Straightforward Unit 3 Vocab & Translation

SB p26
consumer society (noun [C])
a consumer
waste one‟s money (on sth)
fritter money away (on sth)
(separable phrasal verb )
A consumer society is a society in which people frequently
buy new goods, especially goods which are not essential,
and which places a high value on owning many things
Health-conscious consumers want more information about
the food they buy.
Unit 3A: Consumer society
société de consommation
consommateur, -trice
He wastes his money on gadgets. gaspiller son argent (pour qch)
He frittered away the money his father had left him. gaspiller
set money aside (separable phrasal verb) She‟s setting aside some money for her trip to India. mettre de côté
squander + money/fortune/inheritance (on sth)
He squandered all his money on gambling. gaspiller + argent ; dissiper, dilapider +
fortune / héritage
settle + debt/bill Please settle your bill before leaving the hotel. rembourser, s‟acquitter de + dette ;
régler+ note ou facture
run up a debt (separable phrasal verb) How did he manage to run up so many debts? s‟endetter
pay off + debt/creditor/loan
(separable phrasal verb)
We paid off our car after five years. s‟acquitter de, régler+ dette ; rembourser
+ créancier, prêt
clear + debt She‟s happy because she cleared a big debt yesterday. s‟acquitter de
raise + money (for sth) We are raising money for cancer research. réunir/rassembler/se procurer
donate + money
They donated £1,000 to charity. (oeuvres de bienfaisance) faire don de, donner
spend money lavishly (on sth) She spends money lavishly on clothes. dépenser sans compter
spend money freely/wisely/heavily dépenser sans compter/avec
sagesse/beaucoup
novel (adj) Karyn had a novel solution to her problem. original
beggar I gave some money to the street beggar. mendicant(e)
1

eg (-gg-) or sth (verb) She had to beg for money and food for her children. mendier
entertainer Patrick Lapp is a well-known radio entertainer. artiste (de music-hall, etc)
caution (U/C)
Caution means a warning or a piece of advice about a possible
danger or risk: Just a word of caution—the cheaper models
probably aren’t worth buying.
a cautionary tale Her story is a cautionary tale for women travelling alone. un récit édifiant
a fairy tale Cinderella (Cendrillon) is a fairy tale. un conte de fées
responsible (for sth)
irresponsible
dough [U] (old-fashioned slang)
bail sb out (separable phrasal verb)
plead (for sth)
charity (U)
Who is responsible for this terrible mess? responsible de qch
It would be irresponsible to ignore the situation. irresponsable
I don‟t want to work but I need the dough. fric, pognon
She keeps running up huge debts and asking friends to bail
her out.
He was on his knees, pleading for mercy(=la clémence) /
forgiveness.
(sens figuré) renflouer
implorer (qch), supplier
She lives on charity. charité, aumône (vivre d‟aumônes)
charity (countable) UNICEF is an international charity. association caritative, oeuvre de
bienfaisance
a stroke of genius
benefactor
plough through a book
It was such a brilliant idea - a real stroke of genius. un trait de génie
A benefactor is someone who gives money to help an
organization, society or person.
bienfaiteur
I ploughed through the history book. (sens figuré) lire laborieusement un livre
have sb on (informal) (separable phrasal verb) That's your new car? You're having me on! faire marcher qn
guileless (adj)
ingénue (noun)
She regarded him with wide, guileless blue eyes. candide, sans malice
An ingénue is a young woman who lacks experience and is
very trusting, especially as played in films and plays
ingénue
2

hick (US, informal disapproving)
bimbo (slang, disapproving)
panic-stricken (adj)
binge (noun, informal)
sth sucks (especially US, slang)
A hick is a person from the countryside who is considered
to be stupid and lacking experience.
A bimbo is a young woman considered to be attractive but
not intelligent.
He went out with a succession of blonde bimbos.
The streets were full of panic-stricken people trying to
escape the tear gas.
A binge is an occasion when an activity is done in an
extreme way, especially eating, drinking or spending
money.
She went on a two-day spending binge in London.
Sth sucks is used to say that sth is very bad.
Their new CD sucks.
It sucks.
pin (-nn-) (verb) He pinned the information on the bulletin board. (tableau
d’affichage)
buck (noun [C], informal) Can I borrow a couple of bucks? dollar
banish (verb) We want to banish poverty. bannir
karma (U) I believe in karma. darma
be in the black (idiom) To be in the black means to have money, for example in
your bank account.
The company managed to stay in the black for the year
ending December 31.
stacks of sth (informal ) Stacks of sth means a large amount of sth:
She received stacks of emails.
péquenaud(e) (=paysan)
(pejorative) ravissante idiote
affolé, pris de panique
C‟est un tas de conneries.
fixer avec une punaise; épingler
avoir de l‟argent
un tas de, plein de
bump into sb (phrasal verb, fused) I bumped into Jane in the supermarket. rencontrer qn par hasard
panhandle (verb, informal) He was arrested for panhandling. faire la manche
3

chuckle (noun)
have a chuckle
busker (noun)
pedicure
manicure
We had a good chuckle over it.
gloussement, petit rire
Ça nous a fait bien rire.
Do you ever give money to buskers? musicien(ne) ambulant / des rues
I have a pedicure every month. soins des pieds
I have a manicure every three weeks. manucure
fake a fake passport; a fake Rolex watch faux
come in for criticism
to germinate
memoir
The government came in for severe criticism. se faire critiquer
I felt an idea germinating in my head/mind. germer
A memoir is a book or other piece of writing based on the
writer's personal knowledge of famous people, places or
events: She has written a memoir of her encounters with
W.H. Auden over the years.
book price prix de livre
mémoire; notice biographique
bottom line The bottom line is that we have to make a decision today. (figuré) l‟essentiel
SB page 28
rubbish (U)
food scraps (noun, plural)
When do they collect the rubbish? ordures
We give all our food scraps to our dog. restes (=nourriture)
Unit 3B Rubbish
a bottle bank Take glass to the bottle bank. conteneur pour verre usagé
throw away sth (phrasal verb, separable) Throw away sth means to get rid of (=se débarrasser de) sth
that you no longer want. That old chair should be thrown
away.
bulky (adj)
a civic amenity site
Bulky items will be collected separately. volumineux, encombrant
jeter
A civic amenity site is a place where especially large pieces déchetterie
4

of rubbish can be taken and left.
a tip A tip is a place where especially large pieces of rubbish can
be taken and left.
We need to take this old carpet to the tip.
a skip Debris was loaded (=chargé) into skips. benne
household refuse (uncountable)
déchetterie
ordures ménagères
put out sth (phrasal verb, separable) I forgot to put the rubbish out for collection this morning. Sortir, mettre dehors (+ordures)
a dustman (plural dustmen)
dustcart
He‟s a dustman. éboueur, boueux
The noise of the dustcart woke me up. Camion des éboueurs / des boueux
rubbish collection (U) There is no rubbish collection on Sundays. Collecte
a pile
litter (U)
waste (U)
a pile of rubbish tas ; pile
Litter is small pieces of rubbish such as paper, cans (=boîtes
[de conserve]) and bottles, that people have left lying in a
public place.
There will be fines(=amende, contravention) for people
who drop litter.
Waste is materials that are no longer needed and are thrown
away.
Britain produces 20 million tonnes of household waste each
year.
e-waste / electronic waste (U) Old fridges, cookers, computers, TVs and DVD players are
examples of e-waste
detritus; ordures; vieux papiers
déchets;
ordures (ménagères)
déchets éléctroniques
a bin boîte à ordures, poubelle
drop (-pp-) To drop litter means to make litter fall deliberately. Laisser tomber; lâcher
5

a landfill site
to decompose
to decay
Ninety per cent of American rubbish is dumped in landfill
sites.
Decompose means to be destroyed gradually by natural
chemical processes.
Garden waste decomposes to make compost.
Decompose and decay are synonyms.
Garden waste decays to make compost.
to grab (-bb-) He grabbed (hold of) his child's arm to stop her from
running into the road.
crockery (U) (especially BrE)
a pallet
flashy (adjective, disapproving)
junk (U)
They would like crockery and cutlery(=couverts) as
wedding presents.
A pallet is a flat wooden structure onto which heavy goods
are loaded so that they can be moved using a fork-lift truck
(= a small vehicle with two strong bars of metal on the front
which is used for lifting heavy goods)
flashy clothes
a flashy car
flashy gold jewellery
6
Décharge/centre d‟enfouissement des
déchets
se décomposer
se décomposer
saisir, empoigner
vaisselle
pallette
tape-à-l‟oeil
The attic (=grenier) is full of junk. bric-à-brac, vieilleries
a junk shop I found this chair in a junk shop. (boutique de) brocante
compost (U)
a cheapskate (informal, disapproving)
disposable (adj)
to tackle a problem
to hail sb/sth as sth
compost
What a cheapskate he is! radin
disposable nappies
a disposable camera
couches jetables
There are many ways of tackling this problem. aborder, s‟attaquer à (+ problème)
She's being hailed as one of the best up-and-coming young
dancers today.
The conference was hailed as a great success.
saluer

