do”
PROFICIENT: Skilled at; highly knowledgeable of
FACTOTUM: An assistant who does a variety of jobs
FACSIMILE: A copy or imitation
FACILE: Too simplistic or easy
PON/POUND: PONERE, POSITUM “to put, to place, to arrange”
EXPOUND: To explain or discuss in detail
PROPONENT: One who argues in favor of; supporter
STRUCT/STRUE: STRUERE, STRUCTUM “to build”
INFRASTRUCTURE: The basic framework of a building or a system
CONSTRUE: To interpret or analyze something in a particular way
CONSTRUCTIVE: Having a positive effect; helpful
STIT/STAT: STARE, STATUS “to stand”
DESTITUTE: Having no money; poor
RESTITUTION: Payment for an injury; compensation
STAURE: Level of achievement or authority; standing

PLAC: PLACERE, PLACITUM “to please”
UNIT EIGHT VOCABULARY WORDS
COMPLACENT: Satisfied with a situation that should be changed or improved
PLACEBO: Something which has a positive mental effect, but no physical effect
PLACID: Calm; undisturbed
GRAT: GRATUS “pleasing, earning thanks” or “thankful”
GRATUITOUS: Unnecessary or unwanted
INGRATIATE: To gain another’s favor by flattering or false friendliness
INGRATE: One who is not properly thankful
DOC/DOCT: DOCERE, DOCTUM “to teach”
DOCILE: Easily taught; submissive to instruction
INDOCTRINATE: To teach a certain point of view to
DOCTRINE: That which is taught; body beliefs or ideas
TEMPER: TEMPERARE, TEMPERATUM “to temper, make less severe”
TEMPER: To decrease the strength of
TEMPERANCE: Restraint or moderation, especially in regards to alcohol or food
INTEMPERATE: Lacking moderation; severe or extreme

UNIT NINE VOCABULARY WORDS
TORT/TORQ: TORQUERE, TORTUS “to twist”
TORTUOUS: Not directed or straightforward
RETORT: To respond critically or sarcastically
EXTORT: To wrongly or illegally force someone to comply with a demand
VOLV/VOLU: VOLVERE, VOLUTUM “to roll, to turn”
VOLUBLE: Talkative; given to rapid, abundant speech
CONVOLUTED: Having too many twists and turns; overly complicated
EVOLVE: To unfold; to develop or change gradually
FLEX/FLECT: FLECTERE, FLECTUM “to bend”
INFLEXIBLE: Too unchangeable in character or purpose
DEFLECT: To cause to turn aside or away
INFLECTION: Change in pitch or tone of the voice
VERT/VERS: VERTERE, VERSUM “to turn”
ADVERSE: Not helpful; harmful
REVERT: To fall back into an old condition
SUBVERT: To undermine; to corrupt

UNIT TEN VOCABULARY WORDS
CRIMIN: CRIMEN “crime, charge of crime”
DECRIMINALIZE: To do away with legal penalties for
INCRIMINATE: To reveal guilt, or make (someone) appear guilty
RECRIMINATION: An accusation made in reply; a counter charge
CULP: CULPARE, CULPATUM “to blame”
CULPABLE: Deserving blame
CULPRIT: One responsible for a crime
MEA CULPA: Interjection Statement uttered to show personal responsibility for a
wrong
ONUS/ONER: ONUS “burden’
ONUS: Burden or obligation
ONEROUS: Unpleasant and burdensome
EXONERATE: To prove not guilty
PROB/PROV: PROBARE, PROBATUM “prove good, approve”
APPROBATION: Praise or approval
REPROBATE: A dishonest or immoral person; a scoundrel
REPROVE: To scold or criticize

FID: FIDERE, FISUS “to trust, believe”
Unit Eleven Vocabulary Words
DIFFIDENT: Shy; not assertive
FIDELITY: Faithfulness; loyalty
CONFIDE: To trust (another) with information or a secret
FALL: FALLERE, FALSUM “to deceive”
FALLACY: A misleading or mistaken idea
FALLACIOUS: Misleading or deceptive
FALLIBLE: Capable of being mistaken; imperfect
CRED: CREDERE, CREDITUM “to trust, believe”
CREDIBLE: Able to be trusted in or believed
CREDENCE: Trust or belief
CREDULITY: Tendency to believe things too quickly or easily
INCREDULOUS: Unable to believe something; amazed
DUB: DUBIUS “doubt”
DUBIOUS: Uncertain; doubtful
INDUBITABLE: Certain beyond doubt or question
REDOUBTABLE: Worthy of fear or respect; mighty

