1998 The Fermentation of coconut meat using Saccharomyces ...

1998
#1
The Fermentation of coconut meat using Saccharomyces
cerevisiae (HBY3) for alcohol production
Allan Jay Abeleda, Sergius Barsaga, Kristofferson Dimaano, Edward Medel, Noel
ABSTRACT
Alcoholic fermentation of young coconut meat by a pure culture of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae HBY3 strain was done in 4.0 L fermenting flasks for 24
hours. The initial sugar concentration was 20.8 g/kg of beer. After 24 hours of
fermentation, the alcohol concentration was 16.23 g/L of liquid beer. The
residual sugar concentration was 9.77 g/kg of beer and total sugar consumed by
fermentation was 11.07 g/kg of beer.
Fermentation efficiency was 95.79%. Upon using fractional distillation to
extract the alcohol, 36 ml of 190 proof ethanol was obtained while theoretical
yield was 41.2 ml. The efficiency of fermentation was high, thus the sugar to
alcohol conversion was maximized, but the low sugar content meat sample was
rather low, so the amount ethanol obtained from the process was also small.
Compared to industrial scale fermentation, the fermentation efficiency of
this process is very ideal, but low sugar content inhibited the feasible production
of ethanol from coconut meat.
#2
The design of a light equipped Bicycle Helmet
Marvin Abing, Erik Evangelista, William Albert Penalosa, Josef Brian Solidum
ABSTRACT
By adding signal lights and a continuous flashing light to an ordinary
bicycle helmet, a biker’s safety is greatly increased. That is the main objective
behind the design of a light equipped bicycle helmet.
The left and right signal lights are controlled from a switch placed on the
handle bar. A continuous flashing tail-light with another switch is placed at the
back of the helmet. Power is provided by a 3 volt battery pack made up of two
(2) 1.5-volt size D batteries. The lights on the helmet connect to the battery
case and the switches by means of a spring-type wire. The helmet is easily
detachable from the wiring due to a clamp-type clip that can be attached and
removed with great ease.
Adjustable clamps are used to clip the switch to the handlebar of the bike.
The said switch is strategically placed near the fingers of the cyclist for easier
turning on or off of the signals lights.

The battery case is waterproof and is attached to the middle bar of the
bike, which is the most stable part of the bike frame, and a place where it would
not bother the bicyclist.
Testing the light equipped bicycle helmet showed that the signal lights can
be seen at midday from a distance of approximately 15 meters, while at
midnight, they can be seen from more than 25 meters. With the batteries the
battery case weighs 0.6 kg. The original helmet weighed 0.15 kg. The finished
product weighs 0.30 kg.
All in all the light equipped bicycle helmet could be a powerful tool in
helping prevent more bicycle-related injuries.
#3
Modification of A commercial Water filter using Horseradish
as Phenol Eliminator
Ericson P Acapulco, Inah Theresa H Borja, Ma Criselda A Gironella, Oliver G
Mendoza
ABSTRACT
One of the major industrial wastes that pollute our country’s river systems
is phenol, a potent carcinogenic introduced into the waterways by way of
dumping untreated wastewater from factories and coal-conversion plants. A
recent Penn State University study, however, showed that a component of
horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) has a component, horseradish peroxidase,
which can neutralize or eliminate phenol. This research aimed to modify a
commercial water filter, enabling it to neutralize phenol in contaminated water
with the use of horseradish at low cost to both the user and to the environment.
Three treatments using coal water as the sample polluted liquid were
done in the study. The first consisted of activated carbon, the second used
minced horseradish and the last was a combination of the first two. Analysis for
phenol content was done with the use of a spectrophotometer and the
proportions were determined by linear regression. The study showed that the
modified water filter did work, with a minimum of 37.12% reduction in the
phenol level and a maximum reduction of 80.00%.
#4
The local Production of Dextrose from Banana starch
Andrea Adolfo, Maria Cherryl Arana, Eleanor de Jesus, Amabelle Perez, Karen
Simon
ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted to test the feasibility of banana starch as a
main component in dextrose production. Termamyl 120L was added to the
banana starch slurry (made by mixing banana powder and water) for liquefaction
and further thinning before passing through activated carbon crystallization.
The resulting liquid (dextrin) is then filtered, refined and subjected to
crystallization. Crystallized dextrose was obtained and its purity was found to be
5%, according to the test conducted by the Bureau of Food and Drugs (BFAD).
The overall yield from the process was 20g of crystalline dextrose from 472g of
banana powder.
#5
The comparison of the Radio protective properties of coconut
oil and soybean oil
Diogenes Geebee G Agcaoili Jr
ABSTRACT
This study aims on proving the feasibility of coconut oil and soybean oil as
substitute radioprotectors. This will be done by forcefeeding the oils to several
treatments of mice and then exposing the mice to cobalt-60 radiation. The
organs of the mice will be sent to a pathologist for histipathological analysis. If
the oil are proven to be feasible, it will be used to substitute the currently leading
radioprotectors which, compared to coconut oil and soybean oil which can be
cheaply purchased for the market, are relatively more expensive. This cheaper
radioprotector can be purchased by more people thus saving more lives.
#6
The production of Biofoam using coconut (cocos nucifera)
gel as starting material
Joe Carlo T Latea, Rebecca R Ricalde, David Michael F Shinyo, Allan Ray R Vistan
ABSTRACT
Biofoam is a rigid, opaque, microcellular foam from organic starting
materials. It is of low density, is strong, biodegradable and water soluble. It is a
good insulator and sound dampener. SEAgel is a type of biofoam already being
produced. It starting materials are gelatin and agar. This material has potential
use as a packaging material that could replace Styrofoam.
The group produced both SEAgel biofoam and a local formula biofoam.
The local formula biofoam using coconut (cocos nucifera) gel as starting
material. This was chosen because it is inexpensive and produced locally.
The SEAgel biofoam was successfully made and strength by percent
compression was measured. Styrofoam samples were also tested for percent by

percent compression. The results showed that Styrofoam is around 30%
stronger. The production of coconut (Cocos nucifera) gel biofoam was not
succesfull. At first the coconut gel biofoam seemed to be like SEAgel biofoam
but it is stickier and more pliable. The samples produced shrunk within an hour
after it was taken out of the freeze-drying units. The strength test by percent
compression could not be carried out because it size is too small.
#7
The design and testing of an improvised solar-enhanced
bicycle.
Denis Joseph C Amparo, Antonio Carlos P Arceo, Raul Enrico Martin D Bo-ot,
Paulo Jose M Chua
ABSTRACT
This design for a solar-powered bicycle utilizes solar panels to power the
electric direct current motor that runs the bike. The bicycle allows the rider the
choice of using either the foot pedal or the electric motor. Electronic circuits will
be used to control the charging and discharging of the battery and the speed of
the motor.
Special attachments were designed for the bicycle to accommodate the
solar panels, a battery, circuit box and the electric motor. The motor is
connected to the left part of the rear wheel through a bicycle chain so as not to
interfere with the operation of the foot pedal. An initial assembly of the bike
showed that the chain connecting the rear wheel and the motor moves out of
place because of misalignment of the gear plate and the structure supporting the
solar panels were not stable. The whole assembly was thus not subjected to
tests except for a manual test ride that showed that the bike, though it has a
heavy load at the back, could be easily used as soon as balance is achieved.
During wiring of the charge controller circuit has started but non-available
components delayed the completion of the circuit.
During operation, the rider starts riding the bike using the foot pedal to
achieve balance. As soon as balance is achieved, the rider has the option of
switching on the electric motor. The electric motor and the foot pedal are
designed not to interfere with one another since they are connected to the right
and left sides of the rear wheel, respectively employing the free-wheel concept.
The group was not able to pursue testing since structures supporting the
panels have to be redesigned. This was due to time constraints brought about by
the non-availability of required components.
#8
The extraction of α-tocopherol from allium cepa

