appendix o exposure scenarios and unit dose factors ... - Hanford Site

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HNF-5636 Rev. 0 HNF-SD-WM-TI-707 Revision 1 19. Comparison of the Intake Parameters for the Intruders ......................... O-62 20. Effective Soil Ingestion Due to Dermal Contact With Soil ...................... O-64 21. Animal Feed, Water, and Soil Intake Rates .................................. O-66 22. Transfer Factors for Cows, Chickens, and Fish ............................... O-67 23. Hydrogen and Carbon Fractions for Equilibrium Models ....................... O-70 24. Dry-to-Wet Ratios for Vegetation Consumed by Humans ....................... O-72 25. Transfer Factors for Garden Produce ....................................... O-72 26. Various Crop-Specific Parameters ......................................... O-76 27. Leaching Factors for Garden Soil .......................................... O-80 28. Comparison of Onsite and Offsite Doses .................................... O-95 29. Effective Exposure Times for Foliar Deposition ............................. O-104 30. Summary of Ingestion Dose from Garden Produce ........................... O-106 31. Summary of Ingestion Dose from Animal Products ........................... O-110 32. Ingestion Dose from Animal Products from Tritium .......................... O-114 33. No Water Infiltration Case: Intruder ...................................... O-116 34. No Water Infiltration Case: Post-Intrusion Resident .......................... O-120 35. Low Water Infiltration Case: HSRAM Industrial ............................ O-124 36. Low Water Infiltration Case: HSRAM Residential ........................... O-128 37. Low Water Infiltration Case: HSRAM Agricultural .......................... O-132 38. Low Water Infiltration Case: All Pathways Farmer .......................... O-136 39. Low Water Infiltration Case: Native American Subsistence Resident ............ O-140 40. Low Water Infiltration Case: Columbia River Population ..................... O-144 41. Ratio of Total Dose to Drinking Water Dose ................................ O-148 O-4
HNF-5636 Rev. 0 HNF-SD-WM-TI-707 Revision 1 Exposure Scenarios and Unit Dose Factors for the Hanford Immobilized Low-Activity Tank Waste Performance Assessment by Paul D. Rittmann PhD CHP Performance assessment (PA) dose calculations involve models and parameters from many disciplines to predict the migration of radioactive material from low-level disposal sites and the potential impacts this may have on members of the public in the future. Of particular interest is the dose calculation assumptions employed for the Hanford Immobilized Low-Activity Tank Waste (ILAW) Performance Assessment (PA). Exposure scenarios and model parameters must be selected which will be acceptable to the DOE as well as local technical experts on the Hanford Environmental Dose Overview Panel (HEDOP). The particular combination of activities by which an individual accumulates radiation dose from a disposal site is known as an exposure scenario. For the ILAW PA the exposure scenarios are constructed from the land use scenarios (HNF-EP-0828, Rev 2), of which there are three general categories. (1) The water infiltration rate at the disposal site is very low due to an engineered barrier. Ground water contamination is expected to be very small, or even non-existent. The main contaminants leaving the waste site are gases and vapors which diffuse upward through the soil to the ground surface. Potential exposure scenarios involve individuals living 100 meters downwind from the waste, or directly above the waste, where the contaminant emission rate is greatest. (2) The water infiltration rate at the disposal site remains similar to present natural infiltration rates. Large scale irrigation for commercial farming is excluded. Potential exposure scenarios include people living 100 meters from the waste once contamination has reached the groundwater, and individuals living above the waste who drill a well through it. (3) The water infiltration rate at the disposal site is much larger than the present natural infiltration rate due to widespread irrigation of the central plateau of the Hanford Site. Potential exposure scenarios involve ways that water from a well 100 meters from the disposal site may be used. Onsite exposures are precluded by the active irrigation. Since many waste disposal site performance assessments have been prepared, both for the Hanford Site and other DOE-managed facilities, there is a body of knowledge associated with these assessments. Future PA documents must be consistent with previous PA documents to a considerable degree. However, there is always room for improvement. One such area is the range of potential doses to individuals who may live on or near the disposal site some time in the future. The reason for doing this is to ensure that potential doses are not underestimated. The low end of the dose range will be zero. The high end depends on the assumed exposure scenarios and the model parameters selected to describe the scenario. This report describes possible exposure scenarios, selects average (or typical) model parameters, and calculates unit dose factors for these scenarios. This approach enables meaningful comparisons between scenarios, and provides assurance that bounding cases have indeed been considered. O-5
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