Technical Paper by JP Giroud, KL Soderman and K. Badu-Tweneboah
Technical Paper by JP Giroud, KL Soderman and K. Badu-Tweneboah
Technical Paper by JP Giroud, KL Soderman and K. Badu-Tweneboah
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GIROUD et al. D Optimal Configuration of a Double Liner System<br />
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS<br />
The analysis presented in this paper was developed for the evaluation of an actual<br />
double liner system, <strong>and</strong> the support of GeoSyntec Consultants is acknowledged. The<br />
authors are grateful to K. Holcomb, N. Pierce, <strong>and</strong> S.L. Berdy for assistance during the<br />
preparation of this paper.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., 1997, “Equations for Calculating the Rate of Liquid Migration Through<br />
Composite Liners Due to Geomembrane Defects”, Geosynthetics International,Vol.<br />
4, Nos. 3-4, pp. 335-348.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P. <strong>and</strong> Bonaparte, R., 1989, “Leakage through Liners Constructed with Geomembranes,<br />
Part II: Composite Liners”, Geotextiles <strong>and</strong> Geomembranes,Vol.8,No.<br />
2, pp. 71-111.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P. <strong>and</strong> Houlihan, M.F., 1995, “Design of Leachate Collection Layers”, Proceedings<br />
of the Fifth International L<strong>and</strong>fill Symposium, Vol. 2, Sardinia, Italy, October<br />
1995, pp. 613-640.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., Khatami, A. <strong>and</strong> <strong>Badu</strong>-<strong>Tweneboah</strong>, K., 1989, “Evaluation of the Rate of<br />
Leakage through Composite Liners”, Geotextiles <strong>and</strong> Geomembranes, Vol. 8, No. 4,<br />
pp. 337-340.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., <strong>Badu</strong>-<strong>Tweneboah</strong>, K. <strong>and</strong> Bonaparte, R., 1992, “Rate of Leakage Through<br />
a Composite Liner due to Geomembrane Defects”, Geotextiles <strong>and</strong> Geomembranes,<br />
Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 1-28.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., Gross, B.A., Bonaparte, R. <strong>and</strong> McKelvey, J.A., 1997a, “Leachate Flow<br />
in Leakage Collection Layers Due to Defects in Geomembrane Liners”, Geosynthetics<br />
International, Vol. 4, Nos. 3-4, pp. 215-292.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., Khire, M.V. <strong>and</strong> <strong>Soderman</strong>, K.L., 1997b, “Liquid Migration Through Defects<br />
in a Geomembrane Overlain <strong>and</strong> Underlain <strong>by</strong> Permeable Media”, Geosynthetics<br />
International, Vol. 4, Nos. 3-4, pp. 293-321.<br />
<strong>Giroud</strong>, J.P., <strong>Badu</strong>-<strong>Tweneboah</strong>, K. <strong>and</strong> <strong>Soderman</strong>, K.L., 1997c, “Comparison of Leachate<br />
Flow Through Compacted Clay Liners <strong>and</strong> Geosynthetic Clay Liners in L<strong>and</strong>fill<br />
Liner Systems”, Geosynthetics International, Vol. 4, Nos. 3-4, pp. 391-431.<br />
NOTATIONS<br />
The basic SI units are given in parentheses.<br />
A = parameter defined <strong>by</strong> Equation 7 (dimensionless)<br />
a = defect surface area (m 2 )<br />
B = parameter defined <strong>by</strong> Equation 8 (dimensionless)<br />
C = parameter defined <strong>by</strong> Equation 9 (dimensionless)<br />
388 GEOSYNTHETICS INTERNATIONAL S 1997, VOL. 4, NOS. 3-4
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