Research Highlights in The Land Environment and Atmospheric ...
Research Highlights in The Land Environment and Atmospheric ...
Research Highlights in The Land Environment and Atmospheric ...
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<strong>Research</strong> <strong>Highlights</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>The</strong> <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong><br />
<strong>Environment</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Atmospheric</strong><br />
Dynamics (LEAD) Group<br />
1 faculty (Liang Yang)<br />
1 <strong>Research</strong> scientist<br />
2 Postdocs<br />
4 PhD students<br />
http://www.geo.utexas.edu<br />
http:// www.geo.utexas.edu/climate /climate<br />
Prepared for the UCAR PACUR Meet<strong>in</strong>g, 15 April, 2008
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
Biogeophysics<br />
Hydrology<br />
Niu & Yang, 2003, 2006<br />
Yang et al., 1997, 1999<br />
A Tale of Two Models:<br />
Community <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Model<br />
Niu, Yang, et al., 2005<br />
Niu, Yang, et al., 2007<br />
Yang & Niu, 2003<br />
Biogeochemistry<br />
Ecosystem<br />
Dynamics<br />
Collaborators: NCAR (Gordon Bonan, Keith Oleson, Dave Lawrence)
A Tale of Two Models: <strong>The</strong> Noah LSM<br />
Collaborators: NCAR (Fei Chen, Dave Gochis); NCEP (Ken Mitchell); CRWR (David<br />
Maidment)<br />
1-D D ‘Noah Noah’ Community<br />
<strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<br />
Dynamical Rout<strong>in</strong>g Methodologies<br />
Explicit saturated<br />
subsurface flow<br />
Explicit diffusive wave overl<strong>and</strong> flow<br />
Groundwater discharge,<br />
reservoir rout<strong>in</strong>g &<br />
Explicit channel rout<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• fully distributed flow/head<br />
• reservoir levels<br />
• distributed soil moisture<br />
• distributed l<strong>and</strong>/atmo fluxes<br />
• distributed snow depth/SWE
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
Precipitation Variability Drives Year-to Year to-year year Changes <strong>in</strong><br />
Leaf Biomass <strong>and</strong> Biogenic Emissions (movie)<br />
Leaf area <strong>in</strong>dex <strong>in</strong> Texas Biogenic emissions <strong>in</strong> Texas<br />
Gulden, L. E., Z.-L. Yang <strong>and</strong> G.-N. Niu, 2007, J. Geophys. Res., 112<br />
(D14), D14103, 10.1029/2006JD008231. Gulden, L.E. <strong>and</strong> Z.-L.<br />
Yang, 2006, <strong>Atmospheric</strong> <strong>Environment</strong>, 40(8), 1464-1479.
Model<strong>in</strong>g Air Quality <strong>in</strong> Texas<br />
BEIS3<br />
(4‐km)<br />
Anthropogenic<br />
emissions<br />
(4‐km)<br />
CCSM output<br />
(T85 ~ 1.41 ̊)<br />
WRF-CHEM with<br />
Urban Canopy Model<br />
(4-km)<br />
WRF<br />
(12‐km)<br />
2000 MODIS l<strong>and</strong><br />
cover +NLCD l<strong>and</strong> use<br />
(30” ~ 1‐km)<br />
Future l<strong>and</strong> use<br />
(300‐m)<br />
Collaborators: NCAR (Christ<strong>in</strong>e Wied<strong>in</strong>myer, Fei Chen, Alex Guenther), CEER (Dave Allen)
Ozone<br />
WRF-CHEM WRF CHEM Simulated <strong>and</strong> Observed<br />
August Mean Diurnal Cycle <strong>in</strong> Houston<br />
(2001–2003)<br />
(2001 2003)<br />
Simulated<br />
Observed<br />
2-m Air Temperature<br />
Simulated<br />
Observed<br />
Jiang, X.-Y., C. Wied<strong>in</strong>myer, Fei Chen, Z.-L. Yang, <strong>and</strong> J.C.F. Lo, 2007, JGR<br />
(<strong>in</strong> review).
