installations , <strong>Lighting</strong> Research and Technology, 38 (3), 1–18. [3] Carter, D.J. (2008). Tubular guidance systems for daylight: UK case studies, Building Research & Information, 36(5), 520–535. [4] Courret G., Scartezzini L., Francioli D. & Meyer J. (1998). Design & assessment <strong>of</strong> an anidolic light duct, Energy and Buildings, 28, 79-99 [5] Hansen V., (2002). The use <strong>of</strong> light pipes for deep plan <strong>of</strong>fice buildings: a case study <strong>of</strong> Ken Yeang's bioclimatic skyscraper proposal for KLCC, Malaysia, Proceedings <strong>of</strong> Tropical Daylight and Buildings 2002, National University <strong>of</strong> Singapore, Singapore, 1, 150-155. [6] Himawari solar lighting system (2008). (Available at: http://www.himawarinet.co.jp/e_page-index01.html). [7] Leslie R.P. & Brons J.A. (2002). An integrated skylight luminaire: Combining daylight and electric luminaires for energy efficiency, in proceeding <strong>of</strong> Right Light 5, Nice, France, 269-278. [8] Galasiu A., Newsham G., Suvagau C. & Sander D. (2007). Energy saving lighting control systems for open-plan <strong>of</strong>fices: a field study, Leukos, 4 (1), 7-29. [9] Mingozzi A. & Bottiglioni S. (2001). An innovative system for daylight collecting and transport for long distances and mixing with artificial light coming from hollow light guides, in proceeding <strong>of</strong> the 9 th LuxEuropa, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1, 12-21. [10] FEMP – Federal Energy Management Program (2007). Hybrid Solar lighting illuminates energy savings for government facilities, technology focus, a new technology demonstration publication, Hybrid lighting systems DOE/EE-0315, (Available at: http://www. ornl.gov/sci/solar/pdfs/tf_hybridsolar.pdf). [11] Muhs J. (2000). Design and analysis <strong>of</strong> hybrid solar lighting and full-spectrum solar energy systems, Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the International Solar Energy Conference Solar2000, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., 229-237 [12] Tsangrassoulis A., Doulos L., Santamouris M., Fontoynont M., Maamari F., Wilson M., Jacobs A., Solomon J., Zimmerman A., Pohl W. & Mihalakakou G. (2005). On the energy efficiency <strong>of</strong> a prototype hybrid daylighting system, Solar energy, 79, 56–64. [13] Rosemann A., Cox G., Friedel P., Mossman M. & Whitehead L. (2008). Costeffective controlled illumination using daylighting and electric lighting in a dualfunction prism light guide, <strong>Lighting</strong> Research and Technology, 40, 77-88. [14] Parans Solar <strong>Lighting</strong> (2008). (Available at: http://www.parans.com /Portals/30/docs/Parans% 20Catalogue.pdf). [15] Ejhed J. (2001). Daylight quantities acceptance studies in the Arthelio project, in proceedings <strong>of</strong> the 9 th Lux Europa, Reykjavik, Iceland, 1, 22–25. [16] Carter D.J. & Al- Marawaee M, (2009), User attitudes toward tubular daylight guidance systems. <strong>Lighting</strong> Research and Technology, 41 (1) Aknowledgement The author is grateful to Mr M S Mahoub for his help with this paper. Ingineria Iluminatului 2009; 11, 1: 13-26 25
D CARTER Dr David CARTER School <strong>of</strong> Architecture University <strong>of</strong> Liverpool Liverpool L69 3 BX, UK eb09@liverpool.ac.uk Tel 0151 794 2622 Fax 0151 794 2605 David Carter is Reader at Liverpool School <strong>of</strong> Architecture. He has researched a number <strong>of</strong> aspects <strong>of</strong> lighting including daylight systems, interior lighting design methods, interior lighting quality, control systems and remote source systems. He is author <strong>of</strong> over 100 technical papers. Past President <strong>of</strong> the UK Society <strong>of</strong> Light and <strong>Lighting</strong> and principal author and editor <strong>of</strong> a number <strong>of</strong> CIE Reports. Invited Paper presented at the 5 th International Conference ILUMINAT 2009, 20 February 2009, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. 26 Ingineria Iluminatului 2009; 11, 1: 13-26
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