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Key Buildings from the Communist Era House on Embankment. Address: Sofi yskaya naberezhnaya. opposite the Kremlin on the banks of the Moscow River. The House on Embankment was an exclusive complex of apartment blocks completed in 1931 with more than 500 apartments. It was built for signifi cant fi gures in Soviet society such as party leaders, ministers, military leaders as well as people from the cultural elite. The complex had all necessary faciliti es such as post and telegraph offi ces, a bank, laundry, supermarket, beauty salon, restaurant, school, gymnasium and a theatre. Notable residents included the ministers Kosygin and Mikoyan, the commander of the Soviet forces in the Second World War General Zhukov, the KGB head Beria and Khrushchev, later leader of the Soviet Union. It is esti mated that 100 ministers and 150 deputy ministers lived here. The complex is historically most well-known from the years of Stalin’s Great Terror in 1937 and 1938 when a large proporti on of the top Soviet hierarchy were arrested. It is esti mated that one-third of the residents, around 700 individuals or so-called “enemies of the people”, were executed or sent to the GULAGs. At that ti me it was the House of Fear. Nobody knew if or when they would be removed by the KGB. The arrests took place at night and, in the morning, it was clear who had been arrested because of the sealed doors to their apartments. 176 Moscow State University. Located in the south-west of the city at Sparrow Hills. Moscow has seven of these Stalinist-Gothic building complexes, also known as the “Seven Sisters”. The others are: the Hotel Ukraine, the Kotelnicheskaya Embankment Apartments, the Kudrinskaya Square Building, the Hotel Leningradskaya, the Ministry of Foreign Aff airs and the Red Gates Administrati on. They were all built between 1947 and 1953.
Moscow, Russia State Kremlin Palace. Located inside the walls of Kremlin. The building is also known as the Kremlin Palace of Congresses due to the Communist Party congresses that were held in the building as well as other mass state events. The Soviet leader Nikita Khruschev personally supported the constructi on of the building fi nished in 1961. It is remarkable how litt le the building is architecturally incorporated into the historical Kremlin environment. Several valuable old buildings at the site were demolished, including two monasteries. Only half of the building volume is above ground. There are more than 800 rooms and seati ng for 6,000 people in the main meeti ng hall. Today it is mainly used for concerts and ballets. Komsomolskaya Metro Stati on. Some of the oldest metro stati ons in Moscow are architectural and arti sti c monuments with sculptures, lavish mosaic fl oors and walls, as well as chandeliers. Some of the fi nest are: Teatralnaya, Ploshhad Revolyutsii, Novokuznetskaya, Park Kultury, Kropotkinskaya, Kievskaya, Mayakovskaya and Belorusskaya. 177
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TRAVEL GUIDE Traces of the COLD WAR
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Execution Sites, Secret Police Offi
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Special Thanks Special thanks to: M
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Content The Cold War Period. Some a
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The Cold War Period. Some Aspects i
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The Cold War Period. Some Aspects i
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Denmark The Second World War. Membe
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The Cold War Museum “Langelandsfo
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Cold War Museum “Stevnsfort” Fr
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Estonia Occupied by Soviet and Nazi
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Estonia The collectivisation of Est
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Soviet Architecture Examples of arc
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Soviet Architecture 24 Top left and
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The Museum of Occupation and of The
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The Estonian War Museum - General L
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KGB Cells Museum Isolati on cells o
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KGB Cells Museum 32 A rare and stro
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Forest Brothers’ Farm A living me
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A Closed Military Town Sillamäe. A
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Soviet Naval Nuclear Submarine Trai
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Finland The Second World War. Separ
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Finland Traces of the Soviet Period
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Degerby Igor Museum Both Lena (in t
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Germany East Germany or DDR, founde
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Berlin The agreement between the Se
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Karl-Marx-Allee 50 Karl-Marx-Alle.