countless
at a premium (idiom)
I've heard it played countless times on the radio. innombrable
If sth is at a premium, there is little of it available and it is
difficult to get:
Space is at a premium in a one-bedroomed flat.
(figuré) précieux
stuffing (U) Textiles are turned into stuffing for furniture. rembourrage
a perk Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health
insurance.
to chuck out sth (informal, phrasal verb,
separable)
I chucked out my old T-shirts. balancer
À-côté / avantage annexe
to wear off The initial effect of the PlasTax has worn off. se dissiper, disparâitre
to pick up sth (phrasal verb, separable) To buy something cheaply:
She picked up some real bargains in the sale.
dénicher
a bargain This coat was half-price - a real bargain. occasion,affaire
SB p30
contest I entered a danse/singing/writing/beauty contest. concours
to wolf sth down (informal)
to dunk
to confide (sth to sb)
a slot
The boys wolfed the sandwiches down and then started on
the cakes.
Unit 3C Competitive eating
engloutir
She dunked a biscuit in her tea. tremper
He confided (to her) that his hair was not his own. confier (qch à qn)
Slot means a position, a time or an opportunity for sb/sth,
for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of
broadcasts.
Their album has occupied the Number One slot for the past
six weeks.
place
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to ponder sth (formal) She sat back for a minute to ponder her next move in the
game.
a stronghold
to choke
nauseated (adj)
to masticate (formal)
Rural areas have been traditionally thought of as a
stronghold of old-fashioned attitudes.
She choked to death on a fish bone. étouffer
considérer, peser, réfléchir à/sur
( igure) bastion
mastiquer, mâcher
oversized (adj) He wore an oversized white T-shirt. trop grand
a sip
Have/take a sip of water. gorgée
to overeat I wasn‟t well because I had overeaten. trop mangé
thrilled (adj)
I was thrilled that so many people turned up to the party. ravi
to oversleep I forgot to set my alarm and I overslept. Ne pas se reveiller à l‟heure; dormir trop
to be overdrawn
They were overdrawn by £150, so they couldn't write any
cheques.
The account (=compte) was overdrawn.
overworked (adj) Overworked means made to work too hard or too much.
overworked nurses
overtired (adj) Overtired means extremely tired, so that you become
irritated easily.
à découvert (de £150)
surmené, surcharge de travail
oversensitive (adj) Oversensitive means too easily upset or offended. trop sensible, trop susceptible
overrated (adj)
surmené
In my opinion, she's a hugely overrated singer. Surfeait, qui ne mérite pas sa réputation
overpaid (adj) He was overpaid by £50. trop payé, surpayé
overexposed (adj) Overexposed means seen too much on television, in the
newspapers, etc.
Britney Spears is overexposed in newspapers.
surexposé
overpriced (adj) Overpriced means too expensive; costing more than it is excessivement cher
8

nauseate
worth.
These shoes are very nice, but they're terribly overpriced.
He's nauseated by the smell of meat cooking. écœurer, donner la nausée à
binge drinking It disturbs me to hear reports of binge drinking by teenagers. dipsomanie
to do sth to excess
They both eat to excess (= too much). faire qch à l'excès
in excess of There will be an increase in tax for those earning in excess
of (= more than) twice the national average wage
(=‟salaire’).
to take sth to extremes Most people I know work fairly hard but she takes it to
extremes.
to bombard sb with sth
plus de
pousser qch à l'extrême
The children bombarded her with questions. bombarder qn de qch
to be overkill (U) (disapproving) Overkill means much more of something than is needed,
resulting in less effectiveness.
Should I add an explanation, or would that be overkill?
to be over the top (idiom, informal) Over the top means done to an exaggerated degree and with
too much effort.
excruciating (adj)
SB p 32
The special effects are a bit over the top but I enjoyed the
film.
être exagéré
an excruciating pain in the lower back insoutenable
to rust Older cars will begin to rust. rouiller
to reel
If you reel, or your mind or brain reels, you feel very
confused or shocked and unable to act:
We were reeling (in amazement/shock/delight, etc.)
from/with the news that we had won all that money.
(film, livre) dépasser la mesure
Unit 3D A cautionary tale
ébranler
9

a quarry
a granite/limestone/marble/slate quarry carrière
to blacklist A list of people, countries, etc. who are considered by a
particular authority or group to be unacceptable and who
should be avoided and not trusted:
They were blacklisted because of their extreme right-wing
views.
mettre sur la liste noire
money-laundering (U) It‟s the largest money-laundering scandal in history. blanchiment d‟argent
a cash handout Money that is given free to somebody who has a great need
for it:
The poor were waiting for a cash handout to buy rice.
a garden shed un abri de jardin, cabane
amiable (adj)
He‟s an amiable man. aimable, gentil
bulging (adj) He had a bulging waistline (=tour de taille) protubérant
junk food or junk (noun [U], informal,
disapproving)
Junk food or junk is food that is unhealthy but is quick and
easy to eat.
To eat junk food/junk
manger des cochonneries
life expectancy Women have a longer life expectancy than men. espérance de vie
a tax heaven
The island has become a tax haven. paradis fiscal
clock The Mini had over 5,000 miles on the clock. compteur (kilométrique)
a conman (informal) He was a conman. escroc
envy (U)
enviable / unenviable (adj)
to expect
I watched with envy as she set off for the airport. envie
She's in the enviable position of being able to choose who
she works for.
enviable / peu enviable
We are expecting a lot of applicants for the job. s‟attendre à
expected / unexpected (adj) Expected means normal and what usually happens: attendu / inattendu, imprévu
10

faith (U)
All parents of small children get tired. It's to be expected.
faith in God
to have faith in sb
faithful (adj) fidèle
foi, confiance
global (adj) On a global scale (=à l’échelle mondiale) mondial
avoir confiance en qn
global warming (U) What are the effects of global warming on the environment? réchauffement de la planète
a home I got home at 7 pm. maison, chez-soi
homeless (adj) Accommodation (=logement) needs to be found for
thousands of homeless families.
sans foyer, sans abri
imagine (s‟)imaginer
imaginative (adj) He has imaginative plans to bring tourists to his country. imaginative; plein
d‟imagination;inventif
numerous (adj)
We have discussed these plans on numerous occasions. nombreux
persuade sb to do sth persuader qn de faire qch
persuasive (adj)
He can be very persuasive. persuasif
rain (noun) pluie
rainy (adj) a rainy day pluvieux / de pluie
substance (U)
substantial (adj)
The findings (résultats des recherches) show a substantial
difference between the opinions of men and women.
substance
important, considérable
11

READING SB p. 36-37
drive sb, to distraction etc. INFORMAL
to make somebody
feel nervous, anxious:
UNIT 4A : VOICING COMPLAINTS
Our buses drive me to distraction. They are either full
or late.
12
Rendre nerveux
have had it up to here be fed up with sth I have had it up here with buses! En avoir eu jusque là
shambolic
adjective UK INFORMAL
confused and badly
organized:
to be sick to death of sth to be really fed up
with sth
outfit
noun [C]
an organisation,
company, team,
military unit, etc.
masquerade as sb/sth phrasal verb to pretend or appear to
be someone or
something:
misnomer
noun [C]
full to bursting (CONTAINING A LOT)
adjective
sail past
weary
adjective
a name that does not
suit what it refers to,
or the use of such a
name:
(of a container or a
space) holding or
containing as much as
possible or a lot; be
completely full
To move quickly
1 very tired, especially
after working hard for
a long time:
2 weary of bored with
Things are often a bit shambolic at the beginning of
the school year.
Anna is far too shambolic to be able to run a
business.
I am sick to death of the service offered by this bus
company.
He has recently set up his own research outfit, which
has as yet no name.
Hooligans masquerading as football fans have once
again caused disturbances.
It was the scruffiest place I've ever stayed in, so
'Hotel Royal' was a bit of a misnomer.
It's something of a misnomer to refer to these
inexperienced boys as soldiers.
I tried to get in the cinema last night but it was full to
bursting.
En avoir marre, ras le
bol de qqch
Une petite entreprise
Se travestir
Abus de langage
Plein à craquer
The bus sailed past the bus stop without stopping. Passer devant
1. I think he's a little weary after his long journey.
Here, sit down and rest your weary legs.
2. I've been going out with the same people to the
Fatigue, las,

something because
you have experienced
too much of it:
lay sth on (PROVIDE) phrasal verb [M] to provide something
for a group of people:
infuriating
adjective
making someone
extremely angry:
give sb a piece of your mind INFORMAL to speak angrily to
someone about
something they have
done wrong:
kick up a fuss/row/stink INFORMAL to show great
annoyance about
something, especially
when this does not
seem necessary:
same clubs for years and I've just grown weary of it.
They lay on free entertainment at the club every day.
They laid on a wonderful buffet after the wedding.
It's infuriating when people keep spelling your name
wrong, isn't it?
I'm going to give that mechanic a piece of my mind if
the car's not fixed this time.
Offrir mettre à
disposition
13
Rageant, énervant
Expliquer sa manière
de voir
He kicked up a tremendous fuss about having to wait. Faire du foin
get on sb‟s nerves to annoy someone a lot We really got on each other‟s nerves when we were
living together.
Drive sb mad To make someone
extremely annoyed
smooth-talking
adjective
flier
mutter
verb [I or T]
mutter under one‟s breath
very polite, confident
and persuasive in a
way that is not sincere:
a small piece of paper
with information on it
about a product or
event
to speak quietly and in
a low voice that is not
easy to hear, often
when you are anxious
or complaining about
something:
Please stop making that noise ! It really gets on my
nerves.
Taper sur les nerfs
Stop making that noise ! It‟s driving me mad. Rendre fou
The foreign minister is so smooth that many of his
colleagues distrust him.
In job interviews, the successful candidates tend to be
the smooth talkers who know exactly how to make
the right impression.
Être un beau parleur
Have you seen the flier about next Friday‟s concert? Un papillon,
Stop muttering and speak up!
He was muttering (away) to himself.
Laurence muttered something about his wife and left.
He muttered something under his breath to the
Murmurer
Marmonner dans sa