Adrian Angeles, Patrick Joseph Cervantes, Erwin Escobar, Franz Michael Irorita,
Salvador Kwe
ABSTRACT
Samples of Allium cepa (common household onion) were procured and
chopped up, the samples then were dehydrated by oven-heating to remove
excess moisture and put into a soxhlet apparatus for extraction with diethyl
ether. In order to separate the crude extract form the diethyl ether, the extract
was distilled. The resulting sample was then dissolved in absolute (100%)
ethanol before undergoing α-tocopherol content analysis through
spectrophotometry. The percent yield of α-tocopherol from a concentration of
0.0789% was 0.15549%.
#9
Fish Extract As a Substitute for Beef Extract in Nutrient Agar
Noel B Antonio, Liezl T Domingo, Arlene T Lim, Mary Grace M Nisola, Catherine L
Uy
ABSTRACT
The usual media for bacteriological cultivation is nutrient agar which
consists of beef extract. However with current beef prices, it is not practical to
make use of beef for nutrient agar preparations. The purpose of this study is to
test whether fish is a suitable substitute for beef extract in nutrient agar. Extract
was obtained from roundscad (galunggong) head and meat and substituted for
beef extract in the nutrient agar. Mycobacterium phlei, staphylococcus aureus,
and Escherichia coli were then inoculated and allowed to grow for 48 hours in
the plates of fish agar. Results show that there is no significant difference
between the number of colonies in the fish agar and the number of colonies in
the nutrient agar.
#10
A comparative Histopathological study on coconut oil and
soybean oil as radioprotectors of Duodenum and colon
systems of mice
Aessandra Arauloo, Victoria Costales, MAriel Nevado, Peter Joseph Precilla
ABSTRACT
The radioprotective properties of soy bean oil and coconut oil were
compared and tested through the following procedure: the oils were force-fed
into the test animals (2-months old male mice) 3 hours before exposure to

adiation at 20 Gy dosage. The mice were dissected ten hours after, and placed
in specimen bottles with formalin. Specimens were later sent to a pathologists
for histopathological analysis based on levels of apoptosis, tissue destruction and
sloughing of nucleus.
The test animals were divided randomly into three groups: the coconut oil
group, the soy bean oil group and the control group. Each treatment (except the
control group) were further subdivided into three groups of three different levels
of concentration: 0.2 mL, 0.5mL, and 0.8 mL of the particular oil.
Results of the histopathological analysis indicate that the coconut oil and
soybean oil-treated samples were protected from radiation compared to the
control group which did not receive any treatment. The levels of apoptosis
(programmed cell death), tissue destruction, and sloughing off of the nucleus
were almost the same for both oil-treated groups and lower than the control
group. There was no conclusive difference between the coconut oil-treated
group. Further and more extensive studies can be done to verify the difference.
#11
The use of Jatropha Multifida in treating wounds
Vergil John Ascabano, Jonas Gonzales, Julia Lusanne Torres, Shatylu Umali,
Celeste Regina Zapanta
ABSTRACT
A study on the effectivity of Jatropha multifida latex in healing wounds
was conducted. White mice were used as test subjects. There were three
different treatment groups, each group having three mice. An incision
measuring approximately 1 cm long was inflicted along the length of each
mouse’s tail. The first group was treated with a leading antiseptic, Betadine, the
second group with sap of Jatropha Multifida, and the third group was left
untreated to serve as the control group. The mice were treated and observed
daily. Bacterial counts were also performed on the swab samples taken from the
wounds on the first, third and fifth day.
The results of the bacterial count show that there was no significant
difference between the effectivity of the treatment in preventing bacterial
growth. However, the qualitative observations of wound sizes and healing time
show that betadine and latex almost have the same level of effectivity in healing
the wounds. Statistical tests on the healing time confirm that the latex is
effective in healing wounds.
#12
The design and testing of an improved soldering gun
Allen Lee E Ayusa, Robert Brian O Caparas, Dino T del Rosario, Christian Vincent
C Gungon

ABSTRACT
The project is about improving the design of a locally available soldering
gun. A 220v 100W Stanley soldering gun was acquired. A 220V pilot lamp was
used and wired to light up as soon as the device is plugged into an electrical
outlet. Likewise, a 9V flashlight bulb was added to signal that the soldering gun
tip is hot enough (216 °C -302 °C; 420.8 °F-576.6 °F) to melt the soldering lead.
To conceal the wiring, a 5mm plastic sheet was shaped and folded to fit the gun.
Thermistors were used to sense the heat of the tip. Various thermistors
were tested and results show that a45 ohm thermistor is suitable for the
temperature range needed.
Performance testing on the apparatus showed that the soldering gun
starts to melt the soldering lead immediately after the 9V flashlight bulb starts to
light up. This occurs 15 to 20 seconds upon pressing the trigger of the soldering
gun for the first time. Releasing the trigger stops the flow of current that passes
through the heating coils of the gun. During this time, the tip cools down, but
there is still heat in it due to heat conduction. Testing showed that pressing the
trigger within 45 to 50 seconds will light the bulb 5 to 10 seconds later. After the
50 th second upon releasing the trigger, it would again require 15 to 20 seconds
of pressing the trigger in order for the bulb to light.
Although the soldering gun is quite heavy and bulky compared to normal
soldering guns, it accurately signals the user when the device is hot enough to
melt the soldering lead. The pilot lamp turns on when the device is plugged,
helping the user see whether or not the device is on. The materials (gun and
tools not included) to improve one gun cost 150 pesos.
#13
Utilization of Biodegradable Kitchen wastes into organic
fertilizer using earthworms (lumbricus terrestris)
Selwyn Ralph bantang, Maria Eliza de Belen, Ruth Sidra Mantua, Anna Marie
Krishna Zuloaga
#14
The Production and testing of Dehumidifying Paper from
recycled Paper Pulp with Silica Gel Desiccant
Jemimah E Bantola, KArlo Eugene Josef M Castro, John Paul B Domingo, Mia
KArmina R Viniegra
ABSTRACT
Silica gel is widely used as a dessicant for industrial applications because it
is easy to prepare and has a high adsorptive capacity compared to other types of
dessicants like Montmorillonite clay and molecular sieve. The molecular sieve is

the most expensive among the three desiccants. A method for modifying a
porous materials such as recycled paper by impregnating it with silica gel was
thus conceptualized to produce dehumidifying paper. The paper produced by
the group was a bit coarse and was grayish in color. The silica gel embedded in
the paper easily fell off. The falling off of the silica gel was minimized by further
reducing the size of the silica gel used. The silica gel loaded paper samples were
chemically analyzed at the fiber industry and development Authority for its
moisture capacity and pH concentration. The paper samples containing silica gel
exhibited higher liquid capacity than ordinary recycled paper when tested. The
pH concentration of the samples produced was almost neutral at pH 7. The
results of the moisture capacity test showed that the moisture content of the
different samples had a significant difference from that of paper without silica
gel. As the amount of silica gel in the paper increases, the greater the amount
of moisture absorbed. However, no conclusion between increasing silica gel
content, increased adsorption, and quality of paper could be concluded because
of the limited samples produced.
#15
The Feasibility of Clay Jars as containers/coolers for the
temporary preservation of food products
Francis Allan Baquiran, Crisanto Corpuz, Karlo Hombrebueno, Andrew Pinlac
ABSTRACT
The project aimed to determine the practicality of using clay jars in the
preservation of food products. Samples of beef meat and evaporated milk were
placed into test tubes, and were submerged in clay jars filled with tap water.
Thermometers were attached to the test tubes in order to record their
temperatures at a specific rate. To vary the initial temperatures of the clay jar,
an additional set-up was used wherein the jar was filled with ice water instead of
tap water. It was observed that the clay jars could maintain the low
temperature of ice water for about ten hours, which implies that the jars could
be used as ideal food and beverage coolers.
#16
The effect of ionizing radiation on onion bulbs
Jennifer R Baradas, Marc Angelo DLC Basuel, Faye Mabel P Guerzon, Clarilyn N
Santos, Jairus Rex G Tetangco
ABSTRACT

