EU-programmer og trends inden for solvarme og fjernvarme - DBDH
EU-programmer og trends inden for solvarme og fjernvarme - DBDH
EU-programmer og trends inden for solvarme og fjernvarme - DBDH
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<strong>EU</strong>‐<strong>pr<strong>og</strong>rammer</strong> <strong>og</strong> IEA‐SHC<br />
aktiviteter <strong>og</strong> <strong>trends</strong> <strong>inden</strong> <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>solvarme</strong> til <strong>fjernvarme</strong> j<br />
Per Alex Sørensen, PlanEnergi<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 1
Status 2007<br />
<strong>for</strong> anlæg større end 500 m2 DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 2
Udvikling i varmeproduktionspriser<br />
Plant Collector<br />
area<br />
Established Production<br />
MWh MWh/year /year<br />
Price<br />
Mio.<br />
€<br />
Solar<br />
fraction<br />
%<br />
Prod.<br />
price<br />
€/MWh /MWh<br />
Prod. price<br />
€/MWh /MWh<br />
2006 level<br />
Marstal 8038 m 2 1996 3472 2.23 13 64 87<br />
Ærøskø-<br />
bing 4890 m 2 1998 1998-2000 2000 2103 1.24 16 59 83<br />
Nordby 2500 m m2 2002 1100 0.63 25 57 63<br />
Ulsted 5000 m 2 2006 2400 1.28 21 53 53<br />
Brædstrup 8000 m m2 2007 3729 1.68 9 45 44
Priser fra den europæiske<br />
fabrikantorganisation g ESTTP<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 4
SDHtake‐off SDHtake off<br />
Intelligent Energy Europe (<strong>EU</strong>)<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 5
SDHtake‐off deltagerne<br />
Steinbeis Forschungs und Entwicklungscentrum<br />
German Heat&Power Association<br />
Euroheat & Power<br />
CIT Energy Management AB<br />
Italian District Heating Association<br />
AAmbiente bi t It Italia li<br />
Association <strong>for</strong> District Heating of the Czech<br />
Republik<br />
CityPlan spol sro s.r.o<br />
PlanEnergi<br />
Marstal District Heating<br />
SOLID S.O.L.I.D.<br />
Energie Graz GmbH & CoKG<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 6
Arbejdspakker SDHtake‐off<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 7
GGuidelines id li – ffact sheet h 22 2.2<br />
Where to place the solar collectors<br />
Coollector<br />
tilt<br />
35°<br />
30° 30<br />
25°<br />
20°<br />
15°<br />
Optimum tilt and losses due to shadows<br />
1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5<br />
Row distance ‐ collector height ratio<br />
8%<br />
6%<br />
4%<br />
2%<br />
0%<br />
Losses due d to shadows<br />
Optimum tilt<br />
Losses due to shadows<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 8
GGuidelines id li – ffact sheet h 23 2.3<br />
Feasibility study<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 9
SDHtake‐off SDHtake off <strong>for</strong>løbet<br />
•Workshop <strong>og</strong> møde i Marstal Marstal<br />
september 2010<br />
•Workshop <strong>og</strong> møde i Graz marts 2011<br />
•Workshop Workshop <strong>og</strong> møde i Ferrara 29.‐ 29.<br />
30.09.2011<br />
•Workshop <strong>og</strong> møde i Sverige <strong>for</strong>året<br />
2012<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 10
Obstacles in Austria<br />
• Professional operation management needed<br />
• Barrier on historical buildings<br />
• (Industrial) CHP and waste heat<br />
• Too low subsidies<br />
• High return temperature<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
11
Per Alex Sørensen PlanEnergi
Wasserwerkk Andritz di GGraz<br />
Per Alex Sørensen PlanEnergi
Obstacles in Czech Republic<br />
• Surplus heat from CHP in summer<br />
• No support in biomass district heating areas<br />
(30% support possible ibl iin other h areas) )<br />