mutter
noun
moan (COMPLAIN) verb [I] INFORMAL
DISAPPROVING
have a good old moan noun [C] INFORMAL
DISAPPROVING
get sth off your chest INFORMAL
hoop
noun [C]
trapeze
noun [C]
1 [C or S] (the sound
of) words being said
very quietly:
2. [C] a complaint
which is made
privately:
to make a complaint in
an unhappy voice,
usually about
something which does
not seem important to
other people:
to tell someone about
something that has
been worrying you or
making you feel guilty
for a long time:
a ring of wood, metal
or plastic, or
sometimes a half ring:
a short bar hanging
high up in the air from
two ropes, which
acrobats use to
perform special
swinging movements:
freak(sb) out to become or cause
someone to become
extremely emotional:
juggle
(ENTERTAIN) verb [I or T]
to throw several
objects up into the air,
and then catch and
throw them up
repeatedly so that one
person next to him. barbe
1. I heard the soft mutter of voices in the next room.
2. There were mutters that other departments
received more money than ours.
Thelma's always moaning (about something), and
forgets how lucky she actually is.
[+ speech] "I don't like potatoes, " he moaned.
Apart from a slight moan about the waiter, he seemed
to enjoy the meal.
I had spent two months worrying about it and I was
glad to get it off my chest.
Murmure
Geindre
14
Râler, se plaindre un bon
coup
Exprimer ses
sentiments
The dogs had been trained to jump through hoops. Un cerceau
A glamorous couple performed on the flying trapeze.
trapeze artists
He freaked out when he heard he'd got the job.
This song just freaks me out whenever I hear it.
We all watched in amazement as he juggled with
three flaming torches.
Trapéziste
Pîquer une crise/flipper
Jongler

juggler noun [C]
show off (MAKE SEEN) phrasal verb
or more stays in the
air, usually in order to
entertain people:
a person who juggles
objects in order to
entertain people
to behave in a way
which is intended to
attract attention or
admiration, and which
other people often find
annoying:
get up sb's nose MAINLY UK INFORMAL to annoy someone:
WAYS OF SPEAKING SB p. 37
She only bought that sports car to show off and prove
she could afford one.
He's always showing off to his classmates.
jongleur
„Rouler les
mécaniques‟
People who drive like that really get up my nose. Hérisser le poil,
be on everyone‟s lips The question now on everyone‟s lips is “Will the
Prime Minister resign?”
get one‟s tongue round (sth) to pronounce a
difficult word or
phrase
keep one‟s mouth shut Not talk about
something
lie through one‟s teeth (lied/lying) To tell someone
something which you
know is completely
false
bellow
verb [I or T]
bellow
to shout in a loud
voice, or (of a cow or
large animal) to make
a loud, deep sound:
It‟s one language that I have real difficulty getting
my tongue round.
I don‟t know whether to tell him what I know or keep
my mouth shut.
He asked me how old I was and, lying through my
teeth, I said 20.
[+ speech] "Keep quiet!" the headmaster bellowed
across the room.
We could hear the sergeant bellowing commands to
his troops.
15
Tout le monde en parle
Prononcer qqch de
difficile
Ne rien dire, se la
coincer
Mentir comme un
arracheur de dents
Brailler, hurler
He gave a bellow of rage. Hurlement cri

noun [C]
grunt
verb [I]
grunt noun [C]
shriek
verb [I or T]
sigh
verb [I]
(of a pig) to make a
low rough noise, or (of
a person) to make a
short low sound
instead of speaking,
usually because of
anger or pain:
Produce a short, loud,
high cry, especially
one produced suddenly
as an expression of a
powerful emotion:
1 to breathe out slowly
and noisily, expressing
tiredness, sadness,
pleasure, boredom,
etc:
2 If the wind sighs, it
makes a long, soft
sound as it moves
through trees:
snap (SPEAK) verb [I or T] -pp- to say something
suddenly in an angry
way:
stutter (SPEAK) verb [I] to speak or say
something, especially
the first part of a word,
with difficulty, for
example pausing
before it or repeating it
several times:
voice criticism of
to say what you think
about a particular
subject, especially to
express a doubt,
complaint, etc. that
you have about it:
The pigs were grunting contentedly as they ate their
food.
He hauled himself over the wall, grunting with the
effort.
[+ speech] "Too tired, " he grunted and sat down.
Loud grunts were coming from the pig sty.
We shrieked with laughter when we realized how
stupid we'd been.
I tried to apologize, but he just shrieked abuse at me.
[+ speech] "Don't you dare do that ever again!" she
shrieked.
She sighed deeply and sat down.
[+ speech] "I wish he was here, " she sighed (= she
said with a sigh).
I lay on my back, listening to the sound of the wind
sighing in the trees.
There's no need to snap at me - it's not my fault that
you lost your wallet.
[+ speech] "Well, I hate you too!" she snapped.
She stutters a bit, so let her finish what she's saying.
[+ speech] "C-c-can we g-go now?" stuttered Jenkins.
I have on several occasions voiced my objections to
the plan to management.
Grogner
grognement
Hurler
16
S‟esclaffer de rire
Soupirer
Aboyer
Bredouiller
Exprimer
Donner voix à

whine
verb [I]
whisper (WAY OF SPEAKING)
verb [I or T]
VOCABULARY SB p. 38
Boom - verb [I]
booming adjective
boom
noun [C or U]
croak (SOUND) verb [I or T]
croaky (adjective)
1 to make a long, high,
sad sound:
2 DISAPPROVING If
you whine, especially
as a child, you
complain or express
dissatisfaction
continually:
to speak very quietly,
using the breath but
not the voice, so that
only the person close
beside you can hear
you:
To make a very deep
and loud hollow
sound.
a period of sudden
economic growth,
especially one that
results in a lot of
money being made:
1 When animals such
as frogs and crows
croak, they call
making deep rough
sounds.
2 When you croak
Leon's dog was sitting by the door whining, so I
thought I'd better take it for a walk.
Alice, if you carry on whining like that I won't take
you - do you understand!
She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
What are you two girls whispering about?
[+ speech] "Where are the toilets?" she whispered.
It's rude to whisper!
The cannons boomed (out) in the night.
He boomed (out) an order to the soldiers.
A booming voice
Gémir, geindre
Murmurer
UNIT 4B : VOICE COMPLAINTS
This year has seen a boom in book sales.
The insurance business suffered from a vicious cycle
of boom and bust.
the property boom
Tonner
Tonitruer
puissante
Essor
Croasser
éraillé
17

disguise (one‟s voice)
verb [T]
expressionless
adjective
high-pitched (VOICE)
adjective
hoarse
adjective
lower
verb [T] (SOUND)
raise (INCREASE)
verb [T]
shaky
adjective
because you have a
sore or dry throat, you
speak with a rough
voice.
1 to give a new
appearance to a person
or thing, especially in
order to hide its true
form:
2 to hide an opinion, a
feeling, etc:
I couldn't disguise my
disappointment
not showing what
someone thinks or
feels:
A voice that is highpitched
is higher than
usual.
(of a voice or a
person) having a rough
voice, often because of
a sore throat or a cold:
(to make a sound or
voice) quieter
to cause something to
increase or become
bigger, better, higher,
etc:
moving with quick,
short movements from
side to side, not in a
controlled way:
sounding as if
frightened or nervous
squeak (SOUND) to make a short very
high cry or sound:
He disguised himself by shaving his head and
wearing a false beard.
Minor skin imperfections can usually be disguised
with a spot of make-up.
Déguiser
18
Occulter, cacher
He has such an expressionless face/voice. Sans expression, neutre
a hoarse voice
You'll make yourself hoarse if you keep shouting like
that!
He lowered his voice when he approached us.
I had to raise my voice (= speak more loudly) to
make myself heard over the noise.
Her voice was shaky as she spoke about the person
who attacked her.
The mice in the cupboard squeaked.
The door squeaked as it swung back and forth on its
Haut perché
aigü
Enroué, rauque
Baisser
Parler plus bas
Augmenter
lever
Tremblant, hésitant
Mal assuré
Grincer

verb [I]
noun [C]
squeaky [adjective]
strain (one‟s voice) To try very hard to
tremble
verb [I]
trembling
larynx (plural larynxes or SPECIALIZED
larynges) noun [C] (INFORMAL voice box)
vocal cords
LISTENING SB p. 38
speech therapy noun [U]
speech therapist noun [C]
to shake slightly,
usually because you
are cold, frightened, or
very emotional:
a muscular hollow
organ between the
nose and the lungs
which contains the
tissue that moves very
quickly to create the
human voice and
many animal sounds
the treatment of people
who have difficulty
speaking:
rusty hinges.
She let out a squeak of fright at the sight of the
spider.
If I hear one more squeak out of you (= if you say
anything else), there'll be trouble!
When he came out of the water, he was trembling
with cold.
Her bottom lip trembled and tears welled up in her
eyes.
He answered the question in a trembling voice.
She needed speech therapy after she suffered severe
head injuries in a car accident.
A speech therapist helped him overcome his stammer.
grinçant
Forcer sa voix
Trembler
Larynx
Cordes vocales
Logopédie
logopédiste
19

voice lift Vocal cord surgery for
cosmetic purposes
catchy
adjective
collagen
noun [U]
all manner of ills
(FORMAL)
navel noun [C] (INFORMAL belly button)
tummy button noun [C]
UK INFORMAL
hunch (BEND) verb [I or T]
hunched
adjective
(especially of a tune or
song) pleasing and easy
to remember:
a protein found
especially in the joints
of humans and animals
Many different kinds of
problems and
difficulties
to lean forward with
your shoulders raised or
to bend your back and
shoulders into a
rounded shape:
READING SB p. 40-41 & VOCABULARY EMOTIONAL REACTIONS
blubber (CRY)
verb [I] (UK informal blub) informal
disapproving
cheer (sb) up (HAPPIER) phrasal verb [M]
to cry in a noisy and
childish way:
.
If someone cheers up,
or something cheers
them up, they start to
feel happier:
a catchy tune
a song with catchy lyrics
a catchy name/slogan for the new product
20
Opération de la voix
Entraînant
Collagène
All manner of ills have affected this poor man. Toutes sortes de
We hunched round the fire to keep warm.
Stand up straight and don't hunch your back.
Sitting hunched over a computer all day can cause
problems.
Nombril
Nombril
Se pencher, se
courber
Courbé, penché
UNIT 4C : IN THE LIMELIGHT
There he sat, cowering against the wall, blubbering
like a child.
Oh stop blubbing! Your knee can't hurt that much.
She was ill so I sent her some flowers to cheer her up.
He cheered up at the prospect of a meal.
Cheer up! It's not that bad!
Geindre
Égayer
encourager