A study was conducted to identify the effects of ionizing radiation. These
observations may be used to determine the irradiation doses of foods, such as
onion.
The allium test, utilizing the common Allium cepa was used for detection of
radiation. A number of onion bulbs was exposed to the following irradiation
doses: 0 kGy, 0.15 kGy, 0.30 kGy, and two unknown doses. These bulbs were
allowed to grow for collection of macroscopic data i.e. root length, green leaves
(shoot) length, and the number of roots and green leaves produced.
Observations show that radiation has a significant effect in all macroscopic
parameters used in this study. The growth rate of the bulbs also seem to
become slower as doses increase. This relationship served as a basis for the
prediction of the unknown doses. The onion bulbs of in known doses were put
into two separate treatments and were allowed to grow. The collected data from
each sample was compared, using t-test, to the previous data, and predictions of
doses were made.
Due to significant changes brought about irradiation, a radiation dose
table was constructed. It was inconclusive at some parts because of less
significant relationship between doses. It was assumed that this was due to
dose interval. It was believed that the dose interval were too small to create
drastic changes in the macroscopic parameters observed.
#17
The design and testing of an improved poultry incubator
Ma Cristina F Bartolome, Honeylet C Bescara, Elarqueen C Escueta, Tara Ayesha
S Tanjutco
ABSTRACT
A poultry incubator is an apparatus used for a single important purpose:
The artificial incubation of poultry eggs. The group decided to design and test
an incubator, made of locally available materials, which will save the time,
money, and efforts of the user.
The group’s apparatus incorporates light bulbs which will be the main
source of heat for the incubation process, blowers to circulate the air inside, a
digital display which keeps track of the days the eggs have been inside and when
to expect hatches, push button controls to set the number of days, and most
importantly, better insulation which ensures minimal escape of heat from inside
the incubator to its surroundings. A thermostat regulates the temperature inside
the incubator so that the eggs only receive the amount of heat they need.
The incubator’s outer casing is made of wood \covered in vinyl. The
dimensions of the prototype are tailored to fit a commercially available Styrofoam
box used as insulation. The trays used are made of acrylic plastic sheets which
are heat resistant. The incubator can accommodate 40 chicken or duck eggs. A

thermometer measures the temperature inside so the user can confirm the
correct temperature.
The group developed a rack design that mechanizes the turning of eggs.
However, the rack mechanization was not finished to a satisfactory standard and
so the group excluded it from the performance testing of the apparatus. Testing
conducted at the fuel and appliances Testing laboratory (FATL), using
thermocouples, proved that the temperature inside the incubator is consistent at
37.8 °C to 39.1 °C throughout the interior volume. A test for electrical
consumption of the apparatus, also done at FATL, showed that the incubator
uses minimal electricity.
Two tests were conducted to determine if the temperature maintained
inside the incubator can hatch eggs. In the first test, none of the chicken eggs
that were incubated hatched. In the second test, 40% of the duck eggs that
were incubated hatched. The group does not consider these results as
conclusive. Lack of control over the supply of eggs, rough handling during
transportation, a ten-hour nationwide power failure during the first test, and the
inexperience of the researchers in dealing with hatching processes could have
affected the development of the embryos.
#18
The Comparative study of cement bonded particle boards
with cement-with-lahar particle boards
Mica Olivine C Bastillo, Ma Arnebelle C Hidalgo, Hazel Jane J Langcauon, Kristine
Joy A Quema, Julius Nestor M Sadiarin
ABSTRACT
The need for other sources of construction materials is increasing. In
response to this demand, many studies have been done to discover other
alternatives. This aims to do such by identifying the feasibility of producing
cement-with-lahar-bonded polystyrene particle boards. Cement-bonded
polystyrene particle boards have been developed just recently and were found to
possess similar quantities as those typical of wood-based construction boards.
Furthermore production of polystyrene boards was done to identify the effect of
lahar on the physical properties of the cement-bonded particle boards.
Used Styrofoam packages from different fast-food centers were obtained,
cleaned, shredded into tiny pieces, and osterized. The Styrofoam particles were
then weighed according to different ratios between cement and Styrofoam.

Cement to lahar ratio is 1:1. After weighing the particles, cement and lahar were
mixed with water, which amounted to 20% of weighed of the binder (cement or
combination of cement and lahar). The boards were produced using a
30cmx30cmx25cm forming box, pressed, then removed after 24 hours. After a
three-week drying period, the samples were subjected to different tests such as
the Modulus of Rupture (MOR), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE), Nail Head Pullthrough
(NHPT), and thickness Swelling and water Absorption Tests (TSWA).
Cement-with-lahar-bonded polystyrene particle boards, according to
results, exceeded Philippine standards and values of sugarcane boards for all
tests. However, it was found that Styrofoam-based cement-bonded particle
boards possess better qualities. Nevertheless, cement-with-lahar boards are
more economically feasible. It is cheaper, because it uses only half of the
cement needed.
#19
Effects of Different Insecticides On Insects And Other Higher
Life Forms
Jericho Santos Bautista, Garycesar de Guzman
ABSTRACT
Our study aims to give a quantitative analysis of the various effects of the
different insecticides out in the market today. They are the botanical insecticides
and synthetic insecticides. These two are said to affect not only the insects and
pests but higher forms of life as well.
We made extracts of botanical insecticides from common household and
garden plants. We also obtained samples of the synthetic insecticides that are
out in the market today. We cultured our own mosquitoes by trapping wrigglers
using fine mosquito nets. We then separated them into seven batches. We
purchased mice which we also separated into seven groups. We then tested the
insecticides on our samples by spraying the insecticides on them.
After testing, we found out that there is a big difference the botanical and
synthetic insecticides. The synthetic killed all the mosquitoes and mice exposed
to it while the natural insecticides did not kill all the mosquitoes and affected
only a few mice.
After testing, we found out that there is a big difference the botanical and
synthetic insecticides. The synthetic insecticide killed all the mosquitoes and
mice exposed to it while the natural insecticides did not kill all the mosquitoes
and affected only a few mice.
This study shows that there is a difference between the effects of
different insecticides on insects and other higher life forms.
#20

The design and testing of a small-scale garbage incinerator
for domestic use
Julie Anne C Bautista, Elizabeth S Gueta, Prince Louie B Mamhot, Jelle Jasmin M
Manuel
ABSTRACT
In some subdivisions in the city, and in the provinces, refuse is not
collected regularly. People tend to burn this accumulated garbage in order to
prevent disease. However, burning in this manner needs constant supervision
and continuous turning of garbage. This method also produces thick, gray,
polluting smoke. The group has created a device to reduce the volume of
accumulated waste in homes.
A prototype was designed and constructed to burn dry waste. It traps
smoke generated particulars and other pollutant in a water trap making the air
coming out from its pipe clean and non-polluting.
Testing of the apparatus included efficiency with respect to mass burned
and rate of burning (volume per second), and earth-friendliness through filter
testing and smoke testing. Smoke testing was done qualitatively. Test results
have given the rate of burning as 1.37 cubic centimeters per second for dry
garbage and a density of 0.55 grams per cubic centimeters. For damp trash
having an approximate density of 0.012 grams per cubic centimeter, the rate of
burning was 0.067 cubic centimeters per second. The carbon content of the
water used in the filter is 31.6 mg/L.
Results of tests done with the incinerator was compared with the results
obtained using conventional burning with a drum. Test results indicate that the
rate of burning of dry waste in a drum is ten times longer compared to that of
the incinerator. The incinerator burns garbage completely without needing to
continuously turn over the garbage or reignite the fire.
#21
The feasibility of using indigenous dyestuff in the production
of highlighter inks
John Paul Emmanuel Franco Bayhon, Faith Anne Villacorta Buenaventura, Rafael
Lorenzana Jover, Anna Marseille dalida Gabutero, Kathryn Mae Ogali Pujanes
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted in order to determine the feasibility of using
indigenous dyestuff to produce quality highlighter inks. Three plants were
chosen as sources of dyes, the San Francisco leaves, the gumamela flower, and
the yellow ginger. The criterion used in choosing the said plants was their
accessibility. Extraction of the dyes called for different methods. The foremost

