The Scarcity Trap: material bottlenecks The Scarcity Trap: material ...

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Changing material mix • Scale of infrastructure means that change in demand can be a step-change g • Multiples, not fractions • eg e.g. low CO 2 concrete: move to 50% stainless steel rebar would double EU Cr imports; move to 10% Ti-based cathodic protection p could x10 EU Ti imports. p • Previously abundant materials may y become critical http://www.cathodic.co.uk/information/19/14/Elgard_General_Information.htm 4
Cr Cr: : India, Kaz’stan Kaz’stan, , Iran Cr Cr: : SA, Zimbabwe Nd Nd: : China (97%) • Vulnerability Vulnerability: EU/UK are often 100% importers • Passive/reactive price & supply volatility: Geopolitical issues Map source: http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/tajani/hot-topics/raw-materials/index_en.htm 5
Page 1 and 2: School SRI and of iRI something FAC
Page 3: Changing material mix • Embedding
Page 7 and 8: How do we assure supply? • Strate
Page 9 and 10: S&F Limitations • One substance a
Page 11 and 12: 2The 2The Project: Methodology 11
Page 13 and 14: 2Scoring 2Scoring criteria • Data
Page 15 and 16: Model Structure Infrastructure Tech
Page 17 and 18: Model Structure: dynamic S&F Infras
Page 19 and 20: Scenario input: wind power Scenario
Page 21 and 22: Results - Nd demand (
Page 23 and 24: Scenario input - electric vehicles
Page 25 and 26: Results - Pt potential recyclate Lo

The Scarcity Trap: material bottlenecks The Scarcity Trap: material ...

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