REGULATION, FORMAL AND INFORMAL ... - ResearchGate

Figure 1. Loans to households as a percentage of GDP
The figure shows the evolution of household loans as a share of GDP by type of loan. Data are from the
national statistical institute (Istat) and the Bank of Italy. The right-hand axis refers to consumer credit and
other loans.
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
Bank mortgages (left-hand scale)
Total bank loans (left-hand scale)
Consumer credit from non-banking intermediaries (right-hand scale)
Consumer credit from banks (right-hand scale)
Other bank loans (included overdrafts; right-hand scale)
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
6.0
5.3
4.6
3.9
3.2
2.5
1.8
1.1
0.4
-0.3