close to tears On the verge of crying
come over all tearful to suddenly become
very …
cry your eyes out
scare/frighten the life out of sb
get sb down (MAKE UNHAPPY) phrasal
verb
get over sth/sb
phrasal verb
get worked up
adjective [after verb]
lachrymose
LITERARY
laugh out loud
verb [I]
to cry a lot:
to frighten someone
very much
(1 to make someone
feel fear)
If something gets you
down, it makes you feel
unhappy and
dissatisfied:
to get better after an
illness, or feel better
after something or
someone has made you
unhappy:
get upset or feeling
strong emotions
sad or tending to cry
often and easily:
laugh a lot
.
[R] She went shopping to cheer herself up.
Emma looked close to tears (= almost going to cry). Proche de
He came over all tearful. Devenir
21
I was so upset that day, I cried my eyes out. Pleurer à chaudes
larmes
He frightens the life out of me when he drives so fast.
The noise frightened me to death/out of my wits (=
gave me a severe fright).
The chaos in his house was starting to get him down.
I know it's frustrating, but don't let it get you down.
She was only just getting over the flu when she got a
stomach bug.
It took him years to get over the shock of his wife
dying.
It took her months to get over Rupert when he
finished the relationship.
It's easy to get worked up when you're tired and
everything seems to be against you.
He was very worked up about seeing his family again
after so many years.
He is better known for his lachrymose ballads than
hard rock numbers.
It's very rare that a book is so good you actually laugh
out loud.
It was so funny, I burst out laughing (= laughed
suddenly and loudly). I laughed till I cried.
Flanquer la frousse,
effrayer
Abattre, accabler
Surmonter
Ebranlé, bouleversé
Triste
Rire fort

put sb in a good mood To cause someone to
feel happy and cheerful
roar with laughter
phrasal verb
scare (sb) to death
the sniffles
take sb by surprise (ALSO take sb unawares)
tremble with anger
watery-eyed
adjective
fall flat
meringue
noun
[C or U]
simper
verb [I]
drain (REMOVE LIQUID) verb [I or T]
to express an emotion,
such as laughter or
anger, noisily:
to breathe in quickly
and repeatedly through
the nose, usually
because you are crying
or because you have a
cold:
to surprise someone:
to shake slightly,
usually because you are
cold, frightened, or
very emotional:
Full of water
If a joke, idea or
suggestion falls flat, it
does not have the
intended effect:
a very light sweet cake
made by mixing sugar
with the colourless part
of an egg and baking it:
to smile in a foolish or
silly way:
If you drain something,
you remove the liquid
22
She's in a good/bad mood. Mettre qqun de
bonne humeur
She roared with laughter when she saw what he was
wearing.
Meeting new people scares me stiff/to death (=
makes me extremely nervous and anxious).
Eclater de
Effrayer, faire une
peur bleue
The sniffles started the very moment the animal died. Reniflements
The sudden noise took her unawares.
It took her by surprise.
Prendre qqun par
surprise
He trembled with anger when he heard the news. Trembler
Her eyes were red and watery from crying.
He made several jokes and each of them fell flat. Tomber à plat
lemon meringue pie Meringue
She gave her teacher a simpering smile. Minauder
Drain the pasta thoroughly.
We drained the pond and filled it with fresh water.
Drainer, assécher,
ôter l‟eau

lounge about/around (sth) phrasal verb
self-restraint
noun [U]
showbiz noun [U]
INFORMAL FOR show business
facile
adjective
tuxedo (plural tuxedos)
noun [C]
swanky
adjective
from it, usually by
pouring it away or
allowing it to flow
away, and if something
drains, liquid flows
9away or out of it:
to spend your time in a
relaxed way, sitting or
lying somewhere and
doing very little:
control of your own
actions:
the entertainment
business, especially the
part which is
considered to be
popular but not very
artistic or serious:
describes a remark or
theory which is too
simple and has not been
thought about enough:
a man's black or white
jacket worn at formal
social events, usually in
the evening, with
matching trousers and a
bow tie
1 INFORMAL very
expensive and
fashionable, in a way
that is intended to
attract people's
attention and
admiration:
2 DISAPPROVING
behaving too
confidently:
Drain (off) any liquid that is left in the rice.
Don't bother drying the pans - just leave them to drain.
We spent our days lounging around the pool. Trainer
He was angry but managed, with great self-restraint,
to reply calmly.
Stars of the entertainment world turned out to
celebrate his 40th year in show business.
A charity dinner attended by a host of showbiz
personalities.
a facile explanation
We must avoid facile recriminations about who was to
blame.
1. We stayed in a swanky hotel.
2. I'm sick of his swanky talk.
Retenue
Le showbiz
Facile
simpliste
Complet
De luxe
prétentieux
23

After-dinner speaker Someone who makes a
speech after a formal
meal
Unsung hero
adjective
surveyor noun [C]
not noticed or praised
for hard work, bravery
or great achievements:
1 a person whose job is
to measure and record
the details of areas of
land
2 UK (US structural
engineer) a person who
is specially trained to
examine buildings and
discover whether there
are any problems with
their structure
maintain one‟s composure to keep calm and in
control
covet
verb [T] FORMAL
nominee
noun [C]
backslapping noun [U]
the limelight
noun [S]
to desire something
strongly, especially
something which
belongs to someone
else:
someone who has been
nominated, that is,
officially suggested for
an election, job,
position or honour:
a noisy expression of
happiness and positive
feelings, usually
showing admiration for
a shared success:
public attention and
interest:
an unsung hero/heroine
I didn't want to lose my composure in front of her. I
wanted to maintain my composure.
She always coveted power but never quite achieved it.
The Booker Prize is the most coveted British literary
award.
24
Discours d‟après
repas
Héro anonyme
Géomètre
Expert en bâtiment
Garder son calme,
sauver la face
Convoiter
All nominees for Treasurer will be considered. Un candidat, un
There was a party after the ceremony where much
drinking and backslapping went on.
She's been in the limelight (= receiving a lot of public
attention and interest) recently, following the release
prétendant
Tapes sur le dos
Les feux de la scène

kid oneself
verb [I or T] -dd- INFORMAL
take some beating
to believe something
that is not true, usually
because you want it to
be true:
If something will take
some beating, it is so
good that it is hard to
improve on it:
of her controversial new film.
He says there's a good chance she'll come back to him
but I think he's kidding himself.
Se leurrer
25
Green's new world record will take some beating. Remporter la palme
LISTENING SB p. 42 UNIT 4D : SPEECH
Inaugurate
give sth your best shot INFORMAL to do something as well
as you can
(to propose) a toast to sb
toast verb [T]
human resources
plural noun
turn out en masse
phrasal verb
To propose a drink in
honour of
To hold up your glass
and then drink as an
expression of good
wishes or respect.
the department of an
organization that deals
with finding new
employees, keeping
records about all the
organization's
employees, and helping
them with any
problems
If people turn out for an
event, they go to be
there or to watch:
home.
The Eiffel Tower was inaugurated in 1889. Inaugurer
Se donner „à fond‟
I‟d like to propose a toast to the bride and groom. Un toast en
l‟honneur de
We toasted the happy couple. Lever son verre à ....
People turned out en masse to welcome the England
team.
Les ressources
humaines
Se ruer

SB p. 42
opt
verb [I]
outline
noun [C]
set out (JOURNEY) phrasal verb
set out (ACTIVITY) phrasal verb
slope
noun [C]
sloping
adjective
to make a choice,
especially for one thing
or possibility in
preference to any
others:
1 the main shape or
edge of something,
without any details:
2 a description of the
main facts about
something:
1. to start a long
journey
2. to start an activity
with a particular aim:
1 a surface which lies at
an angle to the
horizontal so that some
points on it are higher
than others:
2 (part of) the side of a
hill or mountain:
Mike opted for early retirement.
[+ to infinitive] Most people opt to have the operation.
1. She drew the outline of the boat and then coloured it
in.
2. If you read the minutes of the meeting, they'll give
you a broad outline of what was discussed.
Some novelists start by writing an outline (= plan of
the main points of the story).
1. The sailor set out on his voyage to America two
weeks ago.
2. She set out with the aim of becoming the youngest
ever winner of the championship.
[+ to infinitive] They set out to discover a cure for
cancer.
1. The roof is at a slope (= at an angle to a horizontal
surface) of 30°.
2. a ski/mountain slope
Snow had settled on some of the higher slopes.
There's a very steep slope just before you reach the
top of the mountain.
There are some nice gentle (= not steep) slopes that
we can ski down.
sloping handwriting/shoulders
The bedroom is in the roof so it's got a sloping ceiling.
Opter
26
1. Les contours
2. Les grandes lignes
Commencer un
voyage, partir en
voyage.
Ètre en pente.
pencher

