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Chapter 2 Distribution and Description Herb, shrub, seedling Prairie Succession Frequently repeated fire Fire Oak savannah Oak woodland Shrub, sapling, herb Tree, shrub, herb Oak forest Climax Douglas-fir forest Catastophic Disturbance (Fire) Figure 2.6 Successional pathways in deep soil sites in the Puget Sound area (modified from Peter and Harrington 2004). Erickson (1995). These considerations of succession shed much light on the restoration process, since restoration must take into consideration the dynamic nature of Garry Oak communities. Chapter 3 (Natural Processes and Disturbance) provides a more in-depth look at fire and succession in relation to restoration. 2.7 Acknowledgements Thanks to Brenda Costanzo, Carmen Cadrin, and Matt Fairbarns for information on maritime meadows and vernal pools; to Mike Miller for information on vernal pools and seeps; and to Lora Lea for review of the chapter. 2-20 Restoring British Columbia’s Garry Oak Ecosystems: Principles and Practices
Chapter 2 Distribution and Description 2.8 References Beckwith, B. 2010. Personal Communication. Assistant professor, University of Victoria School of Environmental Studies, Restoration of Natural Systems Program. Brown, K.J. and R.J. Hebda. 2002. Origin, development, and dynamics of coastal temperate conifer rainforests of southern Vancouver Island, Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 352-372. Chappell, C.B. 2006. Upland plant associations of the Puget Trough ecoregion, Washington Department of Natural Resources, Natural Heritage Program, Olympia, Washington. Natural Heritage Rep. 2006-01. www1.dnr.wa.gov/nhp/refdesk/communities/pdf/intro.pdf (Accessed Mar. 6, 2010). Erickson, W. 1993. Garry oak ecosystems. Ecosystems in British Columbia at risk series. B.C. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Wildlife Branch, Conservation Data Centre. www. env.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/garryoak.pdf (Accessed March 10, 2010). Erickson, W. 1995. Classification and interpretation of Garry oak (Quercus garryana) plant communities and ecosystems in southwestern British Columbia. MSc thesis. University of Victoria, Department of Geography, Victoria, B.C. Erickson, W.R. and D.V. Meidinger. 2007. Garry oak (Quercus garryana) plant communities in British Columbia: a guide to identification. B.C. Ministry of Forests and Range, Research Branch, Victoria, B.C. Technical Report 040. www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Tr/Tr040.pdf (Accessed Mar. 6, 2010). Fuchs, M.A. 2001. Towards a recovery strategy for Garry Oak and associated ecosystems in Canada: ecological assessment and literature review. Technical Report GBEI/EC-00-030. Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, Pacific and Yukon Region. Green, R. N. and K. Klinka. 1994. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Vancouver Forest Region. B.C. Ministry of Forests. Vancouver, B.C. Hebda, R. 2010. Personal Communication. Curator of Botany and Earth History, Royal British Columbia Museum. Hudson’s Bay Company Archives, Archives of Manitoba. Ground Plan of portion of Vancouver Island selected for New Establishment taken by James Douglas Esqr. Drawn by Adolphus Lee Lewes, L.S., 1842. HBCA G.2/25 [T11146]. Kluckner, M. 1986. Victoria—the way it was. Whitecap Books, North Vancouver, B.C. Lea, T. 2006. Historical Garry Oak ecosystems of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, pre- European contact to the present. Davidsonia 17(2):34-50. www.davidsonia.org/files/17_2_lea. pdf (Accessed 6 Mar. 2010). MacDougall, A.S., B.R. Beckwith, and C.Y. Maslovat. 2004. Defining conservation strategies with historical perspectives: a case study from a degraded oak grassland ecosystem. Conservation Biology 18 (2): 455-465. Madrone Environmental Services Ltd. (Madrone) 2008. Terrestrial ecosystem mapping of the coastal Douglas-fir biogeoclimatic zone. Prepared for the Integrated Land Management Bureau, Duncan, B.C. http://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/acat/public/viewReport.do?reportId=15273 (Accessed 6 Mar. 2010). Part II Understanding Garry Oak Ecosystems Garry Oak Ecosystems Recovery Team www.goert.ca/restoration 2-21
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Approval signatures
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Table of contents 1.0 Restoration p
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Figures Figure 1. Map showing locat
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3.0 Site description 3.1 Overview A
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Figure 2. Plant community (site) ty
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3.4 Cultural features In July 2007,
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management prescriptions are summar
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Table 3. Objective 3 indicators and
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thickets will follow the protocol t
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Plugs and live stakes will be plant
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5.4.7. Forbs and grasses⎯general
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Public education will be achieved t
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Agronomic grasses⎯While eradicati
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9.0 References Blackwell, B.A. 2007
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Cooperative Extension. Available ht
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carinatus), and Kentucky bluegrass
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Table 6 cont’d Vegetation Type 1
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Table 7. Site type 74: Camas-Herbs
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Appendix 2⎯Exotic plant species o
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4. Use a rubber mallet to drive the
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Regional Parks T: 250.478.3344 490
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The Corporation of the District of
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Forbs Carpet Burweed (Soliva sessil
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Seedling Stage: Container: Chapter
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Himalayan Blackberry* Rubus armenia
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Wild Strawberry Aster curtus) Fraga
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Mammals Columbian Black-tailed Deer
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Parks Canada Parcs Canada Environme
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