ULTIMA: ULTIMUS “last”
Unit Twelve Vocabulary Words
ULTIMATE: Surpassing all others; definite
PENULTIMATE: Just before the final; next to last
ULTIMATUM: A demand or threat that is final
FIN: FINIS “end, border, limit”
INFINITE: Without beginning or end
DEFINITIVE: Defining for all others; standard
INFINITESIMAL: Extremely small; incalculably or immeasurably small
NOV: NOVUS “new”
NOVEL: New and different
NOVICE: An inexperienced person; amateur
INNOVATIVE: Showing creativity and originality
PRIM: PRIMUS “first”
PRIMAL: Original; dating from the beginning of existence
PRIMEVAL: Extremely ancient; of earliest time
PRIMACY: Condition of being first in time or importance

ERR: ERRARE, ERRATUM “to wander”
Unit Thirteen Vocabulary Words
ABERRANT: Deviating from a pattern or rule
ERRONEOUS: Wrong or inaccurate
ERRANT: Wandering or straying
GRAD/GRESS: GRADI, GRESSUM “to go fourth, to proceed”
DEGRADE: To lower in dignity or esteem; insult
CONGRESS: A coming together
EGRESS: Act of going out, exit
VEN/VENT: VENIRE, VENTUM “to come”
COVENE: To call together, to assemble
COVENANT: A mutual or legal agreement
CIRCUMVENT: To avoid by going
CUR/CURS:CURRERE, CURSUM “to run”
CURSORY: Hasty and superficial
PRECURSOR: That which comes before; forerunner
RECOURSE: Help for a problem; solution
INCURSION: An attack on another’s territory; a raid

VIR: VIR “man”
UNIT FOURTEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
VIRILE: Masculine; manly
VIRTUE: Right action; moral goodness
VIRTUOSO: Someone extraordinarily skilled in a particular art
DEM: DEMOS “people”
DEMAGOUGE: A leader who appeals to people’s emotions to gain power
DEMOGRAPHIC: Having certain characteristics in common, such as age, race, or
gender
PANDEMIC: Having an effect on a large area or region
POLIT: POLIS “city”
COSMOPOLITAN: Worldly or sophisticated
POLITICIZE: Politeness; courteousness
CIVIC: Having to do with the business of a town or community
CIVILIZE: To make more cultured or refined

UNIT FIFTEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
DIC/DICT: DICERE, DICTUM “to say, to order”
DICTATE: To speak aloud in order that one’s words may be copied or recorded
MALEDICTION: A recital of words intended to harm; a curse
BENEDICTION: A blessing
LOC/LOQU: LOQUI, LOCUTUS “to speak”
LOCUTION: Style or action of speaking
ELOQUENT: Powerful and expressive
COLLOQUIAL: Of or related to informal speech, conversational
VOCA: VOCARE, VOCATUM “to call”
EVOCATIVE: Calling forth a vivid image or impression
EQUIVOCATE: To use misleading or confusing language
ADVOCATE: To argue in favor of
CLAM/CLAIM: CLAMARE, CLAMATUM “to shout or call”
EXCLAMATORY: Having a forceful, excited, or emotional
DECLAIM: To speak loudly and with feeling
CLAMOROUS: Characterized by a loud noise or outcry

CRUX: CRUX “cross”
UNIT SIXTEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
EXCRUCIATING: Extremely painful; agonizing
CRUX: The most important or decisive point
CRUCIAL: Extremely necessary; essential
DOL: DOLERE “to feel pain, to be grieved”
INDOLENT: Lazy; averse to work
DOLEFUL: Sad; mournful
DOLOROUS: Mournful; gloomy
ACRI: ACER “sharp”
ACERBIC: Harsh and biting in tone
ACRID: Stinging or biting in odor or taste; harsh; irritating
ACRIMONIOUS: Exhibiting harsh sharpness in speech or mood
EXACEBATE: To make worse or more severe
FERV: FERVERE “to boil, be warm”
FERVENT: Passionately excited or enthusiastic
FERVOR: Emotional excitement; heated enthusiasm
EFFERVESCENT: Highly spirited; animated

