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70 Works carried out in 2000 1. We have compared the pacemaker activity of the neurones in the left medial vestibular nucleus of control guinea pigs with that of animals labyrinthectomized one week beforehand. For this purpose, the endogous (pacemaker) activity of the neurones was assessed by their spontaneous activity recorded extracellularly in brain stem slices in presence of a cocktail of neurotransmitters blockers (CNQX, dAPV, bicuculline and strychnine) which freed them from their main synaptic influences. The left medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) was explored in a very systematic way. In presence of neurotransmitter antagonists, we found that the mean number of spontaneously active neurones detected in a single MVN by our procedure increased dramatically from 9 in slices from control guinea pigs to 26 in slices from animals labyrinthectomized on the left side one week beforehand. The results show that deprivation of the vestibular neurones from their labyrinthine input causes a change in the deprived neurones themselves. They suggest that an increase in pacemaker activity might be one of the factors responsible for the restoration of spontaneous activity in the vestibular neurones after labyrinthectomy. 2. In the course of an attempt to eliminate synaptic influences, we submitted the brain stem slices to a perfusion containing a low Ca ++ - high Mg ++. We found that this medium induced a class of neurones to fire in bursts. It was further proved that the calcium channels types R, P, N were involved in determining the firing pattern of the vestibular neurones (Neuroscience Letters, 2000). 3. We have explored the responses in firing rate of the vestibular neurones to different current stimulations. Such a purpose necessitated to perform intracellular stimulation and recording of vestibular neurones in brain stem slices. This research has been very successfull. It was found that after vestibular compensation, the response of the neurones to dynamic stimuli was increased. In other words, we have found a new type of neuronal plasticity. In response to the suppression of one of its major synaptic inputs, vestibular neurones adapt themselves by modifying the number and types of electroreceptors in their membrane.
RELATED PUBLICATIONS •RIS, L. and GODAUX, E. (2000). Voltage-gated calcium channels contribute to the pattern of the resting discharge in guinea pig medial vestibular nucleus neurones. Neuroscience Letters, 000: 1-3. •RIS, L., CAPRON, B., VIVERT, N., VIDAL, P.P. and GODAUX, E. Modification of the pacemaker activity of vestibular neurones in brain stem slices during vestibular compensation in the guinea pig. Soumis à European Journal of Neuroscience. •RIS, L., HACHEMAOUI, M., VIBERT, N., GODAUX, E., VIDAL, P.P. and MOORE, L.E. Resonance of spike discharge modulation by neurons of the guinea pig medial vestibular nucleus. Soumis à Journal of Neurophysiology. • L. RIS, M. HACHEMAOUI, N. VIBERT, P.P. VIDAL, E. GODAUX and L.E. LEE Plasticity in the intrinsic excitability of central vestibular neurons of the guinea pig after unilateral labyrinthectomy. Soumis à Journal of Neurosciences. OTHER PUBLICATION •SCHNEIDER, I., REVERSE, D., DEWACHTER, I., RIS, L., CALUWAERTS, N., KUIPERI, C., GILIS, M., MOECHARS, D., KRETZSCHMAR, H., GODAUX, E., VAN LEUVEN, F. and HERMS, J. Mutant presenilins disturb neuronal calcium homeostasis in the brain of transgenic mice, decreasing the threshold for excitotoxicity and facilitating long-term potentiation. Soumis à Journal of Biological Chemistry le 07/12/2000. 71
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Geneeskundige Stichting Koningin El
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Fondation Médicale Reine Elisabeth
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L’abondance et la qualité des pu
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Prof. Dr. A. Bossuyt Secrétaire du
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Prof. Dr. G. Orban Lab. voor Neuro-
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Reports of the University Research
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14 Members of the team: Christophe
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16 domains, most notably that of N-
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Corticobasal degeneration, motor sl
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Figure 2. Brain Areas Disclosed Dur
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• Cognitive Neuropsychological an
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Report of the Research Group of Pro
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Neuregulin signaling regulates neur
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tein present in neural precursor ce
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Cell biology for prevention and tre
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Functional significance of neurorec
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Spinal Cord Traumatic Lesion Martin
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A.Schulman, and T.R.Van De Water, B
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•Identification of PSF, the PTB-a
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Brain activations in a dot pattern
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References •R Vogels, G Sary, P D
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A Scientific activities 1. Overview
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4. Purinergic receptors. Purinergic
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mals also scored higher in anxiety
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cell clones have been used in these
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•Ledent C, Valverde O, Cossu G, P
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• Snell BJ, Short JL, Drago J, Le
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I. Physiology and physiopathology o
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nuclei, which are involved in respo
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Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96: 5257-5262
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in those who did not. In rats sacri
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(Poster). Abstract of the 4th EURON
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Positional cloning of the neuronal
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fragments, 18 expressed-sequence-ta
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Philadelphia, USA, 3-7 October 2000
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I. FMRI in Awake Behaving Macaques
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gressively higher levels of the cor
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MION was injected into the femoral
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Future Possibilities Future contras
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FIGURES Figure 1: FMRI responses in
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Figure 5: Average percent signal ch
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FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGI
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explain these search processes. Par
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Investigation of the molecular mech
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tral) cortex compared to non-depriv
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By comparing the percentual increas
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altered amino acid residue is equal
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BIBLIOGRAPHY - 2000 Publications in
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Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 2000, vol. 2
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1. Coding of 3D-shape in macaque in
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3. Position sensitivity of macaque
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Publications: •JANSSEN P., VOGELS
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