method used was boiling and steam treatment. After dyes were extracted,
instability of both the yellow ginger and the gumamela dyes were observed.
Ink production using the San Francisco dye was continued. It was
determined that the solvent used in creating highlighter inks was water. The
different components were gathered. Inks, with different ratios of dye (solute)
to water (solvent) were produced. The inks produced were tested on paper. A
survey was made which treatment students preferred. The samples were judged
based on a set of criteria. The criteria were the texture of paper after marking,
the evenness of color, drying time, smearing, and odor.
The standard, store-bough highlighter pen was observed to be the most
preferred. It was also observed that in some criteria, such as odor and smearing,
the ink that was produced using indigenous dyestuff was considered acceptable.
It was then concluded that indigenous dyestuff could be used to produce
highlighter inks, though some improvements can still be made in the production
of the ink.
#22
The potential of Phoeo discolor and San Francisco (Codiaeum
variegatum) leaf extracts as Acid- Base Indicators
Thea Arcella G Bohol, Maria Cecilia O Francisco, Georgina D Gutano, Bella Angela
C Soriano, Hannah Grace B Tasarra
ABSTRACT
Alternative local sources, such as San Francisco (codiaeum variegatum)
and Rhoeo discolor, were studied as potential acid-base indicators using three
methods of extraction: boiling, dissolution of fresh samples, and dissolution of
dried samples. With the use of ethanol as solvent, the extracts were tested
gainst standard solutions with pH 1 to 13. The longevity and stability of the
extracts were also determined.
The boiled red violet Phoeo discolor and cherry red San Francisco extracts
turned yellow and yellow-green in basic solutions respectively. From dark green
the fresh San Francisco extract turned orange in pH 1-2, light brown in pH 3 and
yellow in pH 4. On the other hand, the fresh dark green Rhoeo discolor turned
light yellow in the pH range 1-4. The dried dark green San Francisco turned
orange in pH 1-2 and yellow-green in pH3-4. The dark green Phoeo discolor
turned very pale orange in pH 1 and yellow that color change occours at two
particular specific pH values. The extracts obtained through dissolution possess
longer and more consistent shelf life.
#23
The utilization of Rice hull in Particle Board Production
Lee Robert Britanico, Jel Carlo Bugay, Celsus Kintanar, Allen Paul Miole, Jessie
James Trivino

ABSTRACT
The project aimed to determine if rice hull can be used for particle board
production. In doing so, rice hull and phenol-formaldehyde, a binder commonly
used with wood shaving and such were obtained. Three different material-tobinder
ratios were used. These were 86:14, 84:16, 84:14 by weight. The
materials underwent standard procedures set by FPRDI. After production, the
boards were tested. Results showed that the boards had a good water
resistance capacity for it passed the thickness swelling test. The boards on the
other hand did not pass the strength test. It is believed that it was due to the
materials’ particle size, and that using the right size would produce a stronger
board.
24
The effect of “Hugas – Bigas” on the growth of Pechay
(Brassica pekinensis) plants
Ryan Paulo Buan, Ronald Aaron U Po, Mylai M Dimaculangan, Jasmin B Ibero,
Monica Felise A Jara
ABSTRACT
A study on the different nutrients present in “hugas-bigas” was conducted
Pechay (brassica pekinensis) plants were divided into 5 groups. The first group
was watered with 100% concentration of fist washing, the second group with
50% concentration of first washing, the third group with 100% concentration of
second washing, the fourth group with 50% concentration of second washing
and the fifth with tap water. The “hugas-bigas” was also tested for the presence
of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as soil and water pH. Observations of plant
growth showed that the 50% concentration of second washing contributed to the
highest growth of pechay plants. The first washing of “hugas-bigas” had a
31.9% nitrogen concentration while the second washing had an 18.2%
concentration.
#25
Production of ice cream using winged bean milk
Rose Butaran, Caitlin Lavin, Luz Lopez, Maia Malonso, Jerusalem Mercado
ABSTRACT
Ice cream utilizing winged bean milk in lieu of cow’s milk was produced.
The milk, extracted from winged beans, was used in the ice-cream making
process. Although the ice cream produced did not rate very high in terms of

taste, the texture, odor, and appearance was comparable to that of regular
homemade ice cream. The experimental ice cream/product was more nutritious
than the regular homemade ice cream. This was determined using the Kjeldahl
method and Gerber method. In conclusion, winged bean milk ice cream is the
more nutritious ice cream.
#26
Waste from carrageenan production as a potting medium for
corn (Zea mays)
Romelei S Camiling, Patricia Arielle A Castro, Karen Kate O David, Joyce
Dominique J Jiao, Ruth Faye T Toribio
ABSTRACT
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the feasibility of
carrageenan mud – the waste product of carrageenan processing from seaweed
– as potting medium for corn (Zea mays). Several treatments were used in
order to determine how the waste product would fare against common media:
pure carrageenan waste (w), soil (S), and compost ©, and 1:1 mixtures of w=C,
C+S, and S+W. The heights of the corn plants were taken every week. At the
end of five weeks, results showed that the C+S mixture produced the tallest
plants. The W+C medium was next while pure carrageenan waste was a close
third. In order to compare the yield in terms of mass, the plants were harvested,
and the roots were separated and cut off from the shoots. These were then
oven-dried, then ground to a fine powder, also separately. Weighing showed
that the roots with the greatest dry matter weight came from the pure
carrageenan waste treatment. The C+S mixture produced the greatest shoot dry
matter yield, on the other hand. The W+C treatment was a far third, and pure
waste came only fourth. Based on the given data, and considering that the
carrageenan waste samples were acquired from a carrageenan processing
factory for free, it may be concluded that carrageenan mud is not only an
effective soil substitute or amendment for corn, but also a feasible and efficient
potting medium.
#27
The Effectivity of Peanut Meal as a Potential Weed Killer
Cherilie D Candelaria, Mary Angelyn N Joves, Shiela C Samson, Joana Daphne T
Tigno
ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the effectivity of the peanut meal
as a potential weed killer. It objective was tom find out if peanut meal would
decreases the number of weeds and/or inhibit weed growth. Another purpose
was to discover if the treatment would be harmful to other plants.
Three treatments were formulated for the experiment. Treatment A,
comprising of the peanut meal, was obtained by extracting the oil from the
peanuts with the use of a Soxhlet apparatus. Treatment B is the peanut itself
and treatment C, the control, is plain water. In treatment A and B, the peanuts
were crushed and dissolved in water at a ratio of 1g peanuts to 100 ml water.
Three land areas with the same dimensions were isolated for the experiment.
Ten individual weeds were labeled in each area to account for changes in height
and the rate of growth. Areas A,B and C were treated with their corresponding
treatments every Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays and were observed before
every treatment.
At the same time, a germination study was conducted. An equal number
of mongo seeds was placed on two Petri dishes. One dish was treated with
osterized peanut meal while the other was moistened with water. The
germination of the said weeds and their lengths were recorded.
After two weeks of treatment, there were no significant changes observed
in areas A and B. Also, there was no significant difference observed in areas A
and B compared to control. The mongo seeds with peanut meal were observed
to have relatively less germination than the mongo seeds moistened with water.
But it was concluded that this was due to the peanut meal particles which could
have competed for moisture. Thus, we conclude that peanut meal is not
effective as a weed killer.
#28
The production of gels from egg white for potential industrial
purposes
Noah P Canlas, Ramil P Herrera, Bryan A Lingan, Maria Carmelina F Suplido,
Marwin T Macalanda
ABSTRACT
The effect of the addition of egg white to the different gelling reagents in
the production of gels was determined. Solutions of egg white with different
coagulants, agar, pectin, alginate, and gelatin, were prepared, heated, then left
to cool. Among the four kinds of solutions, only the agar and alginate solutions
produced solid substances, forming gels and a tough gum-like substance
respectively. The egg white did not seem to have a great effect on the agar
solutions with alginate produced tough substances because the alginate used for
the study was specifically used for dental impressions, therefore having a
comparatively different composition compared to the alginate used in gelation.

