Storage pumps and reversible pump-turbines - Renewables Grid ...
Storage pumps and reversible pump-turbines - Renewables Grid ...
Storage pumps and reversible pump-turbines - Renewables Grid ...
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LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
<strong>Storage</strong>Pumps<br />
&<br />
ReversiblePumpTurbines<br />
Scientific<strong>and</strong>TechnicalChallenges<br />
Prof.FrançoisAvellan,Dr.Eng.,<br />
EPFLSchoolofEngineering<br />
InstituteofMechanicalEngineering<br />
Hongrin Dams<br />
FMHL SA<br />
RGI<strong>Storage</strong>Workshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Scope<br />
Pumped<strong>Storage</strong>PowerPlants<br />
TodayTechnology<br />
Science<strong>and</strong>TechnologyChallenges<br />
Introduction<br />
Computing Domain of the<br />
HYDRODYNA Pump-<br />
Turbine
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
SwissPowerGeneration<br />
Swiss Electricity Data:2009Survey<br />
70'000<br />
[GWh]<br />
60'000<br />
50'000<br />
40'000<br />
30'000<br />
20'000<br />
10'000<br />
<strong>Storage</strong> Hydropower Plants<br />
Pumped <strong>Storage</strong><br />
Plants<br />
AnnualPower<br />
Generation<br />
Run-off Hydropower Plants<br />
NuclearPower Plants<br />
Annual Power<br />
Consumption<br />
Fossil FuelPowerPlants<br />
<br />
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010<br />
Switzerl<strong>and</strong>tobeProudofaNearlyCO 2FreePowerGenerationMix
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
PowerGenerationMixinSwitzerl<strong>and</strong><br />
Fossil Fuel<br />
Power Plants<br />
5.1 %<br />
Nuclear<br />
Power Plants<br />
40.8 %<br />
63 971GWh PowerGenerationin2009:<br />
Pumped<br />
<strong>Storage</strong><br />
Power Plants<br />
3.9 %<br />
<strong>Storage</strong><br />
Hydropower<br />
Plants<br />
32.9 %<br />
Run-off<br />
Hydropower<br />
Plants<br />
25.2 %<br />
2009:11 734MWHydropowerGeneratingCapacity;1 699MWPumpingPowerCapacity
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
HongrinLéman PSP<br />
Hongrin Lake(1969):<br />
52millionsm 3 Capacity<br />
Veytaux PowerStation<br />
(1972)<br />
4HorizontalTernary Units<br />
256MWPumpingPower<br />
240MWGeneratingPower<br />
850mWC Head<br />
600min 1<br />
Hongrin Lake<br />
Léman Lake<br />
EarlyDevelopments:Veytaux Pumped<strong>Storage</strong>Plant(FMHLsa)
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
<strong>Storage</strong>ofEnergyinExcess<br />
AvailabilityofHVAC<strong>Grid</strong>(220kV&380kVinCH)<br />
Reservoirs<br />
<strong>Grid</strong>Control<br />
GeneratingMode<br />
PumpingMode<br />
MitigatingtheFlow<br />
Changes<br />
Reservoirs<br />
Pumped <strong>Storage</strong>PowerPlants<br />
Services<br />
> 60 GW Wind Power in EU!<br />
• 22 GW in Germany;<br />
• 15 GW in Spain.<br />
InternalRateofReturn:SpotMarketvs.Servicestothe<strong>Grid</strong>
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
LastOutst<strong>and</strong>ingPumped<strong>Storage</strong>Plants<br />
Commissionedsince12Years<br />
Pumped<strong>Storage</strong><br />
Unit<br />
PowerPlant Capacity Units Power Owner Country Year<br />
Yangyang 1'032MW 4 258MW KOMIPO SouthKorea 2006<br />
Kannagawa 2'820MW 6 470MW TEPCO Japan 2005<br />
Goldisthal 1'060MW 4 265MW VATTENFALLEurope Germany 2002<br />
Kazunogawa 1'648MW 4 412MW TEPCO Japan 2001<br />
Tianhuangping 1'800MW China 2001<br />
Guangzhou 2'400MW 8 300MW CLP,Guangdong China 2000<br />
Matanoagawa 1'200MW ChugokuElectric<br />
