Arab Tribes, the Umayyad Dynasty, and the `Abbasid ... - Epistemology
Arab Tribes, the Umayyad Dynasty, and the `Abbasid ... - Epistemology
Arab Tribes, the Umayyad Dynasty, and the `Abbasid ... - Epistemology
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96 The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 21:4<br />
rivalries between Nor<strong>the</strong>rn <strong>and</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>rn confederations. Cahen also pointed<br />
out that <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong>s capitalized on <strong>the</strong>se rivalries. The anonymous author of<br />
Al-`Uyun wa al-Hada’iq fi Akhbar al-Haqa’iq, 3:183-84 also preserved <strong>the</strong><br />
various traditions about <strong>the</strong>se inter-tribal rivalries <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> approach to<br />
<strong>the</strong> tribes. See also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong><br />
Revolution, 94.<br />
91. Sharon, Black Banners, 223-26. See also Moshe Sharon, “The Military<br />
Reforms of Abu Muslim, Their Background <strong>and</strong> Consequences,” Studies in<br />
Islamic History <strong>and</strong> Civilization in Honour of Professor David Ayalon, ed.<br />
Moshe Sharon (Jerusalem <strong>and</strong> Leiden: 1986), 105-43. For fur<strong>the</strong>r details, see<br />
also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Revolution, 94.<br />
92. Sharon, Black Banners, passim, esp. 158-59; Lassner, Islamic Revolution,<br />
passim, esp. 45, for a clear case study of `Ali ibn `Abd Allah al-Sajjal, according<br />
to <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> tradition. For more details on <strong>the</strong> idea of `asabiyah, see<br />
Ibn Khaldun, Al-Muqaddimah, passim, esp.141 ff; `Arafah, Al-Khurasaniyun<br />
wa Dawruhum, 51. See also Akhbar al-Dawlah al-`Abbasiyah, 144-45. See<br />
also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Revolution, 94.<br />
93. For more details concerning <strong>`Abbasid</strong> da`wah, see Moshe Sharon, “The<br />
<strong>`Abbasid</strong> Da’wa Re-examined,” <strong>Arab</strong>ic <strong>and</strong> Islamic Studies, no. 1 (1973): 10-<br />
14; Kennedy, The Early <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Caliphate, 44-45; Marín-Guzmán, Popular<br />
Dimensions of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Revolution, passim, esp. 81-96 <strong>and</strong> 108-14.<br />
94. For more details, see al-Baladhuri, Ansab al-Ashraf, fos. 612-14, quoted by<br />
Kennedy, The Early <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Caliphate, 44-45.<br />
95. The secret propag<strong>and</strong>a led by <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong>s for around 30 years (718-47)<br />
allowed <strong>the</strong>m to gain <strong>the</strong> support of <strong>the</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>rn tribes <strong>and</strong> of numerous<br />
members of <strong>the</strong> Mudar confederation, as well as <strong>the</strong> mawali <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Shi`ites.<br />
The Shi`ites acceptance came through <strong>the</strong> Hashimiyah <strong>and</strong> Abu Hashim’s<br />
apparent designation of Muhammad ibn `Ali, leader of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> group,<br />
as his successor. For fur<strong>the</strong>r details, see Sabatino Moscati, “Il Testamento di<br />
Abu Hashim,” Rivista degli Studi Orientali, no. 27: Fascicoli 1-4, (1952): 28-<br />
46; Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of <strong>the</strong> <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Revolution, passim,<br />
esp. 81-96.<br />
96. Al-Maqrizi, Kitab al-Niza`, 68.<br />
97. Kennedy, The Early <strong>`Abbasid</strong> Caliphate, 40. For more details on <strong>the</strong> political<br />
<strong>and</strong> religious contexts, see also Marín-Guzmán, Popular Dimensions of <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>`Abbasid</strong> Revolution, passim, esp. 60-68.
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