Through the course of experimentation, it was observed that the addition of
gelling reagents improves the quality of egg white gel.
#29
Complete odor abatement of chicken manure
Dominador Castillo III, Jona Hilario, Joan Musico, Melissa Rellosa, Sarah Kathleen
Santos
ABSTRACT
The elimination of unpleasant odors emanating from chicken manure in
poultry farms was studied. Ground water lily stems and limonene oil extracted
from orange peelings were added separately to regular chicken feed and were
fed to the female broiler chickens. After three days, the manure underwent
sensory evaluation tests and results showed that both feed additives were able
to minimize the odor. The ability of cut and dried water lily stalks to act as odor
adsorbents was also tested by placing them on top pf the chicken manure.
Sensory evaluation done after three days showed that the odor was likewise
minimized.
#30
The comparison of the radioprotective properties of
glutathione, butylated hydroxyanisole, and garlic bulb
extract via hyperthermia-radiation interaction using
bactrocera philippinensis (Oriental fruit fly)
Maria Elena Dacanay, Dyan Kristine Buenaventura, Leslie Samantha Marcelo
ABSTRACT
Radiotheraphy is widely used in cancer treatment today. The problem
with this form of treatment is that normal, healthy cells are not spared from the
adverse effects of radiation. This research aims to establish garlic as a possible
alternative to glutathione )GSH), a standard, though expensive, radioprotector.
The latter is a component of garlic. This study also intends to establish butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA), an antioxidant which hinders the enzyme that interferes
with the action of GSH, as an independent radio protector. It endeavors to
compare two potential radioprotectors, garlic and BHA, with GSH. The
relationship between hyperthermia and the effectiveness of the radioprotectors
was also tested. There were 8 setups received a high concentration of the radio
protector while the other half received a low concentration. Of the four, 2 were
submerged in a water bath at 37C, while the other 2 were subjected to
hyperthermia at 42C. Of these two, one from each temperature was irradiated

at 10 Gray (Gy) while the other was irradiated at 40 Gy. The same was done for
all radioprotectors, for a total of 24 setups.
Data on the emergence rates show that BHA almost matched the
performance of GSH, showing its potential for use as an independent
radioprotector. Garlic shows some promise, surpassing the performance of the
other two substances at 40 Gy, 42C. Results also suggests that hyperthermia
enhanced radioprotection at 10 Gy but not at 40 Gy. Two biochemical tests were
performed, SDS-page and tyrosinase Assay, which confirmed the presence of
tyrosinase and showed that the radioprotectors were able to prevent the enzyme
from being functionally impaired by radiation..
#31
The design and construction of a modified hydraulic system
for a semiautomatic electromagnetic clutch
Christi Anne G De Guzman, Raphael Carlo J Domingo, Kartini Bianca C Reyes,
Ricarido M Saturay Jr
ABSTRACT
The semiautomatic clutch was developed to replace the manual engaging
and disengaging of the clutch. The design replaces the clutch pedal with a
solenoid which is directly controlled by a switch. The force generated by the
solenoid would be similar to the force that the driver exerts when stepping on
the foot pedal. A circuit was designed to control the engaging of the clutch by
electronically performing the calculations for the time of release of the clutch in
actual driving.
Tests were conducted using a model clutch system that the group
designed and assembled. Surplus and second-hand parts were salvaged and a
clutch system was improvised. The system was mounted on two opposing axles,
one axle acts as the engine shaft and the other axle acts as the transmission or
drive shaft. Results show that a 24-V starter solenoid with an input of 24-V and
60 A did not create the necessary force required to disengage the clutch.
However, if an outside force acts to fully disengage the clutch, the solenoid only
needs 12-V to keep it disengaged.
The group concludes that it is feasible to use electromagnets to operate
the clutch even if the built prototype was insufficient to actually disengage the
clutch. The assembled model clutch system was found to be useful as a rough
tool for testing. It can be used to further develop the design, or act as a
teaching aid to demonstrate principles of mechanics and how a car works.

#32
The determination of Optimum Dosage of plant Growth
hormones from coconut water in Pechay cultivation
Paul Andrew de Leon, Lawrence Miranda, Kristoffer Orlina, Joshua Trocino
ABSTRACT
The optimum dosage of plant growth hormones from coconut water
(obtainable in a product called COCOGROE) that is needed to have the maximum
potential growth of pechay plants was obtained. Pechay seeds were soaked in
different strengths of COCOGROE solution, which are 5%, 35%,2%, 1% and 0%
to serve as control, for eight hours or until swelling of seeds. Then each
treatment was planted separately in pots. After 2 weeks, each plot was sprayed
with foliar spray ( a kind of plant fertilizer) plus COCOGROE solution with a
concentration the same as it was soaked. This spray treatment was done 3 more
times on an interval of four days every treatment.
The initial results show an inhibition of growth when COCOGROE was
applied. The same methodology was done but the concentrations were changed
to 100 ppm, 75 ppm, 50 ppm, 25 ppm and 0 ppm to serve as control. The
results of the second experiment show that the 50 ppm to 100 ppm range is the
optimum dosage.
#33
The design and testing of mosquito killing devices
Ruben M de Vela, Robert A Umali
ABSTRACT
Mosquitoes has been one of man’s irritating and dangerous pests. Ways
of getting rid of them are insecticide sprays and several electrical devices. These
have drawbacks though like short-term effect, inefficiency thereof ineffectiveness
and high monetary expense which some households cannot tolerate. Therefore,
a way to combat these weaknesses of present mosquito-killing
devices/paraphernalia was sought. The new designs were based on mosquitoes
being attracted by odor and chemical compounds in the air. Thus a lure was
developed out of moist sawdust based on this assumption. The mosquito-killing
segment of the device was flypaper as it proved to be long-lasting and relatively
inexpensive just like sawdust. The combination of these components resulted in
a line of design which ended with a successful device.

#34
The feasibility of using Oregano essence as a substitute for
oregano leaves in cooking
Jonathan C dela Cruz, Mark Ronald G Lambino, Rolando D Marasigan Jr, Nikki
Erwin C Ramirez, Jayrus Francis S Soliman
ABSTRACT
The feasibility of oregano essence as a substitute for oregano leaves in
cooking was studied. The oregano essence was made by first heating mist
oregano leaves and draining the oil released. The leaves were then crushed and
powdered. Different amounts (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 grams) of the powder were
allocated. The powder was then heated at a temperature of 100°C in a mixture
of 30 ml distilled water and ethylene glycol. The solution produced is now the
oregano essence. Different concentrations were used to cook five different
menudo batches. These were then tested through a sensory evaluation test,
which showed that best concentration is the 0.017g/ml solution. Then another
experiment was done. Three samples (two controls and one experimental) were
tested in the same way. The 0.017g/ml solution emerged as the best.
Results of the Friedmann’s test showed that there was a significant
difference between the 0.017g/ml concentration and the other four samples.
The tests showed a significant difference between the control and the
experimental sample, with the experimental sample showing a more appealing
taste. Therefore, oregano essence can be used as substitute for oregano leaves
in cooking.
#35
Banana Leaves as Organic food Wrapper
Rodrigo V dela Pena, salve Regina I de Leon, Anna Meliza G Togonon, Jaemark S
Tordecilla
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to determine whether banana leaves could be a
feasible organic food wrapper. Cooked rice, which was wrapped in banana
leaves and foil for 6H, 12H, 18H, and 18H, were soaked in a nutrient broth for
thirty (30) minutes. Afterwards, a sample was inoculated onto Petri dishes
containing nutrient agar, and the number of colonies were subsequently
counted. Rice wrapped in banana leaves soaked in heated, salted solution

