Long-term variations of atmospheric transmittance from ... - GEWEX

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Traceability to the international solar radiation scale Before 1970 • Several Ångström pyrheliometers calibrated in Stockholm, Sweden were imported and used as national standard pyrheliometers. • Ångström scale 1905 was transfered to operational standard siver disk pyrheliometers, and then scale was converted to Smithsonian scale. Smithsonian scale (JMA) = Ångström scale 1905 x 1.035 “The operational standard silver disk pyrheliometer used for calibration <strong>of</strong> operational pyrheliometers in early times was extremely stable and its sensitivity remained virtually unchanged for more than 35 years since the start <strong>of</strong> the observation in 1932” (Japan Meteorological Agency, 1975).
transfer the pyrheliometric scale Ångström pyrheliometer (national standard ) Silver disk pyrheliometer (operational standard & operational pyrheliometer)
Page 1 and 2: Long-term variations of atmospheric
Page 3 and 4: Direct solar radiation measurements
Page 5: Data rescue Recently, the results o
Page 9 and 10: Used pyrheliometer & scale of solar
Page 11 and 12: • Diurnal variations between 09,
Page 13 and 14: Results • From 1933 to late 1940s
Page 15 and 16: Bias correction for rawinsonde meas
Page 17 and 18: Calculation of transmittance due to
Page 19 and 20: Results (cont.) • Main cause of t
Page 21: Danke!!

Long-term variations of atmospheric transmittance from ... - GEWEX

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