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SHORTIS PAPERS
Vol. 3, Pt. 2
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it l .
;J..3 't
SHELAH'S NIGHT- 18 72
(~S horUsr- HJ.rt0rio gr!!!>bffl
Who is tha r ~ that i. unacquainted with Sheila? Was . he
no t the friend of too eminent Saint who, according to tradition,
purged the EmeraldIsle from toads and noxious vipers1 To st.
Patrick (God bless him) i. du e all that the ol d country enjoys of
the ble••i ng. of Christianity. Far an d wide, wherever the heart
of an Irishman beats, an d on wha t ever 9011 his too t has been
planted. the memory of hi. Patron Saint i. honor e d with holiday
rejoicing . So i t was in a little outharbor on the rugged .hores
of a deep bay in llewfoundlmd .
On on e portion o f th e Cove a dark shadow had fal len . Not a
r ew wer e gat hered t hat evening at the "wake house" t o bid f arewell
to all t h at was mortal of on e who like themselves had shared mm y
year. of hard toil i n t h e .truggle of life,
but at l ength had
be en s tricke n down by t h e i cy b an d of t he inexorable foe .
In another part of the harbor, almost wi thin bearing,
the
sound of a fiddle attracted groups of young men Bnd maidens in
hilarious mood
to join i n cotillion an d coun t r y dance, with the
determination to "keep the feast" i n accustomed traditionally
.tyle .
Not a hun dr ed yards away, a still further interesting
circumstance had occurred, which resulted in the addition to t he
members of a f ami ly of a new relation , of the male sex . Such is
life; glee and mer r iment
shoulder to shoulder with arfliction and
l amentation , r e gardle s s of what a day may bring forth .
~1'~ iL)J~1fiF~;U6JI'I;;31
~-t..L-~ ~/ 'Pj-L/;i..

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Late it was whan the lights went out in those r es pective
homes. Short wer e t he hours or rest, for duty called to the
toi l of ano t her da y . The earliest r i sers wer e t hos e whose
busine s s t ook t hem to the woods. Wi nter firewood was a stern
n e ce s s i t y , and t he fickleness of Nature gave no gua rantee that
the late ke en .rr-ost would continue, or that the .fin e hard "path"
could be much l onger counted upon .
Genial as had been t he weather on the Festive D~y,She ila'a
mom broke ~ th mist and dampness . Still there ware no indicati
on s that the d ay would be other than a mi l d one. Men with
hor-aee and do gs wended their way t o the woods with axes an d c'a t ­
emer-ene , some f or f irewood, others 1'01" "fence stuff''' or timbers
and "knees" :for the punts and skiff's t hat in spare hours were to
b e built. All Jo gged along merrily, the " Old salt" ot: halt: a
:::';:".~ c e n t ,! r y and the YO:U!lg~~_~r,....or, ~sixt e. e:l. Now and . ~he n... th?y . WQuld. ,....
group themselves, an d in animated conv ersation would discuss the
happenings of the previous eve. Words of sympathy escaped some
lips, -a nd specul8.tion ' -as .:-to: ~the=hour_ of---·thS' "'approae-h1ng '-:run e r al:.7::'""-~ =-,==-.7
The bUSy task had been accomplished, and e ach one who had
set forth that morning, was returning with his "loadl!. Horses
and dogs were straining every nerve, the men and boys with'-rope
ov er shoulder assisting and directing. For an hour or mor e light
s now had been ste adily raIling, but the win d was now :freshening
:from the South Eas t , whi ch was de ad ahead .
Up the ste ep road f ro m t he s e t tlement, whi ch t he company
that mor ning had t r avelled, a stri ng or women, boys and young

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girls were now ~ending their way after their mid-day meal, to
lend the men a helping hand when nearing home. It was a custom ­
ary practice and afforded some enjoyment. In bad weather it was
a real help. Now end then at some sharp declivity of the road
the young ones would spring unto the runners of the s led and
enjoy a short "randy". A mi le or so was t r avel l e d and their
respective friends wer e met . The weather was now becomin g more
boisterous every moment, and the return to the settlement more
dU1'icul t .
Among those who went forth was a widow named Harriett M------,
a strong able woman , 's i x r e e t in he ight , though now approachi ng
50 years of age, to give assistance t o her only son, a l ad of
sixteen . As one party after S1 other was encountered and passed,
a warning was uttered by man who well judged t h e danger of going
-fu; t he r ~;;y- Ir ;;;;- h~m 9t: "Go ba~k- , - ';oman, y·o·ur boy '"will come on
safely wi th the rest" . But i n vai n! A mother's l ove prevailed,
a~d on s~~ _ t oiled _t ill the s turdy l ad with hi s dog ,an d sled wer~
met . Powerful as was the woman's f r ame , and hardy and strong as
was the l a d, -i t taxed their exertions almost to the utmost t o
make much be adwny against so fierce a sto~ . The difficulty
increased with almost every step. They wer e on a bleme hillside
, de s t itut e of tre e or f en ce, or any other mark to guide
them but t he dent in tho snow Dade by the runners of the sleds,
and the f oo t s t ep s of those ahead of them, who were pressing on
as rapidly as they were able towards horne . 1:0 object could be
discovered by the eye .for yard.o distant for the blinding drift .

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It wae at length decided to out a ......y the oa tamaran \lith It15 load of vecd , &Ild
return tor it vhen the etoI'Il vaoS over.
The thin rope-trace ......e "85117 eever-ed
(
and the end tied round the b.1 1 e: left vrl15t, the dog leading the way jUllt 1.D
front
.f them, and ter oOllpan,..
Near t he hill-t op, a earrhge road frOOl t he neighboring t own er-ees ed t hei r
traok.
On arriving at thi15 point, they l!Ihould have followed t.hie r-oad to tbe
right, ae it would have led thelll around a bend in the hill, and t hence di r eot ly
down to the village.
But thi15 cr-eesdng va e nd s eed and everpeaee d, and the pair
struggl ed envar-da ever- a long flat rur5h, 110\1 • traekle15l!l W315te Dr snow, They
bad last their \laYI yet on they vaader-ed till hurlan strength "'80S exhausted , and
then eat deva, to r -Lee ZlO more en ear-tb,
An hour after the . therl!l had reached hea e , it beeaae eviden t t hat Harriet
aad her 158ft mu~t have m1 ~ s ed thei r lIay, or had au ceuabed te the bla~t. W.rd va~
pe se ed frem heuae "i.e beuee, and :lpeedily' aunber- e .r Dleft
set, ferth up the hill-
:!Iide a eeer- ch, The eterll va:!! a ehort eae , an d the """ather vas alread,r "olearing
~ - . r t lt . - _ It vas getting aear-, duek, The .Blaok Mar:sh ve e eaeurea 1. evory dlrecti$JIl,
a 15 I t va e telt that deubt.Leas there it vas that the,. had t!:.ne .:ltr_,., 81..ce the
boyl :!, cataIU.ran va:. tound beyond. Even then :Ie :ltreng 'WaS the vi.d at that
.- e levati.R~:"-t~ri;;'~ v~t;e :~·~8h~t::~1d~~c~;:~~~:~~-=:-':';S;'~.~~II:-;~p:~!t er
po.up returrt.ed at n.it:htfall ll1th the aaeur-••e. 1_ the-ir edade that, vere their 1.:!It
trlolld:l dfecesered, little bepe remaiaed that t ho,. would be
tound alive.
OaC8 mere at he ile, •• Ilind ceukd rest content with the teoUllg t hat the
Ilisd ag e.es eheuld be lott te per-Leh •• tnt M :;b bleak v.:lto, without eeoe
furt. "r ettert t. tr;r and z-eeeue them. A crew .r a dezell :!Itr.llg mell vas 80en
eeeur-ed, wh. veluat"ered te make the attollpt.
Pr-epar-at.Leae were ha"tlly 1. hand.

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with all and trimmed , when a circumstan ce occur red that put an end to all plans
and efforts.
The wind had died dovn sudden'Iy to a lmos t
a perfect calm; but within hall
an hour , a howling blast burst suddenly from an opposite point of the ccepeas,
with redoubl ed viol ence.
It' was one of those "ci r cul ar storms" or cyclones,
that f r om time to ti:ne oc cur by land and sea. For a short period they had been
in the cent r e of the store, Whatever chance of a search there vas before, there
vas none now.
started, fe'"
The wind had the force of almost a hurricane, and .had the party
or pos sibly none, would have returned alive.
Mournful va s the night. With the roar of the tempest no sleep could be had.
Many of the strongly built little 'Wooden dwellings vere threatened being unroofed
.
And the sad thought dee pened in sadne ss at the reflection that tw o at
l ea st vere shel t er l ess , and ex posed to t he bitter elements.
Day broke, and although the wind \l8S still high, and at ti~es the snov we
hurled around in --------- J number-s of nen, shovel in band, propeeded to the
hill- t op to search for the frozen remains. Every hummock of snow that presented"
itself over that long and vf.de marsh \l8S attacked, in the hope that it covered
t hose, whom they knev and loved so \otell.. But- vithout seeceee, ~ther da7 and
even the s uc ceedi ng one found the searchers at their vor-k, All hope at length fled
of the bodies booing recovered, till approaching Spr i ng should lay earth's surface
bare again.
Six days bad pa s sed
s ince St. Pa t r i ck ' s Fea st, and the Lord's Day of Rest had
arrived . It va s a "pet" day. The air was motionless. The water on tho bay va s
placid. Not a cloud flooted i n the alm ost Italian blue sky . The bright sun' s rays
vere warm and genial , though not en ough to mel t the anov , The se t t l ement seemed to
Sleep i n de ep repose, f or hardly a soul \l8S st i rri ng .
No service 'Was held in the

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little vcode n Churoh that morning, 89 the Parson va e ministering in a ncar-by
harbor, and \l88 not expected until the afternoon.
,
About noon, a t all 'Weather-beaten fisherman vas l eaning agai nst his front
door, MUsi ng on the qui e t scene 8~d peacefully' emokfng his pipe , when 8 small
moving obje ct attracted his attention. Bebdnd the settl ement , at the roar of 8
cluster of 800ft small dwellings, erose 8 precipitous r-ugged hill. Down the BnOWcovered
face of it, the obj e ct vas seen to move .
The man carefull,y ecenned it,
and at length concluded that it va s 8 dog. Curiosity led blIlr to valk towards the
spot, when be discovered t hat it va a the widowls dog, that had found its vay to
its owner ' s closed front door. Five days had the faithful creature relll8ined, tied
by the hempen cord t o his mas t er 's arm, and not till the close of that long period
of co l d and hun ger had he gnawed through the bond that beLd him .
The nev e spr ea d r apidly, and a lmost at once the i cy slopes vere climbed by
men an d boys, gUid ed by t he animal's f oot pr i nts in the snow. Long and vinding
vere t he vanderi ngs and doublings over t he broad va ate above; but at length the
objects of t heir s ea rch beee• e visible. Si de by l i de they lay, t~e mothftr and
the Bon , partially covered \lith vinter '
e gl isteni ng robe.
Their po sition revealed
the fact that they had endured long en ough to travel well nigh 8
couple of
miles beyond the spot over- ldUeh 8 0 dl11gen't- a - search had been .&feo.., Be~
finally exhausted, they must have s eated t hemselves \lith their backs to the wind
and weat her , till the pitiles s gale ot Nor th ;lest brae upon them, when they feU
beekvard with t he i r heads towards the East, and
slept "the s l eep ot the just".
Around the boy' s left vrist wa s twined the remnant of the trace, whilst his
right arm extended and frozen at right angles to his body, as though he had
embraced to the last the neck of her he laved.
"In their deaths they vere not
divided" . The arm vith difficulty va s a t length presse d into the co ffin vithout
break:1.ng a bone 6 Toge tb~ r they were l aid in one grave , till t he Resurre ct ion
trumpet is Bounded 6

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Apart frOd. other losses a nd sa d bereeveeent.a, the occurrence holds pkace
in t he memories of the dv"llers of t hat ob scure littl e settlement and Borro wing
communi t y as "Sbeilah ls Night".

III . ;,l)vt
IE ANcIENr TIllES
(By Reve r e nd Can on Smi t h, 1909)
I t 11!! twen ty ye ars si nce I 'pa i d my last visit to Tr1.Dity. I had then been
11v1Dg nea r ly four yeorlJ at Portugal Cove .
Si nce 1889 , first the ol d Church ill
vh1cb I preached on the last Sund2t7 evening in Oct obGr ot t hat ye ar- then t he- old
Court uecee have passed sway, and now the old School House Is to follow.
The Naval Officer vho Is aai d to ha ve c ommanded
tM man-of_war at Trinity
when the frame of the old Schoo l
House vas brought out of t he f or est , we
probab~ "Pa r -eon Bullockl s llbrother, c apta1Jl, . aftervards Admiral Bullock.
He sp ent
over t en years in makin g a survey of t he coa st. His first visit was paid 1n 181 8,
when he ca me out in c ommand of M.H. brig "S nap" J
having sec ond in eceeena his
brot her, William, aftervards the Parson, but t hen 8 Junior lieutenant in the Royal
Navy. In 1820 Lieutenant Bullock left t he Roya l Navy and studied for bbe C'-:urch .
0Jl March 31st., 1822, he vee ordained deacon by the Bi sh op of Chester, and
a fortright.
later advan ced
to the priesthood by the Bishop of L1Dcoln, acting tor the
Bi shop or London", for the cur" of souls 1D. His r·:a.j esty ' B foreign po ssessions".
That
year Parson Bullock took.:.uphis r&lddenee at TriJdt,., and in ~Oetober.lll3XTied
Miss Mary Clinch, only daughter or Reverend John Cll.ncb, M.D.
Mr. Clinch died at
Tr inity in November 1819. Parson Bullock must have been a very active man and
dil1gen.t ehur-cb-vcrker-, si.co during the rirst twelve orhis eigbieen ' yearB ~ .1ncumb..;;- · ---- ...,,
ca cy of Trinity he built 8
large nev Clmrch--01d St. Pau1's--a (for a long time)
lar ge nev School Hous e , and a nov per-sonege-c-tbe present building a t Trinity.
There bad been. in previous years occBl!Jlonally B teacher at Trln.lty, employed
aa d pa i d by S.P.G.
In 1823, Mr. Samuel COODer foundeal the Newfoundland School
S.clety, now the Colonial a nd Contlnea.tal Church Soc i ety . The old School at Trin.itY'
a ."" to be pulledd d.own \188 OD e .r the Society's first schools in Ne....f oundlal:ld.
their firat t eacher 'W9.l!J Mr., aftervard Rev er end BenjamibFleot . He ca me t.
c:z,~~-fnn. ~ ~;J H.I'. ~ p"ol
.-0c- u: ~~/.
P.jd/l.
1 11. ;2 F

,.'
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Trini t y i n 1825, and taught. there for sev ctral ye ars. In 1842 Mr. Fl eet \18 9
c . aitaed Deacon by Bi shop Spencer, and a 1848 ordained priest by Bishop Fielcl.
I
Mr. Fleet served ill Burl . from 1842 to 1846. I . 1847 be lived at P.rtugal Cove.
h the au t umn of tbat year he W89 placed in cbargo of 'tbe Mis sion of Fox Trap . In
1874 he di ed at Hopewel l , and 1s buried there on. the Southern Shore of Conceptlon.
Bay . When very yount: be W89 a choir boy in St. Paul's Catbedral, London , and sang
t her e at the funeral of t he great Lori Nelso n 1n 1805.
Such 1s a brief sketch of
t he first teacher in charge of the Sebool Mr .. Bullock had built at.Trinity.. The
t1rst Church at Trinity appears t. have beea built about 1734. T~8dltlon sa ys
t hat its founGsti.n vas laid by Reverend Henry Jones, SooP.G.,
missionary at
BonaviBta. If' s o that !DUst ha ve been Dot later t han 1733, per-pa p a in rm. The
l irs t r es l d e n~ clergyman at Trinity va s Rever end Robert l1Upat rick. He resided
t her e i n 1730-:31.
He then ve nt to Nev Engl...and , but in 1734 ccae to Trinity, ead
remained ia charge of that Mission until his death vhich took p'Lece
somewhere in
Tr ini t Y' Bey about A.D. 1741. I could never find out t he exact place of his death
aa d buria l , or t he cause or death, v~ther'l~ \..'e~e ehaa ~e ;-ac ciden -t ;;-r· 6om::i ci d~ .-'=
When I W, 9 a boy there vas a tradition current among B OrDe of the very old people
at TrW t y that a clergyman bel.ngin~ to that place vae .kil l ed bY', the Indians;
but I hav e ••t been able t~- get ~t. ~an; · do~;~t8ry.·~vid~n~ in 6U~~;-rt-ot tlrl.s
tradi t ion , vhich may be only a fable.
In 1744 Rever-end Henry J onos r-eaeeed .fr'om.
Benavl s t a aad settl ed at Trinity..
In June, 1827 the .lel St . Paul's vas consecrated by Bishop Inglis.
This
eburcb super ced ed the e'Ld one built about 1733. When Hr. Bullock added the touer,
t. the West end of .ld St . Paul' s about 18.30, he u sed s.me of the board floom the
. l el church 8 8 cov er ing bear-d r . r the t.~r and t he ext.eaefen vo st .r St. Paul's•.,
S. that eeae or tho m.atl!trlal u sed in the construction .r the tirot ohurch at
Tr i nit Y' termed part .r a B8cr eli eliifice there r.r 160 years.

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There have beea but tW e Par-e cneg ea at Trini ty, t he pr esent bu l 1l!l ng erected.
by Mr. Bulleck about 1832. 4 at a co st of t hree t beu sand dollar s besi de s volunteer
lab.r Bad eeee material gi ve n bevat-d s its ccnetc-u ctden aad the first parsona~8
bUilt by the people . r Trinity f or t he Rev er en d Ja mes Balfour in 1765. In hj.e
repor t fer that ye ar to the Society f or the Proga ~8tl on of the Gospel In forel@;lt
parts Mr. Balfour says t hat the people had built him 8 good , Dev convenient beuee
at a c.st .t one hundred and thirty pounds s t er l i ng . This house Mi-. Balfour dwel t
1a WltU he left Trinity in 1775 .
Aft erwards it va s inhabited by Reverend John
Cll.nch, M.D. until his ow private house 'W'a9 bu i l t in Doctor's Cove. This old
parsonage stood in t he parso nage Lever- garden cIese by the road leading to the
public vharf..
I n 1765 this road vas but a nat-r-ev path leadi ng to Carland' s big
ceo k- r oom en "J1ackerel Poi nt" .
I n an old map or Trinity, a copy . r which i s in my
possessi. n , t his point i s called "Cape V.acerel". This document is ent.Lt.Led, "A
NeW'
Map . r Trinity Harb or in Nevfoundland , made bY' Francis OvOl:. Master in the
Navy, 1800". Printed e nd publishe d, Mar ch 12th. , 1801 by LolJoll and White " 53
Fleet s t r eet , St r and, Lond on .
I hare ,tve you a lis t or names or place s 03 this map . In the N.W. Arm at
.ldmlr al's Island, Fort Poi nt a Cape Nudickcpape Hecer-eL, "Febfn t a" Point (Taverner s ) ,
Pud c1i n ~ P.int (Dumplin-g- in mg-d~y) ' , Wa i~r -'s Po'i nt , Gotis C ov~~, B.[~OS 9' t'; ~eWe
troll 'Jalterls Poi nt, Got Cove Point, Deep Water Bay , Rock Cove , Jonos Bay , Fresh
\later , Calve's Nose (Fifield' s Poi nt ) , Jobl s Head , White Point, Sam White' s Oeve,
Herrl ll ~ Rock s , Sker wi nk Head , - I n the Souther n Arm, Magg.tty Cove. I n the 5. ,\01.
Arm, Hogls Nose, Cat Cove, Fisher' s Cove, Penguin's Cove, Goose Cove, Bar, West An.
Bo... Tavollorls Poi nt, originally t he Dame of Feb i n ' s Pef nt , I dOblt leno.." Got's
C ev~ derived its na me from a German (8 llancver-Ien] ~rge on, na med Gott . He lived
an d: pr act ised in Trinity about the midd l e of the 18th. ce ntury , end between 1770

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••d 17 80 sold his f arm at this Ceve to Mr. Benj .. Leeter-, In my next I may 8ay
8emet hing of t he h1 atol7' .r"Sam Whit e ' s Cfie" ..
The .ld &r8veyard in Trinity 1s a very old place of int erment indee4.
Pr.~bly 200 yeers old vheu the last interment took place there in the Summer of
1881. It \188 that of old Mr:J. Uhite, mother .t the late Mr• .Tehn \./h1te. Constable.
I buried her m::rsell, a nd s a officiated 8 t the last interment in t he old graveyard.
Abeut
the centre of this ~8veyard I s the t omb of the Rever end J ohn Clinch, M.C.
I t marks the site of the altsr in the first church built at TrinitYJ for Mr.
Clinch vas buried UDder the altar vhfcb va s temporarily removed for that perpese..
Mr. Cllich vee 11.0 quack in medi c1Do_ he va s 8
regu18rly licensed praetiti,ner
bel ding diplomas 8S physician and surgeon from Lenden , He hac, when studying
medi cine , 8S 8
fello\l student , the celebrated Dr. Jenner, the discoverer of
v8c c1nat l on f~r mallpox . They pa ssed thei r exams an~ received their diplomas
at the same time.

V:3J [ :'

- 2 -
In other verda, that little strings of seals extended over two hundred and
twenty miles of coast line on the one day ..
I
In the eeee \lay all the seals have passed Bell. I sle by January
~sed
l
by )
Jan. 1st.)
1st., \lith a variation in date of twenty days.
The entrance to the
Strait of Belle Isle Is an important point in migration for there
harps turn to the Westward, rolioving the Arctic current along the Labrador shore
of the Strait, and the Gulf hoods take the middle, 88 in duty bound parallel with
the harps.
Cape Bauld bas always been famous
for seals, both Eastern and Western patches
of seals are obtained at Cape Bauld, from the Belle Isle Strait with a N.\I. vfnd
provided that the wind has been bloYin:: eaa'tvar-d of N.N..E . three or four days
previous. The seals are wheeled into the vicinity of Cape Bauld by the combined
forces of the \lind, the current and the tide; but the vfnd preponderates in
distinctive force in March and April, and this i8 the period for ~ak1ng seals.
Cape Bauld "split the seals", and the eastern stream of seals move tovard the
Yhite Islands, Groias Islands, Belle Island and Cape john.
The older sealing captains' theory iEi that the seals fol10\l the inshore
stream of the Arctic current from Cape Yalsingham to Cape Race . : At any rate they
_ .,-. -r.
have long forsaken surrounding the deep baysI they c~t across "from ·poi nt to point,
and reach Cape Race at an early date of the year, 8S vessels approaching the
coast in January, notice the Beals a long distance from the land, enjoying their
brief holiday.
They may be observed on the Banks at sDJ" time sfter the Ne\l Year,
and this on account 'We suppose that the body of seaIa make a straight line from
Belle Isle to cape Freels, and
off the Grand Bank, St. Pierre Bank and even Sable
Island, ecae of the sealers in the cabot Strait are of the opinion that a body of
seals pa ss South in January or earlier, for it is before the river ice comes dovn ,

- 3 -
and it 18 supposed that t hey are the Bea l s noticed at Sabl e Island, and tha t the
body of eastern hoods vhen finished feeding on the Banks , pass through the Cabot
t
stral1. to ride the ice in the Gulf.
Absent ) It viII be noticed that the seals have been absent from the ice two
two )
Months) months and a half', fran. the end of October to the middle of Februar-y;
the
Theref ore the seals of'{ / -East. Coast Leave for the North early in the month. They
have been seen on February 16th., passing across t.he mouth of Trinity Bay in a
l arge st r a ggling body two or
three miles in length, old and young 'With heads out
of wat er , and rusbings long at a great pace. The seals alvays travel inshore if
possi bl e , but they will not approach the coast if the ice 1s inshore; they appear
t o trave l fast, a s they journey North.
With a heavy ice and easterly wind during cold season they evidently' experi
ence cons i der abl e difficulty in reaching North of Fogo Island.
Per ha p s they
delayed too long on the Banks, but in 1880 they probably rode the ice \l~ ll South
of Cape Bonavista, f or the vhelpin(l!; ice came in close to St. Johnl s on April 2nd .
and J rd .,-and -quit e a number vere -bauked- on Shore, but this \183 a r-eaarkebke
oc currence I it was only' a patch however .
==-Reac h ) _, The ~\lO bodies of Ea ste~n_ Seals which travel s i de by side from Cape
=~Stra1t . ) _-:.-:::-,,~'c '=-'-C_-~="",,"-,'_.-=,,-.~, ~ o,.~_·· oc~c-'f_-=:--,.~--"= ~ . ---_-~.--;:::~=
. Entran ce) Race to Fogo I sland, gener a l l y reach "t he entrance t 'o"Belle I slo' Stralt' ~
before the 28th. February. The seals a1v8ys ride "free ice n , 1 .e.-lce in no \lay
connected \llth the land, but floating dcnm vith the Arctic currentI
then if the
Wind ha ppe n s to be ea sterly', and t he ice pressed inshore, they viII not eppr-ce cb
the cosst - t hey move out side.
They seek for a particular fora of l ce, In extensive
sheets, seldan more than three or four inches thick to deposit their youn e- The
harp se a l I s a gregarious anima l , the mothers all like to be t ogether, close to
one a not her , there may be 200 ,000 in t he pa tch , or a congregat i on of sea l s on one

- 4 -
sheet of ice several miles in length and breadth.
The first duty of a seal Is
ice-boring. A small hole 1s clawed in the ice, then the claw Is planted firmly
I
in the hole, and the body revolved round on the hind flippers. The hole permits
the seal to come up close to the young wbitec08.t and suckle it.
The old sea.Ia fish all day, and return to the ice in the evening_then the
little ones are crying, very much like the human infant, for the old seal.
Imagine
an anxious mother, after a hard day's fishing, first finding the leo, which
may have drifted miles since the morning, and then collecting ber own particular
hole out of 200 ,000.
It very rarely beppena that fish or f ood of any doscript-
Ion is Been on the ice, 88 the old seals consume everything under vater.
The
yaung harp 'Weighs seven to nine pounds and eeasur-ee about two feet, two feet six
inches . The hair is 'IoI001y. It remains for about twelve or fourteen deya in the
same position 8S 'When it vas born.
It increases in weight about one and a half
to three pounds a day, depending on the veat.ber-,
If it is a fine mild season they
gr-cv 810\111'1 but if it is a cold stormy bitter \linter, with plenty of slob and snow,
=.:--change's-;-to~.\f..~t-:vith~vy:rafn;:zh:i!tin:g=a!:::.the:N.W. -;~with-.frO:! ~ and ..l :tM..., .i t
gr-ove rapidly.
Eats Lots) It likes encv and eats great quantities of it when it is about
~=- -of- Snow-;- )~~' c "'7~_-_' ~_-~~~~__ ~ _ _~ '_ '_" __ "
- - . -I~ : . .. ..-~; : ~t Wen ty_!'1ve or""twehty-sevell "days ·ol d ":::"t ne pelt or .skin 'f at , vel gh3 t'rOl:l"""" C ~_ :::: .;:.-.--"
f"orty-five to sixty pounds . It then learns to swim, takes to the water, changes
its coat to pearl gray vith brown spots. The mother then appears to forsake it.
The young seal immediately eteeee North West for the land, resting on pans of
ice and foolishly sleeping in the sun .
As Boon 8S they reach dnehor-e and obtain
food they ste12 the current for Baffin I s Bay, vher-e they reach the end of Mayor the
f"irst week of June . All the seals ride on the ice about the end of February or
early in the month or Horch .
The old sealing masters BBy that February 28th. is

- 5 -
the seal' B birthday, and consider the seals vou'Id usually be clear of the 1ce
about 10th. April.
The patch of seals are generally seen about twenty to.thirty
miles eastward of the s'pot t ed Islands or Cape Bluff.
Bed'lamer-e] As soon as the old seals mount the ice, the bedlamers of various
retire )
ages retire to ice situated ten or fifteen miles South East and South
\lest of the main breeding ice, and the males to the South East and the females to
the South West, and they remain there about until possibly the old seals foresake
the ice.
The circumstances surrounding the harp seals before they mount the ice have
been briefly touched on. The situation mIJ.y be described as embracing the coast
bet.veen Cape Bluff and Cape Beu.Ld,
But it must be remembered that during exceptlanaI
Seasons many of the seals may not be able to reach as far North, but they
will make every effort to do so.
But it must be r-emember-ed that the Springs of 1918 and 1919 have been
practically close seasons, as only seals have been taken on the front of the
country, and the \olriter !ee--1'Fsure' tha:t-:.l1'"'the- vesse-ls: pi'"~tlI'iK- thEFvoyage
next Spring nstrike the seals" with the help of the aeroplanes they will return
with bumper- trips.
St. John's, Nfld.
Doc. 6th., 1920

DARI NG EXAPE FROM SIGNAL HILL PRISON
.illY. H. F . $hor-tis I
Historiofispher)
One evening ll!l.st
Spring, 'While l ooking over a t i me - honore d c opy of the
St . John's "Patriot" (I think it ve s)
for 1848, I noticed thel"eln a stirring
account of the daring e ec e pe of t.vo young men f rom the old military prison on
Signal Hill. Since then I have done my best t.o get 8B many details as possible
of the incident itself, 9. S \lel1 A.S of .t he cdr-cumet encea connected therewith. I
have sear-ched the archives of the Depar t ment
of Justice, as far as the gentlemanly
officials there 'Would permit me to go --intervle....ed t he o'Ide nt
inhabitants of
HoyLe st.ovn, and done everything alae I could, to hunt up faots and figures to
enable me to veeve t he affair into a stor y for one of our magazines . The nett
result La t hnt I am nov "out" with the frui t
of my gIeamngs,
The occurrence t o whi ch I r efer t ook place in 1848, and as nearly all the
good epople of thn~_ time have lone sinco " gone . hence to be seen no eor-e'", you ,
r eader , con ima gine t he di f f i cul ties I heve
to face i n getting t he date hare
empl oye d _ My account a t t he star t -take e me ba ck 'thr-ee-quar-ter-s of a _century,
when thingll in St . JOhn 'B wer e 1'10 va at.Ly different hom ....bat they are nov , that
if one of the II old-ti mers" wore to l ay his s hroud aside and step up f rern t he
~__~_ gr nv e , he ._w?ul4 hardIy kno'J _\.Ihat par t of too . _world~ _he _ -hnd come to . - _._.
Dut to begin at the beginningt When t he good ship Dritannia-the first of
he r kind- s t eamed from Liv erpool, marc than eeventy year-s ago, hor paddles
driven by 7/.0 hor-se power engines , f U::Jsily cbu r ndng the: "mui!cly ve ter- e of t he
Ker-sey , she 'WIlB a ve sn eL to murveL at.-one of the fo ur l ate st "vonder s of t ho
vor-Ld'", of ,...hi ch t ho other three ver-e he r- sf.s t.er- Cunarr le r-s, Acadia , Col umbia and
CnI edo ndn ,
She ve e t.hc pionoer which shoved the .....ll y acros s t he Atlanti c t o t he
I'Ieet.s of s rtcum Levf.s t.hans t.hnt .....ere to retrev in her ....ake ; and in her-neIf a
et.a I eLf on ve aee I than t ho Mer~ ey had eeo n , with her 207 foot f rom stem to etor n

- 2 _
eiehty-ceve n peesenger-s on thst memorable trip, vae i n no mood to be impressed
by the "f ar-f amed, f 8st American t'lteam packet", f or he de scr i be s his " s t eam cabin" ,
,
for vhen l uxury hoend his vrre had paid .f,7!l, 8S an utterly impract icable,
thoroughly hopeless and pr-ofound.Iy preposterous box" .
I t s door vou'Ld no more
admit his t wo modest portmanteaux "than a gire-ffe could be persuaded or forced
into Q flower pot" ; amd its beds coned.s t ed of a "very flat quilt covering, a very
thin mattress, spread like 0 surgical p'laster- on 8 most dnacces sfbke she lf" .
And vhen t o thi ~ discomfort wer e added the uneasy J antics of the ve ssel
vhfch "a lmos t r olled her funnel out" , one can imagine vith wha t
heartiness "Boa"
took 8. scjeen vo"! on landing in America , f ifteen days later , to ab jure steam and
make hf o return voyage on 8 good old-fashioned sailing ship. Such ....as a pioneer
Ii -ier- in rlf;J.y~ vhen Queen Victoria V9.R nell to her Crovn ; when no man voufd have
dur-o r'' even to dream of tho IuzurLous floating hot.eLet.hat ver -e to bridge the
l~tl~nt1c in half....a-d ozen ('ays before the century vaa out, and ccrapar-ed ....ith ....hose
m~q:nificcnt bulk the far-famed Britannia ....ne but. a p i~y .
And yet the Br ite.nnia
van ri veritable monster of the ~ ,:1)8 compared ....l t h t he Si r iu~ , the f i r ot s t.eamdriven
bout to c rOHS tho At lnntic t ....o years ea r l1er --a ve ssel of 412 t.ons , ....hich
the vor-Id ....1.18 .1!llpr e s s i vc l y infor med,st t40 t i me , had " coat, no l e s s t han .t,27,OOO •
.....'. __ ' •. ".,.-, ':. •" "'_,_",,,_:~ __""=." ,,-..,.>" ._~~,,-.,.. _=__~-,....",---,",-=- .. _- .......... _.~:-c:-:-_c·,,,''''' _."'-. __-= _....:"':-"'_~::,,~_~_
DOtHI tho r-ende r- ask, "What the steamer Britannia and Chat-Loa Dfckens and his
",ife M B t o do \lit h t he t.vc men t o ....hom I refer"?
\oIel th6Y had this mueh to do
\li th UJem: t he Br i tanni,.. br ought them f rom. U verpool t o Ne\J York an d ¥.r . a~d Mrs .
Ddckene ver-e tw o of t.he f.r- shfpmente during t he voyage . It is a remarknble cfr-cua-.
et .ence that t hey should have
nvmal!e d t o get l'l'Jay f r om England in one of t he f i r st
et.eumer-e to er-ose t he Atlanti c , And t o e aeocdete on t he voyage with, perbapa, the
gr-eetent, lit erar y gendue of hie dey.
Their r-ee L naeie s , I under -et .end , ....ere Dermot Brady and Edvar-d Naughton ; but t o

- 3 -
hide thoir Ide~tlt.Y, t hey 8 8 SUDlft d the aliatH'!:J of Br -edehev and OtKel l;r . 'l'h8S 8
are t he Dames by whic h they ve r e knovn on tho Britannia ,
and 'Which they ret a ined
during their brief sojourn in the Nev 'World. They did not remain long in Nov
York.
Some inki1ng of their vber e a bout-s having reached the authorities in London,
the polico or Gotham ver-e notified t o be on t he alert, and AS
Boon as Brady and
Naugh t on (I ahall no .... give t hem their real IlI'\t!l.l:tfl) got to knov that their move -
ment.s vere shadowed , t hey t ook peasege in a sa i l1ng ve s s el n amed t he Northern
Light, bound to Fogo, \lit h a car-go of pr-cvd ed.cne f or on~ or the firms d o1n~
bue dne ee t here .
Frorn that port they came t o ~ . John' 8 , arriving here early in AutjUst of t he
year already me nt i oned (lSN~ ) . Deing good looking, educated an d regarded as t he
sons of Irish nob leman, t hey soon made intimate a cquaintances vith DOnIe of the
beat. f amilies in t he c OOlrnuni t y . At t heir hot e l-a popular place kept by a Mrs .
J ohn son -they received t heir ne\ll.v f oun d friend s, vhc invited them to their homos,
~=-..;. vhor-e t h:,y . we ~e _~i n ed an d wi~e.d and . e!lt e r t ~1no~Las . I?nly t he ho spitable mer-cban t s
and planters of 'those days 11kneIJ hov to do it". Th ey dance d gracefUlly, san g an d
played delight f ully , wer-e experts at ca rd s and billiards, an d ,
a s a r e su l t, the
parties give n in their honor.
At
these gatherings M08srfl. Brady a nd Naug ht on u sed to t alk of their experience
on the BrltR.nnla and rel""te s t or i e s told them by Ddcke na during t he v6ya ge .
And nll this they did to the rlel ight of their ea ger listeners . 'rben, ag ain, thoy
ver-e good speaker- a, and much a dmired for the \lit end humor t hlt char uctez-Leed
t heir after -dl nno r efforts. Thu s it happened t ha t f or some months t hings ve nt on
ve ry nice l y f or t hem.
But f r o'll t heir ahor-t, And blissful dream they ve r-c doomed t o
6 rude 0 v(\',("0 10Ct

One eve ndng at t hi s juncture, vhe n the pair ve r-e a t t he height of t hei r
popularit y, a nd t he Iit t l-a eocdeL circle in which they moved lay complacently at
their I'eet., s o to speak, Nau ght on ~nterud the "Dubkl n Booket.cre" on Water Str eet,
owed by ¥.r . Bernard Duffy, vhc mibsequentdy e(~it.ed a c1ty paper called "The
Recor d" .
Neught.on present.ed "to I·'[]·. Duffy u nttn'k of Enellm

- 5 -
After Drady and Naughton had been flhut a week or t ....o,
some of their
acquaintances got permission to Bend thel!l in peckegea of eveeteent.s, fruit, etc .
. t
Th1e continued for 8 r ea s onable time vithout arousing suspicion . On one occasion
a very parti cular friend of JIIe.ughton drove up to the prison and ha nded
t he varden
a l ar ge cake for him , ....h1ch be (Naughton) duly received , bbe officer never dr-eaa-.
log that i t
contained B.' eet. of tools by the nid of ....hich the t wo prisoners ver-e t o
effect their e scape.
These too18 tbl3Y carefully oonceeIed, us1ne them vhe neve z- an opporttmity
prosented i t self, t o cut through the vindov bar-e end f ree t hemse l ves onc e more .
Watching their opportuni ty one fog{''y night , vhen the sentinel, vhc passed up and
dovn 1n f ront of the buildin/!:, had reached the f s r t heat-a·...ay point froo the cell
1n whic h they ver e confined ,
they r-emoved the bare and Brady climbed out, dropped
to t he ground and made off_Naughton ......Lted till the maD on guard paced his
round, then be , too, attempted to get ll\1nYJ but oving t o scae el1gbt noise caused
by his foot comi ng in contact \li t h one of t he Loosened ba r-s , t he sen tinel t urned
""" eharply, c au ~ht sight of tho fugitive and fired ; v cunddng hl.'u- seve;elJ"" :til the";;;'·
ritht Leg , He \Ja9 r e ca pt ured and taken back to pr-Leon , vber -e he r -eae dned till
Brady, on effectlne his eecepe,
scrambled, 8S best he could in tbedark, dcvn
over the Hill to the wnte1"front, divertod himrtelf of hie boot s, noil'\~ly .....eded in,
and ewam acr-ose the Narro....B.to the. South Side . Here he reeved t ill daylight. "hen
h6 made hf s way to Blackhead , and told h1~ tltory to the peop le of the f i rst bouse
he ent.er-ed , The y shaved off h1A vht eke r-e and moustache , cut h1~ bair, gave h1Jn n
fiRhing nuit , boot-s and all, and did eVArythin~ they coul d t o conceal hiA identity.
Nobody "gave him away" J and he eet.t.Led dovn , rMrried, and 50!I1e of his deacendant.s

- 6 -
are t.odey living in c orn.fortable cfr-cumatance s her e .
Cone tablee a nd ' soldiers
scour-ed the Whit e Hil161 ftB 'Wall as Signal Hi l l and Quid! Vidl i n quest of
him.
Tlda they kept up far a ~e k or mor e , vl t hout avail, of course . Then they
abandoned the eear-ch,
It never occu rred to them t hat he vcukd attempt to l!Ivim
ecr-o as the Ner-r-ove ,
.,........!.~.