produced the best result which has the least number of33 colonies. Rice
wrapped in untreated banana leaves had the most number of colonies while rice
wrapped in banana leaves soaked in heated water came in between. The t-test
was conducted to determine if there was a significant difference between the
banana leaves and the foil in terms of the number of colonies produced. Based
on the gathered data, banana leaves are comparable to foil in its preservation
ability.
#36
The feasibility of Tilapia nilotica as a source of fish
myofibrillar protein in the production of edible films
Karen Domingo, Mark Gamis, Ian Collins Lansingan, Alekos Orendain, Cherry
Anne Vergel de Dios
ABSTRACT
Edible films had long been used as coatings in order to extend the shelf
life of certain food products. These films must be composed of two major
components: a high molecular weight film-forming polymer and a plasticizer.
This study aimed to determine if Tilapia nilotica is a good source of myofibrillar
proteins that could serve as the polymer base in the production of an edible film.
A film forming solution was prepared from Tilapia nilotica mince mixed with
distilled water, glycerol or polyethylene glycol 400 (plasticizers), and acetic acid
(used in adjusting the pH). The expected film was not produced after several
attempts.
#37
The utilization of Kuhol (Ampullaria cuprinas) extract in the
Production of Bacterial culture Medium
Adrian Farolan, Darrell Cagalingan, Carlo Pulido, Alexei Grajo, Anthony Lee
ABSTRACT
The feasibility of kuhol extract as a source of nutrients for the cultivation
of bacteria was determined. The meat of fresh snails was taken out of the shells
and boiled. The meat was then crushed into a fine powder. Three treatment
group were prepared: the first treatment contained 0.3% snail extract, 0.5%
peptone and 1.7% agar, the second treatment contained 0.8 snail extract and
1.7% agar and the third treatment was the control. Each treatment consisted of
5 samples of culture media and the spread plate technique was performed to
determine bacterial growth.
Growth was observed in all treatments. The number of colonies in each
sample of culture media was counted. To measure the significance of the

differences between the treatments, the T-test proved that there was no
significant difference between the growth of microorganisms in the kuhol
nutrient agar and the control.
#38
The use of Lignin-based wastewater in concrete production
Victor Joel Francisco, Julius Maravilla, Gari Lenard Santos, Pierre Albert San
Diego, Joachim Serquina
ABSTRACT
Lignin is a complex organic substance that acts as a binding material in
plant parts. Its feasibility as a substitute for a conventional cement admixture,
Conflow NL, in concrete production has already been determined. Formulations
were based on the 1:32 water-cement ratio and on the 1:3 cement-sand ratio,
which conform to the American Society for testing and materials (ASTM)
standards. The sand used underwent standard operating procedures, which
included sieve analysis, bulk specific gravity, and water absorption test. Three
treatments were produced with varying dosages of admixtures (2%, 4%, and
6%). After three days of water curing, each batch was subjected to strength
testing. The test results for two independent variables showed a significant
difference between treated (with admixture) and untreated (control0 batches,
while the ANOVA test showed no significant difference in the strengths of the
treated batches (with Conflow NL or lignin). It was concluded that lignin-based
wastewater as a chemical admixture is a practical substitute for Conflow NL.
#39
The production of Commercial grade silica Gel Desiccant
from Volcanic ash
Diosdado VB Iranon, Bernardo P Salas III
ABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that volcanic ash from Mount Pinatubo has a
high silica content, and is a viable material for making silica gel, a dehumidifier.
This project aims to produce commercial grade silica gel from this readily
available material.

Ash from Conception, Tarlac was obtained. The initial ash sample was
allowed to pass through a #20 sieve to separate the large particles from the
small particles. The ash was processed through a washing table to separate the
particles by weight. Middlings were isolated and process in a magnetic separator
and allowed to dry.
The samples were fused with Na2CO3 in a furnace at 1000°C or I hour.
The fusion of the raw materials resulted in the production of sodium silicate
which appeared to be yellow to green colored glass. The fused samples were
then cooled then acidified in 12M H2SO4 for 18 days. The samples were dried
and the silica gel was removed. The silica gel samples were then tested together
with commercial silica gel using a customized set-up for its adsorption capacity.
The test showed that commercial silica gel had the capacity to adsorb
moisture 28.96% of its own weight while the test samples had adsorption
capacities of 19.42%, 16.39%, 15.65%, and 12.45%. Significant difference exist
between the adsorption capacities of the commercial silica gel and that of the
volcanic ash silica gel. Though the test showed that commercial silica gel was a
better adsorbent, it also showed that silica gel using the ratio of 3 parts volcanic
ash to 1 part sodium carbonate was better than silica gel using a one is to one
ratio.
The tests showed that the produced silica gel from volcanic ash was not
able to meet the adsorption capacities of commercial silica gel.
#40
The design and testing of a mosquito-attracting device for
sampling purposes
Novisd Lagunay, Carlo Elino Mataverde, Michael Philip Omictin, Sherwin Edison
Santiago
ABSTRACT
An experimental study concerning mosquito attraction was conducted to
determine which of the more popular and more effective attractants were
suitable for integration into an efficient mosquito capturing device. Results
showed olfactory attractants, more specially, carbon dioxide (in the form of dry
ice), as likely candidates. A low-cost, light-weight, and highly portable device
was constructed containing a compartment for olfactory attractants and a motoroperated
fan for blowing and trapping mosquitoes into a net bag for collection.
Compared to existing insect traps which employ UV light as a sole attractant, the
utilization of carbon dioxide or other olfactory attractants such as lactic acid
should significantly increase the number of attracted mosquitoes, and could also
eliminate the risk of catching other insects beneficial to man. It should also
sample a much wider range of mosquito species. Since the trap was designed to
catch live specimens, physiological research on mosquitoes and virus assays
would be facilitated. The device underwent limited test and results were

tabulated. It succeeded in catching live, unscathed mosquitoes on each trial, and
experiments showed that using carbon dioxide, as compared to using lactic and
moist sawdust, yielded a comparatively greater catch. The group recommends
further testing to be done on the device.
#41
Tannery waste-containing cement-bonded particle boards
Juan Paolo C Lagunzad, Ma Estrella Angela Jo T Magno, Michaelangelo M
Olivares, Re-an M Pasia, Manchester S Sy
ABSTRACT
Cement-Bonded particle (CBPB) is a recently developed panel product
derived from CBB technology. Results of preliminary investigations indicate the
feasibility of CBPB manufactured with expandable polystyrene. These successes
in composite board manufacture inspired the group to endeavor the development
of its own CBPB from chrome shaving. It is hoped that the development of CBPB
manufacture from chrome shaving will create demand for post-consumer leather
product, reduce demand for traditional construction materials, and reduce the
quantity of solid wastes that contribute to our landfills.
After accumulation of the materials, the components are dried, screened,
and weighed to the desired masses corresponding to the cement, mat-forming,
pressing, curing and conditioning, and finishing. To ensure that the produced
CBPBs are of good quality, the following properties are subjected to various
tests: resistance to bending, nail-holding capacity, thickness swelling and water
absorption, and internal bonding. Generally, the results showed that the board
samples with the highest thickness measurements yielded results which even
exceeded the Philippine standard data for the respective tests by a considerable
percentage. Due to these results, it can be stated that CBPBs can be
manufactured using chrome shavings as component to produce a feasible
substitute to the customary building materials.
#42
The design and implementation of computerized monitoring
system for security purposes