Power Japan 1999<br />
Okutataragi 1'932MW 6 322MW KEPCO Japan 1998<br />
Needsof<strong>Storage</strong>Capacity:ReversiblePumpTurbines
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
500rpm,525,000kVA<br />
MotorGenerator,Hitachi<br />
2 820MWCapacity<br />
6PumpTurbines,470MWPumpingPower,625mWC Head<br />
TEPCO,TokyoElectricPowerCo.<br />
6PumpTurbines<br />
@500rpm<br />
Kannagawa PSP:WorldwideLargestCapacityPumped<strong>Storage</strong>PowerPlant
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
VerticalTernaryUnits:<br />
PeltonM/GPump<br />
MatchingbothPumping<strong>and</strong><br />
GeneratingModes<br />
LengthoftheRotatingTrain;<br />
Speed;<br />
RequiredSubmergence.<br />
HighGradeControl<br />
Pelton Turbine<br />
HydraulicByPass<br />
TurbineDriveforStartingUp<br />
1DirectionofRotation<br />
EfficientCooling<br />
SafeTransients<br />
Technology ofTernary Units<br />
FMHL +<br />
2 Ternary Units<br />
~850 mCE 120 MW @ 500 min -1
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
HydraulicBypass<br />
P<br />
MG P T<br />
P<br />
P<br />
Technology:EnablingFast<strong>Grid</strong> PrimaryControl
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
MixedIsl<strong>and</strong>edNetwork<br />
WindFarmSafetyTrippoff<br />
200MWWindFarm<br />
1'200MWNuclearPowerPlant<br />
2x250MWPumped<strong>Storage</strong><br />
Plant<br />
http://simsen.epfl.ch/<br />
C.Nicoletetal.,"<strong>Storage</strong>Units<br />
toStabilizeMixedIsl<strong>and</strong>ed<br />
PowerNetwork:aTransient<br />
Analysis".HYDRO2008,<br />
Ljubljana,Slovenia.<br />
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFast<strong>Grid</strong>Control
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
<strong>Grid</strong>PrimaryControl<br />
thruHydraulicBypass<br />
http://simsen.epfl.ch/<br />
200 MW Wind Farm Safety Tripp off<br />
SIMSEN Numerical Simulation<br />
250 MW Hydraulic Bypass<br />
AdvancedNumericalSimulation:EnablingFast<strong>Grid</strong>Control
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
ReversiblePumpTurbineUnits<br />
TechnologyChallenges<br />
StartUpProcedures<br />
StaticFrequencyConverterofLimited<br />
Power<br />
BacktoBackarrangement<br />
TurbineorPonyMotorDrive<br />
Dewatering/WateringProcess<br />
BidirectionalMotorGeneratorSpeed<br />
AirCoolingvs.WaterCooling<br />
Pumping&GeneratingOperating<br />
RangesMatching<br />
Efficiency<br />
Cavitation<br />
Transients:Startup&LoadRejection<br />
<strong>Grid</strong>PrimaryControl<br />
Variablespeed<br />
DoubleRegulatedStages<br />
Yang Yang (ALSTOM Hydro)<br />
• 800 mWC<br />
• 4 x 258 MW à 600 min -1<br />
• Double Regulated Stages (n q 38)<br />
ReversiblePumpTurbineTechnology
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
620MWNant deDrance PSPProject(VS)<br />
Commissioningin2015<br />
EmossonLake 21010 6 m 3 Capacity<br />
VieilEmossonLake1110 6 m 3 Capacity<br />
250to390mWC HeadRange<br />
4x155MWSingleStagePumpTurbines<br />
428.6min 1 ±7%VariableSpeedDrive<br />
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
1GWLinthal PSPProject(GL)<br />
Commissioningin2015<br />
Limmern 9210 6 m 3 Capacity<br />
Mutt 2510 6 m 3 Capacity<br />
560mWC to724mWC HeadRange<br />
4x250MWSingleStagePumpTurbines<br />
500rpm ± 6%VariableSpeedDrive<br />
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
StaticFrequency<br />
Converter<br />
VoltageSourceInverter<br />
DoubleFeed<br />
AsynchronousMachines<br />
CylindricalRotorwith<br />
ThreePhasesWinding<br />
