Chapter 22 Study Guide The Crimean War - Home

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Chapter 22 Study Guide
The Crimean War (1853-1856)
1. What war was based on Russia’s desire to extend its influence over regions of the Ottoman Empire?
2. What were these two regions? (Modern day Romania)
3. Who declared that it was their right to protect Orthodox Christians in the Ottoman Empire?
List the three countries that opposed Russian in the Crimean War:
4.
5.
6.
7. Who covered the events of the Crimean War for the first time?
8. Where did the final military action of the Crimean War take place?
9. What shattered the Concert of Europe?
Italian Unification
10. Who was the most important nationalist leader in Italy?
11. With which movement is Giuseppe Garibaldi associated?
12. By what year was the Italian peninsula transformed into a nation-state under a constitutional monarchy?
13. Whose methods to achieve Italian unification would best coincide with Machiavelli?
14. What was his political ideology?
15. Which country did Cavour play a key role in unifying?
16. Which two leaders agreed through a treaty to provoke a war in Italy?
17. Which country did these two leaders seek to defeat?
18. What territory did Italy gain for allegiance with Prussia?
19. This took place during which war?
German Unification
20. What was the most important political development in Europe between 1848 and 1914?
In what three areas was there a transfer in the balance of power in Europe?
21.
22.
23.

24. What was the name given to the organization of 39 Germans states?
25. In what congress was this established?
List the two strongest states in the German Confederation:
26.
27.
28. Who became the king of Prussia upon the death of Frederic William IV?
29. What was Bismark’s political ideology?
30. Who declared “Germany is not looking to Prussia’s liberalism but to her power…The great questions of the
day will not be decided by speeches and majority decisions—that was the mistake of 1848-1849—but by iron
and blood.”?
31. Who was appointed Prime Minister of Prussia in 1862?
32. What did Bismark embrace in order to enable Prussian conservatives to outflank Prussian liberals?
33. What unification policy did Bismark follow?
34. What German-speaking country did Bismark intend to exclude from a united Germany?
35. What war broke out in 1864 between Denmark and Prussia?
36. Which regions did Denmark want to annex?
37. Who was victorious in the Seven Weeks’ War?
38. What treaty ended this war?
39. Who was excluded from German affairs because of defeat in this war?
List the two houses of the North German Confederation:
40.
41.
42. Which queen of Spain was deposed by a military coup in 1868?
43. Who replaced her as the monarch of Spain?
44. What form of government did the North German confederation have in 1871?
45. Who skillfully manipulated the start of the Franco-Prussian War?
46. Who was captured at the Battle of Sedan?
47. Where had the German Empire been proclaimed?
48. What war resulted in the unification of Germany?
List the two territories that Germany annexed after the war:
49.
50.

51. Which two countries were immediately affected by German and Italian unification?
List in chronological order the three countries that Bismark had defeated in order to unify Germany:
52.
53.
54.
France: From Liberal Empire to Third Republic
55. Napoleon III’s reign is divided up into which two empires?
List three autocratic acts by Napoleon III, that took place after the coup in December 1851:
56.
57.
58.
List four things that Napoleon III did during the 1860’s:
59.
60.
61.
62.
63. Who dominated the French National Assembly in 1871?
64. Which French organization emerged as a result of the Treaty of Frankfurt?
65. Who dominated it?
66. Who refused to be the king of France if the revolutionary tri-color flag was retained?
67. What was the major crisis of the Third Republic?
68. Who was accused of passing secrets to the Germans?
The Habsburg Empire
69. Who wanted the administration of the Austrian empire to be dominated by German-speaking Austrians?
70. What was established in 1867 that meant that Austria and Hungary became separate states?
71. Which group would have supported the Compromise of 1867?
72. Who favored the policy of “Trialism”?
73. What does “Trialism”” mean?
74. Why did the Magyars veto it?
75. Why did the Germans of Bohemia veto it?

List the two countries that competed for influence in the Balkans:
76.
77.
Russia: Emancipation and Revolutionary Stirrings
78. Who instituted the most extensive restructuring of Russian society and administration since Peter the Great?
79. What institution was a profound cultural gap that separated Russia from the rest of Europe?
80. When did it end?
81. What were the Russian provincial councils called?
82. When were they organized?
83. Which country was treated as a province of Russia?
List four reforms instituted by Alexander II:
84.
85.
86.
87.
88. Which tsarist critic lived in exile?
89. What newspaper did he publish?
90. What revolutionary movement was formed by students drawing on the ideas of Herzen?
91. What was the chief radical society called?
92. Who took this revolutionary message to the countryside in the early 1870’s?
93. What happened to Land and Freedom in 1879?
94. Which tsar sought to roll back his father’s reforms?
95. Who was his son?
Great Britain: Toward Democracy
96. What happened to British mail and government after the changes in the postal service?
97. Whose ministry witnessed the culmination of classical British liberalism?
98. What act introduced voting by secret ballot?
99. What issue did the “Irish Question” focus on?
100. Who was the leader of Ireland’s home rule?