Echinoderms and Chordates: Introduction to the phylum and fishes ...
Echinoderms and Chordates: Introduction to the phylum and fishes ...
Echinoderms and Chordates: Introduction to the phylum and fishes ...
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Fig. 34.12: Bony Vertebrates<br />
include 3 taxa of fish, <strong>and</strong><br />
tetrapods (amphibians,<br />
mammals <strong>and</strong> reptiles):<br />
Pharyngeal gill slits<br />
CHORDATA<br />
Dorsal hollow nerve cord<br />
No<strong>to</strong>chord<br />
Muscular, post-anal tail<br />
How would you describe <strong>the</strong><br />
phylogeny of fish (highlighted<br />
in blue)?<br />
a. Aphyletic<br />
b. Monophyletic<br />
c. Oligophyletic<br />
d. Paraphyletic<br />
e. polyphyletic<br />
Outgroups <strong>to</strong> Chordata<br />
Vertebrae, cranium<br />
Jaws<br />
Lungs, internal bone (endoskele<strong>to</strong>n)<br />
Lobed fins<br />
Radial symmetry<br />
Water vascular system<br />
Loss of pharyngeal gill slits<br />
Limbs<br />
Amniotic egg<br />
Scales with hard keratin<br />
Loss of pharyngeal gill slits<br />
Lactation, fur<br />
<strong>Echinoderms</strong><br />
Acorn worms<br />
Xenoturbella<br />
Lancelets<br />
Tunicates<br />
Hagfish<br />
Lampreys<br />
Sharks, rays,<br />
skates<br />
Ray finned<br />
<strong>fishes</strong><br />
Coelacanths<br />
Lungfish<br />
AMPHIBIA<br />
Frogs, <strong>to</strong>ads<br />
Salam<strong>and</strong>ers<br />
Mammals<br />
REPTILIA<br />
Lizards, snakes<br />
Turtles<br />
Alliga<strong>to</strong>rs,<br />
crocodiles<br />
Birds<br />
Pro<strong>to</strong>s<strong>to</strong>mes<br />
Deuteros<strong>to</strong>mes<br />
CHORDATA<br />
CHORDATA<br />
VERTEBRATA<br />
GNATHOSTOMATA<br />
SARCOPTERYGII<br />
TETRAPODA<br />
AMNIOTA
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