Maersk Oil Company Profile
Maersk Oil Company Profile
Maersk Oil Company Profile
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64 Technical Capabilities Technical Capabilities<br />
65<br />
Improved and<br />
Enhanced <strong>Oil</strong> Recovery<br />
The vast majority of <strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong>’s fields are geologically challenging, marked by<br />
characteristics such as low permeability chalk offshore Denmark or thin and<br />
extensively spread carbonates offshore Qatar. To improve the oil and gas recovery<br />
factor, <strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong> has long applied Improved <strong>Oil</strong> Recovery (IOR) techniques<br />
such as water flood operations. It has also initiated Enhanced <strong>Oil</strong> Recovery (EOR)focused<br />
research and development projects in its quest to keep producing from<br />
its assets as they mature.<br />
EOR Research<br />
<strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong> collaborates with premier academic institutions<br />
around the world including the University of Texas in<br />
Austin, Texas A&M University, the University of Houston,<br />
the University of Wyoming, the University of Calgary, the<br />
University of Stavanger, the Danish Technical University<br />
and the University of Copenhagen.<br />
<strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong>’s EOR research includes the Nanochalk project,<br />
which looks at the way fluids and rock interact on a nanoscale,<br />
joint industry project BioRec, which aims to enhance the performance<br />
of Microbial EOR, Advanced Water research, which<br />
investigates various formation wettability conditions and a<br />
joint industry project to develop an EOR Knowledge Base.<br />
Qatar denmark kazakhstan uk algeria deepwater<br />
focus WAG CO 2 WAG WAG Polymer<br />
Monitor<br />
CO 2 EOR Smart Water Smart Water Smart Water<br />
Smart Water MEOR MEOR MEOR<br />
investigate MEOR Hot Water Air Injection CO 2 EOR CO 2 EOR<br />
gas water Thermal Other<br />
focus: Large scale studies, pilots are ongoing.<br />
Monitor: Techniques are being researched but to a level<br />
where large scale commitments have yet to be undertaken,<br />
or that good potential lies and requires further work<br />
is required.<br />
investigate: Techniques where potential could lie, but<br />
further screening work is needed prior to evaluation.<br />
Waterflooding<br />
<strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong>’s IOR learning curve was first established within the<br />
marginal oil development of the Dan field, offshore Denmark,<br />
during the 1980s. This experience was then adapted in the<br />
1990s to the adjoining Halfdan field and later to Al Shaheen,<br />
offshore Qatar.<br />
Maximising the waterflooding sweep efficiency in low permeability,<br />
low porosity and heterogeneous types of reservoir has<br />
been key with a focus kept on injectivity and well conformance<br />
issues. However, the typically closely spaced extended reach<br />
wells drilled in a line drive pattern facilitate waterflooding sweep<br />
efficiency.<br />
<strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong> conducts large scale waterflooding operations offshore Denmark, Qatar and the<br />
UK, developing a unique experience in this area<br />
Production and water injection profile of <strong>Maersk</strong> <strong>Oil</strong>’s Danish fields<br />
Barrels a day<br />
Operated<br />
assets<br />
800,000<br />
700,000<br />
600,000<br />
500,000<br />
400,000<br />
300,000<br />
200,000<br />
100,000<br />
first <strong>Oil</strong><br />
Qatar 1994<br />
Denmark 1972<br />
0<br />
UK 1993<br />
1972<br />
1974<br />
1976<br />
1978<br />
<strong>Oil</strong> water<br />
1980<br />
iOr<br />
technology<br />
Waterflooding<br />
since 1996<br />
Waterflooding<br />
since 1986 &<br />
gas injection<br />
Waterflooding<br />
since 1994 &<br />
gas injection<br />
1982<br />
1984<br />
1986<br />
1988<br />
injector<br />
wells<br />
<strong>Oil</strong><br />
production<br />
water<br />
injection<br />
capacity<br />
111 300,000 bpd 1,350,000 bpd<br />
135 212,000 bpd 1,070,000 bpd<br />
1990<br />
9 50,000 bpd N/A<br />
1992<br />
1994<br />
1996<br />
1998<br />
2000<br />
2002<br />
2004<br />
2006<br />
volume of<br />
oil recovered<br />
1,061 million<br />
barrels<br />
2,029 million<br />
barrels<br />
235 million<br />
barrels<br />
2008<br />
2010<br />
year
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