An introduction to the quark model

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Few-charge systems History of the quark model Mesons Baryons Multiquarks and other exotics Outlook Very first hadrons Discovery of the neutron (Chadwick, see, also Joliot-Curie) Need for a strong interaction between nucleons Search for underlying symmetry! The theory of nuclear forces led to important tools! Pion predicted by Yukawa, Spin effects according to the quantum number of the pion, Range ↔ mass of the pion, Range anticipated from the size of nuclei, and from the ratio of 2-body to 3-body energies (Thomas), Pion discovered in 1947 at Bristol, with three charge states, π + , π 0 and π − , not so easily as their decay are not the same, Thus in 1947, 7 hadrons seen or expected, p, n, π + , π 0 and π − , and also ¯p and ¯n predicted. JMR Quark Model
Few-charge systems History of the quark model Mesons Baryons Multiquarks and other exotics Outlook First hadrons: antinucleons Bevatron built at Berkeley for antinucleons ¯p seen in 1955 by Ypsilantis, Segrè and Chamberlain, ¯n shortly after ( ¯ d a little controversial), Also the cross-sections of ¯p, With the unexpected σann > σel Because nucleons and antinucleons are not pointlike! Because ¯ NN annihilation differs from e + e annihilation in QED! JMR Quark Model
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An introduction to the quark model

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