· ,
,..... i l
, 'EARFUL LOSS OF LIFE AT Sf. MARY'S - 1875
(By H. F .. Shortie. Historiographer)
A terrible calamiV haa just occurred at St .. Mary's, particulars of which
wi l l be gathered from the following telegram received on Thursday last ..
Se Imonder- March 4th ., 1875
Nearly all the men of St .. Mary' B left the shore on Tuesday morning to board
an abandoned vessel jammed 1n the Lee about t wo miles South West ' of Cape English;
the ice slacked off 1n the evening, and she was driven out to sea with vind eastnor
-t.h-ea at , f rozen up in a l ar ge sheet. Al l succeede d in getting on shore 'With
t he exception of forty-two menj a certainty of t went.r of them drc:nmed and died on
the i ce i n the storm; hopes of the other twenty-t\lo be Ing on the vessel ..
Nothing
'Wrong with hull or material;: has no compass and but lit t l e provisions. She Le a
French vessel named the Violetta, Granville , f'r-om France, bound
to st. Pierre;
ca rgo sa lt, r UD., sugar, coffee , etc. All her crev safe at Holyrood; Captain
danger-ouaIy ill.
.. . ~ ..
Thos. Br-een & Son , James Bar~y.-'-,-JohI1· ·B ~rry, -Thoma s Barry, St·: Croix - (two), · W~.
The follo\ling men are known to .be l ost :-John Pover, James Peddke , Pat Tobin,
Reubin, John Fewer, RowseH & Son , Michael Yelland & Son , Peter Grace, J ose ph
Grace, Ri cha r d Critch, P. Doobdn,
..
j '
We have to thank Hcn , A. Shea for the follo'Wing telegram received by him
yesterday:-
Han. A. Sheaj -,
Salmonier March 5th.
Names of misslng:-.\fichael Po....er -, Michael Bar r y , Thomas Hayles, Thomas an d
Andre'll Mooney, Michael Jame s, Pa'tr-Lck and Robert Tobi n , J ohn Molloy, Ed'Ward
Nowlan, Daniel '..lhit e , Ri chard Connors , James Fagan, and two Bans, Thomas Hurray

- 2 _
'What
provisions ce r-e on boa r-d are out before this, a nd unless some
as si stance be sent they cannot stand long .
From the 'Way 'We bad t he wind ve
think she is a bou t forty Pl11es S lOW . of Ca pe St . Mary l s" .
In r ep ly t o Mr . Bennett 1n t he House
of Ass embly Yl'ster day t he Sol i citor
Gene r a l stated that t he Governaerrt ba d taken measures t o ascertain an d make
provi si on for relievi ng the immediate distress caused by" t .be ca lamity at St.
Maryls .
We understand the S.s. Ti ger, nov at t he West war d , Is t o be employed t o go
in sear ch of this ve ssel on board of which the missing men are suppos ed t o be .
It vas urged by t he House yesterday, by the Recei ver General a nd Mr . Shea ,
t hat t he pre sent un f ortunat e occurrence vcukd be the occasion of a most l egi timat
e claim, and one that voukd DO doubt be r eadi ly responde d t o, upon t he
benevolence of the gener al public, in raising a fund for t he relief or those 'Who
bad been thus suddenly l eft destitut e and unp rovided f ar.

V.?>U.5-'fJ
] II :250

- 2 -
be, too, f e l l
beneat h t he i cy vat.er-s and met his death, i n perhaps the moat
noble manner in which man can die, the eff ort to save the lives of othere regard­
I
les9 of sel f . Before him stretched an honorable and promiaing career. At the
Itlist term of Court he had been ad mitted tothe Bar. His f:rienda were influential,
and his prospe ots of the brightest.
The call came and the response was immediate.
The neme of Weston Carter 1s one that St . John' B cannot afford to forget. It ranks
vith the tla ny galJant men, who, i n times of war and of peace, alike, ha ve aurr ender
ed life a nd all that theY' hold dear
in villlng response to the call of duty and
of bonor .
The funeral t ook place in " col d and stormy weather" J but the immense gather_
l og 'Which attended hie obsequies demonstrated the admiration which hie courage
and se l f - ::J8c r i fice had ev oked, a s ....ell a s t he respect and affecti on in ....h1ch the
young la\l)'"er and bis family were heLd , The r-oedvay on both s i de s vas early
blocked up by a l arge crow co:nposed of all classes ot our people, says the
contempor ar y record (The Royal Gazet te)..
The cent r e of carriage-Way ve s occupied
by detaohment s of the ArtllIer,. imd Caludl lm Rlnes' and -b!" til&-- Volm.t.eer Caapanies_
At t he graveside va s a firing party of Vol un t ee r s , and by the Volunteer Band the
"Dead Marohl! was played.
. ; ...--
Governor Hill vas present; also the Lav Soci et y and
--
~ -_. - ~ ". "..:. -
citizens of all classes and creeds. As the three Tollers were trred across the
(n-:J ..V )
grave where t he moral remains of the heroic young man 'Jere reverently laid to rest,
though heads bowed in ecra-cv, and eyes streamed \lith tear-a,
the breasts of citizens
svelled with pride, because another name had been added to the long list of those
Who coun t i ng not their lives dear to them,
ver-e content to do and die, if by
their deed s and death, they could bring hope and s af et y t o others.. Weston Carter's
efforts were
not crowned \lith the su cce s s he de sired, but who shall eay that he
failed? It vae the spirit of the volunteer of 1871 that inspired the breasts or

- J -
the volunteers of 1914_
Good deeds can never die; and who ehall litdt the
influences that radlate,from a life of service or a death 01' sacrific&'l
At the cemetery gates the procession vas r ecei ved by Reverend Coadjutor
Bishop Kelly, and the Reverend Messrs.. J ohnson and Wood . In the Mortuary Chapel
the service va s conducted by Mr . Johnson, and the COI'QJIlitment Service at the graveside
by Bishop KelJ.,y.. It And BO" , says the record, ""8 conclude our short record of
the death and burial of one "hen but for amongst us knev other
than as a dear and
veIl-beloved friend . In his life, though but youthful, he vas a credit to hie
people an d his country; his death V38 but the consumatlon of his life, i n t hat
he laid it down to save others in extremity. He has done his duty and gone t o
r est ".
"We muet all die
Al l
leave ccr-ee tvee, it matters not vber-e , vbe n
Nor bov, so ve die well; end can that man that does so
Need lamentatioa. far him"?
Lycidss 1l13y sleep the sleep that move not waking; but Lycidas is immortal ,
and his story endures t hroughout the years .

NElIFOONDLAND
( By Governor Boyle)
When sun r ay s crown they pl ne -elad hills,
And summer sp r eads he r han d,
When silvern v oice s tune thy rills,
We l ove thee, s:nillng l and.
- D -
When blinding st orm-gust s fret thy
shore,
And vild wav es lash t hey str and ;
Though spindrift sllir l an d tempest r oar,
We l ove
thee, vfnd-e....e pt, land.
- 0 -
When
s pread s they cloa k of shimmering 'White
At Wint er I a s t ern comnand;
Though shor t ened day and
star-l1t ni ght,
We l ove t hee , froze n land .
- 0 -
As loved our fathers, so 'We love,
Their prayer Vel raise to Heav en a bove
God guard t hee, tlevfoundlan d.
!!2tl'!: The se vers e s vere sun g by t he Hawkins Theatrical Company, an d tiM mUl!Iic was
composed by a Professor Kri ppner, a German, who \la s her-e about 8 ye ars previous to
the Gre at War, a nd vhc va e in my oplnlon--a spy. lie ve e made much of by the

DEAR OlD SOUTHSIDE HILL
lB y Arcbbiahop Howley) .
Music bI Professor Hutton.
The fonde st t houg hts of chil dhood's days
~ ";'
Twin. ' r oun d th4, dear old hill ,
And, as I ga ze, ~be,. bare, bleark braes
Wi th lave my boSOIII thrill.
For of all t he hille that s tood Earth' 8 breast
And : orelgn count ries f ell,
I
l ove thee acr- e than all the rest1
os, de ar
old Southside hill.
- 0 -
Chorus: Oh, de ar old Souths ide Hill,
Old, rugged, scraggy hill,
l ook v i th pride on they su n-brown side
os, de ar old Southside hil l .
- 0 -
I
l ove each nook, ea ch da r llnr: br ook,
Each ~ op se . o_~ r.usse t b:-own,
Each gulle,., pond an d laughing brook,
That tumbles rattlln« dcva ,
I love t hee ba thed in 8\1lBl1ler BUn,
With opal light aglowl
Or r obed 1n vintry garme nt ,
spun
From woot of silken eaev ,
- 0 -
I've
seen the hills that proudly stand
And str etch from shore to ebcre,
~~ ~~~ "t-...-.-;;

- 2 -
In many Il. bright and favored land
FJlr-famed 1n song and l ove,
But , oh t
t.here t e none 80 dear 8S those,
Old shag gy South-side hill,
For thy iron front and be et l i ng br-cv
M,. eouk vith rapture fill.
- 0 -
I 've se en Ki l lar ney ' s lofty' s "Rocks"
And noble Gailtee Mor,
Ben Lomond' s and Ben Nevis ' peaks,
And Sncvden1 s Glyder Fa\JrI
The l ordly Alp, an d Appenine J
And Hermon I s sacred hell:ht,
But \11th a l l
their charms t here I B none like thine
Clln cheer my 'Weary siehl.
- 0 -
Thou et ende st, o'er our harbor ' s mouth,
Like sentry stern",and hoar,
And shiel ds us from the stormy south
And with At lantic's roarl
\lhen brea kers blanch the ocean 's crest
:~. And l!lur ge~ dash thy s i de l
Within t hey
shelt'ring arms at res t
Our ships se cure l y r i de .

.
~m..~J.UilliQ~
A TRIBUTE TO THEIR BRAVERY
(By H. F . ShortlA, Hlstoriogrl!pher)
For the past four years every effort has been made to chronicle the deeds
of daring and
heroism of our brave countrymen vbc 80 nobly distinguished 'thee.,
selves, both in t he Army and Navy, and t.bu s have
reflected undying honor and
glory upon Nevfoundland. All thi s 1s perfectly correct J and ve cannot do 't oo
much to hand down to posterity t he heroism of our eount.rynen in both branches
of the ser-eaee , vhfch ha s v on i mmortal fame in the history of the 'Worldls War ,
It may be that very many acts of heroism \/ill be pa ssed over, either through
neglect, or through ignorance of the fact that the Nevfcund.Iand Re giment , which
has cover-ed itself \lith glory, l EI wholly c omposed of Nevtoondlknders) the
de scendants of those hardy and adventurous pdonee r-s vho CS QC here froo England ,
Ireland an d Scotland many years ago, and vbo figured so con spicuou sly in many a
hard-fought battle in de f ence of their ado pted country, 'When it ve e invaded by
foreien foes up on sever a l historic occasions.
Their descendants 'Were actuated
by the some love of liberty, and 'Wherever the ba t tle raged the fierceBt , the
Newfoundlander va s to be found in the front, 'Whether 1t vee upon land or
f(68.
~_~e have bnly to go back t.o _~ ~~__A~~_t~_C:!1~ G.i!!l WII;" !-oillustrat~ this_ ~act., . ~_llen..__. .
=- -=-.---::;.. -; _~,.".....____=_.::..•.=-=--:- _'-.-__ ::::" _':"_._ -----, - --,,-----o_~__
two thouoand hardy and practical Newfoundland eeamen , trained in the danger-s and
cold of the Arctic region, 'Were to be found in the Feder-e I Navy, dll'ltinguishing
them selTes by their herol:.'1m, valor and contempt of danger, and very many of them
rising t o responsible and remunerative positions in the service of Uncle Sam.
All this 1s very \lell, but, unfortunately, ve haTe very- 11tt1., vritten upon these
matters, as
the greet maj ority of our brave coun trymen, vh o survived the terrible
struggle of the Civil War,
ne..er returned to Nevfoundkend , a :t they became subjects
of the Uni t ed Stet e s , and it Le only froo letters received or the ateteeent.e of
t .hone 'Who did return t hat 'We knov anything at all about, tbe pronlnent part played
,;h...-~~ -;'" -r---- ~~ _/ /,/../: ~...Ao, .e-/.J. _;"/;"07.7/
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by our countrymen in that terrible war vaged in the cause of Liberty and Right,
the euccese of which me,nt the preservation of the United Staters. It 11'1 true
that f rom time t o t Li:le a few brief sk etches hav e been given through our magazines
and the Evening Telegram, but the details ve re very limited , and thus we hav e lost
this opportunity of doing full justice to our brave seamen vhc hav e covered tbem _
ee Ive e wi t h gl ory, f i ght i ng in the cause of Fr eedom. und er a fore ign flag. The
same may be said vitb regard to our cOWltr.rmen ....ho fought in the Cuban War of
I n depe nde nce, &9 \1e11 as that of Oht Le and other countries .
Actuated by an unbor n
love of adv en ture , nurtured amongst the icefleldt'l of their cvn coast and that of
Labr ador, they sought the scenes of danger, and distinguished themselves upon al l
occasions by t heir bravery, heroism, hardihood a nd determination • . From childhood
they cber-Lebed a l ove of eeafaring life.
It vaa second nature to thenl, and their
f ame for agility and seemanehfp 'Was vot-Ld-r-enovned , and their services wer-e eager_
ly sought a fter and availed of by ever y country in case of emer gency.
Where danger
or adv enture 'Wa s at i t s heights there 'Wa s to be found the Nevfoundland seamen -
e ve n 1n far off J ll.psn.
And 'We hear the same spirit of advent ure and corrteept, f or danger animating
our eailormen of t he pr esent day a s t,ha.!-._'Whi4ch animated our brave countrymen of
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half a century ago, or as far back as the eeverrteent.h century, chen they cef'end edour
Shores successfull,y against al l attacks of a foreign foe , both by l and and s ea .
As I eadd befor e ve have devoted considerable space in chronicling the
B:lorlouf' achfeve ae nt .e of our immortal Royal Nevfcundkand Regiment on the fields
of Callipol 1 , Egypt, Belgium and France , 'Which have von for them the tit le of
"Bet.t.er- than the Best ll , and ve hav e a Lso r ecorded in hietory of the Titanic
s t ru ggl e, whi oh hall drawn to a victorious concluef.oa for the Empire and her allies,
t he de eds of heroiem dbplayed by our gallant wboTs in bkue'", who have se rv ed and
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fought in the Br!tlsh Navy with such brilliant success and dh;tlngui8bed valor;
but, as rar &s I know, ,,"oth1ng baa been recorded of our Mercantile lI.arine a nd
the br-ave and adventurous cr-eve vbo manned our ships, and vho kept the cOIII>Merci81
fnt.er -ea't s of our country al i ve by defying all da nger frOOl. German submarines end
armed pirlltes, and convepng our products to market at the continual risk of their
lives.
We may search the annals of our so-called procession of be r-cea 'Who figured
so conspicuously in" our mercantile marine, although much space 1s ~iv en to m1l1tar,..,
missionary, legal and other people of our country vho r ose to prominence eltber
through politics or other channels of advancement .
still in the minds or the
portion of our people which 'Would r ead like romanc e
i f properly vritten up in our various nevepe per-a and magazines, and one of these
has just flashed to ID7 mind and I shall now ghe 8 fe v details of the eve nt .
A f ew days e.go there passed a\l81 8 prominent r e si de nt of the Wei!lt End of st.
Johnle, Mr . James Duggan , brother of Mr. William Duggan, caretaker of_the. ¥.uoeum
Building. Over fifty yeer-e ago, in the days of the American Civil War, Hr. Duggan,
then a yOWlg man of twenty, actuated by that love of edventure and determination
to eee the world, like so many of our countrymen, eed.Ied for Nev York, and on
arriV8l .1n '"'tbat_clty~~ecide2=,~p~n.~en~e!it!~:o'~~e _ lJ ~vy of_~h~_ U~.ited ~a~e:: . -..=He_~d
not the least difficulty 1n passing the necessary eX~m1.naiion, 8~ be -V8S a ma~ 'of
exceptionally stalvart build , herculean etrength, splendid phy s i que and in every
r e sp e c t a typical Newfoundland seaman-fearless, ccapetent, hardy and agile. He
ehipped on board the flag-1'lh1p Lancaster, vhich vas one of the squadron of the
board that ship for a period of three years.
There a r e hund reds of episodes
Smith American Station, vith beedquer-ter-a at RioJaneiro, Brazil , and he served on
He was not long on board , vhen the
Commodore , recognizing his capability as a seaman, his great strength and his
contempt of daneer , appointed him to the responsible position of "Captain of the
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MAin _TopU) which he held durdng the time the ship vee on active se rvice . The
Commodore t ook 8 great liking to him, and, upon va rious occasions, offered him
I
still further promotion, which, for some r ea s on , Mr . Duggan respec t full]" declined .
I t may have been t hat be preferred to r emai n amongst his aesocdates be'l cv decks,
8 S 8 0 many more of our countrymen, whom. I have know, beve also done . However he
preferr ed t o r e t ain his old po sition as "Captai n of t he lI.ain-Top·, an d DO per-eon
but 8 thorough saIlor and brave man could hold such a position amongst 8 crev of
f ive or
six hundred men.
During one of the vislts of the flaf:ship Lancaster to Rio Janeiro, Kr . Duggan
and several of t he crew ve r-e on shore on l eave, and a s certai ni ng t hat t here ve e a
great demons t r ation taking place before the Enzperor l B (Pedro) pa l ace , t hey de cided
to neke an addition to the large concourse of people who had assembled t her e to
ce l ebrate the Emper-cr-! s birt hday.
Amongst those present, were t he f oreign
ambassadors, the of ficers of the war-ships of various nationalities, clergy, the
public officials, military, et.c , , \lith six or seven banda of music and 1II8ny
t hou sa nds of citizens of all classes . The principal eve nt-or -the day lJaS 'the
Gr a nd Par-ade and Review i n vhtcb t.housenda of Brazilian so ldiers and
ee f.Ior-s f rolD
t he s hips of war took part. .. or _course I-_Doon .Pedr-o , the, Emperor of Brazi l , 'Was t he
---_.- - -'.'- . ~ - --,
cynosure of all eyes" and courtiers, f l un key s , ad.::drals and gener-eLa, ambassadors
a nd other r epre s entatives, \li t h the elite of the city, ve r-e e lbo 'Win~ ea ch ot her t o
recei ve a pa t ronizing smi le rr-ce the august per-sonage who occupied the throne of
t hat coun tr,..--a aedon of the proud and hauChty House of Braganza of Portugal , but
vh c had to a bdi cate some years afterwards when Brazil adopted 8. Repub lican form of
Government, which bae been r e tai ned up to the pr-esent, moment .
The Emperor Dam Pedro sa t 1n State und er 8. canopy beautifully decorated for
the cceaeton,
with the beat C!Ueic Brazilian euefcdene could produce , playing the
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,
national anthem, and the bands of the Ameri can, Engl1eh, French and
other
var-etupe taking their part in 'turn , The chief officers of state were t..ll8re, 8180
t
the repreeentatives of different natlonalltieB, and everybody e j.ee CrOll Prince to
begge'r ,
After a time there vae a lull in the mudc and JIl8n1fsstatlone of loyalty,
e'tc , , and 0011 Pedro's eyes vandered over the thousands of spectators, and alighted
on the stalwart figure of the "Captain of the Main-top", of t he Lencaeter-, Mr.
Dut;gan, and His Majest7 beckoned him, but, of course, Mr. Duggan neeer- , for a
moment, thou!:ht it \188 to him the honor vas done, and remained in his place in
the front rank of the spectators. The Emperor, eeefng t hat Hr. Duggan did not
move,
sent one of his attendants to request. him to come forvard 8:!1 His Majesty
viehed to speak to him , and Mr. Duggan, not the least bal!!hful, vent, towards the
Emperor, the cr-ovde making a paesege-vey for him , and at.ood before the Sove reign,
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feelin~ a l i t t l e uneasy, as public s.ffairs were be~inning to be somewhat compllcated
in the country even at thet time , and he vas not certain but some charge
might have bee n laid against him .
However, he determined not to show the white feather , _~ nd _s t o od_ ~p ma~uI~ _
before the Emperor, vaiting for His lI.aje~t,. to eddress hill. After inf>l)ectinC his ]
_ 8Plend~d phyedque , his sailor-like appearance \lith his neat end becoadng uniform
=-- ---~ d-~his d-~untie~~;- alr~,~ Hi; Majesty:-;addressed hit:ro, asking hill "whence he Ca:D.&;-hW -1
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long he
vee at sea, and hov long the Navy , etc.", end congratulating him on his
appearance the illustrious Prince of
the ancient dynasty of Braganza, then r eached
out his princely hand and wrmly shook that of the NevfoundIand se f j.craan, and
vhen the Emperor r-eIeased ¥J . Duggan 's hand, the latter found three or four gold
pdecee of Lar-ge denomination r e atinc in his palm .
Amongst other questions t he
Emperor asked him was, "how he liked the servlce"?--and it b rJf! firm bellef that
DOOl Pedro vee feeHng his \ley t o induce Mr. Ducgan to enter the se rv i ce in the

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Br az i l ian Navy, but Hr. Duggan \18. 9 not 8 man vh o would accept any inducement t o
do a dfsh oncrab'Ie act, a s he \las bound t o t he American Navy for throe years, and
all the j ewels 1n the Cr own of Brazil, and e ven the Crown itS'llf, ""ould not induce
him to accep t service under anot her flag .
The next
day , Mr. Wilson, an Englishma n , vho ve e editor a nd propriet or of a
paper published in the city of Rio J an eiro, caae out \11th t hree or f our ccjuana,
giving a full and detailed a ccount of the event, vhich wa s copied 1n the American
papers J
a nd the brave and adventurous Newf oundland seaman from the West End of st.
J ohn ' s becam e the hero of t he hour, and Ju stly 80, because, pe r ha ps never before
was such a n ho no r do ne t o a sai lor , more e specially in those days when the Kings
and Queens were not i mbued wi t h t hat spirit of democr-ac y as that by vhich they are
actuated t oday. To be selected from amongst fifty or sixt y t housand people, uneo.L,
icited, vould be sufficient to dr i ve t he enpfr-ent-a f or
mind, even in t he se days, when deaocracy i s t he order
tin-pot tibles out of their
of t he da y , and plays such
a prlY.1inent part i n t he ruling, of t he vorld, and vilLcan tinue t.~ do so untileoeet.tdng
else turns up .
Now i s the t ime f or t.hoee who er-e appoi nted t o 'Write up and t ranslll1t to
post e r i t y the de ed s of denn,", the heroiaa and
adventure- of NO\lfpundlande-r lt who
have taken such a prominent part in the Great "Ja r . It \lill be not.hfng shor t of a
cri me i f we neglect to do so , and to 8ccom:?llsh this t ask successful ly we must do
full justice t o our brave and f earle s s countr ymen .vhc asnned our Mercantil e Mar i ne
during this e ventful pe r iod , e nd vho vere the mea ns
of enabling our merchants and
bu sines s men
t o cond uct the trade of our country suc ce ssfu l l y , vhen it va s impossible
f or t hem t o procu r e outside assistance 1n t onn age t o c onvey our pr oducts t o
mar ke t i n t he great centres i n t he Hediterra nes n , Brazil and e j eevhere , in
de fiance of all t he Germa n subeer -fnee , r a i ders and pira tes vhf ch i nf e s te d tbe

I
vaters on both sides of Atlantic .
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I am not certain how many of our ships have
,
been torpedoed and sunk, but I should say this could be eas117 ascertained from
the r ec ords vhf ch are kept i n out CU13tOr:lS Department . But eve n t he se r ecor da
woul d not be suff icient. We must have details, and t he right way to go about i t ,
is to ascertain t.hoee details from our brave seamen in our mercantile ID8rine , who
vere parti cipators in t he se eve nts, and vho saffered untold hardships in playing
their part i n the trade of our country by carrying our products to market at the
r i sk of their live s and r e t urning vith the necessaries fo r home consumption. Many
of our brav e captains and creve have ha d t heir ve ssels torpedoed , a nd aea 1n r isked
their live s only to meet \lith the sarae experience, and others have bee n confined
i n German pri s on s for t welve months or Clore , subjected t o every indignity and
euffering, and only r -el ea aed a f ev veek e ago to r eturn to t he i r homes a nd f amilie s .
Amongst those I may mention Captain Durke and his erev, I t Le e Lec probable t ha t
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many of our ve seeIe vhfcb have been l os t during the past f our years ver-e the
vi ctims of the nefarious a nd blood-thirsty pr opa ganda of the German nav al
authorities of the Tirpltz and Capella ldnd, who caused t he indiscriminate
destruction of all l!Ihipplng f rom t he smallest fi shi:lg boa t to the ocean greyhound
and l eviat han Lualte.nia (May 7th., 1915, with 1906 paasenge r-e on board of which
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772 'Were saved) . Then t aking everything into consideration the history of t he . I
Great "'s r and the prounent part that Nevfoundland has taken i n i t canno t possibly
be a co r r e ct a nd complete compilation of f acts without all jU8t'i ce be i ng done t o
t he imperishable duds of da ring pe rformed by our Uevfoundland seamen in our
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Mercantile Marine . We have had experience enough i n the past, covering II period
of t hree hun dr ed yeer-e a a to vh at, a ssist a nce can be give n by r eferen ce t o the
recorde , Even our hiet.or-rea , eucb as they ar e , would be lit erery eke It.one i f we
wer-e not f ort i fied wi th the traditions whi ch beve been handed down f rOlll. gener-atdon
to generation by wor d of mout h . The n let us not depend whol ly upon tho r ecor da,
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vhfch arter all only infona us that such a vessel was torpedoed in the
Mediterranean, an d the Captain and crev ha d be en rescued and brought to MalaJ:'a
or elsewhere. This Le not sufficient, and 1s only a parrot explanation.. We
mtlet have details. and t.heee details must be obtained trOl'll the captains and
creve who 'Were the vlctlmt!l ot German brutality, and then in vritlng up the
history of the War in 'Which Newfoundlanders vere second to none, not alone viII
full justice be done to our iru:nortal Roral Ne1Jf'oundland Regiment, and the
heroism. and skill of our een in the Navy, but Justice viII be done to our vcr-Id-.
renowned sailors in our Mercantile Marine, who braved the storna of the Atlantic
at all eeascne of the 7ear, as \le11 as the piratical wrfara of the German Sea
Lords and their eubear-Inee and raiders to perform their part in enabling
Nevfoundland to carryon the t.rede \lith other countries and to which W9 may
attribute the pr-osper-cue condition of cO~;!1ercial life we have today, in compardeon
with mo~t of the other countries which have been in a state or cOlmerclal
et.egnatdon and semi-etarvatiQ...no._And this pr.~f1perou:'l state of a ffairs may be
attributed to the daring, hardihood and contempt of danger which has, from time
immemorial, been the chief characteristic of the Captain!! and crews of the
Nevfoundland Mercantile. JIIarlne. _
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THE FI SH EXPORT REGULATIONS
HON . W. B. GRIEVE SAYS THE WHOLE XUEME
I S UNWORKt.BLE AND SUICI DAL
Editor Daily Ne w:.'l: -
Sir _ The bye-eI e ct don having now be en de ter-af ned , I cannot 1n the f ollOW'i ng
observations be a c cu sed of having a politi cal ob j e ct i n submi tting my vlew:.'l wit h
regard to the New Sy stem that has been i ntroduce d which has for itfl object
an
end eavor to regulate exp or -t.e of codfish and maintain the ve Iue e of same 8 8 it is
conside r ed by some t hey should be.
On t he 20th. Nove mber a Pr-cc Ia mat.Lcn issued from t he Depar tment or Mar i ne
and Fisher i e s a nd was pub lish ed in t he Pres e of t.hd.e City_
Followin g this , three
l ett ers explanktory of same ver-e circu l ated and are numbered 1,2 an d 3 .
The se contained the inf orma t i on that a Lim.1ted COCIpa ny had been form ed under
Mr . Hawes of Allcante , a ssocdat.ed \li t h whom are !'!:essrs. Harve y & Co . , J ob Br-oe , ,
Bsd.rd, Limited , ' BOYI"inC Br oe , , The Monroe Export Oo , , an d Mr . George Bar r .
I e Hon , Mr. Ooake r- a Ls o a ss ociated vith this Company , vh oae
constitut ion
::.:.. --
formed part of an exhibi t i n the 18\1EUi t i n which Smith & Shipoan ver-e the
p18intiffs , and the Mi ni ster of l-tari ne & Fisheries the i!efend 8n t1
~ _ Shor t ly a fter the Proclamation \J/il, s_i ~~ue_d, _c a bl~ meeeage s ver-e sent to me
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in Londo n invi t i ng me to be come a member of t his Limi ted Cornpkny and c ome i n on
the ground floor. This I declined to do . Upon my arrival in st. J ohn 's at t he
end of tho ye ar I learnt t he details of the Procl amation by which t-he 10081
Cons orzio \lU I invested with pove r , state d briefly they amount; to this,
Let. , : No Codfish can be exported un t il a Lf cense ha s been obtained at the
Custom Hous e .
2nd. : That l i ce nse cont.aIna a a ongs t, other condi t i ons : (a ) Th.at the pr ices
at which a ca rgo or cargoes of fish have been sold rau nt be disclosed •
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(b) That the Exporte r must und ertake not to sell i n Portugal, Spain , I taly or
Brazil Im y C od f1 A ~ exce pt upon r -atee or conditions fixed by Mi nist er Coaker 'Wit h
the a s sistance of the Advisory Board .
(e) That any f i sh so ld for the Unite d Sta t e s , Clin&da or Engfend r:rnst not be reexported
from t .hese countries, and that t he vendor here Le responsible should any
parties t o vhom he sella be satien ee! to earn a good commis s ion on t heir purchases
by realizing them in our Europe an aar-kets , If a H o....ed t o ear n a good c OlJUollsslon
or profit t hey voukd naturally come an d buy furt her par cels, cr ea te competition
and stimulat e the realization of the DOIIlinlon 's
staple product.
(d ) That fish mus t not be con signed for sa l e . As I con sign t he gr eat e r portion
of my export of codfish t o Etlr ope, this part i cular ly affe cts me , en d I a m called
upon to ignor e bu siness relat i onships whi ch ha ve e xtended fo r .30,40 or 50 ye ars
and substi t ut e the good of' f'Lce a of Have a & Co., Lt d , , and of t he s ix gen t.Ieeen
vho fo rm the Company , an d 'Who , as far as I kacv , ar-e not ueep1;y i nterested in my
ve I f'are ,
Mr . Leonard Earle , in a n ad r.rlr ab l e let ter to t he Daily News , dated the 15th.
of J lI. nuliIr y, st ated t he posi t i on very concise ly. He ha d 15, 000 qu i nt a l s of fish,
on 'Which be coul d make the ver y hand s ome profit of ¢44 ,OOO , bu t it va s de mande ~ _of
him that he should a s k ~24 JOOO mor e an d bold his ca rgoes so as to ret urn him a
profit of %68,000. No sane man vcu'ld , in my opi nion , refuse to realize his
produce Rt the pr ice a nd pr of it offered to Messr s . Earle Son &: Co. But under
cove r of an Act which \lIl 8 paased during 'WIlr time t o pr event an y f ood sup plie s
gcd ng to enemy countries, but not to prevent busines s intercourse between friendly
netdone , i t is nO \l sought to i gn ore t he car-dfnaI principals of poUtleRl ec onoay
and to f ormulate a nev t he ory thkt pr ices are not depe ndent up on su ppl y and de mand.
If t hat course be pursue d, poo r old Ne vfound Ia nd will sit down in sack-cloth
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and ashes befor e it ha s reali:2:ed t he not inc onsidera ble stock of cod fish nov
held in the Dominion.
,
Just pr ior to t he de partur e of Hr .. noa ker-, it was published in the public
press tha t Mr. Have s , 'Who had reached Genoa , could ee Ll, 150 ,000 qt.Le , to ~he
Italian Ooneor-af o , but up to t he time of \ll'iting I
can only learn that s ome four
cargoes i n sa i ling ve s sels a nd ha l f of the 5 .5. Buckhannan 's cargo have been
disposed of..
I am nov given to understand, although I don 't credit it, that the ee Ie of
t.beae four and an half car-goes va s effecled at full cash on right discharge of
cargo, but I am not informed hov shor t ve dght, or inferior fish i s to be adjusted .
On the :31l'Jt . Dece mber- the arbitrary prices f or fi sh establishe d by the
Ministe r of Marine Rod Fd eber -Le e ver-e 90 S sh ore an d 85 5 Labredor-, The Trade va s
held up at these rates, but after the four
and a baH' cargoes or vhatever
quantit y vas sold by Hr . Haves had been c oncluded , the De par t me nt i s sued a
circular
on the 20th. of January sta t i ng tha t __n1t ha s been considered advisable
to low er t he prices f or It&ly : Shore in Casks 87 13 , 6 8 , Shorein bulk 84 8 , Labrador
in caeka SOS, Labrador 1n bulk 76 5 ,
6S rt •
NoY bear in mind th8t.. these price s bear a eocsdeedoo of :3 ~r unt.·t.o-Messra_­
Haves & Co . , Ltd., or 1n r ound figures are subj e ct t o a d ed uc tio~ of 21!l and 6 8 per
quintal
i n addition t o all t he usua L commissions vhach viII be ded ucge d by t he
I t alian buyers.
But the veak point of su ch a sale La th'tt by the circular of 31st. D~cember
the whol e Trade va s held, by that of
t he 20th. of January pr i ce s ver-e Lever-ed
a r ter Hr . Have s ha d place d vith the Corsorz i o 1n Genoa half of steamer Buckhannant e
and fo ur eaf.Hng ve ssel car-goes ,
In the earlier part of t his month I a ske d a mea ber- of t.he Executive why the

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Government bad permitted the Proclamation to be made, and his answer WIll' that
1t vas represe nted t ha t 1t va s the vish of the Tr ade t hlilt such a Ukase should
t
Le su e , an d 1n t hat bell"f an d f oun ded upon thll.t a s surance 1t va e sa nc tioned .
\o1h"t her i ntenti ona l ly or unintentionally made , tha t statement vae and 18 i ncorrec t .
If ve esti mate the t l:)t.1 exp ort of codfish in bulk f or t .he ee six firms · 3.t
300 ,000 t o 400 ,000 quintals , ",ha t beeoee e of Har r is, Buffett, Moul ton an d other
arge shtpper-e on the Western Shore , or Messrs. Hiclc:nan , Crosbi e , Goodridge and
other St. J oh.'lI S firms , and of McRa e , Rorke , Ryan , Ear-Le and ot her large Northern
expor t ers?
I am gi ven to und erstand that Messrs . Harris, Hol l ett and the Ma ryetown
Tr ading Company' B Europe an s hipm ents viII be equal 1n vo lum e t o the exp ort of the
six firms und e r agree ment \lith Hav es & Co., Lt d . ~ If this i s so, t.he n are the
expcr-t.e of six shippers , aggr-ega t dng 300 ,000 to 400 ,000 qu intals as a gai nst
three
veater-n shfpper-e (not to mention t \lelve to fifte en other exporter ~) vhc ae Trade
r epresents a n equa l or greater quantity, to be taken as varranting the six in
saying they r epresent the Trade?
Apeil king \lith an intimate knowl edge of Nevfoundland Trade extendi ng over
ha l f
a century , I have no hesihtion in s aying that this rece nt departure 1s suicida l ,
end \lill l ose u s the positi on vh f ch ve enjoy in ~onSUJJ\ine: markets by alienQt ln-g
good opdn fon a nd driving our friends of long stand i ng into the ar:ns of for eign
ccnpetit ors .-.
Fr ance , Great Bribin, Nervay, I ce land, Nova Scotia. a nd J ;l.pan viII un load and
profit. by our ec onoefc blunder a nd have empt y atore e , \lM l e our var-e-bousee viI!
be fu l l of a laree and deteriorating qmmtity of ol d fish vhfch ha d i t not been
cvet-he'ld vou'l d hav e gon e i nt o ccnsumpt.fon ,
I ha ve only one obj ect in \lriting t his letter, a nd t hat i s f rom my vlevp ol nt

- 5 -
to ehov vhat dangers are likely to £0110\1 in the vake of this dLk-coneddered
emb-argo vhkch has been placed upon the free trade of the Colony.
If that great
safety-valve Opsorto 1tl to be domna'ted by this Corrunittl!le , if Greece , It&ly and
ultimately S~ln are to be controlled by one sell er, wha t becomes of the other
fifteen to twenty shippers who have formed valuable foreign connections and vho
are r elegated to one receiver and
seller, a nd vhoee cargoes viII very probably
have no equ ality of sa l e?
Aga in, f or the sake of areu ment, Messrs. Haves & Oo, , Lt .d, ,
Bend annu ally
1,2~,OOO quintals of codfish, (leavi ng .lOO,ooo quintals for Brazil and West
Ind1e '"1!1 consumption) and at present prices t.he se are vor-th 1!18 pe r quinu.l fo r
cost, f r eight and insurance or Eo8Y tventy_t\lo million of dollars, to whom does
the com:dssion of 3 pe r cent, a moun t i ng to six hundr-ed and fifty thousand dollars
go ? I s it not reas onable to suppose th&t Hr . Haves vill be given this huge SUI1l.
a nnually?
Are the exp or-t er-s to Europe of S;jY eight or nino hund r ed thousand quiAt8b
to be called upon to hAnd OYer aga i nst their \li11 to t.~e 'Whoeentr-Ibute 8hi?­
aent. e of say 300 ,00 quintals a Ooeafeefon of 3 per cent, aggr e ga t i ng say
$480,000 a nnuall y 88 their contribution to....arde %650,000? Ag~ln , the Advi s or y
Board is l ar gely compos ed of units of the six who hav e come to ~n ag ree!llttnt \lith
Mr. Hawes and one of them is the Agent a nd purchaser of one
of the largest Brazil
buye rs . The Advisory Board has requested holders of fish to hand in a note of the
ebocke of fisb hold by them. If don e it is r easonable to expe ct that this buyer t s
principal, with a knov'ledge of \lhat each firm holds and of t he ageree:ate stock,
viII be i nfluence d 1n his bids for ca rgoes by this know'ledge aff ord ed him .
\.11t h regards to my O'WJl ahfpm ent.s i n the a ve r age of y~arl'l, five-:>1xths of
\llul.t I send to Eur-ope 1s consigned.

