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Mini Project - DSpace at CUSAT - Cochin University of Science and ...

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web browser th<strong>at</strong> came out <strong>of</strong> the supercomputing center <strong>at</strong> the <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> Illinois<br />

in 1993. (Mosaic was partially written by Marc Andreessen for $6.85 an hour as an<br />

undergradu<strong>at</strong>e student on a work-study project. He moved on to fame <strong>and</strong> fortune<br />

as one <strong>of</strong> the c<strong>of</strong>ounders <strong>and</strong> the chief <strong>of</strong> technology <strong>at</strong> Netscape.)<br />

In the SunWorld interview, Gosling says th<strong>at</strong> in mid-1994, the language developers<br />

realized<br />

th<strong>at</strong> “We could build a real cool browser. It was one <strong>of</strong> the few things in the client/<br />

server mainstream th<strong>at</strong> needed some <strong>of</strong> the weird things we’d done: architecture<br />

neutral,<br />

real-time, reliable, secure—issues th<strong>at</strong> weren’t terribly important in the workst<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

world. So we built a browser.”<br />

The actual browser was built by P<strong>at</strong>rick Naughton <strong>and</strong> Jon<strong>at</strong>han Payne <strong>and</strong> evolved<br />

into the HotJava browser. The HotJava browser was written in Java to show <strong>of</strong>f the<br />

power <strong>of</strong> Java. But the builders also had in mind the power <strong>of</strong> wh<strong>at</strong> are now called<br />

applets, so they made the browser capable <strong>of</strong> executing code inside web pages. This<br />

“pro<strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong> technology” was shown <strong>at</strong> SunWorld ‘95 on May 23, 1995, <strong>and</strong> inspired the<br />

Java craze th<strong>at</strong> continues today.<br />

Sun released the first version <strong>of</strong> Java in early 1996. People quickly realized th<strong>at</strong> Java<br />

1.0<br />

was not going to cut it for serious applic<strong>at</strong>ion development. Sure, you could use Java<br />

1.0<br />

to make a nervous text applet th<strong>at</strong> moved text r<strong>and</strong>omly around in a canvas. But you<br />

couldn’t even print in Java 1.0. To be blunt, Java 1.0 was not ready for prime time. Its<br />

successor, version 1.1, filled in the most obvious gaps, gre<strong>at</strong>ly improved the reflection<br />

capability, <strong>and</strong> added a new event model for GUI programming. It was still r<strong>at</strong>her<br />

limited, though.<br />

The big news <strong>of</strong> the 1998 JavaOne conference was the upcoming release <strong>of</strong> Java 1.2,<br />

which replaced the early toylike GUI <strong>and</strong> graphics toolkits with sophistic<strong>at</strong>ed <strong>and</strong><br />

scalable<br />

versions th<strong>at</strong> come a lot closer to the promise <strong>of</strong> “Write Once, Run Anywhere”<br />

than its predecessors. Three days after (!) its release in December 1998, Sun’s<br />

marketing<br />

department changed the name to the c<strong>at</strong>chy Java 2 St<strong>and</strong>ard Edition S<strong>of</strong>tware<br />

Development<br />

Kit Version 1.2.<br />

Besides the St<strong>and</strong>ard Edition, two other editions were introduced: the Micro Edition<br />

for<br />

embedded devices such as cell phones, <strong>and</strong> the Enterprise Edition for server-side<br />

processing.<br />

This book focuses on the St<strong>and</strong>ard Edition.<br />

17

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