Grammar Focus - Heinle

Grammar Focus
Use Appositives
An appositive is a word or phrase that
follows a noun in order to give extra
information about it.
Lewis chose a fellow army captain,
his friend William Clark, to share
command.
The expedition included York,
Clark’s childhood friend.
You use a comma before and after
an appositive if it is in the middle of a
sentence. If an appositive comes at the
end of a sentence, use a comma at the
beginning of the appositive and a period
at the end.
1. Why do you think it is helpful for
the author to use appositives?
2. Find another example of an
appositive in paragraph 6.
VISIONS
Activity Book
pp. 189–190
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Handbook
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VISIONS B Activity Book • Copyright © Heinle
Name Date
Grammar Focus
Use Appositives
An appositive is a word or phrase that follows a noun to give extra
information about the noun. It usually renames the noun just before it.
noun appositive renaming noun
Thomas Jefferson, the president of the United States, sent Lewis and Clark
on an expedition.
A. ➤ Underline each appositive. Then write each noun that the appositive is
renaming.
1. Mr. Hanson, the math teacher, is retiring after this year.
Mr. Hanson
2. Shelley and Catherine, my sisters, are going to Europe.
3. The coach, Frederick, played professional soccer when he was younger.
4. Mario and Liz, my parents, enjoy camping.
5. The principal, Mr. Tildon, is a very nice man.
B. ➤ Complete each sentence with an appositive. The first one has been done
for you.
1. Paulina, our neighbor , is a very nice woman.
2. My gym teacher, , is very demanding of his students.
3. Manny, , bought a new house.
4. Gregory and Samantha, , are moving to South Dakota.
5. The mechanic, , is very dependable.
6. My parents, , are taking me to a movie.
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Use with student text page 360.
189
VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition

VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition
Name Date
Grammar Focus
Use Appositives Correctly
When writing appositives, commas are usually placed before and after the
appositive.
190
The leader, Phil Johnson, was a respected man.
Commas are not used if an appositive cannot be excluded without leaving the
meaning of the sentence too general.
Noun appositive
The play Hamlet is very famous.
A. ➤ Combine each pair of sentences by using an appositive. Remember to use correct
punctuation. The first one has been done for you.
1. Luigi is from Italy. Luigi is my best friend.
Luigi, my best friend, is from Italy.
2. My friends will join us for dinner. Mario and Stephan are my friends.
3. My sister plays the flute. My sister is Julia.
4. Mrs Lopez went to school with my father. Mrs. Lopez is our teacher.
5. My grandparents have lived with us for a long time. My grandparents are my
mother’s parents.
B. ➤ Write sentences containing appositives. Use correct punctuation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Student
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VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition
Name Date
Grammar Focus
Use Appositives
EXAMPLE EXPLANATION
96
Use with student text page 360.
Mr. Stewart, the principal of our school, The appositive is the principal of our school. It
is fair. gives more information about Mr. Stewart.
Large Mart, the store on the corner, sells The appositive is the store on the corner. It
fresh produce. gives more information about Large Mart.
Marsha made plans with her friend, Harvey. The appositive is Harvey. It gives more
information about Marsha’s friend by telling
that the name of Marsha’s friend is Harvey.
Harvey stopped at his favorite music store, All The appositive is All Music. It gives more
Music. information about Harvey’s favorite music
store by telling that the name of the music
store is All Music.
LANGUAGE NOTES:
1. An appositive is a word or phrase that follows a noun and gives extra
information about the noun.
2. If an appositive appears in the middle of the sentence, use commas
before and after the appositive.
He walks Simon, his dog, every evening.
3. If an appositive appears at the end of the sentence, use a comma
before the appositive and a period after the appositive.
She visited Venice, her dream destination.
EXERCISE 1
Underline the appositive in each sentence.
Example: Karen, a history buff, always wanted to learn about the seven wonders of the world.
1. The Great Pyramid of Giza, a gigantic stone structure, is located in Egypt.
2. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, a wonder complete with fruit, flowers, and waterfalls, was
described in great detail by Greek historians.
3. The Statue of Zeus at Olympia, an enormous statue of the Greek god, has sandals and a robe
made of gold.
4. The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, a temple built in honor of the Greek goddess of hunting,
was made of marble.
5. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, a structure smaller in size than the Great Pyramid, was the
burial place of an ancient king.
6. The Colossus of Rhodes, a statue that stood for only 56 years, took 12 years to construct.
7. The Lighthouse of Alexandria, a wonder with a practical use, ensured the safe return of sailors
at sea.
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VISIONS B Grammar Practice • Copyright © Heinle

