Principles of Technology - Final Exam Review

Principles of Technology - Final Exam Review
Answer Section
SHORT ANSWER
1. heat mover
2. to change electrical energy to mechanical energy
3. Bernoulli’s
4. electromagnetic induction
5. heat engine
6. generator
7. rubber band, spring, golf ball, bow
8. refrigerator, air conditioner
9. watts
10. KE = 1/2 m x v 2
11. Bernoulli’s principle
12. GPE = m × 9.8 m/s 2 × h
13. electrical power
14. C
15. D
16. law of conservation of energy
17. P = I x V
18. 746 W
19. P = F x d
t
= 160 N x 1 m
0.5 s
= 320 W
20. F = F x d
t
= 700 N x 6 m
6 s
= 700 W
21. I = P/V
= 100 W/110 V
= 0.909 A (0.91 A)
22. GPE = m x 9.8 m/s 2 x h
= 4.0 kg x 9.8 m/s 2 x 3.0 m
= 117.6 J

23. KE = 1/2m x v 2
=1/2(20kg) x (2 m/s) 2
= 40 J
24. I = P/V
= 1800 W/210 V
= 8.57 A
25. It is determined by the density of the medium at the compressions.
26. It is destructive; troughs of one wave meet crests of the other wave.
27. hertz
28. A medium is the material through which a mechanical wave travels.
29. transverse
30. longitudinal
31. decibels
32. a longitudinal wave
33. In wave B, one wavelength equals the distance between neighboring crests.
34. transverse
35. standing wave
36. nodes, four
37. compression
38. B, A ,C
39. velocity = frequency × wavelength
40. V = f x λ = 10 m × 20 Hz = 200 m/s
41. f = V/λ
= 13.2 m/s/0.03 m
= 440 Hz
42. V = f x λ
= 2.0 Hz × 10 m
= 20 m/s
43. λ = V/f
= 5 m/s/2.5 Hz
= 2 m
44. f = V/λ
= 10.5 m/s/0.15 m
= 70 Hz
45. The angle at which light strikes a surface is the same as the angle at which it is reflected.
46. reflected ray
47. angle of incidence
48. incident ray
49. angle C

50. A bundle or packet of light energy.
51. total internal reflection
52. convex
53. concave
54. diffuse
55. regular
56. convex lens
57. concave lens
58. Nuclear fusion is a process that fuses two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.
59. nuclear fission—splitting a nucleus into two smaller nuclei; nuclear fusion—uniting two nuclei to
form a larger nucleus
60. alpha - two protons and two neutrons, beta - high-speed electron (positron) emitted from the
nucleus, gamma - high energy electromagnetic radiation
61. nuclear fusion
62. An isotope of an element has atoms with the same number of protons (the number of protons is
what identifies the element), but a different number of neutrons.
63. a chain reaction
64. 50°
65. iron, nickel, cobalt
66. atoms in magnetic materials that have their north and south poles aligned
67. areas of a magnet where the magnetic force is strongest
68. unlike poles
69. the area around a charged object where the electric force can affect other objects
70. It decreases the voltage.
71. step-down transformer
72. 12 V
73. accumulation of excess electric charges on an object
74. charging by contact and charging by induction
75. a large discharge of static electricity
76. They hang straight down.
77. The leaves repel each other.
78. 2nd class
79. 7
80. 3
81. A - movelable pulley B - block and tackle C - fixed pulley
82. Fossil fuels are nonrenewable and will become depleted.
83. Devices that produce electricity from solar energy
84. Energy from falling water
85. Hot magma

86. tidal energy