Islam and the Bomb - Belfer Center for Science and International ...

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Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 Fax: (617) 495-8963 Email: belfer_center@harvard.edu Website: http://belfercenter.org Design and Layout Tim Duffy Copyright 2010 President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America
In Memoriam Kenneth A. Moskow Died on 19 September, 2008, on the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, Africa A colleague and friend, a husband, father, son, and brother. Ken was the CIA’s point man on nuclear terrorism after 9/11. There is no one who understood the nuclear terrorism threat better than Ken. One of Harvard’s own, he inspired all who knew him with his great passion, deep commitment, boundless energy, and zest for life. Like so many quiet heroes of intelligence, Ken did more to protect his country than anyone will ever know. He is sorely missed.
Page 1: Islam Islam and the Bomb Religious
Page 6 and 7: AUTHOR’S NOTE Threats cannot be f
Page 8 and 9: CONTENTS Foreword 9 Living in an Ag
Page 10 and 11: 8 Islam and the Bomb: Religious Jus
Page 12 and 13: 10 ing nuclear weapons? Has a decis
Page 14 and 15: NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN THE 21 ST CENTUR
Page 16 and 17: 14 The Allure of Nuclear Weapons Th
Page 18 and 19: 16 Islam. They claim to represent t
Page 20 and 21: 18 In applying this hierarchy of mo
Page 22 and 23: 20 The Court of Public Opinion “C
Page 24 and 25: THE QURAN AND WEAPONS OF MASS DESTR
Page 26 and 27: 24 The first Caliph (successor to t
Page 28 and 29: 26 both Saudi radical cleric Nasir
Page 30 and 31: AL-QAEDA’S RELIGIOUS JUSTIFICATIO
Page 32 and 33: 30 On that basis, and in compliance
Page 34 and 35: 32 ings of US and Saudi targets in
Page 36 and 37: 34 In November, 2007, Sayid Imam Ab
Page 38 and 39: 36 He offers a meticulously researc
Page 40 and 41: 38 Zawahiri’s Three Operational M
Page 42 and 43: 40 they have done good for their re
Page 44 and 45: 42 Because the document was written
Page 46 and 47: SUNNI VOICES REJECTION OF TERRORIST
Page 48 and 49: Chronology of Sunni Voices Against
Page 50 and 51: Reactions to the anti-WMD Fatwa Dr
Page 52 and 53: SHIA VOICES IRAN AND THE BOMB Follo
Page 54 and 55:
52 “The decree by Khamenei “pro
Page 56 and 57:
54 “From all I can see, it’s no
Page 58 and 59:
president of the Kayhan chain of ne
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Ayatollah Mohammad Taghi Mesbah-Yaz
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you can do whatever you want to def
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Comment: For additional information
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APPENDICES Appendix A - Background
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66 Early Muslim scholars developed
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68 located in Yemen, Iraq, and part
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70 Appendix B: Al-Qaeda Nuclear Pla
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Appendix C: Events from 2003-2010 -
Page 76 and 77:
In his book “Cosmology and Human
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76 and hidden matters, the conseque
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78 pressed. Thus, this prohibition
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80 Appendix E: Sunni Biographies Dr
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82 despite our strong oppositions t
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84 to the United Nations. He presen
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86 losophy and in particular Sadra
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88 nied him food and drink until he
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90 Zawahiri: Page 5, 8, 25, 26, 50,
Page 94 and 95:
92 “As everyone knows, whoever at
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94 fought with fire, and Khalid ibn
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96 Sa’id reported to us that al-L
Page 100 and 101:
98 “The Prophet, may God bless hi
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100 and to refrain from them if the
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102 permissible, and one may setup
Page 106 and 107:
104 “Al-‘Ayni said in ‘Umdat
Page 108 and 109:
106 C. The third position on the is
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108 the prophet (may God bless him
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110 facilitate victory over them. T
Page 114 and 115:
112 “In this Hadith there is perm
Page 116 and 117:
114 The Imam al-Nawawi (may God hav
Page 118 and 119:
116 Referencing Al-Ayni Al-Fahd: Pa
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118 board with them. Malik said tha
Page 122 and 123:
120 “They said that this is a gen
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122 that a tradition from the proph
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124 “Similarly, if an non-believe
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126 The second aspect: Muslim leade
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128 beginning of the verse, God giv
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130 book “Consensus on Matters of
Page 134 and 135:
132 Ibn Qudamah also said: “Chapt
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134 Referencing Muhammad Ibn Isma
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136 in the Name of God and in God
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138 Ibn Taymiyyah (may God have mer
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140 a martyr. Anyone undeserving of
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142 Zawahiri: Page 35, 80, 82, 83,
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144 Similar to this is what Muhamma
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146 ENDNOTES 1. Tzu, Sun. The Art o
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148 Times. 29 May 2003. http://www.
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150 115. Intelligence and Terrorism
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152 163. Gomaa, Ali. “Biography.
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154 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report wo
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156 Islam and the Bomb: Religious J
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