READING (p. 46-47, ex 3)
an entrepreneur /ɒn.trə.prə‟nɜːr/ He was one of the entrepreneurs of the eighties who made their
money in property.
a mail order business /meɪl ɔː.dər ‟bɪz.nɪs/ A mail order is a way of buying goods in which you choose what
you want, usually from a catalogue, and it is sent to you.
to build sth up /bɪld ʌp/ The collection has been built up over the last ten years. créer
impoverished /ɪm‟pɒv.ər.ɪʃt/ He warned that the breakdown of the family unit would lead to an
impoverished society.
UNIT 5A : Entrepreneurs
un entrepreneur
une entreprise de commande par
correspondance
appauvri
a pensioner /‟penʃən.ər/ Students and pensioners can have a discount. un retraité
a vineyard /‟vɪn.jɑːd/ A vineyard is a piece of land on which vines (= plants which
produce grapes) are grown.
un vignoble
dourness U /dʊə(r)nəs/ He was criticized for his dourness. sérieux, froideur
frugality U /fru:‟gæl.ə.ti/ We must practise the strictest frugality and economy if we want to
save our company.
penny-pinching U /‟pen.ipɪn.t ʃɪŋ/ Local residents have accused the council of penny-pinching. économie de bouts de chandelle, le fait d‟être
pingre
to permeate /‟pɜː.mi.eɪt/ Dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated
every section of society.
frugalité
imprégner, transparaître dans
to trade in sth /treɪd ɪn/ The company has been trading in oil for many years. vendre, faire du commerce dans
to buy sth in bulk /bʌlk/ The office buys paper in bulk to keep down costs. acheter qch en gros
to turn sth out /tɜːn aʊt/ They turn out thousands of these games every week. fabriquer
to undercut /ʌn.də‟kʌt/ Big supermarkets can undercut all rivals, especially small highstreet
shops.
a cartel /kɑː‟tel/ A cartel is a group of similar independent companies which join
together to control prices and limit competition.
a breakthrough /‟breɪk.θru:/ Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in the search for a cure for
cancer.
27
concurrencer en offrant des prix plus
intéressants
un cartel
une percée, une avancée
a market leader /‟mɑːkɪt ‟li:.dər/ That table became a market leader in 1994. un produit vedette

to hit upon an idea /hɪt ə‟pɒn/ After running through the numbers in every possible combination,
we finally hit upon an idea.
a flat pack /‟flæt.pæk/ A flat pack is a piece of furniture that is sold in pieces inside a flat
box, ready for the buyer to put them together.
to pass sth down /pɑːs daʊn/ That golden watch was passed down from generation to
generation.
avoir une idée
un meuble en kit
transmettre qch
transient /‟træn.zi.ənt/ A glass of whisky has only a transient warming effect. éphémère
to hand sth out /hænd aʊt/ They stood on the street corner handing out leaflets. distribuer qch
a senior executive /‟si:.ni.ər ɪg‟zek.jʊ.tɪv/ She is now a senior executive, having worked her way up through
the company.
un cadre supérieur
a budget airline /‟bʌdʒ.ɪt ‟eə.laɪn/ “What budget airline did you fly?” “Easy Jet.” une compagnie aérienne low cost,
économique
cut-price /kʌt‟praɪs/ Young students often stay in cut-price hotels. à prix réduit
a limo /lɪməʊ/ A limo is a large expensive car, often driven by a chauffeur. une limousine
to fly long haul /flaɪ lɒŋ hɔːl/ Susan hates long haul flights. faire un vol long courrier
to offload sth on to sb /ɒf‟ləʊd/ I've managed to offload some of our old furniture on to a friend
who has just bought a house.
to row /rəʊ/ The wind dropped, so we had to row (the boat) back home. ramer
to bid for /bɪd fɔːr/ A foreign collector has bid £500 000 for the portrait. faire une offre
VOCABULARY : setting up in business (p. 48, ex 1)
se décharger sur, se débarrasser de
UNIT 5B : A new business
to set up in business /set ʌp ɪn ‟bɪz.nɪs/ Tell us how you went about setting up in business. se mettre à son compte
to market /‟mɑː.kɪt/ Their products are very cleverly marketed. commercialiser
to put together a business plan We got to work on putting together a business plan. rédiger un plan de développement
to set out one‟s goals You will be given a Back To Work plan which sets out our goals. se fixer des objectifs
a target market /‟tɑː.gɪt ‟mɑː.kɪt/ Children are a prime target market for food industries. un marché cible
28

sales forecast /seɪlz ‟fɔː.kɑːst/ Their sales forecast happened to be very good. des prévisions de vente
to secure financial backing /sɪ‟kjʊər faɪˈnænʃəl
‟bæk.ɪŋ/
Graham‟s achievements helped secure him a financial backing. s‟assurer un soutien financier
to pitch an idea /pɪtʃ ən aɪ‟dɪə/ She pitched her idea to me over a business lunch. lancer une idée
to obtain a return on an investment My investments return a high rate of interest. avoir un retour sur investissement
to strike a deal /straɪk ə dɪ:l/ He insists he has struck no bargains for their release. conclure un marché, une affaire
a percentage equity /pə‟sentɪdʒ ‟ek.wɪ.ti/ He sold his percentage equity in the company last year. un pourcentage sur les fonds propres
a share in the business The value of my shares in Taxo has risen by 8%. une participation dans la société
an investment capital /ɪn‟vest .mənt
‟kæp.ɪ.təl/
It is the money which is spent on buildings and equipment to
increase the effectiveness of a business.
to build a prototype /bɪld ə ‟prəʊ.tə.taɪp/ To build the first example of something, such as a machine or
other industrial product, from which all later forms are developed.
to source suppliers /sɔːs sə‟plaɪ.ə(r)z/ I'll source the suppliers and see if I can get the paint you want by
Friday.
the brand identity /brænd aɪ‟den.tɪ.ti/ It is the name and visual appearance of the product by which
consumers will recognize it.
a logo /‟ləʊ.gəʊ/ The players wore shirts with the sponsor's logo. un logo
LISTENING, Part 1, Part 2, Part 3 (p. 48-49)
un capital investi au départ
construire un prototype
trouver des fournisseurs
l‟image de la marque
to target /‟tɑː.gɪt/ The paper is targeted specifically at young people. viser, cibler
to aim to do /eɪm/ John aims to be a millionaire by the time he‟s 35. s‟efforcer de faire; avoir l‟intention de faire
handlebars /‟hæn.dl .bɑːz/ The handlebars of a bicycle consist of a curved metal bar with
handles at each end which are used for steering.
bindings /‟baɪn.dɪŋz/ The bindings main function are to hold the riders boot in place
tightly so the rider can transfer their energy to the board.
poignées
fixations
avid /‟ævɪd/ He took an avid interest in the project. passionné
a stunt /stʌnt/ It's a typical action film with plenty of spectacular stunts. une cascade
29

sizeable /‟saɪ.zə.bl / A sizeable proportion of them would like to earn more. non négligeable
to team up with /ti:m ‟ʌp wɪ ð/ They teamed up with John for a charity performance. faire équipe avec
to give sth a go Give it a go ! You may find it easier than you thought. essayer, tenter le coup
to get sth off the ground A lot more money will be required to get this project off the
ground.
dragons /‟dræg.əns/ The Dragons are a panel of entrepreneurs on a television
programme.
faire démarrer quelque chose
to hang around /hæŋ ə‟raʊnd/ Go and pack but don't hang around - we have to go in an hour. poireauter; traîner
a heavy hitter /‟hev.i ‟hɪt.ər/ A heavy hitter is someone who is powerful and has achieved a lot. un poids lourd
nerve-racking /nɜːvræk.ɪŋ/ My wedding was the most nerve-racking thing I've ever
experienced.
éprouvant pour les nerfs
to prompt sb /prɒmp t/ I forgot my line and had to be prompted. souffler à qn
toing and froing U /‟tu:.ɪŋ ənd ˈfrəʊ.ɪŋ/ The legal toing and froing could delay the start of the trial. des discussions
on cloud nine "Was Helen pleased about getting that job?" "Pleased? She was on
cloud nine!"
être aux anges
back to square one If this doesn't work, we're back to square one. retour à la case départ
to plug away /plʌg ə‟weɪ/ My confidence is still there and I‟ll just keep plugging away. persévérer, s‟acharner
a knockback /nɒkbæk/ A knockback is a rejection. revers, refus
to reap /ri:p/ You will soon begin to reap the benefits of being fitter. récolter
ups and downs /ʌps ə n daʊnz/ Like most married couples, we've had our ups and downs. des hauts et des bas
SPEAKING : roleplay (p. 50, ex 1)
a rota /rəʊ.tə/ A rota is a plan which shows who must do which jobs and when
they must do them.
UNIT 5C : Women’s work?
un tableau de service
30

READING (p. 50, ex 2-3)
to scrub /skrʌb/ She scrubbed the mark on the wall for ages, but it wouldn't come
off.
unwittingly /ʌn‟wɪt.ɪŋ.li/ I regret any anxiety which I may, unwittingly, have caused. involontairement
to tie the knot /taɪ ðə nɒt/ So when are you two going to tie the knot? se marier
to get hitched /get hɪtʃt/ Is Tracy really getting hitched then? se marier
to weigh sth up against /weɪ ʌp ə‟genst/ Her career was weighed up against the benefits. comparer qqch à une autre chose
workload /‟wɜːk.ləʊd/ Students do find that their workload increases throughout the
course.
laundry /‟lɔːn.dri/ I've got to do my laundry. la lessive
frotter
la charge de travail
to be at pains to do sth /peɪnz/ She is at pains to point out how much work she has done. prendre grand soin de faire qqch
a husband-to-be /‟hʌz.bənd tə bɪ/ She did not know anything about her husband-to-be. futur époux
to grumble /‟grʌm.bl / She spent the evening grumbling to me about her job. grommeler
jocks /dʒɒks/ A piece of underwear covering the area between the waist and the
tops of the legs.
to be littered with /‟lɪt.ərd wɪð/ The newspaper has a reputation for being littered with spelling
mistakes.
highly revealing /‟haɪ.li rɪˈvi:.lɪŋ/ A joke can be highly revealing about/of what someone's really
thinking.
a nugget of information /‟nʌg.ɪt əv
ɪn.fə‟meɪ.ʃən/
slips
parsemé de, plein de
très révélateur
What other astonishing nuggets of information do you have for us? une information précieuse
the seven-year itch /‟sev.ən.jɪəˈrɪtʃ/ If a married person has the seven-year itch, they are feeling
unhappy with their marriage after seven years, and are considering
having a sexual relationship with someone who is not their wife or
husband.
le cap des 7 ans
flux U /flʌks/ Our plans are in a state of flux at the moment. changement continuel
a mismatch /‟mɪs,mætʃ/ There is a mismatch between the capacity of the airport and the
large number of people wanting to fly from it.
out of tune with sh /aʊt əv tju:n/ Her theories were out of tune with the scientific thinking of the en disaccord avec
décalage
31

