Arab Tribes, the Umayyad Dynasty, and the `Abbasid ... - Epistemology

96 The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 21:4
rivalries between Northern and Southern confederations. Cahen also pointed
out that the `Abbasids capitalized on these rivalries. The anonymous author of
Al-`Uyun wa al-Hada’iq fi Akhbar al-Haqa’iq, 3:183-84 also preserved the
various traditions about these inter-tribal rivalries and the `Abbasid approach to
the tribes. See also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of the `Abbasid
Revolution, 94.
91. Sharon, Black Banners, 223-26. See also Moshe Sharon, “The Military
Reforms of Abu Muslim, Their Background and Consequences,” Studies in
Islamic History and Civilization in Honour of Professor David Ayalon, ed.
Moshe Sharon (Jerusalem and Leiden: 1986), 105-43. For further details, see
also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of the `Abbasid Revolution, 94.
92. Sharon, Black Banners, passim, esp. 158-59; Lassner, Islamic Revolution,
passim, esp. 45, for a clear case study of `Ali ibn `Abd Allah al-Sajjal, according
to the `Abbasid tradition. For more details on the idea of `asabiyah, see
Ibn Khaldun, Al-Muqaddimah, passim, esp.141 ff; `Arafah, Al-Khurasaniyun
wa Dawruhum, 51. See also Akhbar al-Dawlah al-`Abbasiyah, 144-45. See
also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of the `Abbasid Revolution, 94.
93. For more details concerning `Abbasid da`wah, see Moshe Sharon, “The
`Abbasid Da’wa Re-examined,” Arabic and Islamic Studies, no. 1 (1973): 10-
14; Kennedy, The Early `Abbasid Caliphate, 44-45; Marín-Guzmán, Popular
Dimensions of the `Abbasid Revolution, passim, esp. 81-96 and 108-14.
94. For more details, see al-Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, fos. 612-14, quoted by
Kennedy, The Early `Abbasid Caliphate, 44-45.
95. The secret propaganda led by the `Abbasids for around 30 years (718-47)
allowed them to gain the support of the Southern tribes and of numerous
members of the Mudar confederation, as well as the mawali and the Shi`ites.
The Shi`ites acceptance came through the Hashimiyah and Abu Hashim’s
apparent designation of Muhammad ibn `Ali, leader of the `Abbasid group,
as his successor. For further details, see Sabatino Moscati, “Il Testamento di
Abu Hashim,” Rivista degli Studi Orientali, no. 27: Fascicoli 1-4, (1952): 28-
46; Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of the `Abbasid Revolution, passim,
esp. 81-96.
96. Al-Maqrizi, Kitab al-Niza`, 68.
97. Kennedy, The Early `Abbasid Caliphate, 40. For more details on the political
and religious contexts, see also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of the
`Abbasid Revolution, passim, esp. 60-68.