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The Berlin Wall Documentation Centr
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The Berlin Wall Documentation Centr
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The Marienfelde Refugee Centre Memo
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The Allied Museum The history of th
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The Stasi Museum The most extensive
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The Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memori
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Nuclear Bunker and Information Cent
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The Border House The story of the b
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Prora. Holiday Resort and Later Mil
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Documentation Centre for Victims of
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Stasi Remand Prison. Documentation
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The Peenemünde Historical Technica
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Iceland This 1986 map shows the Ice
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The Keflavik Airbase The military c
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Latvia Occupied by Nazi and Soviet
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Latvia The Nati onal Theatre with C
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Memorial Sites and Soviet Traces Me
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Memorial Sites and Soviet Traces Th
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The KGB Building The Corner House.
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Museum of The Occupation of Latvia
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Museum of The Occupation of Latvia
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The Museum of the Barricades of 199
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The Museum of the Popular Front of
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Cattle Wagon Used for Deportations,
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Secret Nuclear Bunker for the Sovie
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A Closed Military Town Liepaja. Hom
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Zeltini Missile Base The nuclear mi
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Secret Soviet Radio Telescope and F
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Lithuania Occupied by Nazi and Sovi
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Imprisoned by the KGB, Deported and
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A Youth Spent in KGB Prisons and GU
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Memorial Sites of the Freedom Demon
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Memorial Sites of the Freedom Demon
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The KGB Building and Prison. The Mu
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The Museum of Genocide Victims The
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Memorial. Execution of Lithuanian P
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Druskininkai Museum of Resistance a
Page 128 and 129: Druskininkai Museum of Resistance a
Page 130 and 131: Grutas Park. Soviet Sculptures and
Page 132 and 133: Reconstructed Siberian Yurt. The Op
Page 134 and 135: The “ab” Underground Printing H
Page 136 and 137: Plokstine Missile Base The security
Page 138 and 139: Norway The Second World War. Invade
Page 140 and 141: The National Norwegian Aviation Mus
Page 142 and 143: Oscarsborg Fortress The main task o
Page 144 and 145: Herdla Torpedo Battery Nazi German
Page 146 and 147: The Meløyvær Fort A part of the F
Page 148 and 149: Poland By the end of the Second Wor
Page 150 and 151: An Unbelievable Life Story from Rec
Page 152 and 153: Museum of Independence The oppositi
Page 154 and 155: Museum of Independence “Solidarit
Page 156 and 157: Museum of X Pavilion, The Warsaw Ci
Page 158 and 159: The Memorial Museum of Jerzy Popiel
Page 160 and 161: Colonel Kuklinski Intelligence Muse
Page 162 and 163: A Former Closed Military Town Close
Page 164 and 165: Russia Russia and the Soviet Union
Page 166 and 167: Russia “The Chief Administration
Page 168 and 169: Levashovo Memorial Cemetery. Burial
Page 170 and 171: The Anna Akhmatova Museum at The Fo
Page 172 and 173: Kresty Prison and Psychiatric Clini
Page 174 and 175: The Military-Historical Museum of A
Page 176 and 177: Key Buildings from the Communist Er
Page 180 and 181: Museum of the Human Rights Organisa
Page 182 and 183: Museum of the Human Rights Organisa
Page 184 and 185: State GULAG Museum A museum of trag
Page 186 and 187: Andrei Sakharov. The Archives. The
Page 188 and 189: Donskoy Cemetery and Crematorium Th
Page 190 and 191: Butovo Shooting Range. Execution an
Page 192 and 193: The New Tretyakov Gallery and the
Page 194 and 195: All-Russian Exhibition Centre Sovie
Page 196 and 197: The Central Museum of Armed Forces
Page 198 and 199: Museum of Regional Studies. The Mus
Page 200 and 201: Sweden The military situation durin
Page 202 and 203: The Army Museum Sweden’s military
Page 204 and 205: Arholma North, Arholma Battery A co
Page 206 and 207: The Hemsö Fortress An old prohibit
Page 208 and 209: The Rödbergs Fort. A Part of The B
Page 210 and 211: The Swedish Air Force Museum The Sw
Page 212 and 213: Aeroseum It is possible to sit in t
Page 214 and 215: The Military Preparedness Museum Ba
Page 216 and 217: The Naval Museum The Naval Museum (
Page 218 and 219: List of Photographers Albinas Kentr
Page 220 and 221: Albinas Kentra, Lithuania: Front pa
Page 222 and 223: The Historical Sites. Traces from m
Page 224: Nordic Council of Ministers Ved Str
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