Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in food ...

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peer-00704676, version 1 - 6 Jun 2012
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Table 10. Lower bound mean levels of 13 PAH in 333 supplements sampled in 2008 and 2009.
Food Additives and Contaminants
Supplement characteristics N Mean PAH concentration (µ g kg-1 ) b
Category Type/ ingredient a
BaP BgP BaA BbF BkF CHR DhA DeP DhP DiP DlP 5MC BcL
Fatty acids Miscellaneous
Oenothera biennis (evening primrose)
5 1.94 1.40 0.92 3.80 1.44 0.84 0.14 0 0 0 0.62 0.98 0
seed oil 7 0.87 0 1.20 0.91 0.44 6.37 0 0 0 0.36 0.14 0.24 0
Fish liver oil 4 0.30 0 0 0.40 0.15 1.88 0 0 0 0 0 0.68 0
Botanical Mono-ingredient 30 1.06 0.84 0.94 1.67 0.59 3.56 0.12 0 0 0.05 0.45 0.57 0.34
Multi-ingredient 111 3.69 2.57 4.33 8.16 2.54 13.8 0.54 0.40 0.05 0.10 1.08 2.20 2.04
Multivitamin, with botanicals 12 2.93 2.86 3.14 3.53 1.74 10.7 0.36 0 0 0.07 0.34 0.20 1.41
Ayurvedic, multi-ingredient 12 2.03 1.44 0.63 1.98 1.02 7.28 0.21 0.30 0 0.12 0.37 10.2 2.42
Chinese, multi-ingredient 11 4.41 2.20 9.04 12.0 1.04 12.6 1.53 18.1 3.31 1.23 6.88 7.33 1.52
Actaea racemosa c (black cohosh) 7 1.51 1.61 0.81 3.30 1.04 1.39 0 0 0 0 0.46 0 0.41
Angelica sinensis (dong quai) 4 3.00 2.43 1.03 5.03 1.95 6.78 0 0 0.23 0 1.25 0.48 9.63
Camellia sinensis (green tea) 18 3.59 3.61 1.62 3.47 1.60 4.86 0.39 0.07 0.12 0.08 1.55 1.23 0.73
Ginkgo biloba 22 4.32 2.40 7.18 8.5 3.82 26.7 0.53 0.35 0.13 0.37 0.20 1.65 1.23
Glycine max (soy) protein, isoflavones
Hypericum perforatum (St. John's
9 0.27 0 0 0.54 0.28 1.21 0.34 0 0 0 0 0 0
wort) 14 6.89 6.78 7.8 9.9 5.78 15.7 2.91 0.41 0.13 0.14 2.19 2.46 3.66
Panax ginseng (ginseng) 8 0.71 0.34 0.53 0.61 0.49 0 0.10 0 0 0 0 2.88 0.20
Resveratrol d 7 36.8 21.8 28.4 43.0 16.9 74.4 5.34 3.73 1.06 0.77 11.1 26.8 17.9
Resveratrol, multi-ingredient 14 36.1 19.3 15.2 35.5 14.7 65.4 3.66 1.74 0.94 3.41 11.5 6.99 76.2
Rhodiola rosea (golden root) 5 2.74 1.90 2.94 2.80 1.38 3.90 0.44 0 0.36 0 0.26 0 0.54
Vaccinum spp. (cranberry) 5 0.60 0 0 0.56 0.26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Valeriana officinalis (valerian) 8 4.64 1.44 6.90 4.45 2.46 4.18 0 0 0 0 1.29 0.49 0.36
Other Miscellaneous, without botanicals 9 2.14 3.12 0 2.50 0.83 3.22 0 1.41 0 0.30 1.14 2.18 0
Notes:
Propolis, pollen, royal jelly 11 7.63 1.96 24.2 9.47 4.08 58.4 1.18 0.84 0 0 1.16 15.4 5.37
a When one ingredient is listed, this substance generally represents the only ‘active’ ingredient in this group.
b See table 1 for the abbreviations used for the 13 EFSA priority PAH determined in this survey.
c Syn. Cimicifuga racemosa.
d 6 out of 8 supplements labeled a Polygonum cuspidatum-extract as the source of resveratrol.
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