time.
to be reluctant to do /rɪˈlʌk.tənt/ Many parents feel reluctant to talk openly with their children. être peu disposé à faire, réchigner à faire
labour U /‟leɪ.bər/ The car parts themselves are not expensive, it's the labour that
costs the money.
a household /‟haʊs.həʊld/ By the 1960s, most households had a TV. la maisonnée, le ménage
VOCABULARY : intensifying adverbs (p. 51)
embarrassed /ɪm‟bær.əst/ She felt embarrassed about undressing in front of the doctor. gêné
acutely /ə‟kju:t.li/ Another scandal would be acutely embarrassing for the
government.
le travail
extrêmement
mildly /‟maɪld.li/ I was mildly surprised to see him here. légèrement
deeply /‟di:.pli/ After 20 years of marriage, they're still deeply in love. profondément
highly /‟haɪ.li/ For our country to remain competitive, we need a highly-skilled,
highly-educated workforce.
inadequate /ɪˈnæd.ɪ.kwət/ This work is extremely inadequate, you'll have to do it again. inapproprié
extrêmement, hautement
pitifully /‟pɪt.i.fəl.i/ State help for the mentally handicapped is pitifully inadequate. lamentablement
hopelessly /‟həʊ.plə.sli/ We were hopelessly lost. complètement; désespérément
woefully /‟wəʊ.fəl.i/ The school's text books are woefully out-of-date. déplorablement
rather /‟rɑː.ðər/ It's rather cold today, isn't it? plutôt
disappointed /dɪs.ə‟pɔɪn.tɪd/ We were deeply disappointed at/about the result. déçu
sorely /‟sɔː.li/ I was sorely tempted to say exactly what I thought of his offer. fortement
slightly /‟slaɪt.li/ She's slightly taller than her sister. légèrement
bitterly /‟bɪt.ə.li/ She wept bitterly at the news. amèrement
deeply /‟di:.pli/ I'm deeply grateful to you. profondément
opposed /ə‟pəʊzd/ She's opposed to religious education in schools. opposé
32

particularly /pə‟tɪk.jʊ.lə.li/ I didn't particularly want to go, but I had to. particulièrement, spécialement
strongly /‟strɒŋ.li/ Many locals are strongly opposed to the development of the
village.
vehemently /‟vi:.ə.mənt.li/ The president has vehemently denied having an extra-marital
affair.
competitive /kəm‟pet.ɪ.tɪv/ Acting is very competitive - you've got to really push yourself if
you want to succeed.
fortement
avec véhémence
compétitif
fiercely /‟fɪə.sli/ She's fiercely independent. farouchement
fairly /‟feə.li/ I'm fairly sure that this is the right address. assez
intensely /ɪn‟tensli/ His strongest criticism is reserved for his father, whom he disliked
intensely.
perfectly /‟pɜː.fekt .li/ I made it perfectly clear to him what I meant. parfaitement
quite /kwaɪt/ He's quite attractive but not what I'd call gorgeous. tout à fait
fully /‟fʊl.i/ Have you fully recovered from your illness? complètement
reasonably /‟ri:.zən.ə.bli/ I did reasonably well at school. assez
practically /‟præk.tɪ.kli/ These changes would cost us practically nothing. pratiquement
virtually /‟vɜː.tju.ə.li/ Their twins are virtually identical. presque
almost /‟ɔːl.məʊst/ Most artists find it almost impossible to make a living from art
alone.
extrêmement, profondément
aware of sth /ə‟weər/ Were you aware of the risks at the time? conscient de qch
vaguely /‟veɪ.gli/ I vaguely remembered having met her before. vaguement
only too /‟əʊn.li tu:/ "Would you like to make a donation?" "I'd be only too pleased." trop
VOCABULARY : gender (p. 52)
presque
UNIT 5D : Sexual discrimination
a manpower /‟mæn.paʊər/ The industry has suffered from a lack of manpower. une main d‟oeuvre
33

undermanned /ʌn.də‟mænd/ In some stores we were undermanned and customer service was
suffering.
a man-hour /mæn aʊər/ A man hour is the average amount of work that one person can do
in an hour.
en sous-effectif
une heure de main-d‟oeuvre
man-made /mæn‟meɪd/ It's a man-made lake. fait par l‟homme, artificiel
mankind U /mæn‟kaɪnd/ Mankind has always been obsessed by power. l‟humanité
LISTENING (p. 52-53, ex 1-2-3)
on grounds of /graʊndz/ He was against it, on grounds of expense. en raison de, pour raison de
a dismissal /dɪˈsmɪs.əl/ Mr Low‟s dismissal from his post at the head of the commission
was unfair.
antenatal /æn.ti‟neɪ.təl/ Antenatal means relating to the medical care of women when they
are expecting a baby.
maternity leave U /mə‟tɜː.nə.ti li:v/ It is a period in which a woman is legally allowed to be absent
from work in the weeks before and after she gives birth.
to demote /dɪˈməʊt/ The captain was demoted (to sergeant) for failing to fulfill his
duties.
an employment tribunal /ɪm‟plɔɪ.mənt
traɪˈbju:.nəl/
un licenciement
pré-natal
congé de maternité
reléguer, rétrograder
She took her case to an employment tribunal. un tribunal du travail
to temp /temp/ I decided to temp for a while so that I could try different kinds of
jobs.
travailler en intérimaire
blatantly /‟bleɪ.tənt.li/ It was blatantly obvious that she was telling a lie. ouvertement
to be green I was very green when I started working there. être un débutant, inexpérimenté
draining /dreɪnɪŋ/ This work is physically exhausting and emotionally draining. exténuant
unscrupulous /ʌn‟skru:.pjʊ.ləs/ These kids are exploited by very unscrupulous people. peu scrupuleux
a coastguard /‟kəʊst .gɑːd/ An official who is employed to watch the sea near to a coast for
ships that are in danger or involved with illegal activities.
to hold sb back /həʊld bæk/ Jack wanted to wake up, but sleep held him back. retenir
un garde-côte
34

to take legal action /‟li:.gəl æk.ʃən/ She wished she had taken legal action against her employer. intenter un procès
DID YOU KNOW? (p. 53, ex 1)
a diocese /‟daɪ.ə.sɪs/ In the Roman Catholic Church and the Anglican (= Church of
England) church it is an area controlled by a bishop.
ordination U /,ɔː.dɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ Ordination is the act or ceremony of making someone a priest or
other religious leader.
6A: SPEAKING SB p. 56
to rank
a spa
a gym
the countryside
Please rank the following activities from the easiest to the most
difficult one.
Baden Baden in Germany and Bath in Britain are two of Europe's
famous spa towns.
The game was played in the gym
I go to the gym twice a week.
The countryside around there is lovely.
Every summer thousands of people flock to the countryside.
diocèse
ordination
classer
35
Unit 6: Body care
une station thermale, un centre de remise
en forme
une salle de gymnastique
(le cours de) gymnastique
le paysage
la campagne
a lazy day We spent a lazy day on the beach sunbathing. paisible, oisif
sporting (adj) The Olympics is the biggest sporting event in the world. sportif
posh
a reason (for)
READING SB p. 56
A woman with a very posh accent telephoned for him earlier. huppé, chic
The reason for the disaster was engine failure, not human error. une raison
to take smth/someone seriously Don‟t take yourself too seriously. prendre qqch/qq au sérieux

to achieve
I've been working all day, but I feel as if I've achieved nothing. accomplir
to pass on If he provided us with any information, no one passed it on to me. transmettre, communiquer
a location The hotel is in a lovely location overlooking the lake. un endroit
to prevent
embarrassment [C or U]
Label your suitcases to prevent confusion.
[+ ing form of verb] His disability prevents him (from) driving.
She blushed with embarrassment.
My parents are an embarrassment to me!
éviter
empêcher
confusion, embarras
to be pressed for time He is always pressed for time when I see him. être pressé par le temps
to tailor
low-cost
It can be tailored to individual needs. adapter qqch à, faire sur mesure
The 1990s saw a huge increase in the numbers of low-cost airlines. à bas prix
in place of You can use margarine in place of butter in some recipes. au lieu de
equipment (U)
(to be) obsessed (with)
a treadmill
I have all the kitchen equipment I need. le matériel, équipement
Why are people so obsessed with money? obsédé par
I use the treadmill a lot during my gym class. tapis de course, tapis roulant
the underground (also: the tube) Have you ever used the London Underground? le métro
to get off Get off at Camden Town. descendre (d‟un véhicule)
to remain He remained silent. rester, demeurer
remaining
Mix in half the butter and keep the remaining 50g for later. restant
at a brisk pace He was wakling at a brisk pace and we struggled to keep up. à vive allure
the headquarters
instead (adverb)
The company's headquarters is/are in Amsterdam. siege social, QG
There's no coffee - would you like a cup of tea instead? à la place
to point out He pointed out that I was wrong and I felt awful because of it. faire remarquer
to dub
She was dubbed by the newspapers 'The Angel of Death'. surnommer
36