VISIONS B Grammar Practice • Copyright © Heinle
Name Date
EXERCISE 2
Underline the appositive in each sentence. Then fill in the blank with the noun
that the appositive is giving more information about.
Example: Darren works at a restaurant, Delicious Cafe. ____________________
restaurant
1. Angie, Darren’s friend, works at Delicious Cafe. ____________________
2. Delicious Cafe, a local restaurant, is a neighborhood favorite. ____________________
3. David and Tammy, a couple of the restaurant’s regular customers,
dine at Delicious Cafe often. ____________________
4. The menu at Delicious Cafe, an assortment of salads and entrees,
offers customers a variety of dishes. ____________________
5. Delicious Cafe is famous for its house specialty, the Delicious Salad. ____________________
6. Robert, the chef at Delicious Cafe, is famous for his creative entrees. ____________________
7. His most creative entree, the Cafe Grande, is a triple-decker sandwich. ____________________
8. Chef Robert believes that no meal is complete without Delicious
Cafe’s special dessert, the tropical fruit sampler. ____________________
9. Darren, an up-and-coming chef, has been training alongside Robert
for the past two summers. ____________________
10. Someday, Darren hopes to own his own restaurant, Darren’s Delights. ____________________
EXERCISE 3
Write the letter of the appositive that best completes each sentence.
Example: Alaska and Hawaii, ________, e were the last to become states. a. Alaska’s state
capital
1. Alaska, ________, is nicknamed The Last Frontier.
b. the famous
2. Madison, ________, wants to visit Alaska.
dogsled race
3. The flight, ________, lands in Anchorage.
c. a seasoned traveler
d. bears, moose, and
4. The Iditarod, ________, covers over 1150 miles in 10 to 17 days. caribou.
5. Visitors can take a airplane to reach Juneau, ________.
e. the 49th and 50th
states
6. Madison can’t wait to catch a glimpse of some of Alaska’s
f. the largest of the
most celebrated residents, ________.
50 states
7. Denali National Park, ________, is home to magnificent
Mt. McKinley.
g. one of Alaska’s
most famous parks
h. a 10-hour trip
from the East
coast
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VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition

VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition
Name Date
EXERCISE 4
EXERCISE 5
98
Complete each sentence using an appositive.
Example: My sister, __________________, Julia likes to read.
1. I have known my best friend, __________________, for a long time.
2. My cousin, __________________, is a nice person.
3. My math teacher, __________________, is a good teacher.
4. My favorite book, __________________, is an entertaining read.
5. I’ve watched my favorite movie, __________________, many times.
6. The neighborhood supermarket, __________________, is where I shop for groceries.
7. I spend some of my free time on my hobby, __________________.
8. I’ve learned a lot working for my manager, __________________.
9. The school librarian, __________________, always answers my questions.
10. I don’t mind doing homework in my favorite subject, __________________.
Use commas to separate the appositive in each sentence.
Example: Baseball one of America’s favorite sports is played by people of all ages.
_______________________________________________________________________
Baseball, one of America’s favorite sports, is played by people of all ages.
1. Baseball a game that is played six months a year can be exciting to watch.
2. The catcher the player who stands behind the hitter wears a lot of protective equipment.
3. The umpire an official who rules on the plays knows all the game’s regulations.
4. The tickets admission passes that tell fans where to sit are sold at the box office.
5. Many fans analyze players’ statistics the facts and figures about players’ performances.
6. Fans often buy snacks at the concession stand a structure where food items are sold during
the game.
7. Each game consists of nine innings periods of time during which each team has a turn at bat.
8. Sometimes a pitcher’s duel a match-up in which pitchers’ talents are evenly balanced results in
few runs scored by either side.
9. A tie game a game in which both teams have scored the same number of runs always results in
extra innings.
10. At the end of the season the teams with the best records compete in the World Series a
competition to decide which baseball team is the best.
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VISIONS B Grammar Practice • Copyright © Heinle

VISIONS B Grammar Practice • Copyright © Heinle
Name Date
EXERCISE 6
Combine each pair of sentences using an appositive.
Example: Our class is reading Hamlet.
Hamlet is a play by William Shakespeare.
_________________________________________________________
Our class is reading Hamlet, a play by William Shakespeare.
1. Hamlet delivers his famous soliloquy “To be, or not to be.”
Hamlet is the main character of the play.
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Next month, we will read Oliver Twist.
Oliver Twist was written by Charles Dickens.
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Oliver Twist was made into a movie.
Oliver Twist is a classic novel.
__________________________________________________________________________
4. Ms. Ravvson leads interesting book discussions.
Ms. Ravvson is our reading teacher.
__________________________________________________________________________
5. Alina asked Ms. Ravvson if we could watch the movie version of Oliver Twist.
Alina is one of our classmates.
__________________________________________________________________________
6. “We can watch the movie version after we read the book,” said Ms. Ravvson.
The movie version is a good supplement to the book.
__________________________________________________________________________
7. Our class was looking forward to comparing the movie to the book.
Our class is a curious group.
__________________________________________________________________________
8. Ms. Ravvson requires a report after each book we read.
A report is a summary and explanation of the book.
__________________________________________________________________________
9. Ms. Ravvson administers assessments after each book we read.
Assessments are a book report and a test.
__________________________________________________________________________
10. Alina always receives an A for her work.
A is the highest grade.
__________________________________________________________________________
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VISIONS Unit 6 • Chapter 1 The Lewis and Clark Expedition