SlipRingsforExcitation<br />
Reversible<br />
PumpTurbine<br />
VARSPEEDTechnology<br />
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
NumericalSimulationoftheVeryFast<br />
ChangeofthePowerSetPoint<br />
http://simsen.epfl.ch/<br />
Varspeed<br />
YvesPannatier :"Optimisationdesstratégiesderéglage<br />
d'uneinstallationdepompageturbinageàvitesse<br />
variable",Thèse EPFLN° 4789,2010.<br />
VARSPEEDTechnologyEnablingPumpingPowerControl<br />
Synchronous<br />
Machine
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Safety,Reliability<strong>and</strong>Flexibility<br />
MeetingDem<strong>and</strong>ofPeakingPower<br />
<strong>Grid</strong>PrimaryControl<br />
ShortTimeResponse<br />
FrequentStarts&Stops<br />
ExtendingOperatingRanges<br />
KnowledgeDevelopmentinHydrodynamics<br />
Sciences<strong>and</strong><br />
TechnologyChallenges
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
RotorStatorInteractions<br />
inGeneratingMode<br />
HYDRODYNA<br />
CaseStudy<br />
z o =20,z b =9<br />
Experimental<br />
Investigations<br />
ValidationofUnsteady<br />
NumericalSimulations<br />
HYDR DYNA<br />
"Dynamic"BehaviorofPumpTurbines<br />
Unsteady Pressure Field<br />
in Generating Mode<br />
Max Discharge
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Experimental<br />
Infrastructure<br />
• Research<br />
• Education<br />
• Experimental<br />
Validation<br />
EPFLTesting Facilities<br />
Complying IEC 60193 St<strong>and</strong>ards<br />
Efficiency Uncertainty
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Pumped<strong>Storage</strong><br />
PowerPlant<br />
IEC60193PumpTurbineModelTesting<br />
Country Owner/Manufacturer Capacity Year<br />
Ludington MI,USA Consumers Energy 6x312MW 2010<br />
XIANYOU China DONGFANGElectricalMachineryLtd 1'200MW 2009<br />
XIANSHUIJAN China HARBINElectricalMachineryLtd. 4x370MW 2009<br />
VeryHighHead R&D/ALSTOMHydro 20078<br />
ROCKYMOUNTAIN GA,USA OglethorpePower/AmericanHydro 3x370MW 20056<br />
BLENHEIMGILBOA NY,USA Rev.Eng.&ImpellerModelNYPA 4x260MW 2003<br />
CHEONSONG SouthKorea KoreaWesternPowerCo/GEHydro 2x350MW 2003<br />
Nq45 R&D/ALSTOMHydro 2002<br />
VENDANOVEII Portugal EDP/VOITHHydro 2x98MW 2001<br />
ALQUEVA Portugal EDIAoperatedbyEDP/ALSTOMHydro 2x130MW 1999<br />
TAUMSAUK* MO,USA UnionElectricCompany/AmericanHydro 2x220MW 1997<br />
EPFL:aKeyResearchCenterforHydropowerDevelopment
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
ResearchProject<br />
PumpTurbineHydrodynamics<br />
Investigating,Modeling<strong>and</strong>HarnessingUnsteadyFlows;<br />
FluidStructureCoupling;<br />
RotorStatorInteractions;<br />
Cavitation;<br />
PerformanceCurve<br />
Stability<br />
HYDR DYNA<br />
Sciences<strong>and</strong>Technology Challenges<br />
PompeturbineHYDRODYNAz o =20,z b =9
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
HYDRODYNAPumpTurbine<br />
Scale Model<br />
HYDR DYNA<br />
ExperimentalInvestigations
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
ComputingDomain<br />
HYDR DYNA<br />
FlowNumericalSimulations
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
RotorStatorInteraction<br />
GeneratingMode@FullLoad<br />
HYDR DYNA<br />
PressureFieldattheSpiralCasingWall
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
K= 2Modeof9x20RSI<br />
ExperimentalValidationofRSINumericalSimulations
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
ImpellerModalAnalysis:2DMode<br />
HYDRODYNAImpellerFluidStructureCoupling
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