Orlando G Liwag, Almario Q Pangan, Edsel C Uy, Mvincent A Yap
ABSTRACT
This project is an alarm system that shows the current and previous
locations of an intruder inside the premises of an establishment.
The system uses lasers as trigger devices and photoresistors as sensors
that send signals to the computer. A laser and a sensor are placed at the door of
each room, acting as the triggering mechanism of the alarm. When the laser is
tripped by an intruder going in the room, the sensor sends a uniquely coded
signal to the computer. The computer at the guard house knows by the code
what room has been triggered and it highlights that room on the map displayed
on screen. The highlighted room shows the burglar’s position. If the burglar
triggers another alarm in the next room the previous room will be indicated by
another color and the new room will be highlighted and will be blinking.
The system needs at least a 386+ computer, with any version of Microsoft
Windows as an operating system, for implementation. Signals are gathered from
the COM 1 or mouse port and will be processes by a Visual Basic program.
#43
Cytogenetic analysis of blood Lymphocytes of substance
abusers
Gabriel Manasan, Marly Barammeda, Ma Luisa Jalandoni, Myra Angela Lola,
Nicelle Sernadilla
ABSTRACT
This study was performed to determine the relationship between drug addiction
and mutation and/or aberrations on the human chromosomes. Blood samples
were obtained from three subjects (marijuana user, shabu-marijuana user, and
chain smoker, each being constantly dependent on the drug for more than five
years). The blood samples were subjected to standard protocols for
chromosome analysis, consisting of peripheral blood culture, chromosome
preparation, differential staining (GTG), photomicrography, and Karyotyping.
The human chromosomes were analyzed for aberrations (i.e. deletion, reversal)
and mutations. No chromosomal defects and disorders, the chromosome
mutations and aberrations were found independent of drug addiction.
#44
Micrococcus luteus for the bioconversion of stearic acid to
aleic acid
Allan Mandanas, Vanessa Pauig, Patricia Salvador, Charisse Siapno, Melinda
Torre

ABSTRACT
The object of the study is to test the possibility that micrococcus luteus
will convert stearic acid into oleic acid. It also aims to determine the amount of
stearic acid needed to produce a significant quantity of oleic acid.
Twelve flasks, each containing 50% inoculum, were divided into four
treatments of three replicates each. The first treatment, which received no
stearic acid, served as the control group. The second, third, a and fourth
treatments received 5, 10, and 15 grams of stearic acid respectively. The
samples were incubated by agitation for 4 days at the natural sciences research
Institute Laboratory. The undissolved particles, mostly stearic acid, were then
filtered out from each flask. The filtrates were then subjected to centrifugation.
The resulting supernatants were separated then analyzed in the gas
chromatograph at the D&L Industries Chemical plant.
Based on the gas chromatograph results, no oleic acid was produced by
the microorganisms. It is recommended, therefore, that the inoculum be
increase, as well as the duration of incubation. It is also advisable to
concentrate the sample methyl ester in the rotary evaporator before GLC
analysis.
#45
Kidney Beans as a Substitute for soybeans in soy sauce
production
Ava Fhay Mercado, Diane May Perez, Jeffrey Obillo, Kristoffer Eduard Rada,
Amado Daniel Villavicencio
ABSTRACT
The use of kidney beans as a substitute for soy beans in soy sauce
production was studied. Kidney beans were inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae
mold and Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and were allowed to ferment for 3 months.
The fermented kidney bean mash was then harvested. A sensory evaluation test
was conducted. The results of this test was collated through Friedmann’s test
and the results show that kidney beans can indeed be a substitute in soy sauce
production.
#46
A Microbiological Description of the PSHS Creek
Patrick Albert N Miguel – Research Adviser
ABSTRACT

Water pollution is fast becoming a major global concern in view of the
increasing need for readily available sources of fresh water. One kind of water
pollution involves the contamination of bodies of water with microscopic
organisms like coliform bacteria, especially pathogens, or disease-causing
microbes. This research project aims to determine if parts of the PSHS creek are
contaminated with coliform bacteria.
Hopefully, the findings of this project will increase student awareness regarding
the microbiological condition of the PSHS creek as well as the possibility of the
creek becoming hazardous area. Such awareness could lead to the rehabilitation
of the PSHS creek.
Water samples taken from creek were fermented in lactose broth and
then in Brilliant Green Bile (BGB) broth following the methodology for testing
waters for the presence of coliform bacteria.
Results show that the entire PSHS creek is contaminated with coliform
bacteria. This suggests that it is highly probable (although not proven in this
project) that the creek is also contaminated with pathogenic organisms.
#47
The design and testing of an improved cathode ray tube
radiation filter
Emmanuel Ontong
ABSTRACT
The project aims to improve a cathode ray tube radiation filter and to
demonstrate that the use of radiation filters in cathode ray tubes greatly reduces
the amount of radiation a computer emits. This is danger to which users are
consistently exposed.
The filter was based on a commercially available glass filter. A mirror film
treated against ultraviolet radiation was added to the glass filter. A glassbending
furnace made it possible for the filter to have a convex configuration-the
better to diffuse radiation.
First the group generated information about the number of hours that
seven groups of people spent on the computer, performing various tasks. These
were typesetters, RPG players, Internet surfers, students, workers, writers and
technicians. These groups were asked to test the experimental filter, both
treatment 1 and 2, and the computer without the filter. These groups were
instructed to log in the number of hours they spent on the computer, providing
that any stoppage, no matter how brief, to rest their eyes, is to be considered as
the end of their computer time.

#48
The design and testing of a charcoal oven
Vivien I Pendel, Cristamarie D Tabilas, Ronald Eric D Tamondong, Vina Vivien G
Vargas
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to come up with a prototype of a charcoal oven
that will reach a temperature of 300°C and that would be of great use to rural
areas especially in those areas that are hardly reached by electricity. Charcoal is
also more inexpensive than gas.
The prototype consists of the oven body and the burner which are made
up of galvanized iron. The body consists of three (3) casing, a 500°Ctemperature,
heat-resistant glass, food racks and a chimney. Fiberglass was
used for insulation and was placed in between the outer and middle casings.
The concept of convection was applied in the air space provided between the
middle and inner casings. The burner is made up of two (2) cylinders that hold
the grate, and a black latex-painted coil that absorbs hat for later release in the
convection cycle. An ash pan was installed for easy ash disposal and for the air
inlet control. The burner was patterned, with permission, after the QB stove
developed by Mr Edilmiro Quibilan.
For the entire research year, three (3) prototypes have been constructed
and tested. Among the three, the latest and final prototype proved to be the
most efficient. The maximum heat attained by the prototype was 250°C using
150g and 200g. Salted bread (pandesal) was also baked successfully using 150 g
of Charcoal.
The prototype was able to maximize heat combustion through proper
ventilation and was able to minimize the loss of heat through proper insulation.
It was showed that it took the oven 3 minutes to reach 100°C after the fuel
grate had reached that temperature. This means that the charcoal oven had
efficiency of 40% in terms of the heat transfer from the charcoal to the food
inside the oven.
#49
The use of Pumice and silica fume in producing high-strength
Lightweight wall panels
Marc Reuben Roperes, Marienella Marco, Armi Katrina Santos, Alison Pauline
Taduran, Cristina Tanseco
ABSTRACT
PUMICE, a cheap, lightweight igneous rock, abundant because of the country’s
volcanic geography, is proven an effective aggregate for lightweight concrete.

The study aimed to produce high strength wall panels from lightweight concrete.
SILICA FUME, a confirmed effective admixture, was used for greater strength
and consistency for the wall panels. Pumice underwent sieve analysis, specific
gravity test, and water absorption test before it was mixed with silica fume.
Cement, and water under calculated proportions. The resulting wall panels
passed through the slump test, then it was molded, water cured, air dried, and
sulfur capped. The panels then underwent the strength test. Results showed
that silica fume gave sufficient strength to the wall panels when combined in
adequate proportions.
#50
TeleMed: the Mechanization and control of a Microscope for
remote conferencing
Christian paolo O Sanchez, ernest Anthony A Baello III, Patrick Andrew C
Estorninos, Lorenzo Fernando M Lorilla
ABSTRACT
TeleMed is a system that aims to control a microscope from a computer,
for use in pathology and other fields of medicine. To achieve this system, a
trinocular microscope was acquired and stepper motors were connected to its
knobs using motor belts. Software was created to run these motors through a
specially designed interface board. Based on the signals sent by the software,
the corresponding motors were made to operate the knobs of the microscope,
thereby enabling the user to move the stage (x and y movement), adjust the
focus and change the objective, all through mouse and keyboard control.
Another program was also created and installed in a remote computer. This
software enables off-site control of the microscope by sending signals through a
computer network. Both pieces of software were designed to run under the
Windows 95 environment. They exhibit user-friendly visual controls and online
help documentation to guide the user through the program.
This project acts as a stepping stone towards better telemedicine
programs resulting in better remote diagnosis.
#51
The design and Fabrication of a car exhaust filter using Luffa
Fiber
Michael Vincent Yazon, Jose Emmanuel Bunao, Karl Mark Ferrer, frnaklin
Guevarra, Regidor Ponferrada
ABSTRACT