to incorporate
Suggestions from the survey have been incorporated into/in the
final design.
incorporer, intégrer, inclure
to kill two birds with one stone This way I killed two birds with one stone. faire d‟une pierre deux coups
to include
The bill includes tax and service. inclure
to do squats I always do a few squats to warm up. faire des flexions
to load ( = to put into)
a dishwasher
to lead
Do not load the film in bright light. charger, mettre dans
Have you already loaded the dishwasher? un lave-vaisselle
He was able to lead a normal life, despite the illness. mener
If you can‟t spare the time… If you can‟t spare the time for a meeting with old friends, you are
to be pitied.
an ordeal
to enable s.o. to do smth
The hostages' ordeal came to an end when soldiers stormed the
building.
37
Si vous ne pouvez pas trouver le
temps…
une épreuve
Computerization should enable us to cut production costs by half. permettre à qq de faire
to fit smth into …. I can easily fit a few extra hours of practice into my timetable. trouver la place pour qqch dans ….
to stay in shape rester en former, garder la forme
to work out ( = to exercise in order to
improve the strength or appearance of your
body)
Henry works out in the gym two or three times a week. s‟entraîner
a working week Working weeks are usually long. une semaine de travail
a crossbreed
to enact
a setting
a tongue-in-cheek humour
This animal is the result of a crossbreed. un croisement
A package of economic sanctions is to be enacted against the
country.
Their cottage is in an idyllic rural setting. un cadre
mettre en pratique
I just love a tongue-in-cheek humour. de l‟humour au deuxième degré

to exploit
a playground
We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as
possible.
exploiter
This area of the coast is the playground of the rich and famous. une cour de récréation
a meeting place Let‟s fix our meeting place. un lieu de rencontre
a fellow (=describes someone who has the
same job or interests as you)
an explanation
a move
He‟s a nice fellow.
I don‟t like my fellow gymnasts very much.
Could you give me a quick explanation of how it works? une explication
She held the gun to his head and said, "One move and you're
dead!"
38
un gars
ici: inscrits au même cours…
un mouvement
a core move Learn your core moves and the rest will follow easily. un mouvement de base
to crouch
to prop oneself up
to wedge
a development
to submit
to warn
though (adv)
faint-hearted
She saw him coming and crouched (down) behind a bush. s‟accroupir
Crouch on the floor or prop yourself up on furniture. se caler
I was standing waiting for a bus, wedged between two old ladies
and their bags of shopping.
The programme traced the development of popular music through
the ages.
We protested about the changes for a long time, but in the end we
had to submit.
[+ object + to infinitive] We were warned not to eat the fish which
might give us a slight stomach upset.
être coincé, se coincer
un développement
(se) soumettre
avertir
We were at school together. I haven't seen her for years though. pourtant, cependant
The terrorist threat in the region has kept faint-hearted tourists
away.
to point out [+ that] He was planning to book a rock-climbing holiday, till I
pointed out that Denis is afraid of heights.
likely
craintif, timoré
faire remarquer
I suppose that might happen but it's not very likely. probable, plausible

to be likely (to do smth) Do remind me because I'm likely to forget. Il est probable que …
a workout
I am tired of conventional gyms and the usual workout options. un entraînement
to run an aerobics class We run aerobic classes that are different from everything you have
ever experienced.
organiser un cours d‟aérobic
set to (music) We do our own aerobics classes, set to music by rock bands. au rythme de la musique
an emphasis
thorough (adj)
light-hearted
Schools here put/place/lay great emphasis on written work and
grammar
an instructor I work as an aerobics instructor/
a driving/ski/swimming instructor
a chord
to raise
un accent
They did a thorough search of the area but found nothing. approfondi, minutieux
It was a fairly light-hearted discussion. enjoué, humoristique
un moniteur
This song was written with just three chords. un accord (de musique)
Would all those in favour please raise their hands? lever
to punch out Raise your knee and punch out with the opposite arm. donner un coup, résister
to afford
a weight
a piece of foam (U) (=a soft material used
to fill furniture and other objects)
a mat
denim (U)
I don't know how he can afford a new car on his salary. pouvoir se payer, avoir les moyens
d‟acheter
What weight can this lorry safely carry?
If you can‟t afford weights, bricks can be used instead.
un poids
une haltère
If you can‟t afford a mat, use a piece of foam instead. un bout de caoutchouc
Wipe your feet on the mat before you come inside. un petit tapis, un paillasson
He always wears a denim jacket and jeans en jeans
a fishnet stocking She was wearing black fishnet stockings. un bas résille
a leotard
leggings (=plural noun)
Female dancers usually wear a leotard. un justaucorps
I have just bought pink leggings. des jambières, leggings
39

VOCABULARY: NOUNS FROM PHRASAL VERBS SB p. 57
on display
a checkout
a payout
a handout
a turnout
a downpour [C usually singular]
a downturn
an uprising
an upbringing [C usually singular]
an outlook
the outset = noun [S]
an outbreak
bleak
a runaway
a takeaway
a getaway
an outburst
an outcome
an outfit
There's an Egyptian art collection on display (= being shown) at
the museum at the moment.
exposé
She works on the checkout at the local supermarket. la caisse
With this insurance policy there is a maximum payout of £2500. un paiement, un versement
I'm not interested in government handouts - all I want is a job. un polycopié, une documentation
Good weather on polling day should ensure a good turnout un taux de participation
It was a real downpour. une averse, un déluge
There is evidence of a downturn in the housing market. une chute, un déclin
Following a determined resistance in the east, there was eventually
a popular uprising in the capital.
Is it right to say all the crimes he committed were simply the result
of his upbringing?
40
un soulèvement, une insurrection
une education
The outlook for the economy is bleak. une perspective
I told him at/from the outset I wasn't interested. le début
There was a sudden outbreak of cholera. une éruption, un début
It was a bleak house in a bleak place. maussade, sombre, désolé
I found a runaway child sleeping on the streets. un fugueur, un fugitive
We often get our food at a Chinese takeaway. un takeaway
The two masked men made their getaway in a stolen van. une fuite
Her comments provoked an outburst of anger from the boss. un accès
It's too early to predict the outcome of the meeting. un résultat, une issue
I've got a cowboy outfit for the fancy dress party. un costume

a breakdown
a breakout
a breakthrough
6 B - SPEAKING AND VOCABULARY: BODY COLLOCATIONS
to pierce
blocked
hooked
Both sides blamed each other for the breakdown of talks. un échec, une panne, une dépression
There has been a mass breakout from one of Germany's top
security jails.
Scientists are hoping for a breakthrough in the search for a cure for
cancer.
une evasion
un progress
I couldn't wear these earrings because my ears aren't pierced. Percer
I've got a sore throat and a blocked (up) nose. Bouché
I wouldn‟t like to have a hooked nose. crochu, busqué
Unit 6B: Medical care
a wisdom tooth She's having her wisdom teeth out. une dent de sagesse
a milk tooth The child has lost all his milk teeth. une dent de lait
rotten
to swell, swelled, swelled or swollen
bare
to have an upset stomach
a drop
to strain one‟s eyes
wax
Brush your teeth better if you don‟t want them to be rotten in a few
years.
gâté, pourri
My ankle swelled so much that I could hardly walk anymore. enfler, gonfler
Don't walk around outside in your bare feet. nu
I've got an upset stomach/tummy - serves me right for eating so
much.
It‟s a drop in the ocean. une goutte
I am sure I need a pair of glasses – I have to strain my eyes all the
time.
Madame Tussaud is a famous wax museum. cire
avoir mal à l‟estomac
se forcer
ear wax Check if your ears are blocked because of an excess of ear wax. cérumen
an ear plug Bring your ear plugs in case it is too noisy for you to sleep. une „boule quies‟
41

to have a tooth taken out She's having her wisdom teeth (taken) out. se faire arracher une dent
anaesthetic (C or adj)
anaesthesia (U)
The operation is performed under anaesthetic. anesthésique
une anesthésie
a plaster cast My leg was broken, so I needed a plaster cast. un plâtre
to reflect
a content
oxide (C or U)
a discovery
The statistics reflect a change in people's spending habits. refléter
We've discussed the unusual form of the book - now, what about
the content?
un contenu
What is the formula for the oxide of copper? oxyde
The discovery of a body in the undergrowth started a murder
enquiry.
une découverte
to make a discovery They‟ve just made a wonderful scientific discovery. faire une découverte
painless
a property
eventually
to regard
a gown
to emphasize
a gum
a splint
a strip
It was a painless medical procedure. indolore
One of the properties of copper is that it conducts heat and
electricity very well
Although she had been ill for a long time, it still came as a shock
when she eventually died.
une propriété
finalement
Her parents always regarded her as the cleverest of their children. considérer
He had to wear a hospital gown. une blouse
[+ question word] I'd just like to emphasize how important it is
for people to learn foreign languages.
[+ that] He emphasized that all the people taking part in the
research were volunteers
I‟ve got sore gums. une gencive
The doctor put a splint on the arm and bandaged it up. une attelle
mettre en evidence, accentuer
He didn't have a bandage, so he ripped up his shirt into thin strips. une bande , un morceau
a tree bark Pick up a few tree barks for an original decoration. une écorce
42

to wrap
a practitioner
to harden
resin (U)
to soak
gypsum (U)
fibreglass (U)
a wearer
to chew
to gash
to inhale
READING p. 60
blurb
former
He wrapped a towel around his shoulders. enveloper, emballer
Elizabeth Quan is a London-based practitioner of traditional
Chinese medicine.
un médecin
The mixture hardens as it cools. se durcir
Pine resin can be found here. résine
Leave the beans to soak overnight laisser tremper, faire tremper
What are the chemical components of gypsum? gypse
They‟ve just built a fibreglass speedboat. fibres de verre
Clothes, of course, say a lot about the wearer. (la) personne qui porte qqch
You don't chew your food enough - that's why you get indigestion. mâcher
She slipped on a rock and gashed her knee. entailler, couper
She became ill shortly after inhaling the fumes. inhaler
The blurb on the back of the book says that it 'will touch your
heart'.
Unit 6C: Childcare
He shook hands with the former president of the USA. ancient, antérieur
43
texte de presentation, baratin publicitaire
a war correspondent He works as a war correspondent for The Guardian. un correspondent de guerre
the outskirts
to shatter
The factory is in/on the outskirts of New Delhi. la périphérie
After the bombing the city was shattered. démolir
to stand back Please stand back - then all of you will be able to see what I'm reculer

