Blue Gold Of Lebanon

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24 PART 1 1. * Source : National Water Sector Strategy 2012 WATER SUPPLY 8 aquifers* and 17 perennial rivers* fed by more than 2000 springs bring the available water estimation of the government to 2.7 billion cubic meters (m³). Diagram A illustrates the estimated water resources in Lebanon as according to governmental figures*. A Lebanon Water Resources in billion m 3
2. WATER DEMAND Agriculture is the primary driver of water demand in Lebanon at 55% of total demand. In 2011 the water consumption by the agricultural, domestic and industrial sectors combined was greater than the amount of extracted water. A demand deficit of 73 million m³ of water was recorded (Diagram B). Unless drastic changes are made across the board, Lebanon will likely experience a demand deficit of 876 million m³ by 2020 – three times the current water consumption of Greater Beirut. B Demand / Deficit in million m 3 Water losses are majorly due to obsolete schemes and lack of awareness. Due to the lack of adequate infrastructural facilities and institutional organization, only 1.4 billion m³ of the available 2.7 billion m³ of water are currently being used. That leaves 1.3 billion m³ in untapped water. The consequences of exceeding demand coupled with the effects of climate change are expected to add further strain on local and regional water resources, making the Lebanese even more dependent on bottled water, and who knows? On imported water one day? BLUE GOLD 5- YEAR PLAN 25
Page 3 and 4: BLUE GOLD 5-YEAR PLAN
Page 5 and 6: ناطلس ّقحلا بحاص
Page 7: “Building a promising future and
Page 10 and 11: TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENT IN
Page 12 and 13: CHARTS LIST A B C D E F G H I J K L
Page 14 and 15: Project Team Christine Abillama | P
Page 16 and 17: Afqa, Mount Lebanon
Page 18 and 19: 16 INTRODUCTION Nahr Ibrahim, Mount
Page 20 and 21: 18 INTRODUCTION Step Three: Provide
Page 22 and 23: 20 INTRODUCTION Laqlouq Hill Lakes,
Page 24 and 25: 22 PART 1 Chouwane Lake, Nahr Ibrah
Page 28 and 29: 26 PART 1 Cost of disease related t
Page 30 and 31: 28 PART 1 4. 4.1. The water extract
Page 32 and 33: 30 PART 1 4.2. Managerial Framework
Page 34 and 35: 32 PART 1 Low end-user connection r
Page 36 and 37: 34 PART 1 H Government Measures for
Page 38 and 39: 36 PART 1 The Council for Developme
Page 40 and 41: 38 PART 2 1. 1.1. 1.2. In order to
Page 42 and 43: 40 PART 2 Afqa, Mount Lebanon Some
Page 44 and 45: 42 PART 3 1. PART 3 PROJECTS TO WET
Page 46 and 47: 44 PART 3 2. SELECTED SHORT-TERM IN
Page 48 and 49: 46 PART 3 2.1. Beirut Mount Lebanon
Page 50 and 51: 48 PART 3 1 2 3 3. 3.1. DIRECT AND
Page 52 and 53: 50 PART 3 9 10 11 3.2. Implement Dr
Page 54 and 55: 52 PART 3 13 3.4. MANAGeMeNT INITIA
Page 56 and 57: 54 PART 3 1 15 Dams * To be impleme
Page 58 and 59: 56 PART 3 2 Saghbine, West Bekaa, L
Page 60 and 61: 58 PART 3 4 Qadisha valley, North L
Page 62 and 63: 60 PART 3 6 DeSCRIPTION CHAlleNGeS
Page 64 and 65: 62 PART 3 8 DeSCRIPTION Treated gre
Page 66 and 67: 64 PART 3 10 Qammoua, North Lebanon
Page 68 and 69: 66 PART 3 12 Moukhtara, Mount Leban
Page 70 and 71: 68 PART 3 14 DeSCRIPTION eSTABlISH
Page 72 and 73: 70 PART 3 Marj Bisri, South Lebanon
Page 74 and 75: 72 PART 4 PART 4 THE BLUE GOLD 5-YE
Page 76 and 77:
74 PART 4 1. BLUE GOLD offers holis
Page 78 and 79:
76 PART 4 R Target Water Management
Page 80 and 81:
78 PART 4 The National Water Counci
Page 82 and 83:
80 PART 4 3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. Local R
Page 84 and 85:
82 PART 5 Tannourine Cedars, North
Page 86 and 87:
84 PART 5 1. 1.1. 1.1.1. 1.1.2. 1.1
Page 88 and 89:
86 PART 5 1.3. 1.3.1. Nahr Ibrahim,
Page 90 and 91:
88 PART 5 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. BLUE GOLD
Page 92 and 93:
90 CONCLUSION Hill Lakes, Tannourin
Page 94 and 95:
92 CONCLUSION The Middle-East in fa
Page 96 and 97:
94 CONCLUSION The main impact of su
Page 98 and 99:
96 CONCLUSION Rivers of Lebanon, a
Page 100 and 101:
Qaraoun Lake, Bekaa, Lebanon
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1
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34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Page 106 and 107:
LEXICON Antitrust: Refers to federa
Page 108 and 109:
ABBREVIATIONS BML CDR CFoD CIH CoS
Page 110:
GRAPHIC DESIGN AND EDITING www.rawi
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