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spontaneous symmetry breaking<br />
• 1965<br />
Higgs Guralnik Hagen Kibble Brout Englert<br />
• introduce a field with a special potential<br />
• continuously degenerate ground state at non-zero field<br />
• field equations have same symmetry as theory<br />
• every ground state breaks the symmetry<br />
• can describe massive particles by coupling<br />
them with the Higgs field<br />
• the quantum of this field is the Higgs boson<br />
Higgs mechanism<br />
3/24/2011 <strong>Ulrich</strong> <strong>Heintz</strong> - Moriond QCD 4