• Customers disconnect from district heating<br />
and connect to gas<br />
• NNot tpossible ibl tto find fi d llarge areas iin fi fields ld<br />
• High return temperature<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
14
Obstacles in Germany<br />
• CHP‐heat h and d waste hheat covers muchh of f the h<br />
market (surplus heat in Summer)<br />
• High capital costs means high producion<br />
costs/kWh /<br />
• Lack of actor capacity<br />
• Local conditions have to be accepted when<br />
placing solar collectors and integrating in<br />
di district t i t hheating ti<br />
• High return temperature<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
15
Eggenstein<br />
Pictures: PKi, Stuttgart
Crailsheim
Obstacles in Italy<br />
• District heating incentives are <strong>for</strong> geotermal<br />
and biomass<br />
• HHeat ffrom CHP and d waste<br />
• Large g capital p costs<br />
• Lack of actor capacity<br />
• High return temperature<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
18
Summary of obstacles<br />
All countries have at least one of the following<br />
obstacles<br />
• HHeat ffrom CHP and d waste covers the h bbase lload d<br />
• Lack of area<br />
• Too high costs<br />
• Stakeholders lack of in<strong>for</strong>mation and capacity<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
19
Heat from CHP and waste covers the<br />
base load<br />
• Find i dplants l without ih CHP and d waste<br />
• Extend the district heatingg coverage. g<br />
• Introduce a storage in the system<br />
• CHP using natural gas as fuel will be too<br />
expensive in periods with low consumption<br />
and high production from other sources<br />
(wind, photovoltaic)<br />
• Biomass CHP is limited because biomass is a<br />
limited ressource<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
20
Lack of area<br />
• Grow solar l on your ffarmland. l d Near to villages ill<br />
with small plants. Longer distance to cities<br />
with large plants<br />
• Grow solar in connection with transmission<br />
lines between cities<br />
• Place large plants as feed in plants in the city<br />
(the small ones are too expensive and the<br />
small areas are better <strong>for</strong> photovoltaic)<br />
• Integrate solar in the cities<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
21
xx<br />
Xx<br />
Xx<br />
XX<br />
Xx<br />
xx<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
22
KKeep it llarge and d simple. i l<br />
Example with 10.000 m2 collectors in Tørring<br />
Too high costs<br />
Cost of land (30.000 m2 ) 80.000€<br />
Collectors (10.000 m2 Collectors (10.000 m ), pipes, pumps, antifreeze and heat<br />
exchangers 2.000.000€<br />
Fence, ground shaping etc. 80.000€<br />
Transmission pipe (1.000 m) 300.000€<br />
Control system 80 80.000€ 000€<br />
Consultancy 40.000€<br />
Total 2.580.000€<br />
Cl Calculated l dproduction d i 4.500 00 MWh/year h/<br />
Yearly capital costs:<br />
2.580.000 €x 6,7%/year = 173.000 €/year<br />
Maintenance 1 €/MWh 4.500 €/year<br />
Total production costs: 177.500 €/year = ~ 40 €/MWh<br />
4.500 MWh/year<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
23
xx<br />
Xx<br />
Xx<br />
XX<br />
Xx<br />
xx<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
24
xx<br />
Xx<br />
Xx<br />
XX<br />
Xx<br />
xx<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
25
XX<br />
Xx<br />
xx<br />
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
26
SUNSTORE 3 (Dronninglund)<br />
Støttet af <strong>EU</strong>DP<br />
•35 35,000 000 m2 solar collectors<br />
•60,000 m3 pit heat storage<br />
•2.1 MW (cooling) absorption heat<br />
pump<br />
Combined with existing bio oil boilers<br />