I
- 6 -
Why ehou'ld an a r bitrary aut hority c ompel me t o De l l
be f ore m.y ca r-goes
I
a r e despa t ch ed , or fa iling a s al e cons i gn t he:D to Mr. H.aves to t he prejudi ce of
't he se with whom I have been in the habit of doing bu s ines s f or half a cent ury?
There are other poi nte that might be ment i oned or e'labor-at.e d , such a e t he
i nva sion of t he Portugue s e marke t s or the naming of a lesser price to I taly
than is demanded from Spain and Greece.
The vhoke echeee is unworkable, and ther e can be but one result, and that
is-the reduction of coepetdtion and the Lover-Ing of t he value of codfish in this
narket to a price at which it cannot be produced-looking to. the high cost of
living and the extreme cost of ",11 ",rtlcles necessary for t ho prosecution of tho
fiflhery.
At the Annua l Meeting of the Boar d of Tr ud e , ye sterday, t he Chairman de prec-,
lilte d a full discussion of the foregoi ng, bu t int i m.ted t hat t he que sti on could be
acr-e ful ly gone int o at a special Meeting t o be held f or that purpose, and I look
f orward to this when a maj ority of exporters will be present to ventilate t his
most i mportant question .
I
I
I
I
I
St . John t s
January 28th. , 1920
Your obedient servant
w. B. Grieve
I
I
I
I

CATALINA ISLAND AT CALIFORNU
( By H. F . Shortti'l l HiAtoriogra pber l
vae very much interested when r eading an articl e i n the Harbor Grace
Standard, of II recent issue , about the purchase of t he above Island by \lrlg1e y,
the world_fa med manufac t urers of che wing gum, for the sum. of ¢4, OOO,OOO.
Wha t dr e v my parti cular a ttention t o t his was t vo of our citize n8 of St.
John ' s , Han . Donald Mori l!lon, an d Mr . W. A. Hunn r e cently visited the Island ..
feel cer t ain that the Even i ng Te l egram w111 be pleased
to gi ve i ta nuaercu e
reade r s at home a nd abroad II brief sk etch of th.at far-off Island vhfcb has so
l at ely con e into such pr-oraf nen ce , &8 t he name Cata lina is su ch a hou se-bold
word with u s. Alt hough ve have no I sland of that naae , still t he Fishermen ' s
Union have bee exp endi ng a very large a moun t of money on t he t.ovn of Catalina,
and have brought it into great prominence .
The I sland of Catalina is sd'tuat.ed thirty mi l oe:s off the coast of California
and a l arge pa s senger ste amer c ak e s the r oun d trip da i l y from the port of San
Pedro, vhfch i s one of t he pri nc ipa l
sea -ports on the California coast , and 1s
really the harbor f or t he great Ci ty of Los Angeles \lith its many subur ban t owns
an d gre at or-ange-gr-ovfn g distr ict . Ther e i s little v ender- that this I slAnd i s a
gre a t resort. f or tourists, .'Who bathe on.1ts s andy beac hes, ca t ch slotord:-fi.tlh and
other game leviathans i n i t s t ropi ca l 'Water s, play gol f on t he hill-slopes of
t he fa mou s Isl and , a s "'ell a s inspec t the submarine gardens in glass b08 t S. But
there is a most remark.a ble coinc idence wi th regard t o t his Island of Catalina and
the nomenclat ure of our own country, viz-t ha t t he only ha rbor on t h" I sland
[vhfcb Island i s abou t 25 miles l ong and eight rrl l es br oad) bas the t.lllillar na me
of Ava l on, and the entrance
to the harbor has a conical r oc k \lith our Yell-known
name of Sug ar Loaf .
Such a coincidence a s that is more than remar ka ble, a nd as Secretary of our

- 2 -
Historical Society, I
have been making a very close Inveatdgatdon to find out
how our Newfoundland sailors gav e those nallles to that distant Island, a s I feel
r
certain ~ three ~ did not coee together in the Pacific Ocea n by a c ci de nt.
I f ind that this Island of Catalina 'WaS first discove r ed by the Spaniards in
1534, and they named it San Sakvador-, I n the next century it i s named on the
charts Catalina , and although aoa e map s hav e it marked a s Santa Clltalina , i t
has
&1'.:&1 8 been known l oca lly 8s--Catalina.
Ther e is a t r&ditlon that it was the
r esort of buccan eers,
or a s the Spani ards called t h0 :38 hardy ol d South of Eng l and
ead I oz -e-pdz-at.e a ,
I
hav e be en l ooking up the recor ds of the earliest Eng l ish circumnanl za t i ons,
Sir Francis Drak e , W1111am Dampier, Lord Anson a nd others, a nd find that this 'Wa s
the very locality on the coast of California vhere these famous Sailors wylaid
the Spanish galleons on th",i r 'Way fro.~ Ma."1ila a nd the Spice Islands of t he Pacific
vith their va luab l e cargoes of' silver and
silks, e t.c , , etc , , very of'ten vit h
millions of dollars. These galleons wer e etev sailers, vith large c r ews , and they
made ror San Ped ro. 'Which vas their nearest port. a s af'ter a l ong voyage across
the Pacific Oce an they 'Wer e alway s badly in need of f r esh vater and mdtab l e
veget a bl e f ood s to assist i n prev enting or
conquer i ng t he r-ava ge s of scurvy 'Which
'Was such a~ t rouble to those old navfgat.ot-e ,
Si r Fr ancis Drake a nn William Dampi e r , a s well a s ot he r
f'a mou s buccan e ers,
kn ev to a month when those galleons vere expe cted a t
San Ped ro, and t her e f ore they
quietly wai ted a t the LaLend of Catalina , off the harbor , f or the arriva l of the
treasure ships, when they pounced on them .
Resistance vas us e l ess when men of
this stamp were in char-ge-s-een 'Who bad
no hesitation in attlil cking the City of
Cadiz and "Singeing the beard of the King of Spain himse lf'll , a s our histor i es t ell
us . Tho s e old English sailors had learne d their navigation a nd experience on

- 3 -
their yearly visit:J to Newfoundland in se arch of the sportive codfish, and
t her e f or e there Is no tping remar kabl e that t hey shoul d r echri sten these places
in the Pa cific by t he familiar Nevfoun d.Iand names . As proof of t his I need only
state that Dampi er in his bi ography t ells us t hat he spent a :rear fi 8hin~ in
Newfoundl an d , but ovdng to his p.,ing "pfncbed" by the c ol d cliAat e he s ought his
fortune in more southern lati tude s . Traditions i n Carbonear are ha nde d dO\m to
this very day , pointing out the l ocalit y vhere Dampi er
ha d his f ishing stage,
vhich va s j u s t vbe r-e the McClI.r thy Hot e l stood previous to the r~ ce n t tire . This
a gain i s not remar kable, for Dampier
was a ce l ebr ated /man in hi s day , and like
Homer every place wi sh ed to shov the i r c I c se c onne ction \li th him.
n conclusion , our name Catalina va s certainl y de r ived from t he old Spanish
safLor -s vho frequent e d our coast over f our hund r ed ye ars ago. Th e na me !Y!.!.Q!l
is pure English ,
or rather in Welsh myt hology, f rOlll vhfch it va s der-Lved-c-and
e ee ne a Heav en ly Kingdom , an d va s afterwards "an earthly paradise " i n the We st ern
Seas . The r e vere Uni versity men and Scho l ars among t he old English adventurers
an d r ove r s, a nd this vas no doubt t ho r-ea son t hat t his classical name va s first
gi ven t o t he princ i pal pen insula in the I sland of Ne wf ound la nd an d afterwards to
~ll~ .~rbor i~n the_j.J~t~nt ~ .! sl~ !!

TIlE ROYAL nWOUllDLAlID REX;IHENT
RF.MIllIf>cENCES OF THE GREAT liAR.
I § \IlIICH IT TOOK SUCH A PROHIIlEllT PART
mA: - By One Who 'Wa s Thl!re-1917.
No. 3A.J1.!llce Corporal John J . RY!!l~
We have much pleasure in presenting-the ralloving graphic description from
the pen
of La . Corp.L, John J. Ryan or St. John t e , vho was one of the very first
to answer- the call of arms 1n the cause of Liberty and Humanity, as 'Well as in
defence of Ki ng and countr-y,
Lance Corporal Ryan is one of 'those heroes made up
of that stern stuff " whi ch seeks the bubble reputation even at the cannonIS
mouth" , so beautifully described by the immortal Bard of Avon-William Shakespeare .
In the Royal Newfoundland Regiment, familiarly known as the " B'Iue Puttees" ,
Lance Corporal Ryan va s No . 33 of the First 500 , and a l t houg h he followed the
fortunes of th~ Regiment for over tw-o years, one would never suppose that a youth
of 17 years at: ag e would ha ve un dergone such terribl e expe r -fence s , an d at the (lame
time treat them as if they wer e affairs of e ver yda y lif e. Brave be has proven him -
s elf to be I
her-ode he undoubted ly is, because his commanding officers quickly
recognized these facts , i n proof of which he was promoted to t.he f i e l d of battle,
performed.
And yet. , 'When s pe a ki ng of t hos e historic event s, the most memorable i n
the history of the world, i t i s only by using t he gr -eat .est; caution and t aking him
off his gua r d that one
i s enable d t o elicit from him a reference 't o himself, an d
in t hat 'We admire his una aeumfng di spos i t i on and natural modesty, ' whj.ch are and
have always be en , ch aracteri stic of a br-ave man a nd a Br-Ltd sh Soldier,
which have
been t he means of pl anting the f lag of Gr oa t
nritain in every por t i on of the world
a nd mai ntai ning i t there no mat ter vhat. e nemy may endeavor t o pull it down. Th i s
i s only na tural, thi s l ove of danger- 00\1 advent ur-e i n our yo ung count r y men, ond
he , vi t.h his. coar-ade s in t his t.er-r db.le Horld War , have only I'o'l Lovcd up the hi story
~ - ,r:;- ~~ -;J'"ff/ .-~./ I0l-po9)
~ / u., /:.-~

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of our ancestors , who , i n the sixtie s of the past century 'ru shed to t he assista
nce of the Fed eral Arr.r end Ijavy during the Amer i ca n Civil Wer, vh en over two
thousand f'Lsher-men-esd Ior- n of Nevfcund kend wer-e to be found in the Nor-thern Navy
a lone f i ght i ng in defence of Liberty and the pr-eser-vatdon of the Union . Away
beck in Napoleonic vare ve had that br ave s oldier, Si r Henry Pynn , of Bristol's
Hope, l eaving t he shores of his hatdve land to cont end against t he Idtherto nes t
invincible ermfes i n var- the 'World has ever produced , l ed by mightiest gen du s of
ancient or moder n tdmea-c-Napo keon-c-and by his bravery and i nherent contempt for
dcn ger-, migh t cd upon t he f ield of bat.tI e , gdven char-ge of the Por tuguese t r oop s "
vhoe he trained fr-om a r abble ((li('h~ar tened by repeated dereat.s) i nto en army
t.hnt, not alone withstood the at.t.acks of the l ee i ::ms o~ the gr ea t conq ueror, but
in many Lnst.en ce s su ccessfully r e pulsed and de feated t.hem,
For his grea t abilit y
Ln or -ga nf aa t.Lon , tr:linin:; of his r -ev r ecrui ts, his r-en ovned cilit ery tactics a nd
pcr-eonaL her-odsm, he was ap pointed Gover-nor- of 'th e I'aaous city of YcI enc.la , In
Spakn, end had a Ls o nan y hon er-a conferred on him b~' a gr-at .efu .L country and
pa t.r-Iot.Lc ::1n:; . J..nr! yet 1:0'01 lit tle ve :nOY of the de taf Le in th'e life of t h.i ~
t rul:r br-eve man an d pa tr- Jot i c Nevf cund'la nder-I Simply not .hf ng , except vha t i s
han ded dow by tradition ~ ._~ pa~siD.&-~eference t hat t h::e lJ8. s ~~ch a man, .dn

- 3 -
Office , but this 1s not good e nough for the hiEltorian of tbe future to do
justice t o the glorious career of" our immortal Regiment . We require details,
(
and t o get at the facts ve must have them f rom those heroes who participated In
the great st r ugg l e , who 'Jere f or t un ate e nou gh to survive and
ful ly' q ualified to
give their pers onal experience dur ing t he ca mped gn , and thus wi l l be pr eserved the
meMory of the hundreds of our counta-ymen of the Roya l Ne wfoundland Re gi ment , vh o
vere of ficially a cknovkedg ed by the Oommender'-dn-Cbdef", Sir Douglas Ralg to be
IlBett er t han the Best " .
-~~~ e:;-or por a l- ~y~~~ se rv ; s th;-th8nks~ ~f - hi~ ~ountr; -inhi; ende ;~o; t~
perpet ua t e the glorious car eer
of the Newfound land Regiment, a s 'We l l a s to de scr-Ibe
their ver-rcus movements, their victories end reve r se s, the i ndividual brav ery and
e scapes of his comrades in Egypt, Gaillpoli, Flanders, Pr-anc e an d eve ry other
por tion of the sce ne of tolar i n whic h they took such a pror:dnent and historic a
part. Ther e are sccre s of our heroes vho can do \.that Ience -Corpor-eI Ry&D i s no v
doing, 'JI'iting up their experience s a nd recd ni s ce nce s connected \lith the glorious
care er of t heir Regiment. Each one viII hav e eome'thfng to r e l ate that his
c omrade s have e i t her f orgo tten or kncv not hi ng about, a nd if such a ccur-se i s
pursued 'We shall have enough material, not alone to suppl y the hist orian of the
future with suff icie nt faot s t o make ... very large c okume, but suffi cient t o run
i nto mllny volumes, an d t hus tra nandt to post erity for all time a complete a nd
r eliable a oc oun t of t he great deeds of the Ne wfoundland Regim ent, \lI"i t ten an d
handed do w froo. proof indi~table by those vho ver-e ther e and t ook an a ctive pa r t
in great battles in which the Nevfoun dIand Regiment eo distinguish ed itself as t o
become the mos t t alke d of, t he most writun a bout an d the most highly honored
Regiment in t he grea t Brit ish Army , and 'these statement s a r e fully borne out by
t he i"act
t hat His Majesty King George V baa be en pleased t o confer up on t he
Regiment the title of "Royal" in rec ognit i on of their heroi c ser-v dce e ,

- 4-
In further proof of our a s se r t i on Hie: Majesty has also be en
pleased to redse
our country to the posit.lon of a Dominion, and thus we rank with Canada , Australia ,
(
and New zea I e nd , and a l l those honor-s are the outcome of tho he r oic co nduct, t ho
invincible va l or end the brilliant patriotism displayed by our immortal Reglm-ent
on tho fiel d of battle and un der the eye s of the great Commander_l n-Chie f , Sir
Douglas Haig. Nor 1 s Gr ea t Britsin alone 1n reco gnizing t he her-of sra an d valor of
our brave boys--our Ne wfoundland so ldiers. Italy, France and Russia hav e also
be stowed honors upon individual members of the Regiment by avar- ddng them medals
for valor and publicly " acknov'ledgdng their worth In the official not ices issued
by t heir respect i ve War Offices, 85 ve Lk as published through the pr e ee of 'these
-e oun t .rde e ,
To return to tl:e active part that our YO\L'1g hero, Lanc e Corporal Ryan , took
i n the 'War . We shall give a brief ske t ch or synopsde of his ·ca r e er , a nd the n
aj.Iov hi :n to speak f or himself, and t ell 'the story of the N ~ \lfound h. nd R ~gimen t
in his own \lay and in hi" own vor-de , because , a f ter
&11 , no pers on Le be t ter
qua lifl ~d t o deecrdbe events than the person who &ctively par t icipated i n t hen,
an d Lance CarpI Ryan , being an ex-pupi l
of St. Pat.rdck! s Hall Christ i an Brothers'
Scho ols, i s 'Well able t o do so , although t his i s his first
attempt, and ne ver ha d
any Regiment greate r t rouble to storm. a German t r ench t han ve had i n indu c i ng our
young hero to give his fellow-countrymen a t rue an d inter esting eket.c h of t he
deeds and adverrture a of the Nevfcund.land Regfmerrt, of which he vas one of the
first to Join up.
Briefly, Lance-Corporal Ryan vee bor n i n st. John ' s , an d being descend e d
from a race of fisherm en a nd £eal- Jd ller s , i t came na t ural t o him t o t r y his hand
a t ehootdng a nd batting Germans, Just a s his an ce stors shot a nd batted old hoods
and harps in t he ne ighborhood of t he Funke or W'&dhams in ye ars gon e by .
Aft er
leav i ng St. Patrick- e Schools he e nter e d the Anelo-American Telegraph Com;>llny's

Off ice 1n this city, and
- 5 -
va s becomf ng a first-class operator when the call to arm:1
resound through out t he Country.
Although only 17 years of age, he looked 21, and
(
we rather think he said &0 1 a nyhow, he vas ac ce pted, and was amongs t the f i r st to
don the khaki and shoulder a musket-his number being 38 on the r ole.
He va e very
ne ar be ing amongst t he first half-dozen to joi n.
He served 'thr-ough t he Ga l lipol!
campaign, an d wa s 'Wounde d on November 11th., 1915, in the r i ght ar m and l ef t
knee
by ehr-apne L, He entered Hos pi t a l Feby , 21st. , an d lef t Ayr a ga in for Fr ance,
April 11t h., 1916. He t ook part i n the t erribl e and memorabl e battle of July Le't ,
::-...::;.;..:::...:..-~ ---=:"----.::...
at Beaumont llilmel , -: :-; r:;nt -';ith--t;;-ifegf;; n-t a t....:-t i:i=e·'E~ftles- of Ypres,Flere,-':· .~
Guedecourt and Ginchy, and numer ou s skirmishes. He took part i n t he Oct obe r 12th.
fight . Woun de d at Gincby' Nove mber 30th., 191 6, by shot s i n r i ght vri st an d thigh .
Arrived in England Dec ember 7th., 191 6. Reported at Barry Depot July 4th . , 1917,
and arrived back i n St . John I e Auetlst 4th• . Having mace these pr eliminary r emarks
to show to those who CODe af ter u s t he stand ing of the young soldier an d the f ull
confide nce t ha t is t o be place d i n his statements, which at a glance can be seen
are t hose of a brave man, ve shal l nov take up the interesting a ccoun t of t he
Newfoundland Regim en t from t he firs t day of i t s formation unti l Lance-CorpL, Ryan
vae knocked out of the ranks by German shot s, and j ud ging from. eppeer-ence a, incapacitated
f or t he fut ure in having the privi l eg e of returni ng the Huns the compllnebt
of sending amongst t hem t he contents of his rifl." whi ch he so often did
before.
And now the LAnc e-C orpor al viII t ell his own stor y , and i t viII be noticed
that he s peaks of his ow
personal experience s, and mor e e t.;Jecially of his woun ds
and sufferings, in such a manner t ha t one not acquainted with him would imag i ne
t ha t he \188 only on a trouting expe di tion to Cochrane or FRnnyl s Pond , an d that
his woun ds were receive d by acciden tally u pping his 'thuab wit h a t oy ha mmer in

- 6 -
dr iving horne a tin tack, Lnebead of being an active Rod he roic participator 1n
,
the greatest var- 1n the history of mankind , in which the Newfoundland Regi me nt
t ook such a procinent end glorious a part, which has for ever i m:nortallzed its
name.
The st~ry is well told and maybe taken for a historic i s sue of f acts.
H. F . Shortio
Pl e;asa ntv!lle
Pleasantvi lle days nee d no deecription t o those of my rea ders 'Who ha ve be en
t here and ha~e see n --for~ ~ th~ta-s~lve l!f -thft ; joy.. --.nd~ ~ta1l9~~ ~dv enture gl eaming .1,,0
the e:yes of Terra Nova I e First Contingent. Th&t t heir hea rts ver e Dot overburden -
ed ~ldth-"Patri'Otler.\ , .I readily grant, but every man of them va e t here i n en sver- t o
Br i t ai n ' 8 outstretched hand of appeal , and they ver-e a l l villing to stand on the
battlefields and he l p to t.hrov back the invade r f rom the l ands he had desecrated .
Speaking fo r myself, the ve ry eent.Lon of the var- seemed to t.hrov a sp e l l
of
ma~ne ti 6lIl upon me , and I could not r esist t he lure of adv en'tur-e , Enlist ment,
attestation and medical exa mfnat done -c-t.h e pr-eH mdnar-Le a of
soldier making , vere
important procee dings to those, vho 'Were not good for t ell ing "fibs" , and whose
year s on eart h vere not quite sufficient to ailo,", Q poed t don i n Hia Majesty t s Army.
I found i t quite an easy mQtter to Bay that I we t 'Wenty: I hope to be forgiven
for that much .
In describing our ear ly training, Major Fr Qnklin l e e f f or t s t o harden u s are
quite \lor t hy of remembr ance. At six o'clock eve r y morning he had u s l ined bot h
sides of the r iver (Qui d1 Vi di) for a dip, all
shirts of f, regardless of 'te mpez-ab-,
ur-e ,
Our marc hing distances were increased dai ly, and hill climbi ng became a
e:peci elity. The rifles seemed to lose their vei ght a s t inle advance d, end the big
boote also were f eel i nt:: l i ghter.

- 7 -
The food problem pr-esented no difficulties, the eubaar-fne campa Lgn hadn't
quite dev eloped i t s elf then. Plen ty of stuff--tubs of jam and beane ,
We had a ca nteen , but it was dry; nevertheless, the lemonade was no t
spared
after a l ong r oute march .
I am not sure that the pe ople of St. J ohn' e quite realize d that we were
eokdder-e pr eparing t o take an act ive par t 1n t he great uphea val. They seemed to
look up on u s \lith the s ame curi osit y an d wonderment
as t he y ....oul d on a party of
Brigade BO'y8 J but vhen the ne ws vas sp r ead of our intend ed departure Overseae ,
"'== op1n i on ~ ,opt imi st l c- a nd othenrlse , ":- were .f reely give n , and t he pub}';c ~ ri~l oajoh
to l et us go . No doubt many had pictured 1n their imagination great battl es
. wh.!r e _the~e ad and dying S008 of ~ ewfaund 1Jlnd were numerous; but i n our exci te-
---~-- -- - -~-- - -----
ment the future gav e us littl e thought .
Our Kit and equipment lacked completion, but all were l ooki ng f orward to
eometbfng better in Eng.Iand , and our appe ar -a nce wasn ' t going to mar our happdneaa-,
ve had quite made up our minds on t ha t point .
On t he af ternoon of Oct obe r
3rd . , 191 4, the "Blul'l Puttees" marched away f ro:tl
the i r ha ppy l i t t le home in Pleasantville to board the S .S . "Florizel" . Great
cr owds of pe opl e blocked t he way, and it was with much difficult y 'We got through
to the shfp,
It Was then I knew the city had realize d that we were real ly
601di er s . On the night of Oct obe r 4th., mi d t he bl oving of eyrene lind ringing of
belle, our anc hors ver-e lifted lind 'We sail ed forth on the great adve nt ure.
The f ollowing day lit
noon the Canadian Contingent wa s afght.ed on t he horizon.
Our ship pr oved to be t he smallest of the bunch, but you know the ol d saying-
"There IS good stuff i n smal l parcels" . I suppos e i t is too late now to compl ai n
about t he t r eatment a ccorde d us on our t rip a cr os s , but here is an outline : The
atevar-de 'Were selling us pies for a dollar e a ch, a pple s seventy cents a doz en , Rod
j am vater- t en cents a g.la es , How does that strike you , honest city folk ~ The
cigarette and apple issues kept us smiling in spd t.e of the r ot ten food we were

_ 8 _
getting, and the one or t wo concerts made us quite forget It all .
The sea was calm lind t he sky cI ea r- during our whole t rip, and on the 15th.
(
we sighted l and on our " port bow" . Just befor e sundown t.hat. historic old lighthouse--the
Eddystone_wa s passed as we were B.IiI l l1ng in t.ovar-da Plymou t h Harbor .
Five days were s pent at a nc hor here before l anding . On the afternoon of the 20th . ,
5mal l boats ver-e mobi lized t o take us a shore. Marching t hrough Devenpor-t, to
Plymouth, ve res ted at the ba r rack of a Devonshire Reg iment which bad gone to
France; a fair dis;r i bution of bi~cuit s and chee se, va shed down by a mug of hot
t ea , and \018 were
07f again f o; -t he Ral;;a;statlon. ~ ecd or- of our Puttees an d
the absence of ca p badges vere much talked of I n conv ersationa l groups s bndi ng
ar ound the platform3 . - Gl ad eyes, caadfea, cf garet.t e a, et. c , ,
shover -ed on u s by t he
"geLe" were quite acceptable, and we were
t reated like little gods at ever y stat i on
ve stopped . Of course, we ver-e Canaddane t o al l those peopl e . The maj ority of
them, though f a i rly well pl ac ed i n geogr-aphy, bad r-emember-e d l i ttle or nothing of
Newfoundl and .
Exeter , perha ps the f ines t town on this line, boe ete of a spl end id ol d
historic Ca t hedral, that r anks as one of the be s t in Eng Iand ,
At Patney Junction we l eft the t rai n and star-t ed our march towards t he camp .
Five mi l e s of r oads, bogs, and field s and we r-ea ched our dest i nation in the "vee
eu n hours of t he mor -ndng'" , After finishing a dixie of skill ey , blankets were
Lesu ed and I slept my firs t aI eep on t he so i l of Ol d England .
The buglers were at i t
good and early t he next day , but ol d Hcrpheua and I
vere f ast friend s until nine O' clock. The su n vas shining down on our ca mping
grounds when I t.hrev ba ck t he f lap of my t en t a nd st ar t ed to look f or a conv enient
veeh pl a ce to get th~ sl eep out of my eyes.
And BO t his 1s Sa Id ebur -y P lain ~ Well , of lil.ll the God-forsaken spots t hi s

- 9 -
e:ure1y mu:;t lake first pk ec e ,
Clumps of wood lind field:'! wer e the only objects
visible for many miles . Our Commandfng Officer vae p'lea s ed , I am sure , a t the
sight of such fine training grounds .
Ross rifles ..nd 'Webb equipment ( then kn own t o U5 Sf: l· : on~:e;:r t e Fu a zI e u] .....ere
issued to I; .C . 0. t S an d men , and so, wi th a complete outfit, ve ve r -e ready for s.ny
i nqui sitive v deft.or-e who mig ht chance t o ccae e Long , And t hey did c omet One of
the f irRt vee Lord Robe rts, a nd ve st ood i t for t wenty minutes. lrf1lat Lord Bobe
ea Id or did nobody kn ows J ex ce pt that he got out of his CQr and back i nlo it
_: .ga1~ .rlehty qU1ck; :~ .:;;c;~c.: °_ :-;~~ , 0-",",0 ~- ,~: 0: 0 -'--'-". =~. ~ o
A Jl,ajor,
named Craie. vee putting us through it for a time , but one morning
a little f un ny old ' U eut -Col one l va I ke d into our camp and inqui r ed for
the office r
commanding . On be~g introouced to Haj or Craig , he 4a eked him if he ';e r e th~ ·C· .-o-. - - -
The Maj or 5nswe:r:ed in the a f f i r na t ive , but the old Colonel
pollt ol y informed him
that he W B not, and he t ook over the co mmand f rom that date .
Colone l De Burton , f or such wa s the intruder , had t .he ap pe arance of a
sol die r chc had been t hrough mli.ny a campaign . I think he vas mentioned in
de spa t.che e i n South Africa , and vcre a line of service r i bbo ns. After seve rn 1
mar ches the old Colonel s oon found 'Jut t he go od s t uff the b07 S 'Were mad e of, and
ve cou ld outmarch any regiment on tho Pdad ne in those da y s . 1l.r.d then the King
came j 'We bad t\ienty-four hou r -s to pr-epar-e f or him, but, nest, of the boy s pr-efer-r-ed
passes to t.cvn than t o be shinine buttons f or the King .
We have no ddea a s
t o wlult C1i r ec t ion the t ow lay in, but immediately after
dinner 'We mobi lized and s t arted
off to hunt f or it. \Ie f oun d a good. friend in a
t.xl dr i ve r , 'Who we looking f or a f a r e , an d ou r difficulti es ver-e en de d.
a fine old Eng l ir;h town, very pretty a nd historic, vas f ound to be quite an
Devi2ea,
idea l
spot for the " boys". The wine I'Loved , t he money f l c v , and our epf.r-ft.a e Leo

- 10 -
15d led away before r -eechf ng back to ca mp that nieht.
A bie hea d in t.he morning
w e uEUal l y the out come of a perfect evening, but there wa s little u se
of
cODlplaining of such an ailment to the M.O.
The wet canteen 'Was usually well
pct r onized, and
when a heavy v f nd bjev it dovn there was "Weeping Rod wailing and
gna llhing of teeth" .
The first division of Canadd ans and Newfoundland Regi ment , the vho j ,e in command
of Br -fgadde r- General Allison, marched to West somewhere to await the arrival
of Royal'lj-. ~ ~~t sa~ that were puDctual. because we vero ge t t i ng r -eady to go
beck home eb en they di d arrive . The King a nd Queen, Lords Kilchener an d Rober-t,e,
accompanied by many other note b'le e , held a hasty i n spect i on of a l l r anks; Hi s
l-t:lj e s t y cave a short spe ech , welcomed the cO!ltingent ~o-~lan d , an d then bid us
f are veId,
Our nights at Pond For m ....ere paeeed very p'lea sa rrt Iy , The Y.M.C .A. bu t,
clai med most of t he Third Brigade , and many happy hours were s pen t ther e .
The Pr dnce as Patr i ci a ' s Cenadian Li ght
Infllntry, vhc were mostly old Sout h
Afri can lIVets" , ....as the first regiment to get or ders fo r active service . They ....ent
t o Franc e , and r e ce i ved many a "cutting Up"
before uny of t .he old battalions had
f i nishe d their training .
Our Camp at Pond Ferm , being i n a way
dtvf et .on , ....e broke up , ....ent to Bu star d and
i solated from the mai n part of the
settled down in the line s left va cant
by the P .P .C. L. I . Things ....ere full of life her e more so than at Pond FiirID; pl en t y
of cant eens and I .M.C. A. hut.s , e l sa a moving picture show.
Our hardships be gan
here in the form of mud, f rost and r a i n . Revlelle being s ounded a t six, we wer e
a l l obliged t o eet out on parade i n t he inky bka ckne as of t he mor ni ng . It was not
ne ce ssary to fold your blanket!!, j ust stand thee up a gad nat, the t ent pol e end let
them thaw. Pandemordura r eigned in camp at thiEi hour: one chap, with ", candl e in

-11 -
his hand , eveer -e nwdly for his l oat boot , anct.het- compliment s you f or standing on
his toes, tho Orderly Ser-geant, keep s binding officloual y t hrough the flap of yoor
tent, "Come on, show a ,leg"l Then somebody unknown buri es hi s hee d 1n Ii b'l anket ,
ceuedng qui t e a lot of unp l ea sant ness . You need a hea d In a place like t oot . A
few hour-a mud trotting and ve all vou'l d feel equal to a good br e8kfast , unnece se-,
ary to state that we usufillly received a good one.
At Lark Hl 11 , a ffOV miles from Bustard , Cana di an Engdn eer-s were busily engag-,
ed 1n building \linter Imts for the troops; Newfoundland was well represented here
~= b.L s:ix~y-~~~n~~; i-vit?~_~h:~ tlki B .od .~~p~o!i~i r;e d ) •.~ J =:;:~..:-~;:: ..;.., _; ..... ~~_
Tho mud at Lar-k Hi l l was far wor se than at an y ot her place , and it vas next
to impo ssible to crORS a r-oad unless y ou had a pair of II encv sh oe s" .
\le 'Were no t sorr y when the neve came of our i ntended t.r-anafer- to For t George ,
IIaway up in the Hfe Iande't ,
An advance guar-d of b ..enby-f'Lve menj mye eIf included, and
with Capt . OIBr i en 1n cOmUlQnd, left the Pl ain ~ one day ahead of the battalion t o
get t hings ready at the Fort. Fi f t een mil e s on a Canadi an Motor Lorry , e'tandtng
all the time, was no joy ride, and I
va e jolly gl ad vhen Salisbury Ci t y WQS
reached and we vere ebke to se t.t.Le dow 1n t he co sy cabins of a train on t he
LOndon and South-Wer;tern RQil'AY . The L. & S .W. Ry , we built for comfort, and we
enjoyed "Jil.ll 'that," on our t hree - hour run to London . nine O' Cl ock we landed at
Waterloo Stat1on, then tJil.k1ng t he "underground" f or King l s Cro ss.
Our appearance
of bot h of t.he se pl ac e s ca u sed an unusual amount of curiosity, as we carried \lith
u s the muddy tc-ade mark of t he Pl ains.
Neverthelees we su cce eded In get ting
through all right, and
a few minutes later we 'Were quietly enjoying tea in a nearby
restaurant.
At eleven ve left Kin g' s Cross Stat ion and 'Went speed Northward on our 811-
night trip through Eng.land ,
At five in the morning ve r-eached NewC8stle-on-Tynej

- 12 -
lind we hour-s Later , t he Waverly Station, Edinburgh. Perth \1IlS pr epar i ng for U ~,
and ho t t ea a nd buns we r e s e rv ed by t he ladies on the plll.tfor m--an act of kindness
,
WCl heartily t ha nked t hem f or .
We changed trains her e for the Hig hland Rdlway to I nserness , arriving the r e
late in t he af ternoon. Anothl!r c hange of cars and -':0 pulled i nt o Fort Geo rge
Sbtion' at sunset . And 80 it happened that in t he midd l e of Dec ember , 1914, ve
sighted t he valls of t he good old Fort for t he fir5t time. Hov ha ppy A a nd B
Compani es were ins i de those \lQlle can be better inul.gined 'than de scribed . We had
IE • - - -,.,...,...---
ClTerythitlr:; at ~ finger tips t .her-e-c-canteens , gymn.s1UDl~ . reading a nd 'WI'i t ing
room, con ce r t ha l l , barber shop, stat ioner, shoemak e r , co al dea l e r , an d everything
necessary to mak e it a mi nbt ure city . The f ",i r sex ver-e cons picuou s by their
ab sence , but, never t hele ss, ve ahlay s succeeded i n finding a lonely one now and
then .
Our Bar r ack Room boasted of e i ght me n , mysel f included. Just t hi nk , hov we
are scat.ter -ed t odayt 11cllor vas kill ed i n July, Tuff di ed of woun ds, a ye ar l ater,
Kane is missing , Small and Stick are stil l fightin~ , ClUlrchill and I arc be ck in
the home town, an d Christ opher ha s gone back a gaioo-·to help kee p Cons cr i pt ion at
II Arms length" .
Christmas ca me an d vent wi t hout anything hap pening . The Scott i es ver-e vaiti ng
for the Nev Year t o ce Iebrat e yand , you be t, they did i t in sty l e . I ve nt, to bed
early the last day of the year, but , great gun sl I did not kno w t he cr-ovd I was
akeepfng with. At midnight my be d and I go t mixed s cmehov , and I ws r-udeIy
acquaint ed of the fact th:it the For t was in flames. Out sdde 1n the equa r -e, ban ds,
pipers a nd buglers, making an awful din, bi d 'Welco me to 191 5.
Private J&ck Chaplin saw no r heard nothing of t hose r ejoicing:!!,. for that
morning he gav e hi s yating life on II. bkoddI e ee ba t tle field that others might live.
His deat.h va s caused by s ickness co nt .r-act ed
on ::' .al1r;bur y Plain:!! .
Two da y s later

- 13 -
ve buried him vft b f ull ml11 tQry honors 1n t he little churchyard of Arde61e r ,
lind he stil l lie:!! A\iQY ove r there i n the Hjg hh mds of Scot.Land a n everlas t ing
I
mcmarh! to our little Reg i ment .
'We f ound man y f'r-Iend s I n t he 3rd. Ba t ta H on of Sea f 'ut.h Hfg b'lender-s , ....ho , by
t he way, were our ne xt-door ned.ghbor-s , Yhe never '" mjsichn chanced to come our
\lay he was always given Iil. right
r oyal veIeoee , an d so, when ve found a Seafuth
who was master of 8 harm onium, our Ba r r ack Room do or opened wid e to receive him .
MilDy happy hours were s pen t listening to our guests I ver y delightfu l collect ion
of master-pi e ce s .
Our training at the For t ..ras quite iii contr ast h i comparison to the Plains ;
ve had a se co nd J1uske t r y Course lind I did f a ir ' shooting .
Nea r- the Ci ty of Invernes s i nc idents ha ve taken place tha t filled m8ny pages
in histor y .
The ' feta cu a ba t t l e of Culloden, in whi c h the English under t he Duke
of Cumberl and ,
def'eat.ed the Scotti s h froces in t he i r last fight f or f reedom, had
taken pla ce here just til. f e.., mil es froc. the t ow.
It va s on a Sunday after-noon
that we were invited to DaLcroae Castle.
Si r ....m, McKinn on did his very best to
e nt er t ai n ue , He explained t ha t it was in that s ame ca st. Le the Eng l ish Sb .r f
sl e pt the night befor-e the great battle . Inside the four walls of this edifice
hundreds of little odds an d en ds po s se s sing history ver-e t o be
seen.
Our piequet duty a~ For t George included se nt r i es f or the Seep.Lane Hangers
on the shor- e s of the Moray Fi r t h .
¥,any amu edn g dn cddent.s have happened in and
ar-ound those sheds that if told would 1118ke an optimist smil e .
One afternoon i n Januway we marched around by the sea and halted on the
be ach a mile froo our Ber -racka ,
It va s a ve ry mild day and the w...ter ha d lost
quite a bit of ....inte r temp erature. The Colonel suggested a pa ddle to any of the
boys who vfehed t o go, bu t going an inch va s taking a f oot, an d a feY minutes

- 14 -
later the cr-ovd ver-e svimmlng . The C.O . 's face va s • e'tudy, He was never more
eurprised to s ee a Regim en t in ve t e r- at that eeaeon ,
The peopl e of I:sirri. a nd Inverness shoved their apprechtion of our patrloti
Slll by invitations to dances a nd e nt.e r -ta Inmente given In our honor . We ve r-e
a11.,aY8 we l come in the Highl a nds 8 8 being the firat Col onial Regime nt to enter
When the "Cardboua" were n i ck-named t he tlMillionaire Regdme nt," we were in the
hei ght of our glor y . Sunda y night would see us l ol ling off in motor ca r s , eaoka ng
cigarrl , and f!pee d~ g back t o t he Fort after -a recjdeee weeken d I n Inverness.
Scot.tdeh Regiments e nvied us our good times, but the wei ght of our po ckets ve e not
to be compar -ed vith the i rs on a Nonday morning, nor t he size of thei r head s either.
Isolation eoo n told on us city cbapa -and ve l onge d f'or t he joy:! of t he toWIl ,
so 'With the Spring gb.d news of our intended tran:!fer to Edi nbu r g was most pl eas-
Ing , We vere all ve r y so r ry to leave the ol d Fort, bu t . neverbte'leaa , our de l ight
on being Gent to Scot.Land t e. lovely ci t y knev no bounde ,
Andesior gav e us a gr-eat, se nd off; Perth I S gr eeting va a a r epititlon of the
cocdn g journey, Rod we arri ve d in Edinburgh late that a f ter noon. A Guard of Honor
from "C" Compuny ( ....ho ha d lately arrived from cv ea-eewe) avad ted us a t t he Station ;
also t he ~yor of the City, who ve Icoeed us with an e ddreea , He told us of t he
honor co nf erred on us by the " Seottish Command" t hu t we were to gar -r- Lson the
h mou l'l: Caet.Le during our stuy in Edinburgh . I t was really a n hon or , more e s pecially
when \M ve r e acquadrrted of t he f act that our Regimen t was t he f i rst. other than
Scotc h , t o enter there ednc e its restorat i on t o Scctda nd , Bu t rumors ....ere curr ent
that many of the ol d folk disapproved of us bedng i n the ces t.I e , be ca u s e i t meant
the abolit i on of their old custom; neverthe l ess , the maj ority of the pe ople ver-e
both friendly a nd hoepft.abje t.ovar-de- us ,
MyoId bar-ra ck r-ooa mates grouped to-

- 15 -
getber onc e aga i n, but ve wore not a e cosy h ere 8 ,5 in the old Fort . The first
night we introduced oursel ves t o Prince I B St r ee t , Leit h W'lil.lk, Smith Br -Idge and
High Street, and l ater
on , to t he "Hod Caps" or Hiliury Police.
Tr ai ning her e proved t o be quit e ha r -der- than a t the Fort . On one oc casion
we ea r-ch ed five miles to the Pe nt -Land Hills, skirmished f or hours over hills,
valleys a nd bogs-then nar-cbed home aga in.
One fine morning ve par ad ed the
whole of Edi nburgh lind Leith with Harry Lauder" s Rec r ui t i ng Pi pe r s , and I am not
!UTe that ve e ncourage d or dlsencourag ed the recruits. A f e .... weeks Lat er- \/0 vere
at-it ag;ln \lith t'We lv e ~ :thou f!llil.hd men ; inc!udl ng -lnfantry, · Ar t i l l er y , ..Cavalry, -,,"
Royal Engine ers , Royal Army Med ical Corps a nd Fi eld J..mbulance s. The whole body
--...-..:;:ii
bad taken f ifty-five minutes to pass a give n po i nt .
Battali on Orders for Sunday would ready fifty men t t,o proceed
to t his or
that t ea party in such a chur-ch, and i f you refu se d to go, you vere to hav e an
audienc e with t he Colonel .at the "Or derly Room" the I'ok Iovdng morning .
Fancy
being: made to go to a bun fight. on a Sunday night, and , perha ps, you r l i t tle
Mary would be waiting pat.Lent Iy f or yo u in some remote cor ner
of t he "auld
toon" . Oh, ye s, many a lad l ost a good chanc e of "wedded bliss" be cau se of
those epr eade ,
Eve r y Newfoundla nder kn ov e that the f irs t four Cce pa nde e carried with them
tbe cr eam of the athlet es; end s o it ha ppened t h.lii t a challenge t o a f ame of
hockey, se nt i n by Canad dens of Edinburgh Unive r sity, was qu ickly snapped at.
held the exalted position of Usher i n t he Haymarket Rl nk t ha t night the game
was play ed . Some crowdt Some Rl nkt Some game V· Some score t The Cenedfena
'Were gre Mtl y eurpr-Lsed when the Refe r e e a nn ounced f ourteen to nil in favor of
the Car i bous j but I was not.
The Harine Gar-den
'It Por tobells ( Edi nburgh's Brighton ) vez-e in full control

