Effects of neonicotinoid pesticide pollution of Dutch surface water on ...

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(?) soil; 14 d Gammarus pulex, crustacean, Brak<strong>water</strong> vlokreeft Gammarus pulex, crustacean, Brak<strong>water</strong> vlokreeft Hyaliodes vitripennis Say, predaceous mirid, ro<strong>of</strong>wants Lepomis macrochirus, Bluegill, baars Mysidopsis bahia, mysid shrimp, garnaal LC50: 350 μg/l; 96 h exposure (Analytical grade powder) LC50: >9,520.0 μg/l; 24 h LC50: 580 μg/l; 96 h LC50, adults: 0.0003 g a.i./l; 24 h LC50, nymphs: 0.0015 g a.i./l; 24 h (Insects and apple leaf sprayed with 480 g/l SC Calypso ®) LC50: 25.2 mg a.i./l; 96 h static (Technical grade) LC50: 38.7 mg a.i./l; 96 h static (SC 480) LC50: 0.031 mg a.i./l; 96 h flow‐through (SC 480) LC50: 87 mg a.i./kg dry wt soil; 14 d (WG 36) 48 WG 36: 0.12 mg ai./kg dry wt soil; 14 d SC 480:
Nannotrigona perilampoides, stingless bee, angelloze bij Notidobia ciliaris, caddisfly, schietmot Oncorhynchus mykiss, Rainbow trout, Regenboogforel Pardosa spp., Thin‐ legged wolf spiders, wolfspinnen Pimephales promelas, Fathead minnow, Amerikaanse dikkop‐ elrits (Technical grade) LC50: 0.050 mg a.i./l; 96 h flow‐through (SC 480) LD50: 0.007 μg per bee for foragers (average weight <strong>of</strong> workers 0.0082 g); topical application, mortality observed for 24 h (Technical grade) LC50: 7.7 μg/l; 24 h, larvae only LC50: 7 μg/l; 96 h, larvae only LC50: 30.5 mg a.i./l; 96 h static (Technical grade) LC50: > 104 mg a.i./l; 96 h static (Technical grade) LC50: 6.8 μg/l; 15 d, larvae only ER50: c 375.0 g a.i./ha; 14 d contact toxicity (SC 480) 49 NOEC: 0.244 mg a.i./l (body length/weight); flow‐ through, 97 d (Technical grade) NOER: < 187.5 g a.i./ha; 14 d contact toxicity (SC 480) NOEC: 0.170 mg a.i./l (max. test concentration); flow‐ through, 33 d NOEC: 0.780 mg a.i./l (F0 male body length/weight); flow‐through, 290 d Valdovinos‐Núñez et al., 2009 Beketov and Liess, 2007 Schmuck, 2001 Schmuck, 2001 Schmuck, 2001
Page 1 and 2: Effects of
Page 3 and 4: Introduction Between 1994 and 1996,
Page 5 and 6: Hypothesis There is a correlation b
Page 7 and 8: LD50 Toxicity index Pesticide ® ut
Page 9 and 10: Degradation of imi
Page 11 and 12: Guanidine metabolites have shown hi
Page 13 and 14: The MTR norm is an ecotoxicological
Page 15 and 16: Surface water conc
Page 17 and 18: analyse the effects of</str
Page 19 and 20: Was imi1 > 0? If so, enter its valu
Page 21 and 22: As this classification resulted in
Page 23 and 24: The results for Amphipoda are more
Page 25 and 26: square root numbers of</str
Page 27 and 28: There is also at least one declinin
Page 29 and 30: Discussion During the inventory <st
Page 31 and 32: Maxim, L. and Van der Sluijs, J.P.,
Page 33 and 34: Aphelinus mali, wasp, sluipwesp Apo
Page 35 and 36: Chydorus sphaericus, planktonic cla
Page 37 and 38: Daphnia magna, water</stron
Page 39 and 40: Forficula auricularia L., Common ea
Page 41 and 42: Megachile rotundata, Alfalfa leafcu
Page 43 and 44: Picromerus bidens, predatory bug, s
Page 45 and 46: Tetragnatha maxillosa, spider, spin
Page 47: Colinus virginianus, Northern bobwh
Page 51 and 52: Megachile rotundata, Alfalfa leafcu
Page 53 and 54: Hyaliodes vitripennis Say, predaceo
Page 55 and 56: Bostanian, N.J., Hardman, J.M., Ven
Page 57 and 58: Williams III, L. and Price, L.D., 2
Page 59 and 60: 2 Megachile rotundata, Alfalfa leaf
Page 61 and 62: 10 Rana nigromaculata Hallowell, Ja
Page 63 and 64: 15 Daphnia magna, water</st
Page 65 and 66: Heteroptera, d=160‐0 dl=0 Categor
Page 67 and 68: Amphipoda, d=160‐0 dl=0 Category
Page 77: square root numbers of</str

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