TowardaSustainableCO 2Free<br />
PowerGenerationSystem<br />
RenewingAvailableHydropowerSchemeswithPumped<br />
<strong>Storage</strong>PowerPlantsforMaximizingValueoftheAvailable<br />
<strong>Storage</strong>Capacities<br />
MinimizingEnvironmentalImpacts;<br />
IncreasingPowerCapacity<strong>and</strong>Efficiency;<br />
DevelopingPowerControlCapability;<br />
EnhancingRobustness,Availability,Maintainability&Safety.<br />
InterconnectedElectricityNetworksOpportunities<br />
EnablingNewRenewableEnergyDevelopment;<br />
PeakPowerGeneration;<br />
<strong>Grid</strong>PowerControlServices:PrimaryControl(frequency).<br />
StrategicIssuesforDevelopingPumped<strong>Storage</strong>PowerPlants
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Conclusions<br />
Pumped<strong>Storage</strong>Plants(PSP)arethekeycomponentfor<br />
enablingthedevelopment<strong>and</strong>theoptimumuseofprimary<br />
renewableenergy.<br />
Thebusinessmodelisdrivenbytheenergyspotmarket,the<br />
servicestothegrid<strong>and</strong>thepublicpolicy.<br />
The<strong>pump</strong>turbinetechnologyneedstobefurtherdeveloped<br />
tomeetthemarketneeds<strong>and</strong>toensure<strong>and</strong>enhance,<br />
reliabilityavailabilitymaintainability<strong>and</strong>safetyofthepower<br />
plants.Attentionmustbepaidwhenutilizingexisting<br />
hydraulicinfrastructure,e.g.penstock.<br />
TheongoingSwissprojectsofPSPareanopportunityfor<br />
furtherinvestigationsinthefieldofenablingenergy<br />
technology.<br />
EPFLSchoolofEngineering
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
EPFLDoctoralTheses<br />
NicolasRUCHONNET:"Multiscale ComputationalMethodologyAppliedto<br />
Hydroacoustic ResonanceinCavitating PipeFlow", EPFLDoctoralThesis<br />
N°4778,2010.<br />
Berten STEFAN:HydrodynamicsofHighSpecificPowerPumpsatOff<br />
DesignOperatingConditions ,EPFLDoctoralThesisN°4642,2010.<br />
PhilippeAUSONI:"TurbulentVortexSheddingfromaBluntTrailingEdge<br />
Hydrofoil", EPFLDoctoralThesisN°4475,2009.<br />
OlivierBRAUN:"PartLoadFlowinRadialCentrifugalPumps",EPFL<br />
DoctoralThesisN°4422,2009.<br />
AlirezaZOBEIRI:"InvestigationsofTimeDependentFlowPhenomenaina<br />
Turbine<strong>and</strong>aPumpTurbineofFrancisType:RotorStatorInteractions<strong>and</strong><br />
Precessing VortexRope",EPFLDoctoralThesisN°4272,2009.<br />
AdvancedEducationinHydrodynamicsofTurbomachines
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
ThanksforyourKindAttention<br />
RGI<strong>Storage</strong>Workshop,Montreux Jan.27,2011
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Gr<strong>and</strong>eDixence HydropowerScheme<br />
400Millionsm 3 Reservoir<strong>Storage</strong>Capacity:MaximumValue
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
Gr<strong>and</strong>eDixence HydropowerScheme:<br />
GeneratingPowerStation:<br />
CollectingWaterfrom35<br />
SeasonalOperation Glaciers<br />
1'269MWBieudron<br />
685MWNendazFionnay<br />
100MWCh<strong>and</strong>oline<br />
170MWPumpingPower<br />
400Millionsm 3 Reservoir<strong>Storage</strong>Capacity:MaximumValue
LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines<br />
1'269MWBieudron PowerPlant<br />
3Pelton Turbines<br />
500MVAGenerators<br />
428.5min 1<br />
14poles,35.7MVA/pole<br />
WaterCooled<br />
423MWPelton<br />
Turbines,5injectors<br />
1'883mWC Head<br />
25m 3 /sDischarge<br />
D 1 =3.993m<br />
~28tRunnerMass<br />
Bieudron PowerPlantEnablingRhôDix <strong>Storage</strong>PumpedProject
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