- 16 -
of the military, and the young folk ' s pleasure ground va s sadly mi ssed. Su nday s
,
were very qu iet i n the city, a nd many of the peopl e motored to th" Fort ~ r idee
just to ge t II. glimpse of the sple nd id sp sns , I paased ov er the Bridge on two
occasi ons , but I had no idea of 1t s Lnmenee size . It 1s really a marvellou s
piece of en gdneerdng-c-cr-oe edng t he Firth of Forth from the t.ovn
of Queensferry,
a d ist liil ~ ce of one a nd a qu ar t er mile e , But it 1 s t he t oweri ng he i ght of the
Bridge t hat makes 1t l ook so wonderful . I t s epa ne can be Be en f or miles r i sing
up fro::l the 'Waters of the Firth like some great mountain •
.- . :--_:-,--=- -.-~,,- ::- .::"-_-=-
The d 1 8 tr i ~t i on of coal va e --;'rri e d ·ou t we-ek}y by epecda I \lorking parties ,
a nd needless to say, n one of t he boy s ch er ished the job. On one occasion Lieut
Dob Stick, t hen ~ Lan ce-Corporal, was gi ven charge of a pa rty br i n g i ng coa l to
the Bar-r-ack Rooms , but i n st ea d of Ieavdn g tw o pane t o 8 r oom, he mar-che d his
whol e p&r t y i nto our happy litt le home and ga ve U 5 a suppl y f or several ...ee ks ,
Regime nt a l sleuths were hun ting f or t ha t coal f or a long vbtIe , bu t we did no t
put i t :on ex hibiti on, ::10 t he y gave it up a s a not her l ost C8g0 .
Svimr.dng parede e to the public bat.he were held qu i t e of t en.
We e Ivays did
have a soft corner in our hearts for a good 'Wash no w and then.
Vaccinati on vas more 'than ve Icomed by the lazy se t . It meant se veral weeks
lounging in you r Barrack Room if the Bluf f 'Was kep t u p . The M.D . w.e worried to
de at h by mallgnerers vhc persis ted in eayfng t heir arms we r e stil l veak, and that
t hey c ?Uld no t move them, e t c.; but if the doctor had take n t he t roubl e t o l oo k
around the Bar -r-ack a fter t e a that bluff vcuk d not ha ve vorked , Oh , ye s, vac cine
proved a good ~rie nd to the lot of us . Major Ca r t y , then ~ptain, could see
through our gllrne , i n fact, he c ou l d fle e through anything ve td do, lind t he reeult
wou l d be W" IO lose .
Our strength up t o date had ove r'- c -each e d t he twelve hundred mark. The Cast l e

- 17 -
was full, and IIE't Compan y \lR R billeted In Leith. For thi s r ea s on orders ve r-e
r ec eived to go int o camp.
I
Shob! e Camp, Havdc k , fif t y mil es f r OOl Edinburgh , ve e a real good spot bui l t
by Na t ure for We, Uti & Co. No doubt our old Col onel ve e delighted , for his lit tle
eye s beamed wi t h pj eaeur e a t the sight of s o Illany hi l ls 1n close prozi m1t y to our
camp. If report s arc co r r ect many a mor ning he va s up t t day l ight and r ode av.ay
to pick the hills an d cho se t he highest. I really believe it 18 quite true, for
he always man ag ed to bring u s to them vhen ....e 'Were leas t ex pecting it.
~ --~. - ~ e ve'rY-:' li~t ni~r n lng I n :J~ly - ~~we ri:O marcllin-lf=-~ r~urs~ove r- --,," r{iod ~-runn ine ~
parallel \lith our ca mp that ve e severaL miles &\lay, vhen sudd e nl y t he old Colonel
gav e the order -"Battal1on viI I adva nce i n l i ne; right turn" t The vho'le Regimen t
formed into tw o linea a nd headed st r aight f or the Camp, an d, a s l uc k voukd have
it, ve st i r r ed up a 'Whole army of rabbi t s land a f ew covey s of birds . The game
la\ls of Scotl and ver-e un kn cvn to us; a nTJOlY, I
any di f f er e nce if ve had a complete kn ew.ledge
don t t, suppose it 'Woul d have made
or- t hem,_t he rabbits vere killed in
ones an d twos, an d t he lO.ppetioing smell of t he l i t tle ani mal s roa sting an d et evtng
caused m.any a kilti e ( on his \I.ay t o HalJi ck ) to eniff
the breez e from our cook
hou ses.
The Side Shove i n Havfck ga t .he r -ed in t heir cr-owds of so ldi ers , and t he big
merry-go-round had t o take its medicine.
The shooting galler i es vere \lel l
pata-onfeed , but the vho'Ie bunch would fini s h up at the fish and chip s hop . On the
road t o_Climp it va s qu i t e atDU l!ling to hear- the boy s trying to sing \li th their
mouths
full of "epude'",
The bu s vcujd take you t hree par-t-s of the distance , but t he y
stopped r-unn fn g at ten o' clock~ vee bit too early f or t he Newf ou nd l an ders .
The
maj or ity of the chaps pr eferred the walk an yva y, be ca u se of the sing-song .
A big Conce ntra t i on Camp f or German military .end civi lian prisoners had be en

- 18 -
erected on the hill half B mil e from our quer-teee , I t vee a city in miniatur e ,
and I often wondered if our Tornmier i n German pr isons cou ld boa s t of such comfort .
The Camp va s el ec trical).y lighted throughout, lind at niEht presented Ii ver-Ltebke
lthull ' s e ye tl to 8ny Tuct oni c sky r a i der \lI t h II. f e v "emok e e" to s par e . When
skirmishi ng 8v a,. i n t he hlUe af ter dark that
pa Lece -pr dso n voukd br i ng t ea rs t o
tho eye s of a cockney for his long l ost sights 0 ' Londo n .
The
heat of a Scottish summe r an d our hard t raining combined proved the
making of the Regim ent , and ve all ver-e hoping the tice vcu ld soon come vhen
Kitche ner would pa ll on us f~ ~ !!lore act1Y

- 19-
Co;nroanding Officer I "Gr eat boy:" to cover ground" ~ Too t rue 1
Then came t he clay whe n our death sentence was pronounced , but nev er Was a
I
death se ntence received \11t h such bur-e t e of che ers . Lord Kitchf'!ner r -evde ve d the
22nd. Di v l:don, 'Who were pr ep aring to leave f or Pr-enc e , a nd he come 80100« t o u s
!at t he same time. Nev found I s nder-e , "ebun ' ~ I can se e him no w quite a s pla in 8 5
if I ver-e ba ck t here vl tnes l!d ng t he flame s cen e over again. 111 em se ndfng y ou out
to the Dar-dane Hee very eh or t ly" J he said. A t hril l ve nt, through t he nnk:'l, an d
it _d id ~ ' ~ _~n e :..d ~ close , o~ Eerva t1 on t o eee the bOYE were itching for hi m to finish
~;-. :pe~-~-~~-=-~it~~~'-G~Y--:-bye~~~'g o"':od- iuc kt '-~ ' ihe ==gre~t~F i e lc-~'1a r"h~ 1 1 - r"Od~ : IiWltY, .:-.
and the echo of our c heer-s moved the very clouds that obscured the he ave n e , He
looked . back a nd sa Iut.ed j t.ha t, was the .l a s t I eev of the great &trl . SOl!Ie of the
boys met him e gafn in Ce l 11r01!.
Gr eat prepllr at10n8 vez-e being mad e i n a nd ar.ound our Bar -r-acka , Tu ,n15port
vagone,
kicking mule s , boxes of ammunit ion, sun heIee t,e a nd suite of Khaki dr i l l
'Were rolling into camp dail y . On the night of t he 19th~ of AUg\l t'lt 19 15 , t he
£irB t Reg i men t from Ne wfoundl and left Ald ershot to try Lt.e luck on t he hl11d de s
of far-away Gallipoli.
The Von.ge
ArriVi ng at Pl ymout h the f ol l owing mor ning we embarke d on t he tc-co pehrp
Meg a nt i e, and when -the eun was einking ove r t he western hilla of Devon many a
Ne \lt oun dl a nd er gaz ed his last ou t he ehcree of de a r ol d Engl a nd .
Our
trip acr-oea t he Bay of B1e cRy, vas une ve nt f ul, exce pt f or the old
f al:l111ilr cr y of 'Ouse yt •Ousey t "Ouee about lind WhR t ab out i t t Who ~aY8 ' Ouse ?'
"Come on my lucky llild ~t II Nobody sa y the old diamond t.hfe time, eentl emen t"We l l
up ehe goe e l" T \lO cr-ovn e and a lucy, old heart "t "The old man pays agdn"t
Oth er cr i es of "Who Eay8 a Bombay frhzer , e k, til br-ought, ba ck to tllJ" memory our old
hoa e Regatta, vhen "Clgar8t C1t:arflt 'Wer e much in evdde nce ,

- 20 -
A \ot.ar\llck~h1r e Bat t.eLfoe , on its lJ.ay to the Scuda n , w e r-e our ehfpee t e s ,
}{8ny of t hem had eeen eer-vf ce 1n South Arri c,,", a nd the remai nder were young
(
chaps who ve r-e unfit f or further a ctive r er-vf.ce , hevdng t.ek en pe r t in the great
retrfla t froll Hone , They were old ha nd s a t those gilmer; fo f .am1118 r to t he British
Regulars, a nd t hat a c count" for t he "Oue ey" cr y . We arrived a t Ma l t a O.K., but
1n Le se t ha n f orty-elght hours ve wer-e off a ge f n , For the r-eeaI nde r- of our
journey ve had the full be ne f i t of • Me dlterr~nean eun , end my fa ce and hands
.soo n lost t hei r !l:.&lural color. The Gr ecian Archipelago, iii. maize of s!!1&ll il"l1 a nd~ ,
was an object Of~gr e8 t drrt e r -est. to t he boys , who watched each of t hem ex pe ot .crrt .;
ly hoping to eee the King of the Cannlt a l s, or ecrse ot her .animal, bu t
nothing
excit i ng Jr.ace an.. appearance . Wf! reached Leano a Ls.Iand \Ji t hout mishap but received
or-der-a to go ba ck to Eapt.
Arri vi ng at Al exa ndr i a ve dr opp ed an chor in the ha r bo r . Hundr -eds of l i ttle
bOQtl'l , manned b,r na tdve vend er-s e'elling f ruit an d chocc'latee ,
dn f e et.ed 'th os e
vat.er-e, and ' I!lll.ny ver-e t he ver-n fnge gi ve n by our cff'dc er-e not to f!at fruit. . Just
be fore eund ovn t hat evening the Megantb pulled u p he r anchor an d e'tar-ted to go
1.nshore . I wa B eitting on the rail wat ching the f OIilTU cause d by t he revolving of
ber tvin e cr e ve , vhen a shar-p cry f r om the ....a 'ter- dr ev lI.y Qt tent i on t o a src.all
boat, being drawn un der by the suction of t he propellers .
One little native boy
'Was dr-evned , but the re.aiaing t.vc kept to the boa t , vbf ch 1500n wrige1e d clear of
the ehfp, It wae a 61i1d d ght end one t hat I l5ha l l not for gflt.
ThQt nit:ht 'We boa r de d the t r ain for Ca i ro, but the fruit I had eaten ha d
pr oved JJ.Y tieme eie, an d my night ....a e spent r olling in a gony on t he dUl!lt y f l oor
of
a boepital CRr.
I n t he morning ve arrived at Abby eia Sidirg, an d marched off to
our Ber -racke , Some Ber-r eckel He l f of the r oof va e miss!n/!:: i n our e nd; a plirt,.

- 2 1 -
of natives who ve re repairing i t kept ue well supplied with plaster, prece e of
brick an d du et , \.If! often wished them dovn be Lov lJith "Br-frsa'tone Bl I P . We vere
,
. 11 f eeling quite cool dres se d i n Kh8 k1 drill unlfcrm, with sho r t s , pu t-t e e s a nd
sun he1fte t ~ ;
but lIany of the na tives co uld do \lit h a "gr-est, coat".
0. our first night in Fgypt' 3 an cfent, c1ty, ve t .cur -ed around lind Learned a
littl e of the lingo. The car conduct-or-e were cute banda and aluays aade a Co""
cof ns extra from nevcoaer-e, But I eav a burly Australian Land one of them on to
the ca r Hnee f or trying that eallc on hill.
- ~~-- l t -18- a sp'lenddd d ght"':to 8"0 .t he Y.ohlil,~oile da n B lit- Sunset - kneeling on th~ --otd
carpets lind bovfng their heads in prayer.
Their carpet e are priceless and would
not
be par -te d \l1th f or lIny money, having been handed dovn by t heir f Ol'e~athf'!r~
frO!l ge nerations . The y 811 kn e e l i n edor-at.Lon , no matte r vhere they ar-e , or
what the i r occupatdone ,
The extreme heat of the sun made it Impo t'l:"lible for us to drill by day,
except for one hour in the mor ni ng and one in the afternoon. We wer-e all anxfcu e
to eee the Pyramids an d Sphinx , s o one day a f ter t he f i rst parade \J8. S dlft!lLissed ,
Fred Roper , Don Tel!lpl e JCa n and I picked a guide an d e'tar-ted off on this mission.
Our guide vas a genfue j he could speak seve n l&lnr,uae,ea, had travelled every
country on the map, an d ve s "lil,ll r-ound" good 11&11'. Boar-dan g &I train ve cros sed
the River Nile, and then hired a donkey to 'take us ove r t he Sand s , If your
donkey Jll8n \Jal!! a good "tail twister" y ou had a chance of II de cent spin, but if he
wa B no t , you just had to l!!it up and let M:n do the "t.or-tcd se et.unb'", On reachine
the foot of the great Pyramid ve df eeounted and our guide led u s pa st the Sphinx
e nd dcvn into t he tomb of a Pbar-oa h , vher-e an
old gr-ey-hedr-ed fortune-te l ler t.rded
to do bue dne sa with uSJ bu t nothdng d oi ng . Af t e r t aking a fe\rl sna pshots of each
other ve gave ~t up end at ar-t ed for home. On our jourl"'." y ba ck t he e'-Jidt'J shoved U6

- 22 -
the Dead Cily, tbe Cilli~ el , the Pe Lace of the Sulbn and "-'lny othe r interc:'!t1ne
pkace s , This lit t le trip cant me t va days confined to camp fo r he ine a bse nt, frol1l
the afternoon par-ade ,
He H opokf s (the City of the Sun) poeee sa e e II more modern a ppearance t h8n
ce t s-o, The popu kat.Lon ver -e mOf'lll y Eur-opeans and ....~ a l t hY' E~-ypt h ns . Her e you
could sit outside a cafe , drink be er a nd va t.ch the ~avi ng pdcut.re e , if you felt
inclined . An electric ra11'l8.r co nnected this town \lith C" i r o-a t.en-ednute sp l n-
and any time you ge t f e d up \lith one p'Lac e you cou ld j ust slip into the other •
..
'The 1nhebltanl.s or "Eqypt , aa :rar a 1"l 1 coule se e , ver-e a very mixed set of
hm\Qni ty . Th e Ar•.be do all the econond adng i n eoa p and water, an d 81 50 reduced
their boa r d bl11B; by elltinll: t he corrt ent.e of our slop pad La pl aced f or dumping
purposes ne ar our mess huts. Pe r haps 'th e funniest sc e ne I hav e ever vitneseed
i n Ca i ro or e Lse ....he r e vee t he holding up to a smal l mu'Ie-dr-avn wagon by t vo
Austr alia n s okdder-e ,
The cart ve e Lea de d w1t h ca se s of whiskey; t he Auetralhne
e:"aEh ed a box a nd got a way with a bottl e . But t he .li. lIIUsing per-t, va e to se e t he
old donkey-ean s't and on t he pavemen t; a nd br -eak hie sides!&ut;hing, inst e ad of
lam enting his loss. It beat e me hov 8 Gypo a nd a Turk er-e dist i ngulehed ; vhy
t hey are a s much alike a e two peas.
Afte r we ve e ka of a real go od holida y ve were travell1ol!: ba ck over t he Une
to Al enndri a once a ~a ln; t hi8 time by daylight, aff or di ng a good ch ance to s ee the
cultivated ar-ea s and the all cs of irregation can e La buil t
by the Brlt1l! :b Gove rnment
for t he Eyyp t i an peaeant.ry, Those ca na Ls CQr ry t he va t.er- a of t he Nile f or ma ny
mile s t.ovarda Alexandria.
An ox vith i ts head tied t o Q wheel (Which he patient l y
keep s turning) is t he onl y \llilter-

- 23 -
a tranffport . Sorae Lf ner- I On this ship the boye made a good kick Q {!;.aln ~ t the
ve
• ehip'8 ccepany because of the bad food and the emaIl qu an tity/rec eived ; backed up
by our old Cokon eL we 'Wpuld hav e turned the old tub round had it not be e n for the
fact thut the qml11 ty and quantity Boon improved .
Every man was issued a fu l l supply of a mraunltlon and iron rat i on e before
r-eachfng Lemnos; then, for the first t ime , ve realized t hat our duti es in Kh&1d
meant acre than 11squad dril l" .
GaUi pol1
--, '::i-"f'.. ·tit.t.l~i,a 8ter hiac. Abba e-·Cast-·...chor: .-jn~:~.Y ,of SUlva _ a t~ . i d:night ;.~ :..
• ..- ..... 0 _
on September
19t h. , e nd t nnsfer nd her human car-go t o l ighters that ver-e \JRiting
close by . Pulling i nt o a rude pi e r ....e trumped ncdse I eeaky up the bea ch and pr e­
pa-red to sl eep 1~ holes eug near the- RockS . Fou:r--miles In f ront of ue r i f les Rnd "
machine guns were firing lil t interval s . Fred Roper a nd I s l ept together , that night ,
and when morning came a fine lar ge bog ey would hav e be en mor e t .han iii we lcom e .
Turkish observation officers found an "eye
full" vh e n they l ooke d our w-y t ha t
morning, e nd they did no t spar- e the shrapnel e i t herJ but i t sent iii Hind u ' s donkey
flying ove r t he road minue the cart end i t s load of empt y 'Water ca ne . 'We eurre r .,
ed about twent y ca sua Ltdea be fore being shi fted from this position .
Tha t night our Company star t ed off for the line; ve vere all feeling iii vee
bit nervous and needed breaking in, Dysentry a nd en teric f ev er , so prev al en t in
other Regiments, 600n lIIade inroads on our boys. Many of them died a t duty' s poe t
b'j the hands of Turkish sha rpshooters, bu t stil l mor e f rom those t erribl e df seae e s
that Slide G;dlipol i the hell it \lQ8. \late r \/8S sca r -ce, t he flies were pl entifu l
and the heat intenl'le, the ni gh t s wer e chilly a nd I cng , 'We ha d pl enty of food , but
the flies gave us lit tle satisfaction In the e ating of it, nevertheless , behind
the Hnee, t elling stories a nd singing eonge Boon helped to make the time pass and

- 24 -
to look on th., bright side of everything.
The Cardbou Hill brush broke the monotony, bu t it was not all it was "cracked
up" to be . \ole built five outposts up there and held them l I spent t\lenty_four
hours 1n No.4, and had a very exciting time J ve vere holding it the night a f t e r
I t s capture a nd John Turk a muse d himself hourly by playing his machine guns our
10Iay a nd se nd f ng ove r l ittl e bombi ng gr-cupa , I n one of thos e " f'Lare ups" ve all
hea r d t he whi z z of a bcab very close to our post, the next morning ve found it
unexpl ode d and not three yards from the cent.ry ,
- Ju st a f t e r davn C15dney, D.C or-t . car'Jied -out-intoNo ...M-.Il~ 18 Lil;ld-and en te re d - ~ -='i
t he Turkish advan ced pced'tdona , securing valuab l e i nformation , thus gaining his
dietinct ion .
When the sun r OM
lind r e st ored the circulation to our chilled a nd cr-amped
forms the snipers st.ar-ted tMir activities and ve had
to lie 10" and use the
peri s cope.
LeMe56ur ier spotted t hree of the enemy gaafng t.ovar-ds our lines, eo
he picked the middl e chap lind pr-epar-ed him for Q Iuner-a L, The r emainin,.; two
jumped out of sight i n l e s s than a second-jolly lucky for them.
One "ily Ot.t sman
bkazed at our mirrors for over an
hour , but a big r ock in front r eceived the
bullets, eenddng qu i t e a few spli nters dnt-o our post . No.2 had their periscope
pierced t hree times. Dead bodies of GeI'J!l8n Officers lind Turkish soldiers 'Were
scat.ter-ed in front of our line in this area, and with a change of wind
the odor
va s none too pleasant. "So near, yeb EO far" ; this little phrase has bee n
muttered ~n,. a time by t he l ads do i ng sentry duty a t night , 'Who, tur ning their
eyes t o t he South West, gaz e . l ongingly O1t the illUlllinlit~d hos pi tal s hape ly1n~ a t
anchor- i n t he 8017_ It does eeke you f eel a bit vretcbed f;tandlng i n t .hoee rotten
t .r-enche e wi t h a flo.at1ng pa Iace under your ·ve r y eyes .
Ever y vounded man has a
fa ce be Qm1 n~ \lit h p.le a sur-e becaus e he hQS a c kea r- knowledge of his de stdnatdon ,

- 25 -
He 18 l eaving the dirt and disease f a r behind him, and the wound i s ve Icom ed 1/,8
til passpor-t , We never sympathize w1th any cha p vho et.er-t.e his jour ney homeward
because of II. " cr-a ck'" , 'rie call him II j olly l ucky" , an d pr-ay f or one yourself. My
first ex perience of a coebfned boabardmerrt of nava L lind land guns came on night
vh e n we were Lea at expe c t dng 1t , A'IJay over the Anz ac Cove the filme etar-ted I
neve va s ' rece ived of the Brit ish vi ctory a t LO OB an d t he Aus t r al i a n lind New
Zea b nd t roops chee r ed lIadly all along the line . The e ne my mistook the DolEC
for a night attack and their gun s Wen t 'tbunder-Lng right acr-oss t he front. Then
our field~ gc~·~_J.2,...ttd lhe-~~ -let f I,- . eeeees ef cn of br -oadefd e s ,
It W&5 a heavy bit of a demonstr ation an d made u s f ee l i ncline d f or a dash i nt o
the Turks. But we 'Were dooaed to df ssppcdrrtmerrt , The fir i ng gr-adua Lky died dovn ,
and 'I hour l ater the line \lUi non a l ; just the u su a L cracking of sniper s ' rifles
and a sca t t e r e d machine gun ner t r aversing over the Band baga , I am sur-e the
art i llery moen enj oye d the whole a f fa ir a e it "/fiS seIdca or ever they had t he
oppor tunity to put their f ul l force into the Turks . To me, in those days, it
seemed like a t.eIe of waterloo or sO'I1e other gr -eat, ec r -ap,
The va t e r- supply presented 1Il1l0y difficulties to all Regim ents. We had a ve Lk
for cooking purposes, bu t i f you r-anke d anyt hi ng und er a Br -fgadf er-Gener -sL it ve s
not necessary to waste t ime l ooking for a vaeh, The old ve If, situated near- the
she l l-sbatt e r ed remnant s of & Turkieb f arm house . was known f r om on e en d of SuviR
t o t he other
RS R ve r -It .abke deat.b- Er -ep• and many a poor lad went t he re to se e k
va t e t- for his Comp&ny and neve r r-et .r-une d , Little wonde r crosses near- the well
mar k the r e s t i ng pkac ea of un f ortunates vho c ame for the pr ecious fluid a t t he
vr-ong time . Gunne r and Sniper had their cr ack at the ...,-.. t or pa r-tdee , 8 0 we dunk
Le a s and helped to spa r-e the l i ve s of many ,
00 0 f ine morni ng a n office r came up lind a cqua dtrted me that I ve s II. " bomber"

- 26 -
(1 did no t, know 8 bomb f rom an e r,g-f;he l l ); but nev erthe l ess I IJU I iii " bombe r " . 1
Clln reme:nber t hrovi ng one of t.ho ee "Lkt .t.Le devils" , but that vee three nu Iea be hind
the Lfne , I Rill not sure thli t it killed " oy Turk- - i t \l4S not very effective 8t
three mil es range .
Sna ke s and lizar d s we r e numerous, but ver y se I dcn troubled u s. Lar-ge c oveys
of vl1d geese frequently pa s se d over our trenches; both edd e e were usual l y potting
.t them, but I don ' t ever r-emember- se e i ng one of them dr-op , On a not .her- occa efon
an _l m.~e n s e vulturt" pat.rc dLed over u s ; i t WIil S sh ot at from 811 di r ections , but got
= . ~.; :~~f:~:-:---;;ca k: "~~l r;,; ' i,;;r -'~:'o6W;g;-(~ ;m ~4t ~.;;;;;~~_~:__~~::~~:_= _
J hen ou t of the line we uf'Uall y grabb ed ill e ve ry cha n ce to ge t do wn to t he
~~- ---~
--\:.each-iii-rid enjoya- f:vi mo__A _ s cli tt~r~ d_ s~ l l and a few bull ets ve r-e t he onl y
intruders , but t he y wer e not hot en ough to ea ke u s beat, i f . --
The artl11erlec' of .bot h armde e vere very moder -at e 10 their firing.
Tho Turk,
no dou bt , was gb d of the cha nce to spar e his ehe Lfs, and our boys dl~ not see any
fun in b'lovdng up hi s I dne s ...hen he ver y sel earn ret aliated . l 'he ships behind u s
In t he BIilY gave a demonsb r-ct I on now an d then j u st, t o let u s kncv the Kavy va s 6till
i n it.
That t he Turk ve s clean in hi s net.hods of va r c-f'ar-e t.over-de the J 'r-enc o-Br d'td s h
troops in Gall1po11 can be a acerbined Jr- c many of his l1t tle acte t .ovaz -de us .
A tale is told of lil Tur-kfsh arrpjene 581ling over our lines and dropping the
fo l l ovi ng ee ssage to our ar t i l l er ymen :
"Remove bi g gun from position near Red
Cros s Camps, or ve \Jill not be responsible for 8ny s he l ls bur-st.dng in mediclil lines" .
The gun WliI.S remove d . On an ot her- oc ceefon a message \JliI.S sent to t he r~liI.v8l eu t-hor'Lt-,
Le s de manding t hat dest royers keep well away from Hospi b l
Ships lying lilt anc hor
i n the Bay .
Dur 1ne the choker-a cu t -br-eak many Turks died, 61 nd their gr aves ver-e
IIlll.rked "Choker -a" i n English, so t hat Br i t ish troops advencf.ng ....ould keep of f t he

- 27 -
r;round . All t.he se littl e ect .e we r e \Jell noticed by t.he Fr ench end British troopa,
and alt hough they were maf:s8cring a rme nf e ne In bundr-ede of t .houe ande , the Ottoma n
p'Lay ed fair on our f ront .
It i s a remarkable fact thnt small ebe H e fired from Turkish gu ns and bur-sb -,
i og i ns ide our lines were wanuf'ec't ured in Enghmd . I ha ve seen many of t hem, lind
they were 811 mar ke d in English . J ohn Turk D'lut':t ce r tainly chuckle over a t rick
like t lul t .
Colonel Ryan of the Aus traU"n Hed fce L Cor-ps t e lls iii: good yarn of his ovn
edventaar-e e 111 t~ bi e: advance t ha t prove~ such. failu...-e in t he month of Augu st,
19 1 5 . Colonel Ryan i s 80 Irl :::MP n , vhc eed gr-at ed f rom the Ene r-aLd I sle i n his
early days and r -oamed t he worl d i n se ar-ch of adve nture. His va nde r -Ing led him ,
" when st i ll- quit e -y oune , "int o the land -that h e 1 :'1 nO'i:':fiebt1nc Qca i nst. Enli~ting
in the Turkish Qrmy he f our,ht egadnet t he Russ ians i n t he gr-ea t, sedge of Plevn a .
When the advan ce et.a r -te d in Aueu ftt it de veloped into a kind or -gu er i l l a fighti r.e,
a nd Colonel Ryan found himself fighti ng \.lith. a fe w men agains t a host of Turks.
He e nd his men j umpe d ''P t o the at.t.ack a nd the Turks stood to meet t hem.
ottomQn Of ficer , observing t he r i bbon s on the Cokon e L! s breast , brought
The
his me n
t o at.ten t don , and in a loud voice ex cLadmedj "Sa Iut.e a hero of Plevna"';. They
then dropped back and a few ed nutes later were piGg i ng away at each other. It
would lwrdly seem possible tha t 1n the dim of battl e an enemy officer would give
up the scrap and saLute his li.dve r silry for an honor gained in the Turki15h Empi r e .
But , neve rthe less , he clai ms i .t t o be quite tc-ne , an d his cceu-ad e a 1n army c1&i m
h1ril to be a aan of integrity and honor.
Three cruisers, firing broadside s, made quite a nice little mess of the
en emy's trench one a fter noon, a nd kil l ed our pet Turk, who u sua lly rose f r om hi"
slumber at daYn e nd sang t o u s for hours.

- 28 _
My RUn helmet dfseppeer-ed one very wet night,_I mod no idea of :it6 good
qUM.lit hs until I lost Lt. , Before the r-adn beg an to pour I l eft I t on the
parape t , Rod vent; i nto t t he l and of s I umber-, I had Q, ver y r ude Q\JR kenf ng r a bomb
had jus t exploded on the sa nd bi:efl Rod t he vdnd bke v a gs Ie , making ou r dd ecoofor-t
acr e than compl ete . The t r e nch es vere s11l1y, a nd "'llter_l ogged, end I was feeling
pr ett y r41serabl e 1 I put up my han d t o ge t the helmet, but I t \Jas gon e J s o the
fol l owing da y I cut one en d of my b18 nket and made a cap good e nough -to prevent
t he extreme heat of the sun f rom burning my cr-endun ,
~ - " -:==';' -'--'='--'WOUld """b~vfil ke d to hav e been- on'"Gal 11pol1 a t ~t1lf; ev acuation , but -my oI d
friend "luc k" stepp ed i n lind sent. me steaedng back home ag ad n , On the morning of
tbe 11th. Novembe_r , I rell into one of the Turks' specfe L t.r-aps , I \Ja R one of t he
bombinc purty going out for a few hinte on the us e of a " t .re nch-eor-t ar'' ",
The
enemy sp ot t ed u s an d waited until ve r eached a pos ition wher~ the a c cu r-acy of his
fire \lould be ce r-t a f n-c-tben be pop pe d a shr-apne 'l r i ght ove r our hea ds. Wi t h a
sting ing pe dn i n my right .e.rIll a nd a lump of lea d protruding from my left kne e I
l and ed 1J:l. • dr e esdng station, t her e my woun d s ver -e bnadag ed end the bulle t removed
, The following s rter noen, Novembe r 12th . , J \1& 8 ticketed ; the stretcher be ar c-
ere put me on board of a e-maIl tug, and I was t .renef er-re d t o the ho apf.t.e L s hip
Kildonliln ca st.Ie , a ep'lenddd boat, ca r r ying Q Canadden medi cal staff . Thoug h not
roff er i ng &ny great pain, inje ctions of morphine wer e nee de d to se t me eleepdng ,
An Enr;l1Bh so ldi e r in the a dj oi ning cot t o min e l ay unconecdoue wi t h a bull e t i n
h1 a bead , I va t .cbed the doctor plu ~ the l 1t tle ho l es left by t he Lea de n mi!5si l es,
and the poor cha p brea'tbe d hard end fast. I ddd not think he voukd live long ; his
co t was empty when I woke t he following mor ning . Another man the I'ar- end of my
ward ha d als o paid the 9Jpreme Sacrdf'Lce ,
Many British an d French soldiers hav e
been bur i ed in the waters of the Aegean Sea a nd HcditerTlilne Qn .

- 2 9 -
We sailed out of the & y t.ha t, aft e r-noon , ca Ll .ed in at Lemnoe dur -Ing the
night an d at, daylight ar-r-Ived a t Sa lonica har-bor", Par-t, of t he sbff were landed
,
here , be i ng on their \Jay to j oin the Cerbi lm Army . Five c a Y8 Lat e r- ve r-eached
Malla .
Here I V8S put a shore an d a moto r ambukance carried file t o Flori 61 na ho epd'taL,
where I ha d ten go od days rest. Arriving a t Vale t t a my et.re'tche r- ve e laid on the
- pie r with many. others, waiting for an ambu'lance wagon. Kind nurses ga ve u s "'000 -
~ .~ i.~ -,~ '- ~
bdne e lind rrllkJ the Lat.t.er- ....a s c :~~e-;;;;'1;~':" ~i-ik~0i-fre 5h-; - - The y -ba d -no c ov e. in -
Malta and the goa t s wou ld not be t ouched be ca u se of the i r str eet ralllbling and
dir t y pa perc-eat.I ng hab i t s .
The Austrlil.lbns t old me many s t or i es of the Haltese an d their quicknes s 1n
dr a ving a knife f or eYf')ry little ecr -ep they got into. An at tempt va s mad e to bu r n
Flor iana hospf.t.eL one dar- k ni ght, bu t t he na t i ve who t r i ed i t va s caug ht and
punished .
MQl t a is ve Ll, f ortified, and t he bar-bor , t hough flmall , i s v ~ r y pretty . The
fruit vendors are ditto to those in Alen.ndria, a nd cling to the s hips like flie s
t o a ca sk.
In t he photograph /you ca n see iii. white piece of netting bancing over a bed at
t he far end of the va r dJ t ha t is Fello....s , a Gl&.s go\l lad, sh ot through the neck and
almos t coepketeIy paraUzed. He ca n lift his r ight arm. '" vee bi t an d spe ak in a
vhfeper-, but other 'than that he has a b solutely no power over him self.
The Sist e r
often r e mar ked t hat i t vcukd be be t ter ver-e he to di e . He \IRS , indeed, '" very bad
vreck of a boy and knev nob ody . My be d ve e on his r i ght, an d I got a great 6Urprise
one afternoon to hear him s ay : "Wlutt Reg iment ar-e you ,in, lad" ? I en ever--
ed hi l'll. and ke pt up a conve r-ea t don fo r quite an hour. Ri B 5tlQSe S vent, after that,

and tva daye 'l.ater- he died , poor chap .
- 30 -
The M.O . was a dec ent c hap a nd e sk ed me if I vould like to sp end Obr-Lstraae
in Enchmdl after permJapln/l: hi. that not hi ng voukd give me gr eat.er- pjeaeure ,
I
was reccsaended f or the next bceb , an d a f e w d llyl!l Later- I \JIil.S sa i ling back t o
Leanoe Isl and on His Majesty 's Fl e e t Aux i liary Ship Soud an . At Lemnos I was
transferred to the bie; line r Haur ebnia en d es dIed for England on December 2nd .
We reached Naples a f ew d8YS j ete r , and f rom my cot I had a good view of t he
great vol cano Veruvius •
.while .at lJQPJ,.es t he Amer ica n Vice-Co:urul , II Ca nadi.an , i nspected_ the ship an d
brought a f ew pt-eeent.e on board . He had quite a chat \lith me , being one of t he
few on board f rom hi s side of t he Athantic .
;
Gdbra Lt.ar- was our next por-t , "'e ar -r-Ive d there one very da rk eve ni ng, but
only remained t wo hours and put
to sea a gain.
At davn on Dec ember 14th., 1915 , the Hauretanie et.esmed t.hr-ougb the Chann el
into Sout.hhemp'ton , At four i n the Rfternoon I va e doing fu l l j ustice t o a. bowl of
BOUp on a hospital train spe eding its vay to London .
Rain fell
belilVily and the grea.t metropolis ve s buried i n a. "pea eoup"fog, a s
the blue-uni f oraed str et ch er bearers a.t Waterloo sort ed their men for t he di fferent
countries. "Two speci als here"t "3 r d . Gen er -aL'' "Yes" . "Who are they"?
"Nevfound.Iander-sw, "Oh , bring them this way. Bit wet boys" ~ "Yes, what have you
done with t he light s of London"? "Pu t t hem out of biz" . "Got a woodbine , chum"?
"Yes, her e" . "Wounded, chum"? "1;0, I ran into myself an d got ehe Lf-ehc cke d'",
(Smiles) . Chatty folks, t hos e Cockneys], Woodbi nes mag net i ze them, they prefer
them to DeReskes..
The 3r d .. L..G.H. at \Ohlndflworth formerly a patriotic school f or so ldiers'

- 31 -
children, ....a'" e n ide a l spot, for yours truly . C4 tl"rd , und er Sister Hille 's
management had no room for fnprcveeent. , With my usual luck I dropped into the
right place a t the righ10 tifle-Chrlstus. Slster~ , nurse e and patdent.e , a l so the
dcct.cr-e, co-opera t ed in the decorating of the \Jard;: numerous pr -eeents ver-e aent,
in, and on Christmas morning I had the fu l l of a pd L'lcv -ca se lind a rev extras
lying ar-ound t he floor. With the aid of crutches I patrol l ed the co r r idor and
made . yeel! a cquainted \lith t he boepf .t.eI and staff a nd the "Char woman".
We
always did like t o get a cquainted vith 'the "CiulrvOTll8n" . A f ey dcye vende r-Ing
around and the doctor spotted ae ; my sentence ' l.'a8 · 8 f ell Jlor e_!,eeks in bed . :...Good
Lord , what a 11 fe1 On visiting days Illy bed ....U l used a fl a spar e chair, a eett ee ,
or anythi ng you cou ld rest on , my he ad vas of t en us ed f or 5i tting space a s veLk ,
Old ladies vcu'ld bring along ....ell-poli she d appl es , place them i n a ver:r prominen t
position on your ,l oc ke r top, and inquir e af ter you r hea lth, a s k a l ot of si lly
questions and bid you " go od day" . No.... and then 50" old gentleman br-ough t, i n
cir,lilrs--guarlil nteed l Theil the l';irls would COlli e end bring--Oh, ve l l , never mind
vhat, t he girls brought ,
gue sal
Captain a nd Mrs . St.epbe ne , r e pre se nting t.he Assocbtion a I vays did the i r
ut.aost, to hel p the Nevfoundkand boys during their stay i n hospital, and deserv e
cr ed i t for their work in t be pa st, t va a nd a half year-s ,
51 t t i ng ar-ound the big bOl';ey in C4 Ward one e ven dng perusing the columns of
the Evening NevfI , a bi~ Australian cried : "What 's the latest, Nevfyll? "We l l , I
81l1d "the very latest Le "Br1thh troops eve cue t e Suvla a nd AnZIlC" . Yell they
did s ....ear.
·'Fifty thousand British soldiers f av e their all to take and hold
that t erritory so sacr ed t o an Anzac, a nd that' s wha t ....e Ce t for i t ". That's hc v
they ....ere f eeling a bout it. Some of thel1l ve r-e boy s who had climbed t he hill" of
Anz a c Cove under the n r c of he l l , end t hey vou'ld
hav e don e it agafn had t hey
been give n a chance to r-evenge their desd , They ....er-e a hard lot of Bushmen ....ho

- 32 -
fe Qre d nct .hfng ,
What I kn cv of the evacuat.Lcn I have gat her e d from rAy chum!'! who ver-e lucky
enough t o ha ve been pre:ent. The Ne vfoundf .ende r e pr e pa r ed traps for the lln I'!USPf'!ct1n~
Turk, an d t he y ver-e In.ps tlult nee ded an extra eraeunt- of carefulnes s to
keep out of. "Tr i p beebe " 'Were laid allover No M8n' l!I-Land, an d IIn7 unf'ortunate
Ottoman ''who "tripped" and drew the pin from Ii. Mill t S gren~de had but five eeccnde
to say his prayers before t he e xplosibe sent hill. orf. Bomba vere put inlo
"Dixies" in such II way thOi t the lifting of the cov er mea nt Insb.nt deat.h, and
\
~~n,. other ·~cut e · t;.;Oi P B-;:\1~:r;-1.se t . - P.\;ri- -='5t-O;~"s';' 0'1' -r ooa-',:l1d-~e d high on--' the ~a ch ,
'We r e eoe ke d vith petrol and burned. The last nlt;ht rifle s wer-e placed into
position in the front jfne, and by me8ns of a c l e ve r vat.er- device, ver-e mad e to
keep fir ing all night . This put the Turk off h i ~ guar d , and not till t he stor es
on the beach f h lr ed up end the Navy sent, t he i r ~eeti n ~ 5 di d they kn ov our boy s
'Jere l eavi n" Gallipoli behind. But the Newfoundland Re gi ment \l~ S not quite
f i ni shed \lith the Peni ns ul a y~ t, havinr. received or ders t o go over to Cape He l l e s
an d hold 'th ese lines until it \I~ !!I t hO\l~ht f i t to evacua t.e , The vho'leaeIe destruc t -
ion of stor es t o prevent them from falling lnt" t he ha nd s of t he enemy vas carried
out ver y systematically.
During the last days the Divl:'l1onal Cant e en was thrown
open t o all, an d the bcye did full justice
to the liberty of such a 'Well-~oc ked
l arder. But food alone did not ccepket e the contents of the ce nt.een , Clothing of
a l l kfnds, officers' equi pment, such a s revolvers, trenc h boots and coat. e , binoculars,
ccepa ee e e , charts, et.c , , all fell into the bands of the rank and file, but
orders ver-e i s sued that nothi ng 'Wa s t o be t.eken a'Jay.
Spl e ndi d mot or cy cles were eeasked int o scr ap ironl tom, of explosives were
placed in the IIline t unneled in the f ace of the cl i f f , also all flafllTRable materials,
end the last night, vhen the boys had t r i cke d the vily Turk f or t he second time J