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
From a NEXRAD Map to a Floodpla<strong>in</strong> Map<br />
Component 1: Import<strong>in</strong>g NEXRAD data <strong>in</strong>to<br />
Geodatabase <strong>and</strong> Mapp<strong>in</strong>g to Watersheds<br />
NEXRAD Data<br />
Component 1<br />
Source:<br />
O. Robayo, CRWR<br />
NEXRAD Ra<strong>in</strong>fall<br />
Component 2<br />
Watersheds<br />
Component 2: Geodatabase to HEC-DSS to Geodatabase<br />
Time Series <strong>in</strong> Geodatabase<br />
Component 3: Hydrologic & Hydraulic Integration based on<br />
common geographic framework<br />
Component 3<br />
Component 2<br />
Time Series <strong>in</strong> HEC-DSS<br />
HEC Data Storage System for Time Series<br />
Hydrologic Model Hydraulic Model<br />
Geographic Integration<br />
Component 2<br />
Component 4: Floodmapp<strong>in</strong>g from HEC-RAS GIS SDF File<br />
Component 4<br />
DEM XS with WS Elevations WS Raster Flood Polygon<br />
ArcGIS: Relational database for<br />
geospatial datasets<br />
Hydrologic Eng<strong>in</strong>eer<strong>in</strong>g Center<br />
(HEC) models:<br />
FEMA accreditation for flood<br />
model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
widely used both <strong>in</strong> research<br />
<strong>and</strong> operations<br />
ability to utilize gridded<br />
precipitation<br />
GIS compatible<br />
Hydrologic Model<strong>in</strong>g System<br />
(HEC-HMS)<br />
Surface water model used for<br />
calculat<strong>in</strong>g volume of flow with<br />
time.<br />
River Analysis System<br />
(HEC-RAS)<br />
Describes flow movement<br />
through river channels to the<br />
outlet.<br />
One-dimensional flow equations<br />
Knebl, Yang et al. 2005<br />
Knebl <strong>and</strong> Yang, 2008<br />
FLOODPLAIN MAP
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics <strong>and</strong> Petascale<br />
Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
CONUS, High-resolution (30m – 1km) coupled atmospheric, hydrologic,<br />
<strong>and</strong> hydraulic model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> data assimilation system<br />
• How much fresh water is<br />
available?<br />
• How fast does it move?<br />
• What is its sensitivity to<br />
future climate change<br />
<strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> use/l<strong>and</strong><br />
cover change?<br />
• Can we reliably monitor<br />
floods <strong>and</strong> droughts?<br />
Texas<br />
Advanced<br />
Computer<br />
Center<br />
Yang, Maidment, Gochis, et al.