and d CHP on natural t lgas<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 27
Functional diagram<br />
Dronninglund<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 28
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 29
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 30
Temperatures in the Pit Heat Storage<br />
SUNSTORE 3 ‐ Plan B • Dronninglund, den 23. marts 2011 • Niels From 31
meprodukktion<br />
/ [MWWh]<br />
Var<br />
Heat Production ‐ Dronninglund<br />
6.000<br />
5.000<br />
4.000<br />
3000 3.000<br />
2.000<br />
1.000<br />
0<br />
J F M A M J J A S O N D<br />
Måned<br />
Kedel<br />
HHedtvand d d<br />
Via ABS<br />
Via VV<br />
Motorer<br />
SUNSTORE 3 ‐ Plan B • Dronninglund, den 23. marts 2011 • Niels From 32
SUNSTORE 4 (Marstal)<br />
<strong>EU</strong> 77. rammepr<strong>og</strong>ram<br />
•15,000 , m2 solar collectors (+18,300 ( ,<br />
m2)<br />
•75,000 m3 pit heat storage<br />
•1.0 MW (cooling) compressor heat<br />
pump using CO2 as refrigerant<br />
•CHP using wood chips (4 MW heat and<br />
0.75 MW electricity from ORC)<br />
Combined with existing bio oil boilers<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 33
9.000 m 2<br />
9.300 m 2<br />
15.000 m 2<br />
HX‐1<br />
A B<br />
Functional diagram<br />
10.000 m 3<br />
1 2<br />
HX‐2 HX‐4<br />
3<br />
HX‐5<br />
E F<br />
Old HP<br />
HX‐3 HX‐6<br />
2<br />
1<br />
75.000 m 3<br />
3<br />
4<br />
HX‐7<br />
New HP<br />
C<br />
D<br />
G<br />
3<br />
ORC<br />
5<br />
1<br />
2.100 m 3<br />
4 2<br />
3+4 1+2<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 34<br />
Cond.<br />
Load
Floating cover element in Marstal<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 35
Heaat<br />
productioon<br />
/ [MWh/ /year]<br />
35.000<br />
30.000<br />
25 25.000 000<br />
20.000<br />
15.000<br />
10.000<br />
5.000<br />
0<br />
‐5.000<br />
Heat production<br />
4.001 3.647 3.520 1.175 1.078 996<br />
16.031 16.370 16.550<br />
19.053 19.402 19.476<br />
1257 1.257 11.257 257 1260 1.260 1261 1.261 1262 1.262 1262 1.262<br />
10.712 10.727 10.671 10.513 10.259 10.268<br />
‐2.833 ‐2.836 ‐2.895 ‐2.976 ‐3.178 ‐3.132<br />
180<br />
175<br />
170<br />
165<br />
160<br />
155<br />
150<br />
145<br />
140<br />
Heat pricee<br />
/ [DKK/MWWh]<br />
Bio oil<br />
Wood chips<br />
Heat pumps<br />
Collectors<br />
Storage losses<br />
Heat price<br />
IEA‐SHC, TASK 45, Barcelona , April 2011 36
Per Alex Sørensen PlanEnergi
Arbejdspakker SUNSTORE 4<br />
Design af anlægget i Marstal<br />
Etablering af anlægget i Marstal<br />
Måling <strong>og</strong> evaluering<br />
Beregning af 20 anlæg i 10 lande efter<br />
samme koncept (100% vedvarende<br />
energi med 50% sol)<br />
Formidling af resultaterne <strong>og</strong><br />
uddannelse<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 38
IEA‐SHC IEA SHC Task 45<br />
Large solar heating and cooling<br />
systems<br />
Varighed: Januar 2011–december<br />
2011 december<br />
2013<br />
Deltagende l d lande:10‐12 l d<br />
Subtasks: solfangere, g , varmelagre, g ,<br />
systemløsninger<br />
Operating agent: Danmark (Jan Erik<br />
Nielsen, PlanEnergi)<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 39
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
40
17/3 2011 SDHtake‐off workshop in Graz<br />
41
Tak <strong>for</strong> opmærksomheden<br />
SDHt SDHtake‐off: k ff www.solar‐district‐heating.eu<br />
l di t i t h ti<br />
SUNSTORE 4: www.solarmarstal.dk<br />
IEA SHC Task 45: www.iea‐shc.org/task45/<br />
PlanEnergi: g www.planenergi.dk<br />
p g<br />
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 42
DDBH 26.05.2011 Dronninglund 43
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