- 33 -
th ~ cr e w of a Destroyer put a mat ch to t he fu se lind up went t he cli ff and so me
hun dred s of Qmmunition. Our boye ve r-e now finished wi th C81lipol l , end a few
weeks of hard trlllnlnr, a ad ted t helll i n Sue z be fore e mbgrk1n ~ f or the main t.heat.r -e
of the Great War.
The nights at W'andsworth were usuaLky paesed in the Concer t HallJ a good
pr ogr alll1Dc cou l d always be guer-a nteed , 88 many of t he performer s were the leaders
of St ag el a nd . This viII illustrate the pa s s inr;: of Il si ng l e day in t he 3rd. L.G .R.,
that Le , when not III bed patient. About 4 A.M. nurse creeps round ycrur bed lind r-arae
~ -~~ther~~e t e r- i nt o i~r 1.000th- a n d 7-ehUckl~-;~ a t- ·y~r e ",~r-;~ !'I f'; lIlen t on 8ud d e ~ lY aVa k~ ~~- - ~--'"
eningJ she then lets you go a nd eet anot her nap. Six A. M., t .vo of us JUJU? aut end
:anl"lllck the pantry f or tea, 5ul";.Qr, Tlsi1k, buns, e t c . ; after doinr; full justice
to
a find, we help S is t ~ r to make bed s . 7:30 A.M., br-eakf's et , and t he n tackle the
dishes an d va sh t.hera cl o .Q n , tha t
j ob i s for the un lucky fello\l vith 'tv c good
band e , 8 :30 A.M., ve play bill1:l.rds in the Rec r e ation Rooa or stay in t he '.lard
and read the morning papers. 10.00 A.M., Sister mobilizes the ~ang and keeps us
tocether to a\lRit t he Doctor.
11.00 A.M. , Dec t or- a r-rd ve e and recommend s t reatment,
dres se s wounds, mar -ks t he Med iea l Histor y Sheets an d then goes . 11:30 A.H., ....e
hand around the Re cr e a t i on Room and watch our chance for eor-e bil1i8rds. 1:00 P .M.
dinner, an d then 'pr e pa r e for a eot.or- dr i ve . 2 :30 P .M. , a line of motor c ar s arrive
and ve f:;o eff to good ne ee knees where for a tlpi n ; ve go over Hampstead Heath end
i nt o Surrey ; \10 st op at W&lton a nd ae ke for another dir ection . CtJCli ng ba ck 'We ca l l
a halt at Epsom and have hot bcvrdL, 5: 00 P .M. , 'We return for tea and make a rush
for tho Concert Hal l to hear the Royal Nava l Air Service in one of their special s .
\o1e have a very enjoyable evenfng , and at 7: 30 ....0 return to our \lllrd for supper.
8: 30 P.M., Sist er s t i l l roundin ~ up fellows who are shi r king tho blankets. Ni,;ht,
Si ster arrives a nd \10 are to all appea r-ancea s l e ep ing sou nd , unti l the day Sister

- 34 -
r;ees, a nd the W~rd r e tur-ne to life and exe be nge a greetdnga with air cushions ,
pilloY:'> , e t ci Siste r prot ests and ve all sle ep unwillingly. Motor dri ve s, bunt
,
fights a nd a ovde s a ad e the days in lJlilndfl\Jorth s pin, and on the 21s t . February,
191 6, I was twisted into sokdd e r e ' togs en ce again and 'thr-ovn out into the vfde
vc r'Ld t o ~o a nd " padd l e 'fAy own canoe" f or t e n da ye ,
Ar.d '~ ow for a j olly ~ood life in Gre.at London. Nothing dry about the little
vil lage , boya k And 1t 180 l t the " town pump" t ha t ha l"! mad e i t wet. The r e 1 s no
ne ce s sity of descr ibi ng t he str a nd by moonlight . Hush t there are vondez-IuL domj s
t here! ~Yon· can ~d aU e.beut 1t in t.be ~:zw:wspapers1.· :&.aft. t .bose Re vdeve , how
magnetiet The 11ttle ~irlB with t heir long dr esses a nd high c o'l.Lar-s , v ooken s tocki
DgS and ch est pr-ctect.or-e t Oht they look so cosy ! You ha ve no i dea \lhat a warm
bun ch they are until you
have se e n t hem.
But t heatr es and gi rls do not oc cu py all yo ur time i n London. I did a l i t tle
bi t of sit;ht-seeing, M 'l'ou eeandt e vax-vcr-ke , was one of t he fir6t pka ce e I visited.
I n the Il ain r cca 1111 t he cr-cvn ed hea ds of Europe were stand ing in a group chatti ng .
The famou s Qviators of pre-war days ....ere doing Lf kevfse , Henry the Eieht h was there
with hie 'Jives, quite a s prinkling of royalt y . And dovn in t.he CbMn:ber of Horrors
Charlie Peac e and his victims ver-e exhibited. Doc t or Crippe n the bad boy va s there .
Opl w:a de ns , Court Room ecenee , an old ce l l contRinlng t he f61 I'QOUS crim1.ml.1 JQck
She phar d , and han ~ln~ ar-ound the valls vere mi scellaneous ins truments used by
eur-der-er e , They were horrorsl At t he en trance I a s ked a po kf ce e a n i f he coul d tell
me the time , but t hat Le !'Something a vex flr;ure cannot, do .
I went t o buy a guide-book frOD. a girl at t he desk , but got another un euepect,-,
ed surprise. HO\I life-look they do make 'thos e figureet You need t o ke ep your eyes
open at t he \J8X\1orks. One hour V8S quit e sufficient to t.a ke a good. l ook around a nd
after that I ve nt to t he Zoo .

- 35 -
felt qu ite at hcee t.here \lith the an lmls . The monkeys sav me cOlllln~ and
lDobil i zed to meet the eho ver- , Th e pa r-r-ct.e wer-e co nver -ef ng among t.herase Ivea a s t o
our probably nationa l1 t;; one bi g fello\l ehout.ed, " HeLko , Cockn ey! How ar-e yo u ll ?
Th e lions ve r-e roar i ng for dinne r . The brown bears ver -e pT6lncl n~ around e njoying
the eun ebfne , The sleepy elephant be gged f or frui t with their l ong t.runke , The
ee a Ls and se a 11 0n s 5\lam llil.zily in t heir va ter-y hcmee , The pe acocks vere proudl y
spr ead i ng their beautifully color ed tails a nd ma jestical ly patrol ling t heir ca ge s.
Quite 11 rev of our boy s out on Jur-Icugb ver-e visiting the Zoo t holt da y , We
\le;e~Xi -m~~e ':;'-h~~ ·Pl e:=;~~~th~·~~hi~~; ;'~:a \l - t h e;~ ~~ · · ;~~ ~i±~3-::S= :-~:-~ ~ :: : .:. ..:.:~~
My ne xt move va e t he Par l h ment Buildings . I just va Lked t.hr-ougb the House
o~ ~omIl'lOn8 8nd. the House of Lords a nd came out a ga In , so it is l i t t le I c an tel l
you of th18 old historic building .
I we nt to West minister Abbey, but only remained 8 Iev minutes a s t he day ve e
f a i r l y veIl sp e nt. , So I went a nd had eon e t e a at Lyons end finished up with the
theatr e .
London being ne v t o a e those da ys, I va s a nx i ou s t o ge t into mor e f amiliar
surroun di ngs, s o I made up my ra1nd to leave f or Edi nburgh . Dut the de ar old t.ovn
had c ha ng ed c orapl~ telYI many, i f not all the so ldiers had gone ove r-seas end t hings
vere de a d i n corepar-Lson to the days vhen the First Nev foWld land Regiment ver e doing
gar -r-Lso n duty in the Castl e . E l ~hte ~ n mont hs of war had ereat l y altered e ve r ythi ng.
The buffet s were les s f r equ ented , but the t heatr es vft hhe Id t he cr owdI Peter Pe n
at the Roya l br -ought. a full hou se-c-t.his be ing one of the best pantornines ever
produced.
Holyrood Pa l ace was now ope n t o the pub l ic , II ffordl n~ a good chance t o see the
ate ge up on which the ao s t, t r ag ic per-te ver-e play ed i n the life of Mary qu e en of
Sc ot s . In her sitting r oom a brass pl ate on the f l oor marks the spot wher-e the

ttl. 91( Nfid
THR JJNKm
( Ii. r.

- 2 -
all his glory. In my cpf on, many an d IDQny II; first cIaea nJavIer" l os t his bardea
r-ned Levr-eLs through the unfor-tunate cfr-cura et.ance of havdng tho jinker smuggled
on board, e1 t.her- through the influence of the merchant J
t o whom he owed a large
amount, vhfch accum ulated spring after spr i ng , or otherwise t hat the sid.pper vas
impo sed on by his tidy an d he althy a ppear-ance , lind vas thereby induced to give him
II; berth to the ice-fields .
I knew one fellow in pa r-t d.cu'lar , vho, to look at, one would think to be II;
first-class man on a pa n , well qualified to drag his "toW!1 of eight or ni ne whi t o­
coat.s ( i f t.hey got them) 51B 'Jell as any man on board , The ship in which he would
eet a berth and sail 'Would sail with fbg:'! flying and cheers echoing and r -e-enact.-,
ing o'er hill and t-hrough dale , an d would return \lith so many dozen vhftecoat.e ,
that i s, if s he did return all and not be Le et, in the Lcef'L oe s of f the \:a dha ms or
i n t he strain of Bac ca Heu ,
Rea Hy, for about twen ty- five ye ar-s he tt j i nked tt ev ery se.al1ng master he vent,
\lith, an d I distinctly remember Don Lander-s a nd t he rest of the boys, while in
c onver-eatdcn 8t t.he co r -ne r , exclaim , "Just vs t eh the Sisters , Wav f , Confederate ,
aa bhe case mli.Y be J Jonah baa a berth in her, and h" is sure to j i nk her-I" And
sure enough, it vou 'ld aIvaye turn out right . When I grew up a bit, I determined
to keep my_eye on this fQ~ ;"j1'n ke~ ; .~nd ""one Spring he- ;ent wit~capt . J a e-. L.
Keefe in the j·larill, and I'm b'Le s se d if Cap t . Jim didn't miss the rat ,
Another year, however, he ma nage d it, he vent, \lith the greatest ~eQl-killer
of them all, C.a:pt.a:in Daniel Gr e en , in the brigantine Su sa n ; an d sur-e Capt ;' Dan
hear-d
that his brother Tom vae jam.illed in 'White Bay in the brig ....1lliam Whalen,
Capt . Dan, left the seals, an d hurried t o hi s e asda t ance , got jammed, and
for the
first t.f rae 1n my remembr-ance returned t o port vith a smAll trip , lind to mak e
mat .te r-s vo r-ee , 'ther-e \I:.I S no truth in the r e por-t, of bfs brother bedng jammed at all.

to
other exploits of that famous Viking and succeseI'u L
- J -
What Ii.
cont.r-a et
the
merchant! Upon one occasion many yelio.TS a go , when all the fleet: vec-e taking it
eiilSY at, the vharf , durIng a strange breeze of NNF. .....ind, Capt. Dan, in the brie
Laur-e L, all ready for sea , with the bow line made faat to the old brig Dolphin,
end
the stern line to his own gump-head , walked proudly down the wharf. through
hundreds of people, wishing 51.11 good -bye , and stepping on board the good ship
gave orders to "Let. go the bow Lf.ne'' t Her head swung round. Then came the next
order, "Let, go the stern Lm e v l , and away she went 'With all canvas on her . He
beat her round Cape st. Francis, passed Cape Ballard, and
got on the outside of
the Lce , which 'WaS coming up fast and filling the Bay . vhen the other vessels
'Were getting clear of Comept.Lon Bay, Capt . Dan ve s returning with flagsflY'itlg
and over six thousand seals on board. And didnIt they fire volley after vo l ley
oppoefte the Custom House in Hanbor- Gr-ace as the Laurel passed up the harbor
under full canvas , with the wind on the beam. But I guarantee t he jinker was not
on board on that memorable occasion .
Even i n our little social clubs 'the jfnker is to be found . ' One case wilt·
suffice . I do not pretend to be a good card-player, but ovfng to my intercourse
va.t.h the old skippers at home , I can playa fairly good game-limited to five ce nt s-
. ,,- . ~. -- ,'- ',' ='
five and forties . Well orten -my partners and I vcu'ld be going ebead swim:ningl:r
'With a good run of luck and careful play. SuddenLy a ce rtain friend of mine 'Would
eque't himself down at my e Lbow, when prest.ot c-the scene would change , and I' d want
the Bank of Hontreal at my back to keep mys.eLf a float. Five cents after five cents
would disappear, and l id be compelled to give up in dd.eguet, , 8R well as becoming a
financial wreck . I have endeavored to prove t.he t, the jln'ker is not. a fake, but,
unfort.un.

- 4 -
ac r-ose the At.Lunt dc he would make t he passag e i n ten or e I ev e n da y s without the
l os s of a r-at.Lfn , :,0 nht.ter on what ve s s el he went to the eeaI f'Lsher'y he was
boun d to c ome in lo~_lOB ded.
t~ o'W' for 8 case in po:int : There WS ft a fe110\1 named Gr i f fin-a long lanky fell ow,
as crooked a s a cork-s cre\ol. To look a t him you vou.Id not think him capable of dr-ag g-,
ing a herring off t .he fire. Ye t f or over thirty year~, no mat ter where he vent,
su cce es vas su r e to f oll oW' hi m. Of cour-se , he spent the money as quickly a e he fDJ:l CPit.
Upon on e occasion he shipped 'With Capt. Sam Gor don, in the br-Lgt , , Hinnie, a nd
vas just ab out to put his box on board . "D•• • i f 1 111 go in her", sadd he, and off
he ve nt. \lith his box . He sa w Hr . Nunn , the merchant, an d told him he was not goi ng
in the Hi nnle .. IlYou illUs t" , sa id Hr . J.fUIl.'1.. "1 1 m blessed if I will , I WQnt to go
in the Glengarry this Spring", s ai d t.he
l a nky fellow; and Mr. Nunn who had a great
liking for him humor-ed his whim .
The brie Glenga r r y t hat ye ar (1 871) was commanded by Capt edn r;ich ol'ls Hanr a ha n ,
and she arrived in Harbor Gr a ce \lith 11,0CK> seale, pr obab l y the i lil.rge :-t trip on
record in a sailing ve aeeL , The crew shar ed eoout, two hundred and twenty dollars
per ....an ; ..- T'he nex t -.yellr G.:;'ifr1a- ·.~nt. .in-..t.be- !.l.inn i~ , and re turn e~ \li t. b 7 ,200.
I might go on enuaerating other instance s wherein t he lucky fellow sh oved up ,
but I think t he above is amply suff ici en t .

--
//1 , ;,t5-
In J une 1865 a gentleman f r oiD Engbnd J by t he name of Hr . Lundy , arrived
t
her e ( Heart' s Content) to prepare a t~l!lpor.ry offic"J·f or the i nstallation of the
Atlan t i c C"ble , ..hich va :'! ex pected t o be lai d i n thJl.t year, but vhfcb ..... 05, unfor-t-,
una te1:r, broken i n mi d-oce an .
He s uc ceeded in .o~~ aln l ng a dwelUng hou se about 24 by 11 and 14 f eet high,
t hat was un de r construct i on by Hr . J emee Legge, Sr-, , of Hea r t 's Cont e nt , ed'tua t .ed
i n close proximity to the present Cable Ofrice •
He e mploye d Mr. J . H.M. Moor e as I'or-emen to put the building' i n su i t a bl e
c ondi tion for t he i n st illat ion of t he ca b'le , He also empl oyed a s vcr-kmen Hr .
JUles Moor e , Sr . , Mr. Jonathan Hopki ns, Hr . 'I'hoa , Jeans and Hr . Jllmes Legge . In
about f iftee n or sixte en daye the v ood - wcr-k and papering wae oomp:eted . Hr . Lundy
a Leo obtained the services of Mr . Al exsnder Smith , stone cutte r , frOll St. John 's,
to build the pedestals f or the reception of the gaIvanometer -e,
The Cable Office vae l ocated in t he North part of t he buildin!;__t.he New York ,
___Ne~oun cn~ n~ _ .a r:d London Te). eg raph ~~~ lce ~~illg i ~ ~~tt~~~th_p_",l'.!' . _
Ships in)
'Wa i t i ne)
In July 1866, the ships began to arrive. They c omprised H.H.S .
Royalist e nd GaLat.ea , propell ed by naf.Le , with au xiliary ste8mJ
of a ppr-ox draat.eIy 350 t.ona each, and t h"J surveyi ng boa t Ha rguerita St e phens on ,
Capta i n Kerr , whi ch lat t e r ship had been her e t.vc or three previous eeaeon e , s o a s
t o have ever ything coepke t e for bbe a r r i val of the Gre at Eaate r-n, commande d by
Captai n J .m ~5 Ander-eon ,
Whe n t.he time dr-ev near f or 'th e arri va l of th~ Great Ee et.er-n, t he vis.1 tors
c ommence d to pou r i n until t here va e sc arce l y sleeping r -oca , every a vailable

- 3 -
thb 1s no ~x "gge rlltion . A Hr . Power , of Carbonear , find a Hr . Kenned y of Har-borcrece
, ma nag e d to secure tw o houses that were lying vacant (the familie s being on
the Labrador) , where 'they installed a drop of the cup that dnebr-Late e , Ther e
vere also t.ent-e erected in fields and on Carbonear road for the same purpose-c.
ever y person being ufter t he " a lmight y dollar".
Retro- )
apectdve}
Before the landing of the cable in 1866 the i ndustrie e of the town
of Heart's Content vere practically codf ishe r y and
scalflshcry, and
buil di ng :'lCluar e -ri eger ~ of ill bout 120 or 130 tons for t he prosecution of those
fisherie s . Shipbuildlng,ho\Jever , vae gradua l ly dying out, ateemer-s having be en
introduced into t he s ealfisher y .
There ~r~ t hree pdaces of bu si ne s s un der t.he propriet orship of Ridley & Sons­
Josep h Hopk dn e a nd Ella :'! \rl'&rren , re sp e ctdve Iy, Tbe ee 'Were su pplying hou eea , The
former vas a branch busf ne e s of Ri dl ey & Sons , Harbor Grace . The Lat.t.er- two were
sbfpovner-a-doeeph Hopkins ovmng the GleBner and
El iR s Wlirren the 1>.nz101), both
being seilll _hun t crs .
The )
4ndi ng )
The 27th . day of July,1866 , WD S ce r t ainl y a red letter dilly for the
t.ovn of He ar t 's Content . I n t he olilrly morning , there va a a dense
f og l yi ng on the va t er-s of Trinity Day , so that t he fishing folk, pu r-eudng their
calli n~_ i o -~~ tCh t he.... c od--:;-t- tb\"" -d;i~break, cOuld-"scarcely, grope -tiieirlia.y~to-thei.T--~ -
haunt.s, ill s hor t. distanc e from t.he shor e . About 6 A.l.f., the f og lifted iii little,
and the fi~herrnen up lit iii pkac e called Fre ab ve t e r-, about four miles \: . 5 .'.l . froiD.
Hea rt' s Content , eav iii ship lying, a ppe rentdy no t knO'Jine her whereabouts . They
e esuaed ebe va s one of the convoy of the Great Eastern, and accordingly dir ected
her which WilY to make the port of Heart's Content ; and the ship , vhfch proved t o
be the Al ba my,
succeede d in t aki ng up her be r t h about t.be centre of 'the ha rbor, a
positi on bet.veen the prese nt Cab l e Of fic~ an d Ott f!r Point.

- 3 -
The
fishermen t o the e a at .var -d of t he bar-ber- did not s ee the shi p that made
in at Freshwater, but vhe n t.be fog lifted they
sighted something large about N.n.E.
CrOll them, vhfch some .!'laid must
be Duck I s l ilnd, but a f t er -va r -de turned out to be
the Great Easrt ern , As the morning gre w t he fog df eper-eed and ex po sed the r emainder
of the ships, and it turned out to be a l ove ly bright summer day.
The Gr eat Ea et.ern , a f t er laying ",hat oc ea n cab l e va s required, buoye d t he en d
Mod proce eded in t he harbor a bou t 11 A .M.
The Med wOily picke d up t he ocean cab le j ust out side the harbor , sp lice d on the
shor e-end Rod proceeded towards t he I a nddng pkace , opposite the pre se nt ca ble
officf'J . H.t-f.S . Terribl e 611 80 took up her berth t o t he South of t he Gr e a t Eastern .
The Hed w. y procee ded t.ovard s t he shor e a e ne ar
a s possibl e and cropped ancbcr-,
and the shore -end ....at! transferred to t he boat. a a nd brought to the shor e . The
sailors ve r -e so ex ci t e d tha t
they ju.. pe d in t he va t e r- to their wa i st s an d pull ed
it into the beach, f1nddst e nt hu sias t i c ch ee r-Ing an d shouting .
A l i t t le episode ha ppen ed j ust at t his t.Le re, ebo....ine the pluck a nd da r-dug of
t he ladles. One of them , Ht-e , J ohn Bemister , (Wife of the l ate Sher iff Bemiste r
of Har-bor- Gr ace) wa s so enthusiastic over th~ pu l ling of t he cab le tha t (to have
"'- ~ ~ t ,t o :'! 3 Y_ ~ l:i~,,"-h~lpe d . p-u l l. t!-J ,_ s l)e.~ ;n a_n a e e2. J O..ee.L dg..~ ~~ h!'

Roya l )
Salute )
Hr . Fiold)
Cha i r ed )
- 4 -
( t he 'l'er-r-fbke , the Royalist a nd the GaIa t da } they fired a Roya l
Sa l ute , a nd , 1n t he a esntdme , the ea f .Lor-a hoisted Hr . Cynl~ Field
onto II cbil ir an d ca r-r -Ied hi m t hroug h a por tion of the t o\ffl, ami d
enthusi.f1tic che er ing from t he" concourse of peo ple t hat fol l owed, after which Mr.
Field and the cf'f'Lcer- e of t he expedition e nd other-a repaired t o II. Thanla!!giviIlg
Servi ce in the Anglican Church, where II
eer-aon 'Was preached by the Rev . George
Gar diner {t.he founder of the Societ y of Uni t ed Fishermen) the text bedng, "And
there 'W~~ no more seaII j and all present joined 1n the noble pr-ayer-a and litureY
of the Church of Engl a nd .
Th i:!l r-ea LLy finl ~he s t he a c c ount of t he landing of the first At h mt i c Cable,
an d the most intere s tin~ inci dents conne cted tber-evft.h, ~:I f'ar- 8 :'1 t he writer' s
m~l20ry ca n f urnd.eh a nd inforn~ti on ca n be gleaned a t, t he pr esent; but ae t he
Great East e r n' s v ork f or that sea so n vae no t acc ceap'ldsh ed (the i ntention being to
try an d recover the ca ble that \1a 81 broke n i n 186 5 in e dd-ccean}, I
shall nov pa ea
on under a di fferent de addng , vix:-
-- --" "T-h;- Re c~ er i;;g II nd -'Su-C-ce .!l~ rul l~ yi ;gof the Cable broken "i n 1865".
While the Great F.R~ t e r n va e coaling the AlbQny an d H.l-l.S . Terrible proceeded
=-_ to ~he locality in whi ch t he c~ ble of 1865 had broken, and t .ook '.l p _ th_e~ pt':l':sitions
~-~:-~~a i t ~-~i-~~~~-· it r ival -oaf the- G r~ar;i~-te~n - lI n~~~:;Z~ y~" ~~ :~-~~~ : ~~~::~t ; ~~~~:c -- --:
Content on Augu st 9th.-for the purpose, if po e ed bke , of recovering the lost cable
of 1865, an d sp lice a nev portion of ca b'le to it, and lay it to H~artl s Content .
"186 5 Cable Recove r ~d a nd lilid-liev Of fice
Tbi!! was su cc e eefu 'lIy a c complished, a f ter very great
di fficul t i e",
September- 7th . , 1966. I n t he me a ntime Hr . Col l e t t , t .be Supe r i ntend ent , who ca ne
on t he Gr ea t Easber n , succeed ed in pur-chaedng the property of Mr . Elias W'lirren for
t he At lantic T e l"'~r ap b Company , and errter-e d i nt o 51 contract with M f!:;'I :l r ~ . J &. J.'!'.

• I
- 5 -
Sont.hcot-t for buildi ng a ne w office, whi ch Wil l' f inishe d early in 1867, i t
bedng
divided i nt o two spacfoue apa r-t ment.s , the New York, Nevfound Iand and London
'I eIegr-eph Ocap any being :1n t.he Nor t h part,
into whicb the Land Hnes were Inl'lh.lled
, ~tr . W'add e l l being Super-Irrt e nde nt , an d t-he At l a ntic Te I egr-apb CO:lpany taking
the Sout h pa r t , int o whi ch the ca bl es wer e installed, \lith Hr . Ezr a W~~dOR il l"
Supe r i nt ende nt , Hr. Collett, the firl'lt Super-f rrt end ent, hav d ng l eft fo r England in
t he F.ll of 1866 .
I will nO\J c l os e this na rrative by givlnft the na mes of the first cable staff . -
Mr. Ezr a Weedo n J
SuperintenClen t
n
Fr-ank Perry, Cf.er-k
" Char-Lea Trippe n
II \lillbm ~ood c oc k , Cl erk
R
II
J aCles Bartlett
Geor ge Unicume
" I saac H. Ange l
" Wi l liam,Dickin!!lon , Elect rician
" John Sullivan , Accountant
II Ceo E . Charlt on , Out -door Over-see r ,
-~ .~; --::':~:~·~~~~;ii~~~i·on· ~Tttb-; :C'~~i~~;-t;ttI ~};I~d=1-;;~·t·h~-:' Greft\, ·-E~·~~~n75.~ · -~ ::'- .~::- ' -~

III
'1,'/0
1919 - THo MAIN PATCH _ 1919
IS IT THE ONLY ONE?
( By H. F . Shortis. Hi~toriofrrapher)
We kno w from experience during the past six or seven years thHt vben the
eteaner-e str ike the se als a nd secure frOl'l one hundred e nd sixty to. one hundred
and eighty t housand the news froll t he f ront invariably vfnd e up 'oIit h t he r e mar k
that "the main patch is cut up" . Thu e t he question presents itself: Are those
the only seals on the oceen-c-de this the only large patch, and, acr-e i:Dporhnt
stl1l, do all the seals vhe'Ip at the one date and on the same i ce ?
This is the point that I
sha ll endeavor to unravel, my i nf ormat i on bAing
received froo the 1II0st experienced eeaLklLler-e of the paat. , and froll other
pract ical and experienced sealers vho are still 1n t he I 'Ienh Q!lIongst us . I n my
boyhood days I visited the hen sea of the old eea Idng maet.er-e end
lis t en ed loIith
the greatest attention to the Viking~ as they dfecuaeed the aovenent.e a nd lulbitl'
of the $e819 .
Many of those old See Kings ver-e vej.L educated, intelligent, as
well as practical men in their noble avocation i n life, and aede the sealfishery
a point of study . I t 18 true very few of the", placed their . i d ea ~ in 'Jr1ting,
which 18 much t o be r egre t t e d , a nd , beeadea, W8 had very fe y nev epa pe r-a published
in t.he c oun try in t hose days" even if they ve r-e ddapoeed to do !"I0 • They talked
OV~~ ~atter3 a t their own~-fu~~ide:oi and -:i·h61r-~onve~~ tlin --and P1c ttC~ 1 i deas
would be invaluable today, i f we only poeaeseed them in vr-Lt Lng ,
One old Sea King
in part icular cOm:Bitted hi e Ldea e a nd practical knovkedge to vri ting , but after he
retired f roo the prosecution of the sealfillhery his invaluable r e c or d dlsappeQred ,
and I could never a ecer-t.edn what had become of them . Thh old Viking JIl8intained
that the se a I vhe Iped t .vfce a year J on the Labr ador and Newfou ndland coaet, about
the . last of Febr-uar-y, a nd in the ne i ghborhood of Neve ZCMbla i n the f a r North,
durinp, t he summer . He l aughed 5lt the ideQ that the feraa Ie se a L would carry her-
~(A;pl"(bn/'; O~rr) t;:jl-!,~ ~ 0-P0-"J . ':£ 1/ (:' ,,;SIuxb~ /
III) :39D U.tt.- tIt& r 'km~ ~) ~ ·rfltJk.tUJ .

_ 2 _
young for eleven months, and, furt.her , he ateted that he had known cases where the
f eRl81e seaL delivered tva young ones. This lI11n \las iii scholar, pcaeeeatng a know­
I
ledge of classics, natural history, Qatronolly, medicine, ebc , , lind could converse
upon any subject. He 'WIl S Ii most successful se al-killer for many yea r s, lind vas
worth many 'tboueande of" dollars--vh1ch he lost in specul ating a nd \lor king mineral
claims. He alway s mai nt ained t ha t Labr-ado r- and Newfound l and wer e r ich i n mineral .
He wor ke d II mine in Har-bor- Hdn and a lso on Labrador until
his f und s bec ea e ex-,
hausted ,
but still he vas a fiIi:a believer in the vea l t h that \las hidden aw y, and
only required capital to br i ng forth . This va s lIany ye ars ago, and Bel leisle today
proves co nc lusively the truth of his ver-da , and t he r e ports frOJllo outside speeulat -
or -s on Labr-sdor-, published in foreign paper-a, a l s o confina his optimistic a s se r tions .
I
mention t hese f acts to prove that the opinions and experience of such a man should
be heeded . His name wa s Cllopt. Michael Fitzgerald of Harbor Gr-ace • .
I t is strange, to my tdnd, that in the cays of the sealing fleet , vhe n for
many years -five hundred thous a nd eea Ls vere brought 1n (and sometimes over that
amoun t ) t hat all 'the ves:::els-did not strike t he !I~.ai.n Patch" . H.ny-vesaell'J -wouldarrive
that never sa .... or heard tell of other .vesse'ts for the Spring, and yet all
t.hcee ve s sels would have bumpe r t rips . Upon ar-rdvaL the ca pt ai ns would compar-e
notes and find out thllot t W7cvere m.any .nes apa rt e .OM $p r ine _ ~ particular ,
.--~
vhfch I r -ene aber- myself , the Lar-ge brig Hcunt.afneer- ws driven up
in the botton of
White BIl.Y, a nd the Capt ain t ried ever y means t o ge t out by bla sting , prizing , e t c , ,
but wi t hout lilvlilil, and one morning, a f t er daylight , they discovered t housa nds of
seals in all directions end the vho'le fleet could have loaded there bad they bee n
present . I think t.hat, WQS in 1868 . The Hourrt a f.nee r- brought i n 6,1.00, and could
have got ten l oa ds only the stern \l'HI injured a nd the capt a i n vas afraid to put
any more on board. He had to patch up the bo .... and be very careful on the passage

- 3 -
home.
While all those seals ver-e in White Bay many of the fleet were also
securing loads or good trips off Cape Bonavista and other directions .
\l1th r egar d to the movements and habd.t.e of the seals, very little, if any,
attempt ha s been made to investigate, more e specdeLIy of later yea rs.
One man
could have given us 'the most valuable information had anyone in authority thought
1t 'Wor t h his 'While to ask him and were he disposed to do 80, and that man \J8S the
late Ca pt . Arthur Jackman .
He p'Loved the Arctic Ocean in all directions, and
must undoubtedly have talked over t he matter with the inhabitants of t he Far North,
whose chief i ndu stry is the catching of seaLa , Those peop le 1n Iceland , Greenland,
Northern Labrador, et.c , , must necesser-Lky be interested in t.heae matters, but I
have never read or heard of any practical account of the movements or habits of
the seals until they come on our coast the last veek i n Februar-y or early in March .
Where do they go during the summer months? I mean the harps . And what has become
of the numerous herds of hoods?
We knov that to every old dog hood t hat vas
killed t.be r-e were at least ten bitches. It vee no child's play to tackle an old
dog hood , vhil s t it \M,S ccepar-atdve Iy easy vork' to dispose of the old female . The
F:squimos on Labrador cou ld give valuable information about the movements of the
eee'Le, but, I suppose , rev people took the trouble to ask them , and the very
- pos s i bi lit y -of OUr rindiniaut full pa rttculars viII be when t~ *e;'~~2? vill- .. _~.~
I • ~
take a prominent place in travelling through the air at sixty or a hundred miles
an hour, and we can purchase them aa cheaply as we can 8 black punt, at the present
day . Natural ists and scientists have done much the past qua rter of a century, but
t hey have exerted their
t al en t s very little in ddeccverdng t he movements, habits
and eve rything else connected vi t h seals. 1 t rus t it will not be like the tribe
of Indians vhich V8B df ecover-ed by the novelist ~ey became extinct.

- 4-
But to r eturn to the ekuafve mai n patch t hat \/'8 hear- s o much about. In t he
yoar 18$9, a friend of mine vho had been to the sealfishery for eighteen Springs,
and is 8 most r-eLfeb'Ie Sta n , \l 8E1 out in one of our stea mers . They struck the
"Mai n Patch" in si ght of the Grey ISlands and secured 8 big trip. At t he same
time the Esquimos at
Stag Bay , Jigp;er Tickle , Labrador, wer -e getting all they
required , and there were thousands of young ha rps there 88 far 8S the eye could
see . This \l8 S from the zjr-d , to the 26th. of March, and my i nformant, upon going
down to Labrador
in the early part of June, Bali the pelts, and received the information
from the Eskimos who lived and fished a t Stag Bey ; This, to my I:dnd, proves
conclusively t hAt there are more than one l ar ge patch, familiarly lmO\J11 as the
"Main Patch" .
Another old and experi enced seal -killer, Mr . 'l'boe , Stack, of Pe tty Harbor , who
vee
t\lenty- five years prosecuting the sealing industry, informs me that in 1871, he
vent. in the s t ea mship It:'alrus \lith the famou s Capt . Pierce J.:ullo'WIley ( f a t he r of Hr-e,
M.P . Cashin), and returned to st. John' s \lith over 10 , 000
Bea l s 88 the people vere
coming out of 10 o'clock r-tass . They et.ruck the vhftecoat.s on the 14t h. of March,
thirty-six miles South East of Cepe Bonavfet .a, On t.he second trip they sa i led on
the 26t h . Har-en, and on lith. April J.Q miles ENE off Bell I sle ran into 8 patch of
baro· 'Whelping in ~hf:let. ice . tbe ~ patch o~ls ex t.enddng i -ri--a":"'Nor"tfi :£'i!·~t ~ d i~ct l hn'eceeee
five or six miles And we or three miles i n breadth ; they then steamed through
them. and about eight miles further on struck a small patch of hoods .
Hr. Stack
8818 that all the breeding seals \lere young hitches. ThP.y had no saddles -on t.hea-,
he \litneflsed this himself and 1t is not from hearsay.
Mr James Gr-een , of ;/itless
Bay ,
can corroborate this eta teeent., end vho viII dispute the testimony of t.vo
such reliable, respected and pract ical men?
Anot.ber- experience Hr . St a ck was in the yeAr 1873. He \lOS then in the Ranger

- 5 -
'ol1th Capt . Mullowney, and he and
other-a verrt ashore i n a punt at Cape Donavist a
on the 8th. of Her-eb , end the l i ght -hou se keeper told them there ve r -e no seals
there t o be seen up to t hat date . Stil l at t ha t date Capt. WilliarD. J ackman vee
in the seals i n Green Bay .
The Ranger steamed back t o Fogo on the 1 5th. March,
and t he re vas no sign of
ice t here, yet, at the same time, the seals wera goi na
Squtb of the Funks on the out.s dde , an d Capt.. J ackman
in the Hawk a nd Capt. Kni ght
in t he Hector 'Were i n the whitecoats of f Battle Har bor . Labr ador, which was a long

- 6 -
Bailing vessels and prosecute the seaIf'Lsher-y as they did in years gone by. Ther-e
are not many sbeamer-« to contend against in these days, and the majority of them
are now very old and ......i11 soon pass out, of existence.
It does not need a pr-ophe-,
tic eye to For-esee that in the hunt after 'Wealth in the shape of mineral, timber
lands, et.c , ,
Labrador in the future 'Jill take a prominent p.lece , and if we ere to
judge from the reports of American, Canadian and other exp'Lorer-s, ecfent.Lat,s, et.c , ,
'Who have visited that portion of our Colony, these sources of wealth are in abund-,
ence , and only await the enterprise, capital and labor to develop them.
At the
same time ve should not lose Bight of the fact that 8 great portion of that country
be Long s to NevfoundIand , ....hich was fully proven by our l a t e illustrious Prelate
Archbishop Ho....ley in his little book, published some years ago, and 'We should take
every care to safeguard our interests, and, above all, the interests of our fisher...
men.
In the course of time, when many of us older folk will be flapping our little
....ings up aloft (l~t us hope on the front seats ....ith the harps and changers) , civilization
will be marching Northward and
Labrador will become a great producing
country, \.lith its mines, lunber mills.,- fishing industrlC's, etc:., 'and the Ilt6rchants"
will have their own fleets of beaeeLe to carry the products to market .
Up to a
feu years ago Siberia vas considered only a fitting place to send convdct.s-c-bar-r-en,
;:; - c - - .. - ._, -. l' - - -.--- - --- :----::.
desolate and the most miserable COWltryon. the face of the ear-the
Waht is it
today? If properly developed it would be, in fact it is recognized today, one of
the r-Lcbe st. countries in the world, only the Rueai.ens do not possess sense enough
to thank Providence for the great benefit conferred upon them . Then, what is to
hinder Labrador from becoming one of the most prosperous and productive portions
of the British Empire if all, or even half we rend about it turns out to be
ccr-reett
Alaska was not considered worth keeping a little over fifty years ago
'When the Ruasf.ens sold it to 'the United States for 8
few hundred thousand dollars.
Look at it t.odeyl

- 7 -
To my mind ve should make every endeavor to ascertain not-e about the seals
a nd t he i r movements, ha bits an d r e s or t s at ce r t a i n seasons of the year. There are
s cores of old sea Lchunt.er-a up Nor t h ( en d more particularly t he veteran Capt. Fr-ank
Ash) whose opinions would be dnv e luabke-c-vho possess funds of information if it
could be placed on record . They have studied the matter through lif e - t hey are
ob se rvant and they have heard their f orefathers talk 1t aver .
Particulars have
come dovn to them fror:l tradition, a nd I am sure any of tllebl vho vish
to expres s
their opinion s up on the " main patch" or any other patch, viII be r eadily given a
place in t he cc'lumn e of our newspapers to do 8 0 .
We r equire s Oll'lftthl ng Bound and
practical
1n the first place f rom ee n 'Who have visited the ice-floes from boyhood
. They mW'lt necessarily posess valuable information, and , after \1'3 eet 'thef.rvde
v a on the movements and
babd t e of se als, there viII be plenty of time to l i st en
to the naturalists and sc i ent ists a f t erw ards, and the pr obability i s they never
saw a seaI in t l':el r lives , except a s tuf f ed one in 8. MufleUlll. Anyhot./, scfentdets
or no s ci ent ists, we should do all in our pove r t o pre serve t.he bedfaee r- seals .
They are t he breeders of the future f or us to l ook a f ter . This last reear-k may
not be scientific, but it i s c ommon sens e .
,:,.-" -.
.~