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
Dynamical Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Methodologies<br />
• Cont<strong>in</strong>uous <strong>in</strong>tegration (Climate prediction mode)<br />
o One s<strong>in</strong>gle <strong>in</strong>itialization of large scale fields <strong>and</strong> frequent<br />
updates of LBCs from GCMs<br />
• Re-<strong>in</strong>itialization Re <strong>in</strong>itialization <strong>in</strong>tegrations (Weather forecast<br />
mode)<br />
o Subdivid<strong>in</strong>g the long-term long term cont<strong>in</strong>uous <strong>in</strong>tegration <strong>in</strong>to<br />
short ones. Each re-<strong>in</strong>itialization re <strong>in</strong>itialization is a cont<strong>in</strong>uous<br />
<strong>in</strong>tegration plus sp<strong>in</strong>up considerations<br />
• Nudg<strong>in</strong>g (Diagnostic study mode)<br />
o Use nudg<strong>in</strong>g or relaxation of large-scale large scale atmospheric<br />
circulations with<strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>terior of the computational<br />
doma<strong>in</strong> of the RCM
Correlation between time series of 24-h-accumulated precipitation<br />
WRFS<br />
WRFS-FDDA-ALL<br />
WRFS-FDDA-NOPBL<br />
Lo et al. (2008) JGR<br />
Realistic precip is a must for water resources applications.<br />
WRFS-FDDA-NOPBL-SLAB
Improv<strong>in</strong>g Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Through A Coupled Groundwater-<br />
Groundwater<br />
Vegetation-Atmosphere Vegetation Atmosphere System<br />
Niu, G.-Y., Z.-L. Yang, R.E. Dick<strong>in</strong>son, L.E. Gulden, <strong>and</strong> H. Su, 2007, JGR<br />
Jiang, X.Y., G.Y. Niu, <strong>and</strong> Z.-L. Yang, 2008: JGR
WRF Simulated & Observed Monthly <strong>and</strong> Seasonal<br />
Mean Precipitation <strong>in</strong> Central Great Pla<strong>in</strong>s<br />
3<br />
2.5<br />
2<br />
1.5<br />
1<br />
0.5<br />
0<br />
Monthly precipitation (mm/day)<br />
JJA June July August<br />
Obs Default DV DVGW Jiang et al. (2008)
<strong>Research</strong> Interests<br />
• <strong>L<strong>and</strong></strong> Surface Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Model Development: A Tale of Two Models<br />
Satellite Data Assimilation<br />
Parameter Estimation <strong>and</strong> Robustness Evaluation<br />
• Biogenic Emissions <strong>and</strong> Air Quality<br />
Emission Capacities <strong>in</strong> LSMs<br />
Interactive Canopy <strong>and</strong> Interannual Variability<br />
Secondary Organic Aerosols<br />
• Flood Model<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> Coastal <strong>Environment</strong><br />
Cont<strong>in</strong>ental Water Dynamics<br />
Petascale Comput<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Regional Climate Model<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Dynamic Downscal<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Seasonal Precipitation Prediction<br />
Biosphere-Atmosphere Biosphere Atmosphere Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Through Biogenic Pathways
Climate Change <strong>and</strong> Variability<br />
In Situ Data<br />
An Integrated Model of Models<br />
Coupled<br />
Ocean-Atmosphere<br />
Models<br />
For Regional Decision Mak<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Mesoscale<br />
Models<br />
I g<br />
P<br />
Δ S s<br />
Δ S g<br />
Water Resources<br />
Applications<br />
Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere<br />
Transfer<br />
Water Quality<br />
<strong>and</strong> Quantity<br />
E<br />
Q s<br />
Q g<br />
Remote Sens<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong><br />
GIS<br />
Air Quality<br />
Air Quality Models<br />
Hydrologic/Rout<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Models<br />
Policy
Thank you!<br />
L<strong>in</strong>dsey Gulden<br />
Xiaoyan Jiang<br />
Dr. Guo-Yue Niu<br />
Enrique Rosero<br />
Hua Su<br />
Dr. Jessica Rasmussen<br />
Dr. Yongsheng Xu<br />
Am<strong>and</strong>a Hollock, Marla Knebl, Qianru Zeng, Dr. Jeff Lo<br />
Profs. Dave Allen, Jay Banner, Bob Dick<strong>in</strong>son, David Maidment, Roger Pielke<br />
Sr., Bridget Scanlon, Clark Wilson<br />
Drs. Gordon Bonan, Fei Chen, Alex Guenther, Dave Gochis, Dave Lawrence,<br />
Ken Mitchell, Keith Oleson, Roy Rasmussen, Christ<strong>in</strong>e Wied<strong>in</strong>myer<br />
OGC<br />
TACC<br />
EPA<br />
DHS<br />
NASA<br />
NOAA<br />
NSF<br />
http://www.geo.utexas.edu<br />
http:// www.geo.utexas.edu/climate /climate
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