to be fired I had a brilliant English teacher who fired me with enthusiasm for
literature at an early age.
to smuggle
VOCABULARY: CARE SB p. 60
doing.
She was caught trying to smuggle 26 kilos of heroin out of/into
the country.
être stimulé, être excité
passer en fraude
to take good care of Please take good care of my flowers when I am away. prendre grand soin de
to be well cared for In this hospital patients are well cared for. être bien soigné
longer than I care to remember This happened longer ago than I care to remember. plus longtemps que je veuille m‟en
souvenir
to take great care with Take great care of my brand new piano. faire attention, soigner
not have a care in the world I must say that I don‟t have a care in the world at the moment. ne pas avoir le moindre souci
I couldn‟t care less I couldn‟t care less about what you think je me fiche complètement
NATASHA’S STORY P. 61
to scribble
an orphanage
to overlook
The baby's just scribbled all over my new dictionary! gribouiller, griffonner
At the age of seven he was sent to an orphanage. un orphelinat
I think there is one key fact that you have overlooked. négliger, oublier, laisser échapper
a complete stranger un parfait inconnu
dusk
a gunner
As dusk fell, bats began to fly between the trees. la tombée de la nuit, le crépuscule
He was killed by a gunner. un artilleur, un canonnier
in readiness for The scaffolding has been put up in readiness for the repair work
on the building.
an attic
I've got boxes of old clothes in the attic, which I really should
throw out.
en prévision de
un grenier
44

a cellar
support [C or U]
to shrug
among
a shell
shelling
bombing
to secure
to evacuate
an evacuee
remorseless
irrevocable
a sniper
(to be under) siege
despair (U)
(a) prospect [C or U]
Put the wine in the cellar, please. une cave
Liz gave me a lot of support when I lost my job. un soutien
"Where's Dad?" "How should I know?" replied my brother,
shrugging.
hausser les épaules
I saw a few familiar faces among the crowd. parmi, au milieu de
Artillery and mortar shells were landing in the outskirts of the city. un obus
Shelling of enemy lines continued all day. bombardement
There was a wave of bombings in London. bombardement, attentat à la bombe
He was disappointed by his failure to secure the top job with the
bank.
obtenir
The police evacuated the village shortly before the explosion. évacuer
Thousands of evacuees crossed the border to safety this morning. une personne évacuée
He was condemned by a remorseless judge. impitoyable, implacable
The judge‟s decision was irrevocable. irrévocable
He was shot and fatally injured by a sniper. un sniper, un tireur embusqué.
The castle was under siege for months. être assiégé
To her teacher's despair, Nicole never does the work that she's told
to do
désespoir
Is there any prospect of the weather improving? perspective, espoir
at first light We'll leave at first light. à la pointe du jour, à l‟aurore
to surround
to huddle (together)
tight
Snow-capped mountains surround the city. entourer, encercler
It was so cold that we huddled together for warmth. se blotter les uns contre les autres
I can't untie the knot - it's too tight. serré
45

a rucksack
It's a frame rucksack with a belt and padded shoulder straps. un sac à dos
a carrier bag Oh no, I‟ve forgotten my carrier bag at home. un sac Oh
to hug
tearful
They hugged each other when they met at the station. serrer dans ses bras
After a tearful farewell at the station, we went our separate ways. en larmes, larmoyant
to pull out A car pulled right out in front of me. déboîter, sortir brusquement
dazed
to intend
whatever (+ noun)
You're looking rather dazed - is anything wrong? haggard, ahuri, étourdi
[+ to infinitive] We intend to go to Australia next year.
[+ object + to infinitive] I don't think she intended me to hear
the remark.
avoir l‟intention
Whatever the outcome of the war, there will be no winners. quel que soit …
a criminal offence Murder is a criminal offence. un acte criminel
a jail
release (S or U)
The financier was released from jail last week. une prison
Her early release from prison led to a demonstration. libération
assuming (that) (=conjunction) Even assuming that smokers do see the health warnings, I doubt
they'll take any notice
a scheme
SB p. 62
a nappy
a dummy
There's a new scheme in our town for recycling plastic bottles. un plan, un projet
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en partant du fait que, en supposant que
Unit 6D: Babysitting
She was changing the baby's nappy. une couche (culotte), un lange
The baby always needs its dummy to go to sleep. une tétine, une sucette
a feeding bottle Where did you put the baby‟s feeding bottle? un biberon
a rattle
The baby was waving around a plastic rattle. un hochet

a cot
I‟ll put the baby in the cot so that he won‟t fall out. un lit de bébé
a high chair High chairs are available at the reception. une chaise haute, une chaise pr bébé
a bib
Put the bib on before you can drink your milk. une bavette, un bavoir
a teddy bear When I was a child I considered my teddy bear as my best friend. un ours en peluche
a pushchair
a pram
We‟ll need the pushchair if we want to go for a walk with the
baby.
une poussette
I saw her pushing a pram down the street. un landau
bedtime (U) It‟s bedtime. l‟heure du coucher
a bully He‟s quite a bully, really. pr un enfant (= petite brute)
pr un adulte (= un tyran)
to burp
He burped loud without feeling ashamed of it. roter, (enfant: faire son rot)
to burst into tears The child was so unhappy that he burst into tears. éclater en sanglots
a crybaby
a cuddle
a nosebleed
a nostril
Don‟t be such a crybaby - it's only a scratch. un pleurnichard
Give the child a cuddle and he‟ll be OK. un câlin
She gets/has a lot of nosebleeds. un saignement du nez
The horses came to a halt, steam streaming from their nostrils. une narine
to pick one‟s nose It‟s rude to pick one‟s nose. mettre les doigts ds son nez
smack
to squabble
I never smack my children. donner une claque, une gifle
Polly and Susie were having a squabble about who was going to
hold the dog's lead
se disputer, se chamailler
to stay up We stayed up (late) to watch a film. veiller, rester éveillé
LISTENING SB p. 62
to be at hand Help will be at hand if you need it. être facilement disponible, sous la main
to give smthg a thought I haven‟t given it much thought, to tell you the truth. penser à, méditer sur qqch
47

to mark an occasion For the children‟s birthday we always have a party to mark the
occasion.
a paediatric nurse We hire only experienced paediatric nurses. une puéricultrice
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marquer un passage, une occasion
on the books We even have a paediatric nurse on the books. dans les textes, dans le registre
a childminder
Mrs Brown was my baby‟s childminder. une gardienne, une nourrice
to take up the references I always take up the applicants‟ references by phone. prendre les références
childcare
an offence
distracting
to entail
a role-play/roleplay
What childcare facilities does your company offer? l‟éducation des enfants
Driving without a licence is an offence. un délit
Please turn your music down - it's very distracting. gênant
[+ ing form of verb] Repairing the roof will entail spending a lot of
money.
entraîner, impliquer
What part did you have to play in the roleplay? un jeu de rôle
to throw a (temper) tantrum Tim threw a tantrum in the middle of the supermarket. piquer une crise (familier)
a rate
to charge
„What‟s the rate?‟ ‟20 pounds an hour.‟ un tarif
How much do you charge for delivery? faire payer
to break the ice We have this funny activity to break the ice. briser, rompre la glace
OTHER WORDS AND PHRASES
ammonia
canvas
chloroform (U)
Where can I get any ammonia? ammoniac
I need some canvas to repair the tent. toile
He bought chloroform before the robbery. chloroforme
commonplace Home computers are increasingly commonplace. courant

concave
convex
cussed
to deaden
déjà vu (U)
an emerald
ether (U)
a fiasco
This is a concave lens. concave
We had fun looking at ourselves in a convex mirror. convexe
He's just plain cussed: he's only doing it because I asked him not
to!
entêté, obstiné
Double glazing has helped to deaden the noise from the motorway. amortir, calmer
When I met her, I had a strange feeling of déjà vu. c‟est du déjà-vu
She just loves emeralds. une émeraude
They used ether as a sort of anaesthetics. éther
The show was a fiasco - the lights wouldn't work, one actor forgot
his lines and another fell off the stage.
un fiasco
first aid (U) Did you learn any first aid at school? les premiers secours
frayed (adj)
grubby
The whole experience left me with frayed nerves (= feeling
anxious).
à bout (de nerfs)
Don't wipe your grubby hands on my clean towel! crasseux, malpropre
to feel nauseous Roller coasters make me feel nauseous. avoir la nausée
to pluck up courage I plucked up my courage and got to work. prendre son courage à deux mains
a pumice stone
You can use a pumice stone in the bath to remove dry skin from
your feet.
une pierre ponce
to put two and two together I don‟t need your explanations, I can put two and two together. additionner deux et deux, faire le
rapprochement
short-sightedness (U)
to stamp
Short-sightedness is a common problem. la myopie
The little boy was stamping his foot and refusing to take his
medicine.
taper du pied
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a stretcher
She was carried off the track on a stretcher. un brancard
to take smth for granted Don‟t take your success for granted. tenir qqch pour acquis
a twig
urine (U)
to usher
vetting procedures
weighty
a wild boar
We collected dry twigs to start the fire. une brindille
You need to take a urine test. urine
She ushered us into her office and offered us a coffee. introduire, faire entrer
Given the seriousness of the pandemic, vetting procedures are
necessary
I don't want to carry this bag around all afternoon - it's quite
weighty
des mesures de contrôle
lourd
I have never seen a wild boar in this area. un sanglier
to wind up If he carries on like this he's going to wind up in prison! finir
to writhe (around)
She was writhing around/about on the ground. se tortiller, se tordre
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