The aim of the research project is to produce a viable car filter which uses
an easy-to-grow fiber from the common “patola” plant. This fiber is called Luffa
from the scientific name Luffa acutangula. The fiber is to be used to reduce the
particulate matter composition of diesel engine car smoke. The result is a filter
which is both economical but effective reducing the percentage of the particulate
matter composition of diesel smoke. Also the filter will not, in any way, reduce
the power output of the vehicle. Power reduction is indicated by RPM reduction
when the filter is attached. Comparisons which produce no significant difference
indicates no significant power reduction.
The luffa fiber was put through numerous tests such as the heat test
which proved that the luffa fibers can withstand up to 350°C without burning a
significant amount of fiber. The fiber was placed in an oven at 350°C for one
hour after which a control sample was compared with the tested fiber and
showed test using a slightly higher temperature was proper to test for extended
heat resistance and durability.
#52
Class Scheduler
Noel B Antonio, Michealangelo Olivares, Re-an Pasia
ABSTRACT
Scheduling of classes is done manually in most schools. Attempts in
computerizing this task were not successful due to different specification and
preferences in each school. The Philippine Science High School has then relied
on the computer Science Technology unit for a system for scheduling classes.
Our goal was to make a program that will schedule classes scheduler will enable
the user to schedule classes by entering the data needed and the computer will
specify if any violation of the school’s references has been made. The group
hope to make class scheduling an easy and enjoyable task.
#53
Estates
Vergil John Ascabano, Diogenes Geebee Agcaoili, Jonas Gonzales, Anthony Lee
ABSTRACT
The conventional real estates dealer is often equipped with maps,
illustrations, and brochures to aid in selling real estate. All those burdensome
ads can be replaced by a computer. All the real estate information can be placed
inside a computer and be managed and organized by a system specifically built
for real estate dealers. The system can also be linked to the internet to allow
communication and transaction to occur between the buyer and the dealer, and
to save transportation costs. The group’s aim is to create a system that will be

able to do everything mentioned above and thus, making the jobs of real estate
dealers easier. The group was able to create a system that manages and stores
real estate information. However, the system created still lacked some features
like the graphics for the maps and communication through the internet. The
software also lacked some of the important menus like Help, About, View, and
the Pull-down menus. The group recommends further modifications and
improvements on the system to be able to maximize the capabilities of the
computer for the use in dealing real estates.
#54
Storm Seeker
John Paul Emmanuel Franco Bayhon, Juan Paolo Dela Cruz Lagunzad, Manchester Sia Sy
ABSTRACT
The storm seeker was inspired by the extraordinary weather maps
presented on weather news forecasts in various news and current affairs
programs in the television. This software shows the different weather conditions
that a weather forecaster inputs into the program. The project displays the
weather conditions of major towns and cities on the Philippine Map. It features
graphics to depict particular weather conditions in corresponding cities and
provinces. Temperature in major cities and provinces of the country may also be
inputted by the user into the program. Weather disturbances approaching the
country may also be displayed by the software. Generally, the software’s basic
parts are the pop-up menus, the “data sheet” where the user is to input the data
to be displayed on the map, the database file where the data inputted by the
user is store, and the map which is the end result of all the data manipulation
done by the user.
#55
Herbert Industrial Laboratory System
Liezl T Domingo, Joana Marie N Segundo, Catherine L Uy
ABSTRACT
Herbert Industrial Laboratory is one of the nationwide dealers of copper
bronze bushings. Founded in 1972, it has its main branch in Binondo, manila
and continues to gain more customers as the years pass by. With the demands
of its customers growing continually up, the task of record-keeping and keeping
up with purchases and delivery schedules became a hard task. The purpose of
this project is to create a program that would facilitate file handling for HIL. It
would easily update the files and assists in the purchase and delivery jobs of the
company. Using Clipper 5.3 as the programming software, the result is a

program that completely accomplishes the objectives mentioned. HIL system is
user friendly and meets the requirements of HIL employees. It makes recordkeeping
faster and easier and proves to be useful in handling purchase and
delivery schedules.
#56
The English- Filipino Sentence Translator
Victor Francisco, Gabriel Manasan, Glenn Santos
ABSTRACT
English is the most widespread and widely used language in the world. It
is the main medium of data transfer for business, politics, communications, news
and computers.
Especially computers. With this onset, more and more people are
converting or adding to their own vocabulary the English language. Human
translators are too faulty and may cause confusion instead of understanding. A
program that does this work would be most helpful and efficient for the task.
Our aims are to:
Formulate a basic language translation algorithm for the bilingual Filipino-
English English Culture
Define a basic database that encompasses such languages.
Produce a working cornerstone translating program out of these
We find that language translation is much needed in our culture and that
it is also the most familiar and basic for our understanding.
Since this is a starting project, w are setting limitations within it for easier
logic understanding. We shall only use, at most, three word sentences and
only statements can be translated correctly (questions and commands are not
included). The data base is also limited to the most commonly used words.
Words with more than one meaning are either not included or use the more
common definition. Other limitations are included in the following pages.
#57
Dental Patients’ file management system
Vanessa T Pauig, Melinda A Torre, Allan A Mandanas, Patrick Albert N Miguel
ABSTRACT
The object of the Dental Patients’ File Management System is to store and
organize patient files and contact records, which are readily accessible, and
printable. The project is also aimed at developing and electronic diary that is
similar to an organizer.

The DPFMS minimizes problems concerning storage space. There is no
need for space-eating file cabinets. It also prevents difficulties regarding lost
records, and therefore, cuts short time spent searching for them. Compared to
the filing cabinet method, the DPFMS is a thousand and one times more efficient.
The completed application is quite a success, containing most of the
planned features, like patient file storage and manipulation. However, other
planned features like treatment records and money management applications
have not been developed.
#58
Teacher Evaluation system
Patricia Salvador, Charisse Siapno, Rafael Jover
ABSTRACT
The evaluation of teachers in PSHS cannot cope with the constant
retrieval and storage of files. This project was created to assist in storing the
evaluation results of the teachers; the software also assists in the visualization
of the teachers’ performance through a certain interface.
The teacher Evaluation System was formulated using Clipper as the
programming language. The program involves the utilization of a database
where the evaluations of the teachers are stored, and from which a table or a
bar graph can be displayed showing results for particular years. The system
features a display of some information about the teachers – birth date, university
attended, course pursued, etc.- which is stored in another database.
#59
DEWEY: A library Card Catalogue System
Pierre Albert San Diego, Marly B Barrameda, Myra Angela Lola
ABSTRACT
This project aims to provide a new way of searching books and updating
the list of books available in a library. It is divided into two modes: the student
mode and the librarian mode. The student Mode enables the user to search for
a book using one of these three categories: title, author, and subject. After the
computer’s search for the desired book, ample information about the book would
be displayed. The librarian mode on the other hand, would be password

secured. Deleting, adding, and editing of card catalogue of each book would be
possible once access is established.
The project is able to realize its objective – which is to provide a more
efficient alternative to the drawer card catalogue.
#60
Pilot Browser: Philippine Science High School Library System
Joachim P serquina, Adrian Farolan, Alexei Grajo
ABSTRACT
The PSHS library system, the Pilot browser, is a computerized
library cataloguing system. It enables the librarian catalogue and organize all
library resources and their locations under a general database for easy inventory
control. It also helps library users, especially students, to locate particular library
media faster than manual library exploration.