1.5 Nouns as Appositives - Epiphany Catholic School
1.5 Nouns as Appositives - Epiphany Catholic School
1.5 Nouns as Appositives - Epiphany Catholic School
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APPOSITIVES<br />
Appositive - a word that follows a<br />
noun and helps identify it or adds<br />
more information about it.<br />
Appositive Phr<strong>as</strong>e – an appositive<br />
and its modifiers
2 Types of<br />
<strong>Appositives</strong>:
NONRESTRICTIVE<br />
APPOSITIVES<br />
Nonrestrictive appositives are not<br />
necessary in order to understand the<br />
noun being referred to. They just<br />
give extra information.<br />
Nonrestrictive appositives are<br />
always set off by comm<strong>as</strong>.
NONRESTRICTIVE APPOSITIVES<br />
Marian Anderson, a famous singer,<br />
w<strong>as</strong> born in Philadelphia in 1897.<br />
My sister, Lisa, is a first grade<br />
teacher in Houston, TX.<br />
My brothers, David and Mark, are<br />
twins.
RESTRICTIVE APPOSITIVES<br />
Restrictive appositives are necessary<br />
in order to understand the noun<br />
being referred to. They are crucial to<br />
the meaning of the sentence. If you<br />
remove them, the sentence becomes<br />
confusing or incomplete. Restrictive<br />
appositives are never set off by<br />
comm<strong>as</strong>.
RESTRICTIVE APPOSITIVES<br />
The Star Wars character R2D2 is my<br />
favorite movie character.<br />
My daughter Katie is in ninth grade.<br />
My daughter Sarah is in sixth grade.
IT’S ALL IN THE COMMA<br />
These two sentences have crucial<br />
differences. They carry very different<br />
meanings.<br />
My daughter Katie is in ninth grade.<br />
My daughter, Katie, is in ninth grade.
In the first sentence, the appositive is<br />
restrictive. It indicates that I have more<br />
than one daughter, and the appositive<br />
is necessary to know which daughter I<br />
am referring to. Therefore, the<br />
appositive is crucial to the meaning of<br />
the sentence and h<strong>as</strong> no comm<strong>as</strong>.<br />
In the second sentence, Katie is my only<br />
daughter, and I am merely naming her.<br />
Removing this nonrestrictive clause<br />
would not cause confusion because my<br />
listeners know I have only one<br />
daughter.
A COMMA SAYS SO MUCH<br />
My daughter Katie is in ninth grade.<br />
My daughter Sarah is in sixth grade.<br />
My son, Christopher, is in first grade.<br />
My sister, Lisa, is a first grade<br />
teacher in Houston, TX.<br />
My brother David is an English<br />
professor.<br />
My brother Mark is a computer<br />
programmer.
DIAGRAMMING APPOSITIVES<br />
<strong>Appositives</strong> are like shadows. They can<br />
follow nouns wherever they are:<br />
S, SC, DO, IO, OP, OC<br />
Noun (appositive)<br />
Noun (appositive)
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