Studies on Some Aspects of Light Beam Propagation Through ...

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game which was monopolized by the boys but would come looking for us when they were short of a player. I especially thank Sreekumar, Asha, Jayakrishnan, Vimal, Joshy sir, Ajimsha, Reshmi, Anoop, Saji, Senoy, Rajesh C S, Deepa, Merril, Sajeesh and Srikanth for going out of their way to help me out when ever I needed them. I especially remember the support I got from Vinu Namboory and Manu Punnen during a difficult time and for giving me the encouragement r needed. I am also thankful to all my friends in the hostel who have made the stay there a wonderful experience. I am thankful to my roommate Gisha and my other friends Vasuja, Sheeba, Ragitha, Subhasree, Vijutha, Prarnitha, Tina, Mangala, Gleeja and Angel for their love and care. r gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance given by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India in the form of a Senior Research Fellowship, Department of Science and Technology (DST), India in the form of a Junior Research Fellowship and CochiIl University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) for providing me UJRF. I would like to thank the most important people in my life, my parents for all the patience and support they gave me throughout this whole time. r am thankful to my brother and sister for all the wonderful time I have with them. Also, I thank my two good friends Vidya and Kishore, who were (and probably always will be) there for me. Finally, I thank the Almighty for making me what I am. Jisha C P
The beginning is the most important part of the work Plato (428 BC-348 BC) Optical Solitons : An Introduction 1.1 Basic concepts and terminology OLITONS have been the subject of intense studies in many different fields S including hydrodynamics,l nonlinear optics,2 plasma physics3 and biology.4 Electromagnetic waves have an innate tendency to spread as they evolve. Individual frequency components, which arc superimposed to form the wavepacket, propagate with different veloL:ities or in different diredions resulting in the spreading of the wavepacket. An example is the spreading of light pulses as they propagate in a medium due to the group velocity dispersion. As a result eaeh Fourier component of the pulse has a different velocity. The spreading of laser beam due to diffraction when passing through a medium is another example. Diffraction/dispersion of optical beams and pulses occurring in a medium is a linear effect. However, when nonUnear effects are present, it may compensate the linear effects and result in the formation of optiL:al solitons, a localized pulse or beam which can propagate without decay. The word soli ton is commonly used for pulses in exactly integrable nonlinear-wave models. However, most physical nonlinear systems arc nonintegrable but support self-trapped solutions and exhibit import.ant features and conserved quantities. Such self-trapped solutions were initially called "solitary waves". Soli tons and solitary waves differ from each other as the former do not couple to radiation on collision and the number of soli tons is conserved. I3ut both of them still exhibit particle like properties. As a result, in todays literature this distinction is, in general, no longer used, and all self-trapped beams are loosely called solitons. Optical soli tons can be broadly classified into two categories: Temporal soli tons and spatial soli tons, the distinction being that in the former dispersion effect counteracts nonlinearity and in the later it is the diffraction effect. There is a third category of solitons, the spatio-tempora.l soli tons or
Page 1 and 2: STUDIES ON SOME ASPECTS OF LIGHT BE
Page 3 and 4: DECLARATION I hereby declare that t
Page 5 and 6: viii CONTENTS 4 Modulational Instab
Page 7 and 8: x Preface a cubic-quintic medium wi
Page 9 and 10: Publications related to the work pr
Page 11: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS r would like to ta
Page 16 and 17: 4 Optical Solitons : An Introductio
Page 23 and 24: Variationa l m ethod 11 o X (Ilffi)
Page 29: Historical developments and current
Page 33 and 34: Outline of the thesis of steady-sta
Page 37 and 38: REFERENCES [37] [38] [39] M. O. Cas
Page 40 and 41: 28 Solitons in Bulk Cubic-Quintic M
Page 43 and 44: Model equation and analysis lifted
Page 48: 36 Solitons in Bulk Cubic-Quintic M
Page 51: Spatio-temporal solitons stabilized
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50 Solitons in Photorefractive Poly
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56 Solitons in Photorefractive Poly
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Conclusions Figure 3.11: Soliton pr
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70 REFERENCES [24] A. Mohamadou and
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Modulational Instability in Photore
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Two wave mixing geometry 77 mutual
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Two wave mixing geometry 79 Let the
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88 REFERENCES but results only by v
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5.1 Introd uction T IllS Self-writt
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Photosensitivity 93 Figure 5.1: Ini
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Theoretical Model 95 acteristics su
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100 Potential Self-written waveguid
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104 Self-written wavcguidc in a met
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106 REFERENCES [12] J.-W. Kang, J.-
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Dynamics of a light induced self-wr
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Model equation and analysis using a
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Analytic solution 115 0.6 0.4 a 0.8
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120 REFERENCES uides. The coupler w
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What we call the beginning is often
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125 into the photopolyrnerizable ma
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absorption coefficient, 40 anomalou
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