WTPD Conservation Assessment - Endangered Species & Wetlands ...

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RECOMMENDED CITATION Seglund, A.E., A.E. Ernst, M. Grenier, B. Luce, A. Puchniak and P. Schnurr. 2004. White-tailed Prairie Dog <strong>Conservation</strong> <strong>Assessment</strong>. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We received significant input from a number of sources or their publications. We especially wish to acknowledge the following people and organizations: Dean Biggins, U.S. Geological Survey; Brent Bibles, Utah State University Extension in Vernal, Utah; Bart Zwetzig, Ed Hollowed, Steve Madsen, Robin Sell, Dave Roberts, Mike Albee and Jay Parks, U.S. Bureau of Land Management; Erin Robertson, Center for Native Ecosystems; Lonnie Renner, contractor for the Colorado Division of Wildlife; Larry Nelson, Colorado Division of Wildlife; Heidi Youmans, Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Brian Maxfield and Craig McLaughlin, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources; Bob Oakleaf, Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Craig Knowles, Fauna West Consulting; Bob Leachman, Laura Romin, Renee Chi, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; and Sterling Miller, National Wildlife Federation. 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS RECOMMENDED CITATION .............................................................................................................2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................................................2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................3 LIST OF TABLES...............................................................................................................................6 LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................9 WHITE-TAILED PRAIRIE-DOG CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT.....................................................12 Introduction..................................................................................................................................12 WHITE-TAILED PRAIRIE DOG........................................................................................................14 Taxonomy .....................................................................................................................................14 Description....................................................................................................................................15 Distribution...................................................................................................................................16 Natural History ............................................................................................................................16 Habitat requirements..............................................................................................................16 Dietary requirements..............................................................................................................18 Population dynamics..............................................................................................................20 Ecology and behavior ............................................................................................................21 EVALUATION OF WHITE-TAILED PRAIRIE-DOG POPULATION STATUS BY STATE ......................23 Methods.........................................................................................................................................24 Population analysis ................................................................................................................24 Changes in occupied habitat ..................................................................................................26 Predicted range model............................................................................................................27 Colorado........................................................................................................................................30 Historic information...............................................................................................................30 Monitoring efforts..................................................................................................................31 Population analysis ................................................................................................................33 Changes in occupied habitat ..................................................................................................34 Current occupancy .................................................................................................................36 Predicted range model............................................................................................................36 Limiting factors......................................................................................................................37 Montana........................................................................................................................................38 Changes in occupied habitat ..................................................................................................38 Predicted range model............................................................................................................40 Limiting factors......................................................................................................................40 Utah ...............................................................................................................................................40 Monitoring efforts..................................................................................................................40 Population analysis ................................................................................................................41 Changes in occupied habitat ..................................................................................................43 Current occupancy .................................................................................................................45 Predicted range model............................................................................................................46 Limiting factors......................................................................................................................46 Wyoming (authored by Martin Grenier and Bob Luce)................................................................47 Monitoring efforts..................................................................................................................48 3
Page 1: WHITE-TAILED PRAIRIE DOG CONSERVATI
Page 5 and 6: Predation .........................
Page 7 and 8: Table 19. Landownership within the
Page 9 and 10: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On 11 July 2002,
Page 11 and 12: ecovery sites is unknown. It may be
Page 13 and 14: Guardians 2004). Both the white-tai
Page 15 and 16: Utah and Gunnison’s prairie dogs
Page 17 and 18: precipitation ranges from 18 to 30
Page 19 and 20: diet was similar to that of the whi
Page 21 and 22: Ecology and Behavior White-tailed p
Page 23 and 24: Clark (1977) found that young of th
Page 25 and 26: material detected within 0.5 m of a
Page 27 and 28: To assess the changes in occupied h
Page 29 and 30: characteristics that were removed f
Page 31 and 32: The approximate range of the white-
Page 33 and 34: esponse to prospective coal leasing
Page 35 and 36: Mapping of the Colorado section of
Page 37 and 38: located in urban areas (Tables 6 an
Page 39 and 40: Currently the BLM, Montana Natural
Page 41 and 42: white-tailed prairie dog occupied h
Page 43 and 44: Changes in Occupied Habitat Mapping
Page 45 and 46: the complex) were evaluated. Only 1
Page 47 and 48: survival and subsequent reproductio
Page 49 and 50: and Anderson 1991). A standard mapp
Page 51 and 52: within colonies mapped in 2004 indi
Page 53 and 54:
Wyoming (Biggins 2003c) cannot be c
Page 55 and 56:
terminated. In general, results fro
Page 57 and 58:
(Highway 212) crosses the Wyoming S
Page 59 and 60:
1) PRESENT OR THREATENED DESTRUCTIO
Page 61 and 62:
Coalbed methane wells are a relativ
Page 63 and 64:
field offices are currently revisin
Page 65 and 66:
Alteration of plant species composi
Page 67 and 68:
more than 25% (USDI-BLM 1990) and c
Page 69 and 70:
3. Where appropriate, incorporate t
Page 71 and 72:
• Stockrahm and Seabloom (1988) c
Page 73 and 74:
The effect of shooting on the long-
Page 75 and 76:
in addition to abundant flea vector
Page 77 and 78:
they have been found to survive pla
Page 79 and 80:
Colorado, with a large percentage o
Page 81 and 82:
1915, and by 1919, cooperative pois
Page 83 and 84:
dog. Long-term impacts to white-tai
Page 85 and 86:
Urbanization This impact does not r
Page 87 and 88:
dogs within colonies. Populations a
Page 89 and 90:
The threat posed by plague could al
Page 91 and 92:
_______ 1993. A review of plague an
Page 93 and 94:
Cedar Creek Associates, Inc. 1986.
Page 95 and 96:
Crumpacker, D.W. 1984. Regional rip
Page 97 and 98:
Grant, J.H. IV. 1995. Dispersal, ac
Page 99 and 100:
Knowles, C.J. 1982. Habitat affinit
Page 101 and 102:
_______ and S.H. Anderson. 1989. Te
Page 103 and 104:
_______, A.K. Brody and C. Gilbert.
Page 105 and 106:
Ubico, S.R., G.O. Maupin, K.A. Fage
Page 107 and 108:
Wolf Creek Work Group. 2001. A coop
Page 109 and 110:
Table 1. Estimate of white-tailed p
Page 111 and 112:
Table 3. White-tailed prairie dog p
Page 113 and 114:
Table 5. White-tailed prairie dog p
Page 115 and 116:
Table 7. Urban areas located within
Page 117 and 118:
Table 9. White-tailed prairie dog c
Page 119 and 120:
Table 11. White-tailed prairie dog
Page 121 and 122:
Table 13. Comparison of mapped whit
Page 123 and 124:
Table 15. Annual drilling results f
Page 125 and 126:
Table 17. White-tailed prairie dog
Page 127 and 128:
Table 19. Landownership within the
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 1. White-tailed prairie dog
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Figure 9. Study areas in Utah where
Page 139 and 140:
Figure 11. Study areas in Utah wher
Page 141 and 142:
Figure 13. Distribution of township
Page 143 and 144:
Figure 15. Comparison of white-tail
Page 145 and 146:
Figure 17. Comparison of 1991 and 2
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Good Black-footed Ferret Habitat -
Page 151 and 152:
Appendix II. Summary of Biggins et
Page 153 and 154:
Appendix III. Letter from Wyoming B
Page 155 and 156:
Appendix IV. Letter from Colorado B
Page 157:
Appendix V. Letter from Montana BLM
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