!II . /-f() 0
ROHANCE OF THE LAW COUFTS - POLITICAL & SOCIAL
PROSECUTIOr-: OF THE LOrmON "GLOREI! 1915 _ THE PART
PIAJED IN A NE',wOUNOy,IW LIll EL SUIT SI XTY YEARS AGO
The prosecution by the Br itish Government a rev days ago, of the London
Globe, recalls the historic l i be l
suit of Tobin V8 Shea , t r i ed in the Supreme
Court at St. John's in the l a t e fifties, and
arising out of the publication 1n
the "Nevfoundkender-" of an extract from the above paper. Compared \lith 'What is
printed and published wh ole sal e today, the wor d s seem almost harmless and more
likely to provoke mirth than anger, but the man who constituted the public life
of those days, took matters more seriously, and perhaps 'Were more combative , and
put up with l e s s than the ordinary citizen does today.
The actual libel,
or article comp'ladned of, ve e 'Written by Father Prout, the
ve.LL-knovn author of t.he "Bells of Shand on'",
vh o at that time was the Paris correapondent,
of the London G'Lobej
it was published in the London edition of that
paper,
and republished here i n t he Newfoundlander, at that t i me owned and edited
__by . .tbe...late-Sir_Edw:lXd-..s~ , _.t hen _8 : membe Z'.-o~th~cuti.v.e.,..,.G~ ,...,.and-l:eprasent .,.. ~ ---= ==
ing Ferryland District i n the Legislature .
The plaintiff, the Han . Jamal'! Tobin,
at the time of t he publica t i on of the libel, V8S F'i.na ncdnI Secr e t ar y of the Colony,
~S~d;:~~:f~s~tffF;~tJ~ ~~,1~~Ci~Il;~~~d~~{~i;~rt l6f_-~h~~$;; - f-~ '::ck'l mae;~tt
hat the publication of the word s complained of led to his dismissal from
that
office . The suit cannot be regarded as an ordinary libel suit . It was taken up
and espoused by one political party, and condemned by the other . Public meetdngs
numbering over two thosand per-sons were
held previous to the trial, endorsing 'the
action of the defendant .
In Nevf'ound'Iend we have had more 'then one ce lebrated t rial of 8 historica l
character J i n both divisions of the Supreme Court, and anyone can sp end a plea sant

_ 2 _
date of the publication of t.he first volume . Of this class 'WRS the celebrated
action of Tobin VB Shes, 8 ~ celebre. 8 hfat.or-LcaL C8S~, 1n that incidently
t
it referred to what for nearly 8 century had been an important public question
in our Colonial life, one of international significance, viz-lithe French Shore
Question" , and also inasmuch AS the parties to the suit, judges, witnesses and
counsel, 'Were all citizens of prominence in the public, professional,
comaer-cfaL
and social
life of the Colony-while the writer of the l ibel ve s no less a personage
than Father Prout, the well_movn eut.hcr- of "The Bells of Shandon" .
To correctly appreciate t he circumstances surrounding thi ::J case J 8S well as
the incident 'Which led up to the libel suit, it viII be ne ce s sary to r-emember- that
Nevfound'lend ,
only a year previous (lB5S) rejected the Convention or proposed
settlement of the French Shore Question between Her- Majesty Quee n Victoria and t he
E:nperor of France , relative to the French fishing rights on the coast of Nevfcund-,
l a nd , vhd ch Convention ve s signed at London on January 14th. , 1857 .
The announcement that this Convention had been entered into 'pr ovoked consider -
able feeling in Newfoundland, not so much for the resson Uw.t £lny.rights or privileges
had
been conceded or given away , because the 20th. article of the Convention
rendered the instrument nugatory un less accepted or approved by the Nevfcund.Iand
- '- - -.- --- . 11
Legislature , but for t.he -raet-t h l!l: t anT -.~~t orConY~nt.ion· ~ vey1ng . such; con ~ ~- . ~
cessions to tho French shoul.d have been ent.er-tafned or considered . Th~ excitement
in the Colony was Lntenae and vfdespreed , Both parties in the Legislature united
i n opposition to it; delegations 'Were appointed to proceed to England to protest
against it, both political parties being represented thereon .
I n the month of May,
1·~57, the celebrated deapetch from Henry Leboucher-e , t.hen British Colonial
Secr-et.er-y,
\Jhlch has been termed the "Hewfoundland Har;nJ3. Carta" , 'Was received in
the Colony, announcdng t.bo ..,ithdralJ81 of the Convention , and laying dovn the

- J -
principles " tha t in f uture the co nse nt of the community of Nevf'ound I an d La on
essential preli min a r y to any mooification of he r ter ritorial or lJl9.ritime r i ght s" .
The rejection of t hia Convention l ed, in the f o'l.Lovdng year, to a n insist8nce
on t he par t
of the Frenc h fisherme n of t heir all eged fishine rights on our coast,
and
distrubances vera created i n con seq ue nce between our llev foundland fisher~ n
snd the Frenc h . At this j un ct ur e t he Londo n Globe published t he rolioving coeaun-,
lestion from its Pa r is cor r e s ponden ce:-
"The Fre nch ec rev f rigate Sesostius has brought to Brest Harbor three days'
later
dates t han las t coil, and brings account, of terrific riot ing by the fishermen
of St . J ohn ' s in cons eq uen ce of
supposed Fr enc h en cr-oechment.a on the river
fishing , 8~ well 8S the coast banks 1n t he Colony . The pr e se nt officials are
accused of playi ng into the hands of the foreigner by putting 8 ne v and false
dn t.er-pr-et.e t don on existing treat i es . tI.r . J udge Little is one of t.hose pub kfc
offenders and he ha s just brought frOl!l. Halifax a brother of hi s 0\111 t o ge t elected
i nto the Legislature as 8 member f or St . J ohn ' s . The people pelt ed t he n 6\1
candidate in spite of the Irish Bishop . Dr .. Mullock,. a -Fr'encf sc e n FriAr, \lbo, of
course , sided vith France . But he seriously damaged his popu larity a mong his
f lock thereby, a nd a collision be t.veen t he bark of Peter
"Gl obe Corresponrlent"
an d the c od smack s vue
j
"'.
Thi a wa s writte n by Re v . Father Maho ney , better kn own a s Fat.her- Prout .
The
Express , a newspa per then published i n St . J ohn ' 5 , edited by Mr . Set on , a \1"311-
kno vn corr espondent to Han . J a me s Tobin , 8 member of the Legi slative Caunci l , an d
then Fi na ncial Sec retary of t he Ookony , The f oll owi ng day, Tobin in a l e t t er to
the Times news paper, denied 8 ny connect.Ion, eLt.her- directly or
i ndi r e ct l y, wIth
the article in que st.f on , Follo1.ling upon this, the "Newfoundlander't of the next

- 4 -
dey, published the item in question ond
r-efused to admit the truth of Tobin'a
disclaimer . Previous to this end as a r e su l t of l i be l s by Tobin on the administration
of justice, Tobin' \l8 S dlsrdss~d by the Gove rnment of the day f'r-oa all offices
held by him .
The Plai nt i f f sued the proprietor of the NevfoundIande r- f or 11bel, l aying t he
damages a t -l,2,OOO. The f e I'e noe \l 8 S that "as a public journal they only did thei r
duty, and they would be unworthy of their posit ion did they not notice a rwnor of
un iversal not ori ety; one which f ixed upon a publ ic officer the au thorship of a
libel concerning t he best interests of the country" . Th" case came on f or t r ial
in due course, and vas heard before Chief Ju stice Brady and Hr . Justice Robinson
in January 1859 .
The full bench at that tioe consisted of Brady, Robinson and t he
late Phi lip Little, br other of t he l at e Chief J ustice , Sir Joseph Little. JUdge
Little, however, did not
take part in the trial , for the reas on of his identific _
ation wi t h the cfr-cumste ncea leading up to the su i t , the person r eferred to i n
the Globe correspondent as "I'he i:ew Candidate" , being his br ot her, t he l at e Sir
Joseph Ld.t.t.Ie , The plai ntiff's case wa s cond uc ted by t he l at e Sir HUSh Hayles,
And the late Sir Frederick Carter; vhile arrayed on the sdde of t.he defendant
....are George Hupot t, then Attorney General i n t he Kent Gover nment , Mr. Wood Q.C . ,
the late Sir Joseph LiftI,,: ane-j.:r . O'Dr1RColl--the latter bcln~.nOWl1 as ~ 4 _:'-:-:- - ._~~
Iris h Levyer- , The fir s t witnes s called f or t he pl.

- 5 -
knowledge of t he pu b'ld catdon of the article \Ja S r eceived from Hr . Walter Grieve,
and that Mr. Ambro se Shea a lso s poke to him of the ruraoz- a ga inst th", plaintiff .
(
The plaintiff swore that he was not t.he writer of t.be arti cl e , that he had dda-,
chimed the eut.hor-sbfp of the sa me , a nd t hat he had
been dd amfsee d from the office
of Fina nc i a l Se cretary on a cc ount of t he ho stil i t y produ ced by the article 1n
question . He a l so testified that his \life corresponded with he r s i s t e r vho lived
in Par is, ve s married to a Mr. Hewitt , and that Fa t her Pr out and Mrs . Hewitt knev
each other.
For the defence the Han . John Kent,
the then Prime l-Uni s t er and Colonial
Secretar y vas called, and score that the plai nt i f f had not been dismissed from
office in con se quence of t he article in questionk but on ecccunt- of other libels
t hat had been publish ed by him on the administration of justice.
Very consddereb'le int erest vas cre ated by this trial, and
it vou Id appear
frC7U the perusal of contemporary literature , as ve H
a s from the 18\.1 reports , that
v er y vdde upr e a d c oncer n va s manifested in t he ca se . As a matter of f a ct, from t he
evidence it a ppeared that a public meeting , at vhfch 2 , OOlYper~on5 had a 8~led
had been he Id previous t o the trial, a t vhfch Resol utions 'Were pa s sed condemnat.cc-y
of the action of the plaintiff, and in su pport of the "Nevfcundkander-" and the
articl e in that paper.
A ludicrous bit of evidence came out at the trial. It vee show t ha t 8 pre-,
limi nar y meeting to arrange f or the public meeting had been he Ld at Mr . P . J or dan ' s ,
water St ree t , the night be f ore t he public me e t i ng , an d thR,t some person, as 8 lark,
had stolen all the hats, and t.he Colonial Secr-e t .ery, Hr . Kent , had to bor-r-ow ft
" vi.de awake" to go home . Robinson char-g ed t.he jury i n .the case . The jury r etired
at 9 o tcfoc k, e nd not bfo:inp; ebIe to 8.,;re p. at U:)O, ver-e l ocked up for the nir-ht .
l'ext morning a t 11 o !cloc k , the jury stil l differing ver-e dfscbn r-ged , This ended

- 6 -
the t r ial. I have talked over this historical case \lit h my friend Si r Edward
Shell , then t he only survivor of all the cremates pe rsona" i n t ha t ce lebrated drama..
I l earned from Sir Edva~d thRt t he forema n of the jury va s 8 ve Ll.c-knovn citizen,
named J ohn Power, who had
live d i n st . John's for many yeare ; a nd ve s bett er kn own
as "Bi g J ohn Pove r-" from Wa t erf or d ..
Rev . Francis Sylveste r Haho ney , better
known as Father Prout , pries t , \lit a nd
poet, vas born in Cork in 1805, a nd di ed at Paris 1n 1886 . He 'Wa s ordained prie st ,
bu t devoted himl'lelf lorgely to literature . His linguistic pover-s, great Learnf ng ,
keen \.lit an d f e cundit y of r hyme pla ced him in the front
r ank, e ve n amongst the
brilliant men ....i t h vbosi he e saocf.eted , I hav e no r ec or d that he eve r became awar e
t ha t , un c ons cd ou aky ,
he 'Wa s the cau se of a r:ewfound land Lev sut t , 'Which at the time
created such excitement and brought t.oget.her- such an array of talent , judge s,
'Witnesses, parties to suit and counsel, 85 has r a r ely been equalled 1n t he history
of the Colony .
All 'Who took part i n that historic drama have passed oway , plaintiff ,
defendant, j udge s, wi t ne s se s and j ury . The present generation , .pa r ticu lar ly those
vhose privilege and
pleasure it has been t o share the r e spons i bilitie s of public
life, \lith 't.he Hon, Si r Fdvard Shea , can f orm a f airly c orrect e s t i mate of the
calibre of the uen , the ~T~~, Shea$", C'a-rtf"l"S, tent.s, takes, +~ S OO & , Elli"*,,.~
an d Pa r sons, who in "Ibe days of 158 11 foueht s o va liantly against French aggrese -,
i on and t.he indifference of Fnglish atetesaen to Colonial i nteres t s, a nd ca n
a ppre ci a te to some ex tent , the sterling patrioti sm an d r-ugged independen ce of those
men , amongst whom Sir Fdwsrd Shea ve e ce r-te fn Iy not the l e a st .

,lIE VALLEY Or' THE E:,PLOITS
CEnTr. Ho"l~.G .S .)
It i s now some t wenty yea r s since t.hf e article was first penned , but va rious
consideratLms pre vent ed 1tf! publication before .
Perhaps t he dread of being
classed 88 8 wi ld enthusiast and of arousing the r e se bili t y of those who might
condescend to r eed my optirnistical ef'f'usdon had
something to do ....ith its nonpublication
at t hat time .
The cross country railway bed not
r ea ched t his f av ored locality t ill year-n
after, nor , had i t s construction t hus far , been se r-Loue'Iy entert~i ned . Thi s gr-eat,
innovator has entirely revolutionized our ideas, And Je v \lil1 nov be found to
doubt, t he possibilities of the gr-and inheritance bequeathed to us .
But "time changes end we change \lith it ll • The prognostications i ndulged i n
t.vent.y years ago ore now bedng f ul f illed . The great ne w pulp en ter prises of the
Neasr-s , Harmso vr-t.h at Grand FeLfs , and t.he Albert Reid Co , , at Bf sbop t s Falls, are
destined to bring about the set.tIement. Ann cu Itdvatd on of this magni ficient valley ,
which I have no heaft.at.fon in snyine i~ capable of supplyinG nearly all the veget -,
.
e b'le and animal food ve now sume , But in my ....f Ldoat dr-eams I neve r contemplated
Hving t o seev a ci t y l ai d out and equipped with a l l t he most up-Lo-da te moder-n
Lapr-ove cen tc_~t_ ~ .i:e ~:!. te_,~k~~ :.Gr~ ~:,-~~~ ~. of . ~he . ~~oi ts .

- 2 -
up a dep oslt of Lead a nd zinc , ce r-r-ydng a n apprec iable amount of go 'ld neer- tho
shoren of Red I ndia n LAke, ....hich is pronounced to be of a most pr-ondsdng character .
The ori gi n of the ,.fame Exp loit!': , l i ke co ny others 1n Nevf'oundfend , is
shrouded in ob scurity.
Some pe r-so ns a r e inclined t o the belief that it Le a
cor-r-nptd.c.s from A French ....ord , and the fact that t he gr eat Bay of Notre Dame,
\lith meny of the pr incipal settlements 1n it, st i l l
bear t he f ep res s of their
Frenc h or igi n , ee ea a to lend wei eht t o this propo sition .
I r ather think, hove ver-,
that the name really originated with the early EngId.eh settlers, whose exploits
in the vay of fishing a nd hunting , not t he lea st of which vee the barbarous
mur-der- of
the unfort un a t e Red India ns, ver-e t o be ccameraor -at.ed by conferring this
na me upon the beautiful bay a nd rdver , The se Jur-r-f er-s , a s they vere called, vbo ,
to give them their due , ver-e a ha r dy a nd intrepid race , pushed
their \/8Y at a n
early da t e int o the r-eeot .e arms end i nlets, especial l y w~re Lber-e ver-e good r i vers
for sa lmon fi shing , about the mout hs of which they ueueHy se t t I ed down . The
Gender , the F..xploits and
the Indian Brook of HeLf.t e Bay vere the' three most
i mportant sa lmon et.a tc ona in. t~ s ection of t he LeLand , Certnif Inrl1vlduals vho
had sufficient i nfluen ce vf .t.h t.he "powe r-s that wer -e" i n those days, obtained a s or t
of prescr i pt i on r-Lght. to these river I'Lsher-Le s frorn the old II judicial monstrosity" ,
the Surr-ogat,e -C ourt ~ l . R~ts of ' .t"ho5a i:aOD opoli~ ~ still e7.1s~-and the ~rlieg- ' -=~ .. ~
vhc would at.t.etapt, to place a salmon ne t in t.he se ve ter-s t oday \ll th!n the pr escr -Ibe d
limi t s would ma ke a gr-eat. mista ke .
A con siderable numbe r
of men ver-e erap.lou ed in t.he prosecution of t.beae ea Imon
rfsher -Ie s , which vere a t firs t very lucra tive, e s pe ci ally vhen it i s considered
t ha t t.he only ...a ; ~j:> the mon r ece i ved berdde s thei r f ood and clothing va s an ut'.l1t1i t -
Pod suppl y of r-um, Two year-s ago (1886) one of t.he se ol d salmon f'Lsber- s , still
Hv1ne, informed me t hat. he c01l1

- 3 -
employer .
In vfnt.e r- time the sa lmon catchers were converted into hunters and tra ppe r s .
,
They were supplied wi t h guns, tra ps a nd ammunit ion, a nd distributed themselves in
f\mall gan~ throughout t.he f or e st 1n search of fur-bearing animals of the country;
hence their
name of furri er s, though toot term more properl y a pplie s t o dea lers 1n
fur .
The approaches t o the Exploits River ( f or t her e are several) from the grea t
Bay of Notre Dame constitutes pr obably the most
charming coast scener-y of l~ ewroun d_
land . An archipelago of islands , great and lit tle , stretches across f rom Per-eve I I
Head to the FAst, to Norther n Head on the '.test, the tvc poi nt s whi ch ronn the Bay
of Exploits proper. These points are about thir t y mi l e s apart, a nd within that
distance t here er-e at least a dozen passages l eading up t o t he e stuary.
Di ldo Run
and the Rea ch a r e two
long, oa r -r-ev, 'tur-tuoue channe ls, wi ndi ng t hrough bobyrinths
of islets, r ocks and shoals . Though difficult of navi gation , they are 00 wel l
AAOtm to t he r e s l c:e nt s of Fogo end Obeuge I slands thAt t hese pe ople invar iably
resort, especially t o the former , when pr-oceeddng up the Bay f or l umber end fir e ­
vood , A ; ~ flY be- supposedj the-scenery is of_the..:.Jllo,st .9xtraorGi,nary and pfctureeque
-- -~'"':- ~-:---:----
descript ion . There are said t o be t hre e hund red and sixty- five islands here , or
8S lilanj~a,s,4.heI'e__{!r~L!!8Y:8 . i n t.he year . The mai n entrance to t he bay, however,
la;~ ::~ :~~:-~e-s~:~i~e ,~~~::~~~~4~:~~~;~lOit ;;'-B\~~t.-~;~ l'his -i; -~ -_ - ,~
t.ermed the thip,31 Run on the charts. It is a lotic!e , deep, bold cha nnel, Leaddng
up bet.veen the mainland on t he we s t siile and' a number of emeH i s lands, a l l
present ing a variety of exquisite Land ccape , forming a truly beautiful picture .
Sailing u p through t.he maze of islands on a bright summer ' s day is i~de lightful 8
sea t rip as one could derdre , Ther-e ne ed be no anxiety on the score of !!!!!..1 !h !!!!rr.,
because the va ter- in ~i(~e the bey is- like 8 mill pond . I be Ideve t.her-e ere m!!n;r

- 4 -
s ce ne s i n other par-ts of t he vor -Id , made familiar to u s by pe n and br-ush of
t.eLent.ed, patriotic poets and artists , whi ch vou'ld in r eal i t y bear but e poor
compar-Lson with our own lovely Bay of Expl oi ts.
But it would t a ke volumes to
descr-Ibe it i n detei l , eve n i f any language were equal to the t.e sk , Fourteen miles
up the Run the Bay quickly nar-r-ows to about s i x miles an d 8
large vedge- eha ped isl
an d (Thwar t Island) laying in t he cent r e l eave s t wo mai n en trances t o the estuary,
one on either s ide . That on the ve st, sdd e a nd be t veen the i sla nd a nd the main
l and , i s t he one u su a1 1y res orted t o . Once pa s t Thwart I slBnd an d 8 10\01 point
opposite the main l a nd , calle d the point of the bay, ve are f airly \li t h! n t he:
estuary . Rieht ahe ad , on the Sou t h side , 8 deep cove ( Y,lli~ e ) is seen, whe re
a t hriving set.t.Iemen t. , with its ne at. , white cot t ag es, ope ns out t o vi ew . A penin-
----
aula j ut ting out from Kite Cove has on i t s outer shor e a l ong , 10w J sa ndy sp i t ,
wi th a shoe I r e a ching off nearly acros s the Ar m. This Le Lover Sandy Point 8 ve ry
pret t y spot . I m-seddeteIy behi nd It, on the pe ni nsul a , t here i ~ a peculiarly sha ped
hill call ed C~l. I t bears a s t riking r -ese mb'la nce t o a canoe dovn-edde-up,
A wi de open arm (N~m) l ays di r ect l y oppos dte on t he ....es t snde , I t has
quite 8 large and t hri vi ng se ttlement . The l a nd her e being ve r i- good, t he inh3bi t--
ants , a s ve H. as t hose of Ki t e Cove ,
c ombine eg r-Lcu 'ltur-e with fishing , and a r e very
ccafor-teb'le , _Se.ve r a l of. .t w"I1_Rre schooner- owner-a, who pr-ose cute the fi r>hery on t he
,- - ~ - ~ -_: .:.......-
labrador in SUJDm"!r t i mfl. They f ind, on t he i r r-etur -n, the c li tM~e up here ve ry euch
mor e f'ev ot-abke f or the drying a nd curing of fi sh than on t he fog-begirt out side
ebcre , Ca i n Point has a nothe r nice eet.t.Ieeent. , a nd Bur nt Arm, an othe r point, whi ch

- 5 -
'thr-ough t.he valley i nt o the head of the am. There iEl much mer.nificent iot erv",l
lend along tho cou rse of the r i vers. Cr-osaf.ng the mouth of Peter's Am 8 view is
obtained up t he valley a nd fa r away ve st .verd , Hodge 's Hill, one of t he highe st
peeks i n the LeIend , is seen t o r ear Lt.e ba re-topped SlL"l'\I'lli t high above tbe de ns e
derk forest .
Dominion Point, whe r-e Messrs . Wi nsor's l ar ge steam sa w-mi lls stand,
surrounded by t he nea t white cottages of the l wnbe r man, l a ys r i ght a head , s i t ua t ed
on a great curve of the western shor e , vhfch l e a ds up to lJigwam Point , an ot her of
those l ong, 1 010l sandy spits. The sout.h side , f rom Bur nt Arm to t he e nt .re nce of
Norris Arm, is pretty straight, and has an ex t en sive tract of wel l wooded countr y
stretching 8'WY to the e a s t ward .
The so i l ove r the greater- part of t bi R area is ve ry good , a nd i t s productive -
ne s s Le vej.L exemplified on the clearings of t he only two settlers here, br-otber-e,
named Gi l l. They r -et se a Lar-ge quantity of potatoes, turnips and other root crops
be sdde s hay, oats _a nd barley sufficien t f or their cattle . J ohn Gi ll disposes on
an avera ge of some 200 bar-r-eLa of pot at oe s e a ch year to the i nha bi tants of t he
ba r e r ocks outsi de, and has not to I eeve his farm to do so , a s t he schooners c ome
up to his v ery doo r-, He r ec eives i n excha nge flour , t e a , mo18s;~B , a nd a f Nl other
min or c ommoditie s. All his ott-er- vant.e are supplied f r om his fa rm . He btu" his own
- - b~ e f , pork, mutton, Ill ilk'ir- bttt t.~ r . eu :oJ , etc. , a nd ca n 11,e I'l ~ faw of us 1n St . J ohn 1 s
: -~~dream
of . Of cours e t he se peop'Ie are ve ry ccraf'or-t.e bfe , They are, moreover , good
exa mples of fishermen who have ent i rel y changed their occupation, and off er a direct
r -ef'u batdon of the falll'ciaus argument that a f'Leh er-ee n ca nno t be come a re r ner, Yet ,
.'
t hey are only tw o example s of hundreds I c ould c1t .e,
Two small islets l a y i n t.he middle of this pe r t. of the e st ua r y, en d have be en
nemed r -a'ther- ineligfm t l y, but very appropr iately , ItAI I i n the Road" t and "Right of
Wllyll . At lJif,Wsm Point '1 family of Mjcmac Indian s ar e prettily I oce t ed , They have

- 6 -
en excellent ga t-de n of fine, r i ch deep eotL, an d grow sp l e ndid crops of pot.at.oee ,
The crops gr-ovn on Capt . Winsor' s fa rm at Domfnfon Point, e Lao bear abundan t
I
testimony to the fertility of the so i l . I hav e se en wheat grown here whi ch II
Cenad i an farmer pronounce d to be 8S nne a grain e s he had ever seen .
Once past tligwam Poi nt ,
the Upper Sandy Poi nt , at the mouth of the r iver, and
the l ower reache s of the river itself are brought open on the on" hand, and Norris
Arm, 8 l ong narrow inlet st r e tching 8way eaat.ver-d f or nearly six miles, on t he
other . This Arm i s one of the most pi ct uresque p'Ie ce a in th., Day , and beautifully
situat ed , so 8 8 t o 11~ rieht in the eye of t he sun , being ",,,]1 shel t ered from all
the co l dest vfnda, A high ridge of "wooed hill s s t r etche s along its Southern efde ,
running ve r y straigh t a nd pointing up t o t .he Exploits Valley . Over this ridge, far
aV8Y to t he Sout .hva r-d, the faint bkue outl ine of Mount Peyton , near the western end
of the grea t Gander Lake , i s c.Ie ar-Iy discernab l e .
Upper San dy Point , whi ch marks the entrance to the river , i s also the furthe st
'---------
Umit of civilizati on . A t y pi cal s pecfeen of t.he old English se I mon catcher a nd
furri e r , and one of the f e'ol of t ha t 01",-",," su:rv ivine, dve Ll s here Ln a large , old
vooden hou se , once the pr ope r ty of t he Peyton f amily, who built an d occupied it for
many years 1n the go od ol d days of yore, when salmon were plentiful and
skins fetched a guinea per p~d .
".. :
be e ...er
The Peytona were nome of those vhc had acquired the monopoly of that lucrative
business in this favored loca lity, an d who exercise d over t he bay and river, an d
t.he dve'lI e r -s t he r e i n, s l gnaur i al authority. The large old hOURCI \lith its doub'le
cbilUleya , s t or es , out houses, vh ar-ve e , etc . , v cu'ld at once et c-fke the eye of 8
s t ranger 8 S evidence of bygone affluencf'). It i s a lovely, gr-een , Bunny slope , fit
for the t-eafd enc e of 8 prince .
One hundred and fifty milen of den se primerial for-e ut land , covered for the
1II0st pa r t over the sur-Ieee vf t .h 8 very su pe r -Lor- QU811ty of sof L, e tr-et.ehee ve at.ver-d

- 7 -
up the Valley of the Exploit:'! beyond the last r e s i de nt At Uppe r Sa ndy Point. It
vas t here ~ n the eeme condition vhe n Cabot sighted our shores nearly four centur i es
ago-the home of t.he dee r , the beever , the a e r-t en , a nd the aborigina l Beothfc , I t
is t rue 'We have l ong s i nce i mproved the lat tor off the fa ce of t he earth, but, un-,
like our co nt i nen t a l nedghbora , 'We have not occupied hfs place. Another dusky
de ni ze n of the f or-esbc-- t.be
se!lli-ei vilh.ed Hicmllc from Cape Br eton- has usurped his
birthright find still pursues, unt.r-aereeIed; the objects of the cha se over t he wide
ex panse of territoryJ destined to be s ome day t he homea of thousands of human beings
enga ge d in the more
stepde occupation of agri cu l ture , l umbering a nd various manufectarr
e s ,
Geographi cal}
Descriptions)
etc. }
In describi ng t he river prope r I ha ve thought it best to reverse
the order by co:nroen cing with t he s ource or bee d-veters , a nd then
tra ce it downwards t o i t s junction \li t h the bay at Upper Sandy Point .
The River o~ Exploits i s by f a r the largest end most i mportan t of t he drainage
systems of this gr eat i sland. The extent an d magnificen ce of its forests, fert_
i lity of its soil , grandeu r of i t s sce ne r -y, end the histor i cal r ernini:-eence s CO:'Ul ­
ect ed vith it, of the on ce- proud aborfirn !ll Beothfc, vho r-oe eed et viTI alon~ i t s
vooden margins, or
paddled his frail canoe up an d down its noble waters , place it
before all others in th8 ~_ielaAd i A poi nt of intere-st. Hetaphor i ca l ly speaking , _ '" =;
.,'; - -:- - . -~'-- -=:.._.". r, ~ . ~
the river i t self may be lIkened to the aorta of t he hUlMft body, 'pr-oceedf eg a s it -
ver-e from or through 'the hea r-t of t he country. Taking its r-Lse in the high bare
tablelands of the s out her n coast r-enge , and at a comper-atdveLy shor t di ~~n ce from
t he he ad of t he Day of LaPoile , I t f lows t hen ce in a gen eral course about N. E. by
E . t o the sea , wher-e i t e mbogue s a t t he he ad of t he bea utiful Bay of Exploits, one
of the deepest inde nt ations of Not r e Da me Bay. It ~ t.ct.aI length Ls nothing under
200 mile s, a nd it drains an i mmen fl.e 8r~8 of t he ce nt ral i nterior , pr-cbeb ky not 'le as

- 8 _
t.hen 4 ,000 square miles .
At first, spread out 1n a ne tvork of ramifica.tions 11ke the tentacles of 8
gigantic oct.opue, vhcse ~ume rous eucker-e dr-ew t r ibute f rom t he fllll8 11 lakes, tarns
and spongy marshe s , vhf cb ab oun d over those higher e l evat i ons of the country. The
curious streams , uniting after a vhfIe 1n one msin cbanneL , soon a s sume the proport -
ions of 8 river of c ons i derable size . It be c omes navagabl e f or can oe s about ten
miles above George I V Lake . Thi s lake , 8 0 na med by the intrepid t r aveller Cormack,
who crossed t he i sland f rOOl e a st t o wes t in 1822, is known to the Micmacs as Pl uchiopaeg
or Cr OBB Pond . I t bears 8 rude r-e seabrance to 8 cross , or rather to t he
lette r T , hence t he name. I t i A t he first l a ke of a ny co ns equ e nc e or con siderable
size on the rive r , hav ing a surface area of e i ght squ are m Ies , It is pict uresq -
uely dotted over \lith sever-aI s:nall wooded islets, a nd its shores are also for the
most part 'Well vooded , A l itt l e t o t he South of t he I ake , a hi gh rugged r a nge of
bare-topped mountains begdns to rise , which, extending dovn the va l ley of the Uppe r
Exploits,
cr osses the river a bove Red I ndi a n Lake , And t.bence bears evay northeaster
ly towards t he Topsails, or heieht of I en d , The I ndf an a call t hi s r an ge
Anneopsq,uatch , vhfch means rugge-d or unsightly looking . I t nevertheless forms a
magnificent back-ground t o the scenery of the I a ke e an d river a .
Eighteen miles of ~~~~t w t er!; frequently choked u.i~h e..,AoI"m OU_S boul c1e ~ ~:
se parate George IV f rom Lloyd's Pond , the next lake-like e:xpansl~n of the r i ver.
The sc enery along t his section 1s wild and beaut iful ; but, a narrow be l t on eit her
side of the river i s vood ed , while t.ocer-dng a bove
the t rees on the Sout h the
serrated peaks of the Anne opsq ua t ch present a constantly varying panoramic l a ndecepe
,
Lloyd ' s Pond i s 6 1/ 2 mi lctt l ong, a nd ha s 8 cu r -face a r ea of sdx squar-e mile s .
It is a deep, trough-like be san, ovfng to the proximity of the mountain r anee, ....hich

- 9 -
here rise s abruptly from i t s s outhern shore, the Indians have gi ve n it the name
of PdLpaeg, or deep dark vat.er , Some of the peaks of the Anneopsquatch, near
Lloyd's Pond, attain en elevation of 2,500 feet above the see level, and
fully
2 ,000 over the Le ve L of the lake i t se l f.
Sixteen miles below Idoyd t s Pond 'the Ri ver enters Red Indian Lake , 8
magnifi_
cent sheet of water 36 1/2 miles long, \lith a su r f ace area of 69 square miles.
Bebveen the two lakes the valley i s s t ill quite nar-r-ov and
bounded by high hills,
v ooded almost to the summits .
These ar-e simply the continuation of t he Anneops_
quatch range, through which t.he river has, in course of ages, cuts its 'Way, and
formed for itself 8 channel . At some points the hills close in, 80 8R to from deep
ravines, with perpendicular cliffs, through which the wat er svlrls in 8 rapid
current. The s ce ne r y here is very grand, and at titn~::: s:1mply superb . About f i ve
miles above Red I ndd an Lake
a magnificent cataract tumbles over the side of the
mountain in m8jestic grandeur . I f ind the followine: description of it in m.v notebook
for 1875 : _'IOppo s:1.te our camp on the right hand si de 'th er-e is a r-ange of
wooded hills, r-Ls ung very pr-ecdpdt.cue'ly a short distance f 'r-o-a the r i ver to fully
1000 f eet in height. Just her-e II; superb cnt.e r-ect. is eee n , Lea pdng and bounding
OVer the cliffs f rom the dizzy heights above . I t is one of t he most pfc tur -esq ue
siehte.I_ ha ve .ret "'itne_~~

- 10 -
The timbered a r-ea along this upper vA l.~~y is c omper-atdveI y li mi t~d in extent
and
co nf f ne d t o the ner-r-ov f ringe of fair ly level land bordering the rwer-, It is
chi e f l y composed of sptuce , birch, fir, t.emer-eck and a fair s pr inklinp,: of pine .
Smal l pa tches of good ec d.L are met \lith all along, e specially on t he i slands, or
i nt ervals i n t he bed of t he r i ver, but perhaps the chi e f interest attached to thi~
part of the Exploits Val l ey is it fine sc en er y and the facilities it offers for the
c onstruction of 8 future high'Jay to the sout he r n se e boer -d of the i sland .
At Red Indian Leke ve ent er upon the rea l ly magnificent va l l ey of the Lower
Exploits . Gr adually t he hills recede f r OIl e ither side of the nobl e lake , leaving
a vfde margin of gentl y sl opi ng and densely timber ed country, stretching a'W9y from
its shores on either han d . On 'th e south side the l and rise s reeulsrly till it
att a i n s the height of se veral hund r ed feet , then falls again to forr.!. another- river
va.l.Ley, that of the Vi ctoria ,
one of the large st t.r-Lbutarde e of the Exp'lc d.t.s,
vhfcb flows into Fed Indian Lake , about f our miles from t he exi t of the main river.
A",ay to the N.orth sene bare, i solated pe ak s of the Anneop squatch ranee are st i l l
to be se en, one of vhf ch having a dou ble pea k or s add le , i o called Notched Mount ain ,
or Ht . Janus of Car t wright , an d ano t he r
Halfway Ht . 'l'ovar-de the -l owe r end the lake
averages three miles wide , an d a gr eat arm tren ds away northeasterly for ab out four
- mi les-, vhfch-r-eceI ve e a C'OOs1derl'lble e~u,d tributary at i t s heai• ..Thi:ot I have ~ _d
named veunetoa'ce , or Hary Ner-ch t e Br -ook , after the Red Inddan ....0'71.'10 captured near
here in 1819.
Several other tributaries pour their water s
i nt o the great lake Sha,1JTlRwdithit
rdver-, on the Nor t h side , t he latter also na med after an other ned
Indian captive
v ceen, be i ng the largest.
It extend s upwards through a bf,autiful 'Wooded valley
forty-oight miles, t ill it expands
i nto Vi ct orb. Lake , a fine shee t, of water
sdxt.een mi l ~s l ong . The Lover- r eecbe a of t his river are br oken by many r a pi ds,
cbut.ea , and falls often of gr-eat, beaut.yj it then runs f n a smooth st eady, or qui e t

- 11 -
va ter- channe L, vft.h f our i nterruption s f or ov e r t \.len t y mi l es , but beccaea
'rugge d again for several miles before reaching the lake. It 1::1 a fine valley,
v011 vooded throughout ,' and contains 8. large area of excellent land.
Fr0l4 Red Indian Lake to the sea, 8 distance by the course of the stream of
71 miles, the Exploits, now 8 great river, flows on continually without any other
lakes or ponde , Many strong rapids, a few chute a and falls interrupt 1ts course
to the sea , but there are fr-equent; long stretches of saoot.h vat.er, vbez-e the
current sve epa swiftly, but placidly along .
Littl e Red Indian Fall, 20 miles below
the lake, is the first p'lace 'Where 8 por-tage has to ~ ned e , I t 18 but 8 short
one, not more than 8 feY hundred yer-de , From thence to the Groat Bend , near the
confluence of the Bad ger the river is m9gnificent .
Fifteen l'lilt'ts of 'Wide open
waterway,
with a deep eeoot.h current, running at the rate of ten or twe Ive knots,
here greeb e the voyage ur, thft 10\1 level benka on e i t he r
side are clad \lith a tall
forest of pine , birch, fir and spruce , vhich spreads evay from the river for many
miles . Another s t r ong r apid e ndi ng In a chute and neceeaft.etdng a second short
portage , is met vdth three miles below the Great Bend . ThiEl is succeeded by a
stretch of t.ve Ive :niles of the fine s t portion of the River. I t flows onwar-d in a
....ide channel, s t udd e d with several large beautifully wooded islands. Many of them
~re ~!'ti!~l,.. occupied bT~~ e tr8i~ht::. pine trees, other-a by bjrc!l, eapen 8n~ ~
maple . The scenery here, especially when the foliaGe assumes its brilliant autumne
I t ents, as 'JaB the case when our party descended the River last October (1&lS)
is simply gorgeous .
To those among you
"Who love t.he haunts of nature ,
Love
the sunahfne of thf'J meedovj
LOVe the s had ow of the foreflt
Love 'the wind among th" br-anchea"

"And the r-uehfng of great rivers ,
- 12 -
Through Lhe Lr- pa lisades of pdne t rees" .
(
I would say,visit this magnificent va l ley 1n Autumn , and I
f",..,l confide nt
your highest conceptions of the sublimely beeutdf'y'L, will be realized .
The pure
golden yel10... tint of the birch foilllge ,
l acking only the metallic lustre, inter_
mixed \11th the pa l e a ppl e greene of the aspen , the s car l e t and l emon ye l l o\l of the
mapl e and whi tewood, and the va rious hued shrubs and grasses vh f ch fringe the
borde r s of the rive r and isla nds, a l l reli ev ed by the den se background of ever -;
greens, vhfch of t.heraseIvea exhibit such 8 vari e t y of shade, pr-es ent-s a sc ene of
beauty, which for height of coloring, can scarcely be su r-pa es ed enyvhe r -e, To a dd
a still gr eater cham to the picture , clusters of bright , red dog -berries, suspended
f rom t he mountain a sh , hang out over the water, or peep t.hr-cugb t he va r-Ie -,
ga ted foliage ever-y her e an d there . But no ve r de of tiline could co nvey an a de quate
idea of its lovelines s a nd no pigment s art ha s yet dnverrted c oul d t ransfer it to
canvas .
On approaching bbe Grand Fall, the r-Iver- for a rev -.ill!ls, ~coae8 ..ery turbulen
t , .,and one short portage has to be made . Th e rapids I n t his se ction are difficul
t and da ngerous e epe cd.aLl y when swol l e n by excessf ve rainfalls. It is most
~:== -": _. ,{ - - - .
excf t dng vor-k running these r apids, and' requ i r e s the ut mos t vi g~.bnCf' and . sld l l· o~
the most exper-Ience d ca noeaen t o accora pka s h th", feat successfully. The sl1ghost
mistake or misman8 7ement woul d al..nost invariably result in the upsetting of the
canoe and drown ing of her- crev .
All at on ce t hl"J river narrows t o Iee e than half its ordina r y wi dth, an d a du l l
booafng sound 11k" some half -mn ')ther~d subt.er-r-enea n expLoa f on together \li t h t he
smoke-11ke va pour- ri sin~ high 1n the air , indicates that thl'! fall Ls a t hand . For
f10,1Ie distance above this point in descendi ng the r i ver t he left bank has to be

