Plant Alkaloids Atallah F. Ahmed

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Synthetic analogs e.g. neostigmine and pyridostigmine enhancing neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis (rare autoimmune condition of muscle weakness caused by faulty transmission of nerve impulses). They are used in diagnosing and treatment. Atallah F. Ahmed, PhD 2010 6.2. Alkaloids of Nux Vomica Atallah F. Ahmed, PhD 2010 7 8 5/30/2010 4
6.2. Alkaloids of Nux Vomica Strychnine and brucine occur in the endosperm of the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica (Loganiaceae), ~5% yield. Strychnine comprises usually from one 30-50% of the total alkaloids. Theyy are dihydroindole y (indoline) ( ) alkaloid biosynthesized y from tryptophan and a monoterpene. The alkaloids occur combined naturally with malic acid and igasuric acid. N N N O O Strychnine H H3CO 3CO H 3CO N O O Brucine Atallah F. Ahmed, PhD 2010 Strychnine and Brucine Strychnine and brucine are mono-acidic bases, although they contain two nitrogen atoms (why?). Strychnine white powder, m.p. 288 288°C, C, intensely bitter taste and has very stable structure. It is very powerful poison. Brucine is dimethoxy strychnine. The alkaloid is easily soluble is EtOH, ether, and acetone (much more than strychnine). It is much less poisonous than strychnine. It is used in nitrate limit test and as denaturant agent for alcohols and oils. Atallah F. Ahmed, PhD 2010 9 10 5/30/2010 5
Page 1 and 2: Plant Alkaloids Atallah F. Ahmed, P
Page 3: Physostigmine (Eserine = eseroline
Page 7 and 8: 6.3.Vinca Alkaloids (Bis-indole Alk
Page 9 and 10: Problems and Solutions for Vinca di
Page 11 and 12: Ergot alkaloids Ergot is hard scler
Page 13 and 14: The isomeric series derived from (+
Page 15 and 16: Obstetric use: Ergometrine should b

Plant Alkaloids Atallah F. Ahmed

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