PUT: PUTARE, PUTATUM “to think”
UNIT SEVENTEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
IMPUTE: to assign blame or responsibility for
DISPUTE: to disagree with
DISREPUTABLE: not respectable; having a bad reputation
NOTA: NOTARE, NOTATUM “to note”
CONNOTATION: an image or idea associated with a word
DENOTATION: the dictionary definition of a word
ANNOTATE: to explain or discuss through a note
RATIO: RATIO “reason”
IRRATIONAL: not based on reason or logic
RATIONALE: a reason for doing something; explanation
RATIONALIZE: justify; give reason for
SCI: SCIRE “to know”
CONSCIENTIOUS: diligent and careful
UNCONSCIONABLE: not obeying moral laws; unscrupulous
PRESCIENT: showing knowledge of events before they happen

AES: AESTHESIS “feeling, perception”
UNIT EIGHTEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
AESTHETIC: having to do with beauty or order
ANESTHETIC: a substance which causes loss of feeling
PATH: PATHEIN “to feel”
APATHETIC: not interested; having no strong emotion towards
EMPATHY: sharing of another’s emotions
PATHOS: power of evoking great sadness or sympathy
ANTIPATHY: hostility or hatred
SENS/SENT: SENTIRE, SENSUM “to feel, to be aware”
SENTIENT: conscious; aware
SENTINEL: one who watches or guards
SENTIMENT: a feeling about something
PRESENTIMENT: a feeling about something before it happens
TANG/TACT: TANGERE, TACTUM “to touch”
TANGIBLE: able to be grasped or perceived
TACTILE: pertaining to touch
INTACT: unbroken; whole

UNIT NINETEEN VOCABULARY WORDS
QUIS: QUAERERE, QUISIUM “ask, seek, demand”
INQUISITIVE: curious; asking many questions
ACQUISITIVE: seeking to get things; greedy
REQUISITION: act of order or demanding something
SPOND/SPOUSE: SPONDERE, SPONSUM “pledge, show support for”
ESPOUSE: to support; pledge support to
CORRESPOND: to be similar to; compare to
DESPONDENT: lacking all hope
ROG: ROGARE, ROGATUM “to ask, demand”
INTERROGATE: to formally question
DEROGATORY: insulting; degrading
ARROGANT: excessively proud; haughty
ABROGATE: to cancel; to repeal
PREC: PREX, PRECIS “prayer”
PRECARIOUS: threatened or unsafe
IMPRECATION: a curse
DEPRECATE: to show disapproval of

MON: MONERE, MONITUM “to warn”
UNIT TWENTY VOCABULARY WORDS
ADMONITION: gentle scolding
PREMONITION: a vision; a warning of something before it
CONSIL: CONCILIARE, CONSILIUM “bring together” “advice”
COUNSEL: to advise; make a suggestion to
CONCILIATORY: intended to lessen another’s anger
RECONCILE: to bring back into agreement
CAUT: CAVEO, CAUTUM “to be careful”
PRECAUTION: an action taken against danger ahead of time
CAUTIOUS: careful not to get into danger
CAUTIONARY: intended to serve as a warning
SUAD: SUADERE, SUASUM “advise”
DISSUADE: to convince one not to do something
PERSUASION: habit or type

GUST: GUSTUS “taste”
UNIT TWENTY- ONE VOCABULARY WORDS
GUSTO: enthusiastic enjoyment
GUSTATORY: having to do with the sense of taste
SIP/SAP: SAPERE “to taste”
INSIPID: dull; uninteresting
SAPIENT: having knowledge; wise
AV: AVERE “to crave, to desire”
AVID: enthusiastic; eager
AVARICE: desire for wealth; greed
BIB: BIBERE “to drink”
IMBIBE: drink; soak up
BIBULOUS: drunken
GLUT: GLUTERE “to devour”
GLUT: too much of something; oversupply
GLUTTON: one who wants or takes too much (especially food or drink)
PALAT: PALATUM “plate”
PALATE: taste or liking
PALATABLE: acceptable; satisfactory

RANC: RANCERE “to stink”
RANCID: rotten; spoiled
RANCOR: bitterness; hostility
PUTER: PUTRIS “rotten”
UNIT TWENTY-TWO VOCABULARY WORDS
PUTRIFY: to rot; to decompose
PUTRID: rotten; suggesting decomposition
STAGN: STAGNARE “to stagnate, form a pool of standing water”
STAGNANT: unhealthy because of lack of movement
STAGNATE: to stop moving or growing; to become unhealthy because of lack of
movement
ODOR: ODOR “smell”
MALODOROUS: foul-smelling
ODORIFEROUS: giving off an odor
OL: OLERE “to smell”
OLFACTORY: having to do with the sense of smell
REDOLENT: suggesting; carrying the hint of
FET: FETERE “to stink”
FETID: having an unpleasant smell