- 13 -
c I ose Ly hugged an d a s soon S f' t he fel l ~ i s f airly brought open , af't.er- roundi ng 8
po i nt on the shor e , a vigorous pull must be made t o r ea ch a bay of soraevhat, smoot he r
,
ve t e r vher-e the Gran d Fell por -tage commence s. This i:'l 8 very uneven 6w mpy path
about a mile In length whi ch cu ts off a c on siderable bend of the river occupied by
t he f all end r apids be Lov , Jagged perpendicular cliffs of red sandstone and
t rap
r oc ks r i sing to a hl'Jight of 150 ft . or mor e close In on e f .tber- side to f orm a
cr ooke d , tortuoris cannon" , through which the pe nt-up va ter- tumbles, r oa r A and
foam s, da shing furiou Aly first ag a.i ns t one s dde of the chasm then a gainst the other
i n its headlong cer-eer , The fall proper Is at the upper end of the cham. I t is a
grand, eve -dnepfr-tng ~ight to vf tneae the ent i re vo 'Iurae of ve t et- plunge over the
parapet of rock whi ch gdve s rise
to the fell, bound off acros s the l edge, fall again
in foam ing , surging mas se e , i nto a rock -bound cauldron belav , when it eeeee to
vre at.Le i n fury with soee un seen monster.
The deafening booming r oar, t he seething,
hissing swish ,
a c compan i e d by the thick white columns of eve r -rising spray, almost
takes one I s breath away . I n summertime 8 cloud of White-Winged gukL e are seen
con stantly hover-Ing over the fall vat. chf.ng t o sed7,0 the unwary salmon or trout in
the ba sin be I cv , They ne st .Ie here f n great numbers , all the r ocks ann Ledges in -
t.he river .
--. Towards j.he Lover- ~ net:oC t~ T9.p!d"IJ-the scener-y Le 11" .n~ng ev en acre
--... ..- _ .-- 1 _~:-: _ ."... _ - ---
picturesq ue than at t he fall itRelf . Hursl cliffs of j ag ge d a spect bound the river
....hile one great pillar of r ock stands erect i n the centre of the channel , crowned
on the top Yith 8 few eve r green t rees . The water in its grand effort 8~ freedom.
sur-ge e madly around the ba se of this co lumn and de boucbee into a wide basin be Lov ,
....here, a l l its f ury spent., it ....hi r l s and eddies in ever-i ncr e a s i ng circles till it
r-ege fn e its s t e ad y mys t i c onver-d course .
From the Grand FRll portage to the se e t.her-e are sever-aI r-apdd n, one a mile

- 1/, _
l ong, but the only other- por t a ge is a ve ry short one a t t.be Bdehop! B Fa l l ( so
name d after Bi shop I nelia of Nova Scotia , who visited i t I n compan y vlth Mr. J ohn .
Peyton J . P.) or chute 10 milf'ls f rom the mout h of t he river .
Her e sedn a r i dge of
hard red Band -stone cr-c e se e t he channeL giving r i se t o a very r ough rapid vhfch
end s in 8
chute ...here the water i s discha rge d with tremendou s velocity through a
net-r-ev pe seag e vay i n the rock va l l with a n incline of per ha ps 20 degrees, but t he re
I s no actual fall or j ump . A sa d i nci dent occurred here 8 year ago In whi ch a poor
fello\.l with a loaded boat, being da shed to pieces under his feet .
A little over
three 1Uilea beL ov Bishop' a Fall, Hight
Point , a bluff on the l eft side marks the
head of navigation f or schoone rs, but l arge boats can , du r i ng Spr i ng t ides, a sce nd
to the chu t .e, Fr om Hi gh Point to Upper Sandy Point , which marks the entrance to
the r i ver, th", dfetanoe is ab out five mi l e!'l. The cbanneI here i A vfde an d deep and
runs very straight . TM scenery a ll along i s very beautiful, a nd vhen f irst brought
open from the e etua r-y outside , it pr esents a chsrmin g effect . The great vide
glittering river se en of a calm
summer ' s afternoon, vft.h the sl a nting r ays of the
declining 6Un li g!J.ting ~ U p t he water l OOK S like a n 8VfH".Uf'J paved with burnished
sil ve r , a nd ever-hung at the sides by all t he most magni ficent of our f orest t r ees .
A mi l e or eo ba ck rr-on t.be ban ks of t he r iver birch-clad r -Ldge a of exceeding beeut.y
r-Lse to conadder-ab'le e!rn_tions .Bhe l~,!1 n g t he lovely ve Lkey {rOla."tb,,' cold" n~rU~_~
and ea sterly or scut.h-e est.er Iy vfn d s ,
Bet.veen Red Indi an Lake a nd t he
se a many large tributaries earring from the
height of land far in the interior join the main river, all c ombdntng t .o increase
the vojuae of its waters . I shal l mer e l y name the mos t important. Gre at Rat t ling
Br ook , Chnte Br-ook , Sandy Ri ve r , Noe L Pau l ' s , a nd Harpoon Ri ve r come i n on tho
Sout h sf de j Badger Ri ver an d Idt.t.Ie Red Indian Rfv er- on the north side . The two
latter, though f lmdnp, in opposite di r ections , are only a quarter of a mil e apar t
where t hey e nter the mai n river at t.be Great Bend . The l a t ter is 8 fine st.r-eem and

,
- 15 -
flown through a very fine, well wooded ve L'ley , There i s a stretch of seven miles
of still water at one part of the r-fver, about twenty snLes above its junction
\lith the main Exploits .
My party descended this r i ver last Fa ll (1888 ) in our
journey across the I sl a nd from Bay DIEspoir .
Al l t hi s territory, from the Grand Falla t o the head vat.er-e, 10 nov included
I n the Herms worth co ncession . While t he lower r e a che s on either s dde f all within
the ar ea
r e ce nt l y purchased by the Albert Reid Company, frOiJ'l the Exploits Lumber
Company .
Great activity is being displayed in the pushing on of the conat.ructdon of
the town of Grand Fa l ls, and the gigantic dam whi c h I s t o open the r i ver at t his
point.
It Is probable the present season will also wi loess a sindlar
progressive
movement at Bf shop! s Fa l l , and that ere many years 'the hitherto dark, silent f ore s t
of t.be Exploits vc Lkey \lil1 becoae 8 veritable hive of industry .

SIGJ:':'L HILL AUG CABW 'i'O'Jffi
lny H. F . Shnrtif.'l, Hil'ltorioITAph"!r\
,
To the lover of nature, 'the rugged 1s as p'leasing as the beautiful , and its
attractions ar e almost t he same ; he nce, \oIh~th~r it be on some mountain pea k or in
the share of SO'1le l owlie r valley that such f.ndu kge their r everie s, the sc ope f or
observation if! equally profitable . But if one position be more pr eferable than en-,
other, then t.hat, of the mountain peak has t.he advantege ,
Therefore , for the pr e sent, ve \li11 take our st.end on t he sulll.ll\it old Signal
Hill, a nd l ooki ng around we vill note our impressions of the spot. , At firs t sight
one se e e but t he remains of vhat, has be en , a nd alm ost fe els t ha t t he place i s de -,
voi d of any at.t.r-actd ve nees 'Wha t ev er ; but not.vt tbst.endf ng t hi s feeling, t he mtr r -
oundings suggest. much th",t is of historic dmpor -t," This i~ discovered i n t he old
r ui ns and masonry, vhfch abound on f!!very afope of 't he hill.
These r u i ns proclaim
1n silence their 0'WIl t.aje , and they r emind the vfsd t.cr- t.hat at one t i me t.be vi gilence
of the sentry va s her-e con stantly kept. , On t.hese old ve Lks onc e st-ood t.he
__~.nrracks and Lodges of t.he soldiers; and f ro:n out their er::l~~~~t:..!.:-~~...2!d_~~~':..- _
cannon defiantly poi nted. I n t i mt!t=l of peace t.be y 1 0 QK I"1d none t he Ie e s grim; while
i n t i me of va r- t hey be Lched f ort h the i r deadly missiles upon the approaching I'Ieet s
=:-'::;-:-orthe: en-e!dy . :;~Ucil - ~ ~~iti ~-l n~kh\&-=-Of2:~~r-~i~ c-;_8 ~:Yl~ t.o {'Y:-i.~rt-~~l r I -~n d -;--{~~~~ ~-=, ~ -~
i t that St . J ohn' s could not be taken by en tran ce t.hr-cugh the Na r-r ovs , when the
French und er DtIber-ved LIe and Governor DeBoullant, in 16')6 .too1< St . J ohnl s, th~y
had to make a l a nding near Petty Her-bor-, and cu t th~ir 'Way through t he vood s as
th"y came in ove r the hills by what, Le nov known 8S the old Pe tty Har bor Road .
Judee Pr-owse is hi s vr-Ltdngs and 1n his lectures de als at. gr ea t Ieng t.h on thi s ol d
h1ehw\ y of 'War, and also affirms t hat
ROIll I"1 ol d guns ore t o be found eonevhe r -e in
thi::; vicini t y .
Hf n Grace Ar-cb bf shop Howley e Leo t .r-eat.e of t.hts in part!'! of his

- 2 _
e aet.er-y t .hey had to e f f e ct a landing at 'l'orbe y , en d march 1n through the f orest
to the sdde of Quid! Vidl, and from thi s place t hey fought their way up the heights
I
of Signa l Hlll, and I over -fng the Trievlour they hoiste d the Union Jack. The march
frOOl Torbay was in cha r-ge of an office r named Piper, a nd the hill , jU 3t this side
of that place end nov known 88 Piper Stock Hi l l , wa s evidently named after him and
his d8rin~ f'eat. , A f'r-kend of mine thin!

- J -
tA'.arconi'a eyst.ea of vfr-eIess telegraphy may yet encircle the Globe , and
its
stations be built on soJ¥! of ear t h' B fairest spot.s, and Its vender-s may be Iar-ge'ly
multiplied; but the fact ever
r-emedns that the first spa rk of the wireless spirit
ve s dashed off to er-ceaEbe At18ntic froM the suMmit of Old Sf gne L Hill, and on
vhfch s Lac stands the Cabot TO'Jl';!r. This truly 8 victory of Science , and 'Will mean
more for the vej.rere of the nations and
the advancement of the world , than va r- at
Its best - -if best there be in 1t.
I n the Cabot Tower itself ....e bev e a strong and substantial structure ; and 8
fitting monument to the Diamond ..Jubd.Lee of our l a te beloved and most gracious
C;ueen Victoria and to ?8bot ls discovery of the island .
From its turrets ve looked
out over th~ sea beyond, and t.hen down into the Narrows beneat.hj a nd then over t he
city behind , and in ell we beheld such 8 view as well repa i d us for our- time .
Within the Tower the afgnaImen keep faithful ve t ch frolll sum- Lee to eunaet. , Dur ing
our vi~it Mr . Rose 'Was in charge , and he r -ece fv ed us very kindly. , Mr. Rose is
assisted in the discharge of his duties by Mr . Hichael Cantwell ,
both of vhoe ere
-~-ci t izen s
true;rid tried . -Awe:y -f r CT.!!· t he er-ovd edteft.y they ke ep--feithfurvieil";-bnd---=-=--:-=
often ere their signals vat.ched with anxious eye by those whose
l ove d ones a r e du e
t.be hearts of t.houeands of our people vho hav e gon e f rom our shores and hav e made
their homes in some fa r avay place ! They often looked f or a "flag" at Signal Hill,
and 801M l ooke d in vain . Their l ove d ones came not, and t hu s t hey found i t neceaa-,
er-y t o br-eak up the home and se ek a liv i ng e Lsevher-e , But they carried with them
lasting impressions and tender memories of Signal Hill . We notice d that since our
visit, t.hr-e- years before, 8 nev depar-tur-e bad been taken , and that 8 r egistry had
be-en installed in vhfch visitors might e nt,...r their naeee , This se emed quite an
jntl"!rentine I'eat.ure , end adds to the nov eLt.y o f one' s visit .
The firf't name ....rrter-ed 1JR ~ that of Rev . Fathe r St. J Cl}m , Ar ge nt.l a, P]Ace n t1 ~

-"-
Bay; t.be hundr ed th name i s that of L.Y. Pur-ce s , St . J ohn' s, and the t hou sa ndt h
name i s that of Rev . J. ~ ha c ke ray , City . The s e co nd thousandth name i s Annie Madden ,
of Phil ad e lphia ; t he third, Glads ton Seeley, City . On e ddine our own humble name
we found that ve
brought the number up t o 3,972 , and ef nc e the n t he f ourth t.hous-,
and has been completed by the signature of Hra o ila l t er Levkor- of t he City. Among
the na mes of those who have registered were eoee from distant part s, while the multiplicity
of their callings seemed to include the en tire r an ge of Relieion, Commerce
and Sci ence .
The Tower being iii. Signal Station , and t he vho'le bu sdnees being mar i ne , one
would ne 'turaI'Iy expec t t o fi nd 8 compa s s i n the buildi ng for t he use or consultation
of t he ke ep er-s , The ships make their appeara nc e fro.ll al l d i r e ctions, and vhfLe
it may not be ne ce s sary to note t heir ex act position , yet t o the vat.chman on the
l ookout i t ca nn ot but be of interes t . "'1ithout a compass su ch 8 station does not
se em proper ly equ dpped-c-su ch a t leas t is the opinion of t he vr-r.t .er , an d such also
i s the opinion of those i n chez-ge ,
As \11th all places of ia.tere st so \lith Signal Hi l l , It ha s i t s lost, as veIl
as its kncvn , histor y . Its lost history is buried in tales thlilt border on the
supernat ural an d f earful, yet, at the same time, it may not be out of place to
_~ __ _ =~c.....": . __ -.___ ~. ~ _
mention . ~ Of -t his history perhaps: t he subt e r -r-enean p~:'t~age -'J'lY mar-claim, rir c~ plece i- -
Of this pe ssag evey 'ole hav e from time t o time heard , but coul d never ge t anything
l i ke an a uthe nt ic stetement. , Beef.d e s t his, ve have nev er heard of it from any of
our own pe ople . Thl'l per-eon vho spoke to me about it, and vh o seem ed grf'Jatly inter_
eet.ed in it, va s the l a t e I'lr . Ne Ll.Lsb, of Halif a x , who for over t.vent.y years visit_
ed our city i n the drrt er-e st, of t.be Br-Lt.Lsh Book a nd Tract Soc f e ty, Mr . t.f. ve e a
kef'!n adnfr-e r- of t.he- vf ev aff or ce d f rom the top of Signal Hill, a nd in hi s an nual
visits he dnv a r-fe b'ly pa f d it A v i sit . He sa td that he ha d Leer-ne d f r om t .he Let e

- 5 -
D. J. Hende r-eon , that a 'tu nne], ran thr-ough a part of the Hill , and that he , Hr .
Hender-sonk had seen and be e n dov n into the vaults vhfch connected vfth t he tunnel .
Further
than this I could never get, as to t.he realit y of a passage_wy under any
part of Signa l
Hill.
In reference t o this tunne l i t may be of int erest to note bhab in t he summerof
1881, vhe n the r a i l way \018 8
first st.ar-ted , in their york of e s cavat ing at Fort
WilliplD, the wor kmen came across a part. of i r on dOOTf~ , and it wa s gene rally stated
by some t hat the p'l.ace where these doors were found was the ex i t of t.be subt.er -r-can
ea n passag e whi ch l ed from Fort Willia'll t o t he Bl ock Hou se .
or course all such
rumor \ISS lightly heeded , a nd like othe r- things, it soon passed ou t of t he public
mind . The vho'Ie story R.t best. rr.ay be but a myth ; but certain it is that much of
historic i nter e s t and much of r omance and daring is cov ered up in the df Iapddated
va~~lt~ and f oundat.Lon-i-rudne of Signal Hi l l . In t he days of i t s more I mperial
e mi nen ce it ve e much close r to the hear-t, of t.he Colonial office than it can
possibly be at the pr-esent, time ; and
there can be no doubt vhs tever- that the
Colonial r ecorda bear upon them SMe long l os t f'ac t s concerning this spot . ~"he re
t hese r e cords are may be diffic'li t
to dd.ecover-, but they muet. ce r -t.edn'ly lie hi dde n
in the archives of the C("'l~~:1al offi~ . ~ :,""",London ; and llke_ Shdl~ d.O~:D~~s.. t he y __ ~
may yet se e the light, and thus afford to the future historiRn such important data
as \li l l i ncrease the novelty And enhance the VAlue of bis vor-k ,
The stud y of such places SR Sienal Hi l l wil l a f f or d to a ny t.our-Lat, ~r et udent j
or autho r an abundance of l ore; which should not a I one pr ove of keen est int eres t t o
the r ea der, but should also cr-ea t e in the breast, of any IoyaI British subject the
deepest, feelings of patriotism. These old forts er-e to be found in almost a l l parts
of ne wfou nd land , and eve n aWAy North on the coast of labrador , and further on to
the e r f"at e xpanse of Hudso n Bay , t.he menonr-y of t.he old-time Britdsh so 'ldfer- may
be se en , end the SQ'T\r" hc'lds good 'thr-oughout. th... near-er- C..nadian pr-ovfncenj 1n all

crxs , RIGH Arm RARE
FRO'·I TIlE IIELL_m'ORED IUNES OF TRADITION
OF llEIIFOU,IDU ND
(DY H. F, S1lORTIS , HI Sf ORIOGRAPHffi)
Nevfcundkander-a are e ssentially 8 6ea - f ar i ng people , and
rr-ce tiroae immemorial
have be en remar ka ble f or their r i sk s a nd daring. No adv en t ure on the high seas
'Was ever conside r ed t oo hazardous for a Newf'ound'Land seaman to e mba r k In . From
t he ear l i e st times thR.t \0/0 have any recollection of, t he t raditions of our people
have bee n r i ch vith the stor i es of t he ha f r --br -ead t.h e s ca pe s of the se ne of
Ne....f oundland, and thifl record has been ke pt unbroken until the present day . The
spi r i t of r -fve Lr -y ha s a l way s been kept alive amongst t.be f i shermen and t he saf.Lor -e
i n the merca nt i l e marine J a nd a s i s exe a p'Lf I'Le d In our Annua.l Rega t ta and t hp. rec-,
i oe ac r os s
the ocean , the sa me sp i r it prevails today vith e s much vi gor an d force
a s it di d 8 century - eo .
I hav e ahmys' conte nded that t .her-e is no country in the wor-Ld i n whic h the
histor ian , the poet or t he nove list coul d pr-ocu r -e suc h aat.er-Le L f or writing up a
c h.ar~i ne pf ct.ur e of life tban_in t p~ seaedde 'Tillage s of 1' e\lfOWl~l8nd . The r e .Ls
also to be f ound the tender a nd beau t.Lf uI r oma nce of the idyllic an d a charming
pi cture of an inter e sting , and by no m-e an s fJir.liliar s ce ne of life and manner- s of
_-=-_~ b ~_. • _ .. ~-_:__ • -:=__- _ A ;-~~
0lU" peo pl e , 'i n which the ~I)U S tnitlJ ar-e-j-Lch e nough t o enlr--~ and brighten
the whole . But i t i s in the ac counts of t he e ve r ydey life of adventure an d ha i r _
breadth e scapee __the dari ng a nd hardihood of our people amongst t he Lce - Fl.oe e-,
the dan cers en coun tered on t .he Loca I
f1 shine gr ounds, an d mor e e s pecially on t he
coas t, of Labr ador t.hat, the hds t.or-Lan of the futur-e \lill find hi s subject, dr rt.er -,
e s t.t ng end thril ling , to fil l 'th e pa ge e of h i s v o'luree e , _'nd t .he s e adventure s And
es ca pe e are to be f ound r-eI a t ed by the pa t.r-Ler-chs of every t.ovn ann vilh.ge in our
count.r -y, There vou.Ld be not.hing of fiction about t.hose st.or-Le a of adv enture , be -,
~~ ~ th- '-P~ at. HP ~J:VJJ vb! /l l j ¥.J.1
-UV Ck p~ ~) .Zt./uKM .

_ 2 -
cause t.he vr-Lt er- cou ld Ascertain the f'e ct.s from those who were participators
i n those events, or, at least, handed dovn from their enceator-a who prosecuted
our greet i ndu st r ies in the days Long past ann gon e , when the fisheries and
commer-ce generally ver-e conducted f a r differently from 1Jhfl.t they ar e t oday .
To get at the r eal sour-c e of the edv ent.ure e , e s ca pe s, agility, bardehf ps ,
manners and cuetome of our people , the would-be narrat or of eve nt s should visit
the va r ious outports and
strike up a n a cqua dnt.ence with some of the gr -ey-ha Lred
patriarchs of the respe ct ive vl1lage3- -those buraen r-epoaft.ordes of 10c9.1
tradition, an d I am sur-e they will be ve L], p'lees ed wi t h t hei r excursion. Of
course , 1 do not allude to t.hose birds of paasege who c ome a m on ~ st u s t o write up
our history, and after partaking of t.he hospd.t.e Id.t.y of our people , produce
cbar-actur'ee of their boraes, cr-Ltd cd ae their pronunciation and e nde av or to burI e sque
their ent i re mode of l i vi ng, speaking and general eur'r-cundmge,
}J.any ye a r s ego I he ard the rollo\ling interesting remi nis ce nce f rom an old
friend of mi ne which vas handed down 1n his fardly, and which 1 think is
interesting : -
About sev enty years 8CO, the Far-ah Jane, whi ch vas r i gp;ed i n that style of
craft, enpbe e dstdce Hy known 8S - -3. be ave r- hat, t ha t h -'..Iith t.hr-eeyar-de on t he
f oremast_sa i l ed f or the.. !le ~~i :!!:h ery fr5J1!1l ~~ nt. '!l F.a rb~~ , _T_rl n it~ .B8 Y . Sh., ~l'I
coa-aended by SAmue l Froud , and ca rried a cr ev of about t \Jent.y_five men . At t ha t
time t he ve s se Ls sa t I ed about th" fir st of HArch, but t.her-e va s no s pecified date ,
so they could go & l'I they pleased . Ev erything went ve'l.L un til About t.be ~ \Je nty_
fifth, lind t hey had thre e t.houeand seals stowed 8\1ay und er hebcben , vhen a heavy
ge I e sprung up f rom the north EaRt with Q heavy sea , whi ch broke up t.he ice and
drove the little ship south t.ovar-ds t.he l:lIdhslIs Le 'lan ds , Th"! shfp drifted t.hr-eugh
the storm, end the man frorn the l ook-out cried , "Land on the starboard-bo...." t The
ship va a i n & t erribly denger-ou s poeftdon , an d t.he maater- asked i f a ny man would

- 3 -
go 1l1oft and cut loose the foretopsail, and one man responded and vent. aloft to do
80. At the i me he W8:'\ cutting, t.be ve sse L struck th~ r ocks and the foremast went
t
ov erboard . In falling t.he foremast fell across the r-ock and the man leaped from
the spar- to the rock, and thus saved his life , being the only survdvor- of t.he cr-ev,
This r ock is on the North West
side of the Wadhlilms Lsda nda, Rod i s about fifty or
sixty f e e t above the vater, the surf'e ce meas uring a bout one hund r ed f eet on the
round . After the second day he ga ve up all hop es of being r escued , and to Leav e a
r-ec or d of the mel a ncholy e ven t , and his dep lorab l e condition , he cut the nen ee of
his l ost ccnr-ade s upon a piece of boa rd that va s t.hr-ovn upon the r ock , afte r the
ve se eI had broke n up. By some mea ne he manag ed t o light 8 fir e [ pr-obahIy wi t h
the now obsolete f lint end steel, which t he Newf oundland fishermen i n the old days
a l\l8Y~ had i n their posse eston) f 'r-on 'th e vt-eckag e and f ed 'th e fire with seal f at
which he managed t o secur e . On t he fifth day, he becam e utt erly exhausted and
l a i d down to df e ~ But such was not to be . Another schooner- happen ed to be in t he
neighborhood , sa w the smoke f rom the fire , and sent 8 boat e shcr-e and rescued hi m
fro;n 'th e r ock. lie \lS S t ake n on boar-d the schooner , kindly trea t ed by t he Captain
a nd quietly r ecovered f rOB his t errible adv entur-e and miraculol.ls*e scape , The
cre w of t he sc hoon er also managed to r e s cue quite a number- of t.he seals, br-ought;
'the a to St. "J O}->_"l l S and ' e.~-;".;otbe re ~cu~· ~rl nf!~ hI=" p~rtlon~ per-t, or t he
v oya ge .
.,
At that t i me ther e ....as no light on Lhe wadham Le'la nds ,
F.verything ha s now
changed , and during th"
sumaer- months quite a number of fishermen and t heir
fal!1il1e s ha ve er e ct ed fi~ hi ng r ooms ther e . There 1s alm ost a n ent i r e scarcity of
wat er on the Ls 'lande during dry veat.h e'r , and i n wet we..ther
they secure rain
ve t er- , I n ""intl"!r months the l1ght-hou~e ke eper melts the MO.... in a tank vtdch he
"l\lay~ has on ha nd for th" purpose .
"F'rO:D the subl1m" to the r-fdfcukous Is but It et.ep' ", eafd the Gr"'fll Nepo'l ... Jll ,

- 4 -
an d the sa me may be ea f d with regard t o tr8E ~ dy and comedy . It s onet dme a happen
ed thAt comedy played an
important part in the prosec ution of tho Boalfish ery
1n the old deye-c-t.he days of the great fleet of sa i l i ng vessels . I t ve e no unusual
occur-r-ence for the cr-eve to ~ 1n those days, end it has bee n known when
the crews t ook charge of t he captain and brought the vessel back to port.
Such
occurred during my own life-tim" ," But t her e 1s one C8 S0 i n point in whi ch cornedy
played its part and this is how it happen ed ..
About sixty yea r s ago a cer tai n brigantine sailed CrOll st . John's for the
icefields vd.t.h B cr ev of fifty men . Th e cap tain \Ja B not very popular, being same -
what of a martinet . However t hey managed t o p;e t Nor th as I'a r- 8 8 Whi te Day, bu t ,
unfort unately, the seals wer-e very scarce and the capbin became doe dne er-Ing and
abusive t.ovar-de the cr-ev -c-compeLkfng thell to perform unn ec e ssary Labor -e and tlaking
everything quite unc omfortable . At las t , pa t i ence cea sed to be a virtue and the
cr ew dec ided to hold a council t o decdde upon the best aeane t o remedy t.he exi s t -
dng state of affairs . At fir ~t they thou ~ht of adopting the ve Ll --knovn plan, s o
often adopted by aer-tner-s ,
of forw-ardiDg a "ecund robin!l to lile eapt.fllin" .~

- 5 -
ominous 'Word, "manus" printed on the little cup . He sav that it vas all up with
him , end
knovang that tfle crew were de ter-edned to take extreme measures, be ordered
the ship to be steered Sout.h and ar-r-Ived 1n St. J ohn I s 1n du e cour-e e , Whateve r
his r-eason 'Was, he did not bring the cr-ew before the court. Probably he t hought
that such a course vou Id have given hi m an undesirable notrlet y and subjec ted him
to t.he chaff a nd conte mpt of the other skippers "he wer e always he ld in t .he roost
profound respe ct by their cre ws .
But 'Whilst t hose
skfppe r-a were most familiar wi t h their cr-ews on shore,
board ship in a general way , they neve r perm!tted anyone to i nterfere i n the worklng
of the vesse l . They wer-e in supreme command , had f ull confide nce i n t heir own
ability and as a rule the crews had
full confidence in them.
But I r-emember- upon one occasion, one fellow, 'Who imagined he knew ever ythi ng,
was qu ickly put to.. t.he r ight About . Old Capt. Smart was all r e a dy to eail for the
ice-floes i n t he l a r ge brig Hount.sdneer , and he had every inch of canvas on her and
f lags flying ga i ly to the br-eeze from the South West.
The re was foe in the harbor
and h~ had a stern line to another ve ss el, all r eady to lot eo at hi s wor d of
comn.and , One of the cre w who was lute in going on boat-d," after stowing away his
bag; box , etc . , ~_w~nt - on deck-end seeing ,t.he line- vas stil l made ,tst t o the other . ~~
vessel remar ke d t o the cepte I n svSrr-, the s'ter-n line is stil l made fast,"t The face
of the old skipper becam e almost unrecognizable cd t .h vr-fnkj es , his ha nds wor ked
like the dedd.Le a of an old hood when excit ed, an d in a vodce bette r imagined t ha n
described , he hd.ased forth , "There is only one msinms:'3t i n the bri g Ho urrt af.neer-
Bnd there is only one captain. So take yourse I f and your bax t o Holiopolis a sh ore
out of t.hfs't , And a shore he had to go , box , bag And bedding .
It is consdder-ed somevh s t wonderful nov-a-days if the crews of any of our
steamers share one hundred do llars iii; man , but in the days of th~ Bailin~ fleet two

- 6 -
hundred dollars a I!18.n 1Ja ~ l ooked upon e s no unusuaL occurrence . In the year
185 6 , Fred erick Hl s cockt e cr ev in th~ br -Igentdne Foam, sha r ed tvc hurd r ed dollars
pe r man , and Harry Andrews' c r -ew, in 'the same yea r, shared t wo hund r ed and fiftyfour
do l l ars, 'Which I should sa y va s the best bi l l on recor d for one trip. In
1871, Capt . Nicholas Hanr-aha n I B (Hr . Gra ce) cr e w sh ar ed over t wo hundred dollars ,
ha ving l a nde d ne arly 11 , 000 seals, ( i n the brig Gl engar r y ) , which ha s never been
beaten in a sailing vessel .
I n the yea r
1856, t he fam ou s Cap t . W":n. Knee I e cr ew sha r ed t vc hund r ed a nd
fifty do l l ar s in the brigan tine Ice King . They received their money a t tho Bank ,
all in si lver dollars, which they placed i n t heir caps, an d t he t hir ty- four of
them r aise d a regular
c ommot i on in St. J ohn 's a s t hey proceed e d do wn Water Str eet
t o t heir ve ssel a t Br-ookdn g t s wharf, be r-eheede d , lmr,,l7,i ng their caps wel l filled
\lith speci e . Cilpt . Knee t a ne xt ve s sel vas the St ella, in vhfch he was e I eo ver y
su cc e ssfu l . He was also in t hf" st eamsh i p Ki t e t en Springs , and the s t ea mship
Falcon five Springa .
Capt, , Kne e va s one of our most succe s stu L a nd c cepet errt
seal-ldll ers , an d po s sess ed a s Int ere st dnz a pers onality a s I
hav e ever met.
In the ~ar 1857, Capt. George Dyke sailed in t he br-Lgantdne Ba l elutha frOID
Poo l e 1 8 I s l a nd , a nd Capt. SamueL Winsor flailed from We s l eyvil l e i n the br i gant i ne
Har-y Ann" of 97 .t.oc e , H~ "i Qt. as f a r a s-the Funks , repairee" -:ta i lt0 0 0 t.h", ·17th: " ~=~
Harch and br ought in a full l oad of s ea La , He then pur-chased the Oban and wa s very
su cce s s ful.
I ha ve mRde refe rence i n this ar-tdc I e t o the f lint an d steel being 8 "ne ce a e-,
ary kdjunct to the fit-out of t he s ea l ers in the old days, and I may her e stat e
that t he re are stil l 8 f ew of Lhem kept a s r elics among my e cquadrrtance ac - po'H shed
up briehtly end occupydng a conspdc Ious p'la ce on t.he mante l - pi ece i n one or two
hous e s in Conc eption £l illy . I can remember whe n t.he Luc i fe r metcb fir st made its
a ppeara nce in Harbor Grace , or , at, 11'!8 st , th"l firr,t t.be t, ever- ea rn'" under Jl'IY noti ce .

- 7 -
Afl I l ook back, 1 can call to mind old Geo r-ge Voisey, a n English rigger I vho procured
se veral boxe s of ihem, pr e suaebky f roll t he ca ptains of English s chooners, \
and old Geo r ge turned the vond e r-Ju'L i nv ention of t hat day to great financial a ccount,
as he us ed t o cha rge all us youn gster-s 8 h'ilf- penny t o witneRS him stri king
the mat ch on the bottom of the 'Wooden box , vhf ch wa s octagonal in sha pe , and vbd ch
sent forth a vo l ume of f lam e al..m.ost a s bright and fascinating a s 8 display of fir e _
works during a n election ce mpaf.gn , The match e s of t hose .days wer~ f ar larger t hsn
the~~ are t oday, and , i f I r e member r i ghtly, c ost s i x - pence pe r box .
I n the days of t he sa i ling f l eet , t he sh i pwrights, sa i l -mHt e rs, tinsmiths,
blacksmi ths , wood-cutter s , et.c , ,
e t c . vet-e alway s su r e of employm ent , more e spe c-,
ially f rom t he month of December until the lest of February. I n a l l the pr incipal
parts of the Colony, vease Ls were to be seen in course of construct i on or be ing
repaired , end some ddea of the aacunt, oi ....ark done may be f orme d by t he su bjoined
list of v e so e Le bUilt end r -epa kr -ed by the veLk -kno...m mas t .er c-budLde r-s , the Pittmans
of ::ev Per-Lfcan and S3D':Uel Hitcham or r:e.... Har-bor- durin,:; t .he edxt.Les and seventies
of the pa st. ce nt ur-y, end , of cour-se , there e r e many mor e 01' l hem:put out
of hand,
of ....hi ch I have no account . There were also ot her gr-ea t. builders such as Kear-ne-y,
Stowe, ver-r-en , Bemdet.er lind many ot.her-s , Some of 'those ve s s e La beve na de r e cord
- - ~ '. ·eo·>" cc·:' "",= .- .' ..-" -c-· . •. J ..".'-- c·",,:,_
pas s....: es i n the I'or-ei.gn t rade thet hove never t ee n beaten . ::.
The Pi 't tmans of Ne.... Per11can put out of hand t he Eliza J an e l , Jim Cr-o.....,
Corsai r (the l ast tw o f or Hr . Ho....Iey father of t he Arch'tli:o-hop) , Cru:.:a l er , Favorite ,
!-~ry , Ruby , Fa lcon, Rhpic'!, Ripple , Lr cttc, Rival , Kinlock , Atlanta , G lad i~tor ,
Scotda , Ne'ther-t.on , Av~ lon , Gypsy , Hope, Adam Aver-eL, DOirlnlon a nd many ot .her-a ,
Hit-cham of New Harbor buIlt and r-epa f r e d the Sveet, Home , Amanda , Ein:Jla , Fond Hot he r ,
Roee ,
Lcna , !":.ar y , Volunteer, Q\ll"en of t.he F'Ie e t , Phoe ni x , Hi nn i e Britannia, Jenny
Li nd , et c .
Th... Ne-vhooke j of Ne .... HArbor , were e Ls o I'e moun ma nt er-e i n na r Lne archit e ct ur e ,

- 8 _
85 far ba ck BS 1831, old Mr . Nevhook built t.he br i e Cher-Ie e f or t .he firm of C.F.
Bennett & Co . , ....hich made one of the qudcke et. passage e on reco rd. She left St.
J ohn' s
on a Fr iday , v t th Hr-s , C.F . Benn ett 8S pa s se nger, an d on tho f ollovlng
Sund ay week Mrs. Benne t t wa s attending Divine Service in the Cat .hedr-aI a t Brist ol .
ThP': Ne vhooks a lso built the ocean gr ey hounds (barques) Fleetvine a nd Que en , the
brig rk'lggi e f or
Donnelly a nd taany others.
Bu t with t he arrival of the steamers to prosecute t he s ea l f i shery, the great
fle e t gradually dwindl ed down , until , today , nor f or years past , have there be en
any of the!1l employe d i n t he see I f'Lsbe r y , I suppose t he same ev olution viII t a ke
place in t he course of time with regard t o the labrador fi Rhery . Already st.ea ra
ha s begun to get in its w or~,flnd the motor b oat and t he samI l s i zed steamer will
eve nt uaHy place our gr eat.
rj.eet, of f loatir.g craft i n t he san e c ategory 'if: our
onc e gr-eat, f l e e t of sailing ve s sels that prosecute d the sealfishery f r o:ll the
va r i ou s ports along our coast - nothing but 8 r -emembr -ence , one we ca n l ook back to
;.;ith price as pr-oduc dng a class of sea men AS brave , hardy, da ring, agile and reliable
as eve r. r ee fe d a 53ft ·...ben the s t onrw"3:::> a t It:;-hi b~e 3 t .
Te mpor a rautarrtur- no s mutamrr in 1111s .

11/ .'f3s
THF. .91!l.2!1lYf.£ T !I J;:.I~
( r· l l s ~ Carb",l"v)
I 1m,ow a place- 't!1'> U ~i l on~ tlpet ,
And sweet 1n i t :'! heL kov td glooln ,
With th"
r i ver' s vof ce , a nd th", rivOl' l1'l C1"Ollt
And the pink and
t.he ye L'lov blum" l
Where t ho you ng moss spr l ng B i n th" ear -Iy y~ a r
And t.he bards their firs t ne s t mH d" ,
And the " Odd Spruce 'I'r-ee"
s eemed a r oyal thing
And n throne its ve rdant shade .
- -0--
On t he heights above t he " 01d Spr-uce 'l'r -ee"
You f:8 W the ocea n ' 5
e1eaml
And f ar- bey ond l ay the "Unfulfill' d"
Of Youth a J !':~ Children' s dream.
"I'v e s t he Al pha t.hen , t.he Omega now--
The I'as " et bu.r1 ~d d~ o R=~
Where cher-Lsh td f orms of Yout h Hod Love
;
Oh l t .he "Old Spruce Tr ee" , when I ee v i t lasi,
I ts 10\.l'e1' H mb a ver-e ba r e I
And t he grey 005S clung t o its ra g~ed form
Its f a t e t o shield e nd shar e .
And Lhe oc ean flearned , and t he st re~m le t sang ,
And birds I knew not t rill ' d ,
Bu t oh l Alas t the dr -eema dr eamed ther-e
Ar e fa c ~ d --unful fille d ~

CAPTAIN "300" M R1'L.trrr TF.Ll.... f'r-ora Newfoundland , but
he has told hi~ story of t.be fish of the Arctic to the Fishing Gazette .
"fo t oll of t.he fish of the North" , sa i d the Captain, "woul d be amoRt an
fnt. er-sdneb'le und er-t.akfng, f or t.he r e ere fish in the \J8t!!rfl 8S far i nto the Arctic
8 5 there i s water, and as I'e r- 8S I '!

- 2 -
he might be compared with t.he ancient Nor-eemen ,
"Eteh is more or Iess a de Lf ce cy i n the North" , sedd Capt . Bar-tIet.t 1n his
df scuesdon'" , Arctic explorer s se I doa have 'the t ime t o fish a nd a fish dinner i s
a r a r i t y . Still, in the far North t here 18 pl enty of rock cod, sea t rout, char
(8 kind of s a l mon) , caplin, shrimp, end , of course aea Ls and va Iz-ue , be s i de s
nar-vha'l, r i ght whaIea, and per haps ha l f a doze n ot her ve r-Letde e less known in the
t.enper-e t e regf.ons'" ,
"Ajlit t l e Je r -t.her- South t.he cod i s to be found , a nd halibut a bound s in va t.e r-s
that a r-e f r ozen over for e ly,ht mont hs i n t he year . I hav e caught codf'Lsb i n Hudson
Strait, and the Greely party ac'tueLky lived on shrimp a t Cape Sabine during one
vho'le summer . The shrimp has be en found i n abundance a s f ar North as Cape Cokumbfe
i n I atdt ude 86° 11 •
The observations of Capt . Bartlett a r e those of 8 I'Lshez-man vhoee early t rai n-
ing in Nevfound'land va t .er-e ha s nev er be e n forgotten . In t he case , of the shrimp
t.hey clearly ehov t.he wide range of t hi s particular species. Shrimp are found in
~·_-·"· er~ a t e 8t ebundance -f n -bb « t.r-opfceI .....e t.er-e -ebout- the Gulf· -of-·Mexico-·and -offthe- ·~·~-- ---
Atlantic Coast of Florida and Georgia .
Commercial finhine i s not followed much above Nevfound.Lend , Capt. Bar-t .Iet.t ,
-' -- _...;..-'---"----'_.:. ~---_._.,_.,'-'-.-.:.;.;:._... '~""'.- .."--- ..'- ..-- . - -~'- """- .
~ - who':Ol ~iri~~ ,p·~~ ti~~t~;Ck~~'~~:h~~· f~r-=i~~th 8 Afi ~h'~i:;~~;~ "~:~~~t~~~~¢6fif~~fy ";;d--- -- -
safely, has no rec ollection of eve r see Lng a f1sh , market a f t er leavi ng St. J ohn' s .
The nati ve s of frozen Gr eenland make fish a r-egu'lar- diot, hove ver, bu t bec au se of
their lei sur e l y mode of life ha ve ne ver gon e i nt o business .
Living is just. an ti' bre ez e af ter another her-e, and money playa a comparati ve l y
smRll part in the e conomi c life of the Esktno, Still the I'Leb are there , and , in
the a bse nce of f8 t meat f r om the BeJa1 or va Ir-us, it i A used as food throughout va at,
r-eg f ona wher-e the vbd t.e man visits only for pur-poae e of ex p'I or-at.j.on , and the Hoon

1~ not visible .
- 3 -
" Of course J eve r -ybody Knows that whale s inhabit the ve t er-s of the Great
,
North" , c ontdnued Capt . Bartlett "~t no one eeeea to hav e discovered just hov
I'ar- Nor t h t hey go .. I hav e see n t hem 1n Smith Sound , t hre e or f our at e time , and
8 few odd ones consider ably nearer- the pol a r circle. Dut , of ccur-ee, the whale 1 a
not 8, fi sh . Sha rks may be t her e too , but I ha ve yet t o see one" ..
Wild fttorieR: of the bhr-ash e -r- s har k hav e co me f'r-oa the frozen Lends, and they
hav e been de ec r-Ibed a s being the most vicious of the f amily of sea aonet.er-e, If
they a ctually l ive i n frigid va t.er-e abov e Grant l and the l atitudinal r an ge of the
shark i t" from the Equator to the Arctic circle ...
"The
only fish that ar e knovn c ornee r-c da Hy t o be f ound i n the Nor thern Se an
are the se a trout and rock c od , I hav e caught both in t he open ve t e r-e off the
ice-bound coasts of Greenl an d an d Grantland. As t he va Lrus feeds large ly on small
fish an d shell fish it may be i nteresting fOr fi shermen to kncv that t.he r -e ar e
clans i n the Arctic . I hav e t.hea in clear .....e t er-s along the c oa st of Greenland en d
actually take n them. Th~y are f i ne e atinl:B t.be Esquimo loves th...m lt •
" Once vh...n R Wl'l l rus was ki l l ed by Es ~inloS at Cape She r-Ldan , Grantland, an d
.. "-- ..~. ... _........ .- _. - .... - -
dr -ess ed for u se, R qu antit.y of cl ams wa s f ound i n its et.cnecb, They were r emoved
-a nd In.'ic1 e ':'i nto ·one ,,,:of --t he b l!':;t -c~a~-- ,st ~ Y~ " o v e r seb b~"f orf'! manto "any cl ~m3 t~ ~ . _-':~~_::"~
Walrus meat is t oug h an d f ibred, but t .he hea r t
an d liver a r e sp l e nd i d food , and
compar -e f avorA.bly with those of the steer , well knovn
to inhabitants of the 'te rsp-,
er-ate zon e" .
" Food f i s he s that are sold every day i n the e er-ke t.s of t he Unit ed Stat es are
no dif f er ent when taken in t he Arctic than t.hl"ly are in W8M-r va t.er-e, The sea
trout f ound off Grent l and , f or instance, i R a ep'Iendfd fi sh , \lith fir m \lhite me.a t
a nd deLr.cat.e flavor . At the 511me time eone of the aa I non f ound 1n the I'resh vat.er- a

.--
liTHE AFj-t OF corn-
!llBRADj)R lIAS \/0.1 ITS flAME ON ITS HFJUTS
i!!LH. F . ShortiR t Historlneraph~r)
No country on ear-th so richly deserves to be called d eligh~ful ilfl Labrador
(lithe am of go 'ld"} 1n suame r-, Persons are eo used to classing it tJith the Arctic
and semi..J..rctic Latdtude e that they have entirely lost out, 80 to speak, in calcukatdcne
of Labra dor . Truly enou gh when l ocke d in t he erabr-ece of vfnt.er -, this
ea stern peninsula of North Aml'!ric9. l ooks a nd Le a s much an d as t n 1ly Arct ic a s you
please .
But vhc shall de sc rdbe its summer beauty?
To begin 1J1th , the ve etber- is generally It settled Lcvedfneas , No skies are
bluer, no land bre-eze more delicately pe r-Iuaed , no vinds softer, no air more char -
ged vith a beautiful life than those that are !l.lIIne in labrador .
or cou r-se , storms come and atr-ongky a s se r t t.heeseIvee lilt times, eve n i n
summer , but so rarely do they arise a s to be n ~gl1gibl ., ~
VI'! hear -'::0 oft e n of th..:' "forbidding" co.st of Labrador, of it~ fro\olni=n=e= = = = = -ogranite
, and of its f r equent foga , that it if: bar-d to be H ev e how beautdf'uL the
country is. Tr uly enough, whe n t he autumn t>ettl",,!'; down in Labrador , it means
_~~. ~loo;n , sturlll ~nd :_har3hn~~3 ~ ...::;.B.~t· . even ~ this Ie st;a but : a_!~~r.: ti:l!e, giving pillce :-to"': ·_"· .
8 vf.nt.er- thlilt is e Imost, as i deal lind as l ove ly as the summer- s
The coasts ar e granite -bound , and the great. tow ering r ocks and bouIder-e t .hat.
line the coast f roo North to South are a proud corapeny by rea son of their e Iaoat,
eternal defiance of the angry seas that hav e r olled all t.he \.IRy across the Atlantic
frOID the Iri s h Coast in utter and glorious f r e",doo , only to find t.heras e I ve s i mpot -
ent.
when they e t.tempt, to rush the coa st of Lebr-ador-,
Foge Are not nearly as pI entdf'uI a s may be supposed , I nde ed, during a r -es dd-,

_ 2 _
Lence foe more than half a dozen times . The fogs of vhfch 'W" hear s o much are
II1111ny Leaguea out to sea . They rise chiefly in the neighborhood of the Benks of
Ne\lf oundland, wher -e the 'Warm va ter-e of the Gulf St.r-een COMe
into contact \lith the
chilled vat.er-a of the Atlantic cur-rent-e,
About 160 varieties of wild f'Lover-e arc found 1n Labrador, and
an abundance
of vf.Ld fruits surprising inde ed . On the barrens of Labrador (an ex pa nse of 10\1
shrubbery) grOYS a large e esor-tra ent. of berries,
comprising strawberries, r a spber-r-f
e a , gooseberries, r ed, white and black currants, par tri dge berries, bake
apple berries , \dId grapes and others. Many picturesqu e groups er children h~v"
I
seen diligently gathering these delicious fruits in the SU1Jl'ller , lind a s often
have I wondered ...hether they or the b'Iack bears der-Ived most pr ofit from bhea, It
is ve Ll. known in Labrador that the berry-picking season _l\,/&1's involves the stemest
vieilanc" . Mr . Bruin is devot-ed to thi~ form of ende avor. RAre , indeed , hov -,
ever, are the tdrsee vhen danger- has er-Lse n , Unl ess mol ested , the bears of
Labrador er-e gent l e and easily conciliated creatures •
. Many of th...· f'Lover-e are bt!autifully ecerrted and t;"ive forth a gener-ous, breath
a s one ga tber-e them or sits among them .
Flow ers er-e so admired by t he settlers,
t.ha t. t hey rarely, if eve r , pick them . On qutet, Sundays whol e f ami lie s go back
f;;I1\-t~- 'C C;;;t:t~vh;;.re tti~:-flo~ers are bjoorrln~ · and--fruits~cving uno · re~!t le - "'- -·-~
t.beaeeIvea \lith both'. ,
They take back the fruit and make it i nt o preserves , for vf rrte r , but t.be
FLower-s ar-e unt.cucbed , An hone s t i n stinct and an exceedingly vfse one . They
be'ldeve a living flower in the barren La better than a

- 3 -
late as e I even o 'clock lilt night, I
have often been able to read a book out of
doors .
The Northern Lf.ghts play b~lmtifully in summer , and add a great loveliness
to the night . I t is thought by many that the aurora bor-ee'He is char-acter-Lstdc
of wlrrter- only. Nothing could be further fro,," the truth.
And when they steal out of the Nor-ther-n sky at eve nt i de, the sun having eet ,
nothine could be more gor-geous them the radianc e they sh ed over everythi ng, to say
nothin~ of the spell of en chan t ment t hey exerci se .
The daylight, t.he nightlight, the moonlight, the starlight, 'e ve n the sunlight
of fair
a nd beautdfu.L labrador in sunner- are mort' truly beaut.LfuL lightA than and
I hav e Been in many other par t s of the wor l d. TMe is due , no doubt, to the ext r e­
me clearness and transparence of t he at.aospher-e , I hav e often said that there is
no t a i nt of corruption 1n anything anywhere in Lebr-edor- j t ha t it is, f ndeed , one
of the best and most lovely lots of God I e 'Wonc!"rful cr-eatdcn ,
..-_€?

-
gQ]!hL !IlLL
(By Lydia Chan~
Sometimes we sit lam enting
As m~l'Ilory t r aces back,
Tht" old familiar
Lendmar-ka
We mi s s f roD off our track.
For t .heyt re driving cars lind en gdne a
Where our feet wer-e wont to ake 'te ,
And they motor aver by - paths
Where
our lovers u se d t o \olait
And mighty shi ps from t ht" vat.er- s
Are han dled like a toy .
So t urn \01.,
stil l
But there's one left st i l l ,
Dear old " Si gna l Hi I Il! .
-0-
They have made a solid path\lilY
Where 'We plied the r,entle oa r ,
And th~ mer ry boating parties
To our ovn l oved hill .
-0-
' Ti s Love d 8 S when i n childhood
....e f rolick~d off frOlll echoo'l j
Vhen to rea ch thf'J wondr-ous spy_glast'l

_ 2 -
But,
of the hands tha t c l a sped our finger$,
Ka ~ght i s l~ f t but nou'lderdng clay,
Lik e the old fa:rlliar landmArks ,
Mis sing, loa, frOll off our 'Way .
But the grand old Hill
Points heaven war -d still.
--0--
Somet.Ine s ....e qu i z t.he chf Ldr-en
How would they like to slide ,
Fro', 'the Cathed ra'L dovn the hillsides
Right t o the ve ter- s i de ?
But v i s i ons of cars And eot.cr e
Say it can't be done ;
They vo t e ve are only j oking ,
That ve t re only poking fun .
'I'hese pj.easures are 011 _
ITi s lio n eve r-Ia et.dng hill .
- -0--
When
the very air is DUll,
What vouLd the vand er-er- give
To shod a ga in on Si gna l
Hill.
To ga ze out upon the ocean ,
To drink In its blest oe one ,
Would giv e to t hlA life of hit! a zest

- 3 -
Those ehat.t.er -ed ner-ve s voukd tone .
But 1n lIornine still,
He eee s his native hill.
-0-
But onc e a year
this hill top
negra the print of many feet,
And anxious eyes ar-e watchi ng
The first coming of the flee t .
For many a ship t e signalled ,
And many a shi p sails o'er,
And the
saddened eY09 oft ve t.chtng
For- the ship that CQD t"S no more .
Scan the flagfltaff still
On old SfgnaL Hill.
-0- -
Li ft up thine eye~ to ·the hill sides
From whence
t h.1 help con es free,
As .t h~ ):dl1s er-e ilXound Jer-usaI e a ,
So t .he Lord ~Ul~rd~th the e .
'l'hough t.be wave s hav e lasted
its strong-holds
And the t.or-rent.e torn i t s br-ov
And i t a sides are seemed and charmed
Yet
1t never deigns to bov
So , may we , like the hill,
St.e nd fiTlil, be upright Elt1l1 .
-0- -

III ·1'-1 5
~.illL!{!!
1012 (By R...v . eM-non Sml th) 1012
Sev e rrt y.-fdve yea r-s lIgo t .he ns rae of Archde .wocon \J:l.x va s a house-ho'ld v or -d tlmone
Chu r-chnre n i n Ne vf cu nd'l and , At t.he pr e se nt. lime I kn ov of but on" pe t-son 'Who had
a vi r-t.inct r ecollection of having seen MIll.
Ed....ard Wix ve c born i n Encland, bu t
gr-edu ated a nd t ook his degr-e e of H..A. a t Kine's Coll"Jge, v t nd s cr-, Nova Scotdu , He
V8S or-dud ned at Halif ax , N. S . , by the Rt , Rev . J ohn I n~1i s D.D . 1n lR26. I n 1827
he paid his first vi sit t o fi "J~oundland , co:ning h-ere e s chR.pl~in to Bishop IngId s ,
In 1 ~29 he succe ed ed t.he Ven erable Geor-g e Coote r in the Archrleaconry of K"J....J'ound -,
l e nd , and t he Inc umben c y of Bonevf s'tu , H e r emained but 8. rev reont.hs at B onevdst.a ,
t 1:l.".inr. up h i s r -esdd ence 1n th"J au t umn of lC29 i n St . J ohn ' s , vbd ch he made h i s
hea dq uer-t.er-s clurinc th\'! r-en a Lnder- of his at ny i n Ne vf'ound Ia nd ,
I take t.be f ollo""i ng ext r a c t frOi~ a r e por t eede by th... Ar-chd eacon t o t 1:~
S . P .G., i n lRJO , f 'r-oa vhf c h it a ppeer-s t.he t, in sddition to oner-ous c'I er-Lca L dut.y ,
h I") had , in tho public tnt.er-est. , be-...n ro'HJ~ 'dne : " On t.be r-oad to Torbay 1 vas
sev ereI days ee pIoyed , b ~for r: the s~ttine in of tho vfnt.er-, 1n company vfth D
Roown CiJtholic cI er-gyman , V1''tfFn'''ffiTl y On~t':tmd Tee - o! o;r-'Cit!t~ f1..p': ":.~ , vOO ~ave
eev e r -eI dflyli of grat u .it.ous "I nbor- to the r epe f r- of br ddge s , drainine of svampa and
vee the super-Lor- I 'acd Lt t.y ....hieh it ....ould afford their cker-r-y for vldtine them" .
Fr-oa t.he fir!l.l , the Archcleucon e nt .er-tedned .II ....ur-a Af f ect.ion f or i"ortU{:b1 Cove
en d its people . In 18)0 hI": pur-chased fl, buildinp, t .be t, had b- e n on inn, Cl od nlterinr.
an d MI,li nc: t.be r e t,o c onve r ted i t into iii church . This Church v us consec r-et ...d a nd

- 2 _
p'l uce in t.he morn ~nc . In tho afternoon n confirmation lJ 8 S he Id in t.he nev
Church , t.11'" cendtduten bo-1nC prcsent.ed by the Archdeuc"n. One of the per-s on s t.ben
confjrltl("ii Is no v pt. u vr-ry udvonced nee ~ti l l l i vlne a t St , Philip' n. St .
"C& rl lJolo r rl~y l S ....ur. a t. l h:tf. time the only church on the South s fd e of Conception
On J ul y 7th.., ] ~ 12 , Ddnhop I nelis consecr-e ted t.he fir ::;t church built at
Por-t.ugu L COY~ . 'i'1I1:-; Chur ch vfH; built Iar-ge Ly t.hr-ougb the d.nst.r-ument.eId ty of the
l a t~ Rev . T . H. tJooo , who, t he prevdou s yc or, ha d be-en s t.a t.Loned e t Fouc h Cove as
Ar-cbdeecon '':i x !, !"~)!·el\:' f"d Hr. ,{ovd to Dif:hop I nelis { oJr or df na t.Ion e s- ;~ "c on i n tho:
old church e t, St . ,Tohn t !; . One or two of Lhc office boo ks used on this occa edon
NW c e scaj-cd .fh·e ~' J"\'J mi l c1t"\J end ere yet, & +~ tbe Cet.hedr-e L, I hne on- of then in
my hand at, t he I)rc. ~r.. t ~on he Ld t ht:'" r~ Ls ot, Juue ,
On th"!; inf.-,:-r)ol' ~·3 11 of t.ho:' porch of ~ h~ pr-es..nt. Chur-ch at Por-Lu ja I Cove ere
t.vo br-s os tl":;blet~~ pI nce-d by Ar-chrteucon \.'ix 01'\ t.he ....e Ll.s of t.he olr), ~hurd~ to t he
,
me mot-y of 1..wo of h i~· chf Idr- e n , one ~ ho~v ; died i n H:'Ilifay., a nd t.be oth..r-, i'~f'ry
-+!- -' - .~~
In Ar c h (le !l c o r' : ~;: ~:' f : t:tri ro- ; " s-ervdce i:""s "h- lrl e t, Br-oed Cove in th~ h 011~e ·of !·:rs .
Thi.!" fiuer:e:-:Lion v 'n l"ct ~ri upon by tnt" Co;runiLt.e e on n C il'l~ n ch. t l! re' f n 190/,.

4. 7
- 3 -
Rev . ""m. ItuHock, _ ~ho \,'':..5..~h...re 1n 1829 . startinC from h011~ on 17th . Fe by , , the
Ar-chdencon t ram ped on sn ov shoes to t .he bottom of Trinity Bf,Y, from 'then ce a cr-o s s
th.. neck lind by Iund to I'f pe r-l s Ho'Ie , 'l'be r-est, of tht'! journey he performed i n
boa t. , Dur-Ing 't he vho'Le of the lone and most arduous journey , the Archdeacon had
no tiding~ from home or frorn St . Jobn I S . On his r e t ur n South; for he ....rei t ed at
Flay ~t . Ge-or-g..., until t.he y fini~hed buJldine; a nd launching a cu l ter for hi m t o
tuke pas93ce in , he. met , on July 27th. , anot ber- cutter off LePo 'i.Le SPy , se rrt in
s ear-ch or him by his ....ife find frir:ndt:: i n St . J ohn I is . He r-eached home on Aur.;ust
l.th' J
aft...r an ebsenc... of ne a r-Ly sdx months . A j ourna l of this vd sd.t a t don .....as
pub Lt s-he d by th... ~rch(l eBc()n in 1836. I conclude thi s a cc ount wi th a co py of t he
next to t .he ll:\st ent .r-y in this journal. "Sundays , Au ~u ~ t 9t h . , 16th., 2 3r~ .
vas hepoy to r-...n...... my conne ct.ton .... Lt.h th ~ dnt.e r-e s t.Lnr; c onr-r-e ee t.Lon of st .
Ber thoLomevts Church, Por t uge I Cove , to vhf c h pInce , t.hr-ovvh the ex er -t.L ons of t.h e
late ex ce Ll.ent, Governor , S3r 'Ihomes Coch r-ene , t.her-e i f! a very g ood r oa d f r om St .
John's, Far- diff...r ent fr-om t.be t, by '..'h i d , I t.r -cveLl .eo on my first visit to t he
I
Ls Ianc' in 1£27 . Here! heLd t .....o ~.~rvlc e~ , _~ ''Ol rt iz. e d sdx ch i Ldr-en Ar:O nc'hninister",rl
th~ "c.Iy Go.nmuni.on t o thl"; USUA l nun be r- of c o-nmur dca nt.s at that se t .t.Lemen t,';
In 1 8 37,
broke n i n hee Lt.h f r om be r-dsbdp e ndur-e-d i n sd ssdonar-y 'Work, And
- r ....:fine: htrnf;'l.t n~ 1bnr.-.r-:--

(By H. F . S h.Qr t i ~ . HifltorioO"raphm
You nev er heard a ny of the yer-ne spun by Dick the Dietel". I ex pe ct he vas
considerably before your time, a nd I think he was about t he Le st, of his class. A
hund r-ed years ago 'ther-e wer e many strang e customs in Nevf'oun d'la nd , eome of them
reli c s of t he manners jmpor-ted from English and Er-Lah villages i n t he Old Country;
but others were pec u'Har to our trade and i t s ne ce esf.tde e ,
You ha ve often heard of the "ddet.er-s" or "vender- men " . They represent ed a
class and an occupation t he counterpart of which you will seek i n vain to find
eLee vhe r-e ,
I n the ear ly days of the I'Lsher-Le a , the Br'Ltd sb Skippers and
Surrogates,
hired their crews in England or Ireland and brought them out her e . They wer-e bound
by law to bring back as many as they had shipped in t he ea r l y s pring, as t he l aw
ve s very strict i n enqui ring as to the number of the I'Lsher-men brought back rrce
the I sland, and a skipper W!'l.S put to conrdder-abk e expense and t rouble if a man died
or de ser -t.ed while on the voyage ,
Th ~~ e fisherme n consisted chief l y of west. Oount.ry and Lr Lsh T;roung~tersll. , and
as these wer-e the days befor e Unions were dr -eamed of, t.he
vage s paid were l ow, eve n
f or that pe riod . In fact when a f'Leher-man brought pren sur-e on the master after a
. ...- , . ~ . .... _~
io·0d -~;;Yae;7f~~"=;~'y:i;e~or·· P;T~ · a-nd 'sUc c-e~d ;·d i ~50ft;nin~· t.be h·~ ' -of-his ·:e-~pio.Y:':· -~:: -:
e r he vas ve r y much better off, because the poet of that day, who was a s of ten a s
not the hdat.orden also, t ells that in a CQ~e ~im i lar to the one und e r consideration,
t he naater- gave vent to his impatience and granted the prayer a t the same time , in
t he
f ollowi ng immor tal Lmes r-,
" You imp of bkaaest It 11 r-aLse you r wages
Fro," fifty shillings t o tva poun! t en" .

- 2 -
s et t l ed , and
many of the "youngst .er-e" u sed to de s ert and r emain behind during the
winter . Lat er, when the laws relritine to set.t.Lemerrt ve r-e relaxed , large number-s
of t.he fiElhery servants stayed 1n st . John's find other eet.t.Ieaent.e , I n st . Johnts,
particularly, many s t ayed , and 8 !'l they ver-e not he r -ese-bckde r-s and could not
a f fo rd to pay board , the n d i" t~ r n, vas evolve d.
Af t er t he sea eon t s fishine ""HI over, two or mor e of t.he se would "h eave toge
t .he r " and put i n eno ug h fish , her ring, por k , br e ad, butter and molasses t o do
t.bem until the fir st of }l'arch when the seeI fishery began . S&y t.hree or foo r of
t hem agreed to "h eave together" , they vcu'ld look about for a house , preferably one
ovn ed by , 8 vteov, an d put in their stack of provision s , the vfdov e eenvhf Le acting
e e cook and housekeeper" , During November a nd December- they woul d go in t he vood a
and before Christmas they woul d hav e cut a nd bcu'led fu e l e nough t o l ast all the
winter .
These were r -e-guk er- independent "dde ter-s't , but there was another
cla ss of
df e be r- or vmt.ernan vho shi pped for the \linter, and in r-e-turn for his board and
l odging made him fielf ge ner a l l y u serut, end r e ce i ved no r emun eration .
Am.:mg 'th e
latter C18 5 S developed R t ype who 'Wa s more akin to t he "poor scholar" i n I rish
b t e t.cr -y, than :t o·any ot.her ,_ _T ~i3 \I.as. t h... _~n ~ ~~ o being a "knov f edge eb.le I!'a"1: 1 •.:._
farnilia~ \li t h the"three Rt e" u sed to bfI! sought by the suburban fa rme r or t he ou t -
port p'Ierrte r- and t aken into his horae a:::: one of the f tmily. Hf s J:lain dut y ve e to
teach t.he children in the nfgbt.s , bov to r ead an d vr-Lt e and ciphe r . SOMetimes
t.hese v m terne n wer-e wel l informed and eometdn ea they ver-e men of one bookj
gener-a Tly they wer e the or-ecIea of their re sp ective nef.gbbcc-hood s , e nd it was
su rprising how ve H they knew \lha t they mew. Soeet.fmee one had l'l p-nchent; for
metbe-me t.Lc e an d th" mos t, eb et.ruse qu e s t.r one and
puz e'Lee in Ar i t hmetic vou'ld be
df ecuss ed and s o'Ived n1Cht e rt.er- nizht . Oth ~r:'l v ou'ld be st.rong on hf s tot-y, the

- 3 -
Fr-ench Revokutdon , t.be Rhdng of ' 98, and 8 dfscuasdon of the r-eIatdve mer dba
of Buonepar-te and We l l~ngton 'Woul d be evergreen t opics. SOT!le of the old Ia-Lahmen
of t his class were mar-veLa of a ccur-acy i n their
kno ....l edge of history a nd mabheme't-.
dee and there 'Were very f ew who co ul

III . - /~ ?~~~~/ ,~~/ ._...6-' / --4"::' . '

_ 2 _
society r-enderd ng life unp'leaaant, and Bullying the beauty of the christia n eou L,
I
Among t he sveetesb r ecollection of the sed drama so lately e nac t ed before our eye s,
'th er-e is one e pdeode vhfch can never be forgotten
by the Catholic Co'llmllJl1tYi ve
a llude t o the gr aceful ac t of Lady Glover 1n placing a tasteful wreath Rod cr-oae
\lith bouquets of exquisite ",hite roses upon the bier previous to the f uneral .
This
beautiful token of r espect an d e et.een remai ned, by her Ladyship's expr ess desire,
upon the coffin during t he funer al proce sefon , and c he n the body had arrived at the
wharf i t 'Was care fully taken off, and vf.Ll. be a g'"1" p'Iaced ov er the grave of t.be
depar-t ed
Prelate i n the old l a nd, wher e let us hope it mliy serve as a connecting
l i nk be twe en NevfoundIand and t he motive l and of Lady Gl ove r . And ve t ruf't that
t he heartfelt blessings that will be e voke d upon her Ladyship in eve r y I a nd vher-e
beats a tree Irish heart , viII COlli e dovn upon her- a thousand fold . A great ma ny
obher- Prot estant ladies also continued to s end i n magnificent bouquets of f l owers,
!'IO that the nedghbot-hood of 'the cat.abaIque present.ed the appear-ance of • r i ch
conservatory'l
The) As the ebeamer- was ex pe c t ed at a n earl y hour on Thursday, all t he
Funeral)- ...-----"---.-.... ~........ ~~--- ..- ..... _-- --- .... ~ .~--- ---
~ - --
preparations f or the r emoval of the body ver-e coapket ed ove r niehtand
here we cennot, omf.t, to pay
tribute to the skill and pr-cept.Ltude displayed by
=-', .:..:. . -'r:fr :-MCGr at h :-:-:-Vh-"'::had : c_h~Lge_c=Of~~~_ pr o c~ ~d 1 n ~ ~ ,, -,,",T hough h~ .::--laboI'.~um~er -:v~r'Y" gr~a,~ ::"='~-i:
difficulties, the chief of vhdch was want of tifl\c , e'v ~ rythi n g- was don e in 8
superior manner and all passed off \lithout the slight.,st hitch to ea r- ct.he :'101,,mnity
of the cer emony . I n the ep ac e of four hour-a of night 8 superb coffin , pitched and
air -tieht a nd e l e ga nt l y mounted vf.tb purpde velvet and silver t .r-eppdngs vas prepareed
, At t he appointed tim'" this vas p'leced i nto an outer one of z:1nc , and finally
a vooden case cover-ed by Il. velvet pall. At ha lf paet, ~ i gh t o t c I ock A.M. the
OUoJtins for the dead ver-e intoned in the CathedrAll a large gftthering of priests vas
pr-e een't , both from this and the neighboring daocen e of Harbor Grace .
The full
office of 't hr -ee noc tur-cne \lith lauds \la., chamt"'Jd , a f t .er whi c h eo'lean Hu.s:'I commenced -

- 3 -
The ce Lebr ant, was t.he Very Rev . Fr . Farrishl, Administrator of the Cat.bedr-e L,
\lith the Rev . John Ryan And H. F. Hovley as deacon and sub-deacon , At the C10M
of the Mass the MOst Rev. Dr. Power ascended the pulpit and delivered an effectlog
di s course
on the life of the deceased 51shop , an d dve Lt, tend er ly on the
intillate friendship exist i ng between them for many ye ar s, and particularly d\l~lt
upon the last moment", and last sayingfl of Ehe departed . He observed that the
s cen e befor e hill. preached a eertson mor e eloquently than words of hfs , He hoped
that i n the pr esen t of the great so r row that over-ehadoved the 'Iand , bdc ke r -tnge ,
con t entions and a l l uncharitablen ess woul d dd sappe ar-, a nd that the Aneel
of
Re concdLf a t.Lon woul d bring dovn on our l and pe ace a nd good will 11 ke he a'Hng ba m
on his \lings. Few e7e :o. were dry e-nong t ho audience , eve n the strong head of man -
hood bowed in uncont rolable a f f liction unde r t .he gr eat blov ,
The f i ve abao'lut.Lone of the ca tafalque pr-e scr-Lbed f or such ::lol~I'L'l occasions
wer e next gdve n ,
During the day a heavy fog prevailed out si de in. the Bay pr-eventdng t he st.eanerfroJ:l
making Land , The gr-eat.est, anxiet y obtained t.ht-oughout, t.he city, and eve r y
quoi n of vantage was avadIed of to vat.cb f or the first sagna I of t he appr-oach , Thl't
Cat hedral vae t.hr-ong ed all day by a vast crcvd , who wit h bated breat h and \lith
::-~·-.r~ ~ lln g a~ JJ.~~'\g- t o _ :t!lJ'-:-hfr;h.!!_~'L:tensio~~~'l;"~~ t ~~n~ !~~ ·~~ ·l

- 4 -
ticn of the C.liH~aU~ 'Was given by the Rev . Fr . Porr-Lst.e L,
A body of st.lwart men
appr-oached and l~id bold of the mortuary C8B~, and , with great, ease and good order,
co nve yed i t t o the hee r-se , RWQl t l ng outside t-he main ent r an ce . The case containing
the coffin vefgbed ne ar-Ly one ton , and too much pr-ad se cannot be given to these
1n charge for the careful, r espect.ruk and su cceesfu'L manner in which it vas handked ,
The hea r-se va s drawn by four horses caparisoned in black and
silve r , and \lith
tall p'Iuee e of black rising f r oo their beads , The pall bearers ve r e t e n in number,
consisting of t he Pr -esddent,e of the various Catholic Soc de t de a , I mmediately in the
r ear of t he body moved the mourning coaches of the Bishop and
His Excellency the
Governor . Next followed the priests and Chr isthn Br-ot.her-e two and two . The
ver-Lou e Societies of t.be Town WAre dtet.r-dbut.ed, se-se i n front and 50!!!" in r ear of
the hearse , and the whol e procession \.I'8S lighted by torch-bearers at intervals. A
deputation of the Benevolent Iri sh Society of Conception Bay , who had cOM~ over f or
the
sad ceremonial, vaLtced in a c cor da nce lJith tdm e-boncred cuat.on, lJith t heir ed et. er­
Society of St . Johnt s , The procession \l8 :'! over a mile i n length, and exceeded in
~olennity and impodng effect Anything ever snovn, or eve r li'k: l'Ily to be known i n
the history of Newfoundland.
The silent respect shcvn by the dense crowds could
not but strike home to t.he Leaet, thinkin~ soul . Thi .s a ....ful ant.Lt.beed e , vhtch
forced -itse l f up on t.he lllindfl of all be t.veen the j OYOU3 and trl;:;'ph~nt proc es~ion
which on that very day sdx veeke bore 1n exultation through the sal'll'! str eets tbe
t.hen buoyant and genilill Bishop and Apostolic DeI egat.e, and t.hqt which nov conefgn-,
ed to the self same steRmer "Caspian" his cold and lifelesB cllily, made a n"aepr-eae-,
ion on the hea rt never- to be forgotten .
On arr iving a t the whel r f the coffin v A,!'l a t onc e place d a boa r-d vf .t.hout,
accfr'ent, or
diffiCUlty, find on the part of the public w-e f'ee I bound t.o t.end e r- the
thanks of the cOl'll1lWlity to the owner- of the A1l8n line , Sir Hugh Al18n , vho

- 5 -
directed that t.he remain s should ~ conv ey ed bon e i n his Bt"&m~r f r e e of cha r-ge ;
s econdly, to t.he Aeent of t he COlllpRny an d the officl'!lrfl and cr ew of the eteemer-J
,
vhose action vas throughout most cour-teous and respeet.ruj , The coffin 1JM:i placed
i n a sp ec da I apar-t ment, set aside f or it, and t he clergy wer-e permitt ed t o take a
finRl vd ev of it. Th.., aff ection a nd fervor of t he peopl e were most t ouching, ann
it requ i red the physical f orce of the police t o t.ea r- them ava y froll the case upon
which t hey ha d t hrown
't be a se Ive s sobbing vildly.
Thu s the curbin ckoe ed on this sad dr a",,, of r eal life-t he saddeet, cha pter
in t he his t or ;t of Nevfoundkand , Let, ua ho pe once a cr-e i n the voi-ds of our Bishop ,
that t he memor y of it may mak e us be t ter lind sadnt.Ider- men , and thclt f rOl!l t hat
tomb a bles s ing may COntI") f or t h upon our country t.hat, m~ y f ruitlfy a t .houa and f old
unto pea ce and harmo ny and prosper ity to all c I e sees and denoednat.Lone of our
peopl e .
Hia )
Life)
The ralloving meagr-e outline of Dr . Conr-oy! ~ biognphy i s gather e d
f r oll the Iuner-eL df scour-se deHver-ed by Bishop Po....er- on Thursda y:- -
~~ T~~~ty~igh~y~t.'s a l) he vent, to Tome to study for the pr-f e et.hood , Car-dfna L
--- - --- ~ - - - -- - - ------,=""i~=o'~
ilion , the gr -eat, sanctity of life, the untirine zeal a nd e n~ r~ i n all Church ad -
::-~-.!1 "1. ~~~:tt-~~-T°E; t~~~~~~:"f~~~:~~~ :J ::-~:~.:~ :=~~~~~~ ~ _c~o~~~f~~:1~i~~ s.;~~~_-=€~
i nsight int o chara cter, ....hich f a cui t y, singula r l y e:ai nent in hill, has en abled hi..
to surr ound h im ~elf wi t h the ab lest an d be st in the Irish Cbur-ch , It va s he thAt
discussed
the first germs of t he splendid hlentf' f or vhf cb Dr . Conroy has bee n
dist i nguishe d ; lind it va s he s en t. t .he youn g s t ud e nt toRome in 1850 .
Por s eve n ye8 rs Dr . Conroy pur-su ed his ~tudies I n the Pr-opaga nda where h l"J not
only obtained t he h i Eh~ st di nl i nction s in th", sacr-ed ecfe nce s , but by hi e s t.t.r-ac t -,
i ve manners end genhl qu e Lf t.Le e von frOl'l hie fe l l llW' et uden t .e (I love a nd r egard ,
vhd cb , t.be se , occu pying a ~ t hey do t.oday, et.atdona 1n ev",r y deg r ee a nd in every

- 6 -
region of the Church warmly cbe r-Leh ,
A quarter of .. century ago, 'When he va s
pre serrted \lith thfl gold III.f'Jdal 1n CAnon Lav and al so in Tbeokogy, he began that
a ecendfng path vhfch led hill to th., highest bonor-e in tbe Church.
In 1857 he
\la S ordained pr-Iest, and returned to his natdve land. His f irs t appointment \l 3.S
to a profeesionship in the For eign Hissionary Colleg e of All HaLkovs ,
Here f or
nine years he labored, and on every mi~sion on the globe his pUpilfl ar-e t o be
f ound . Rev . J ohn Ryan of Riverhead is one of t.hose whom. he gav e to Newfound land.
The Rev . F . Ryan , S .J . ,
late secretary, c onne cted by birth \li t h this i Al.and,
e't ud f ed under Dr . Conroy. I n t he se cIu edon of Hol y Cr -os e Dr . Conr oy stor ed up
t ha t mul tifarious yet e ccur-et e lear ning of which he l aid t he f'oundatdone so broad
and de ep vh en 1n Roae ,
Fror.a All HeHovs he vas t ransferred
to the cha Ir- of Mora l Th""oloRY i n Holy
Cross Colleg ~, of vhfch, his friend no,", ecccepanj-fng hfe corpse IIlCrOl!lR th~ oc ean
ve s President . Of the :'IU: years vhl.ch he devoted to tMt 'in~titut1on, of the
d,e scholarship he displAyed , the !""itient toil , the p'lacdd t .enper-,
th", genial
Sy::llr'1t!1~e:'L.t~~ .he.. 1?rqught42 hi~ vcrk p!!.d_to his i n t"!rc.?1:';- s ~_\l i~t.~_t he 1'I!-\ld,!nt~J ~__ _
the refine ment , t he gracious manners, t he po Hehed \lit
that characterized his comm-,
un i on \lith his f e llow professors, t he manifold accomp'ldslu eent,s, lit"!r(D' lind socda L,
~;:·7 th,r;,t flhe(r"'-tt;~~AhiA--"o(-ee nti-'; ~ilpi)A his.life " hil'l"act dcne Mil d bi~'~Titjnes::-,"e-'pr~r"~r -=t
o say nothing here . I n 166 Cardinal Cullen made hf m hi s Prdvat.e Secr etA r y ; in
I f/) the age d Archbi:-Jhop of Arm$lehJ II near- r -eI etdve of Dr . Conro:r, e sk ed Rome for
II coadjut.or-, but on the ve ry day that thl"l clere,y of th"! Archdioc ese met , under the
Pr-e efdency of the Bishop of I;evry, 'th e s...nlor l'Iulfragan of t he Province to proceed
to t he election , the Archbi shop ~i ed . Doctor Conroy 'WaR universally rega r de d ae
t he most likely to be chosen hlild the e l e ction pr-oce-ded , The ne xt y ...ar ill S Dr .
McCabe, Dif>hop of Ardash lind Clanme envisey \l8.~ r-eturndng f'r-oe the Council of the
VRticAn , he dded i n Par-Le , a nd Dr . Conr-oy vas .. t onc e appoint ed to succe ed him .

- 7 -
It 1::1 til coincidence worthy of r-emar-k t.hat, two successdve bd ahope of Ardagh
ahou 'ld die abr-oad , Dr . McCabe who 'Was til Vincentian, 11'1 buried in PAris ",t the
parent house of t he Order to .....hleh he belonged .
On t he LLt b , April, le?1, his exalted succesaor was coneecr-at.ed , During the
years of
h iR Epd scopat e that he r e ma i ne d in I r e l and , Dr . Conr oy e Lvaye occupied the
laborious positions of Secret.ary at the Heetings and Synods of the Irish bishops;
it was his powerful pe n that eave to the acts , r esolutions, decr ees and dec.Iar-at-,
ions of t.heve ne r -abke body their pub 'ld ebed shepe , Tht": education question i n I rela nd,
by far the most important that has egd ta'ted public opinion there since Enancepatdon ,
Found in t he successor of St . Nelo its ab lest ex ponent. I t ve e he that f'r-e eed 'th e
scheme of intermediate education which has been adopted by
the present Imperial
Governm ent .
Lord Cairns, the ChanceLl.or- of the Beaconsf'deLd Government, has I nt.r-oduc
ed the measure in the House of Lords : and it argues not only the great dnteHect -.
ual abilit y , but the consummate t.act. and
ddp.Loaacy of Dr. Conroy, to hav e 'Won over
such a government as the preeent., and such stern opponent as Lord Cilirn~ to the
edoptden of his bold and . original vfevs , No nee sur-e has had t.he same euccesa 1n ~
satiefying a l l relieiou3 denominations and disarming political par-tde s , \-'bile
engaged in devd sdng and negotdatdng the new e ducat.Lone I syst-em serious difficult_
,=-,",,-",-,...:_ ..... -'-.....",._= e _ --, __"--'-.._"'""_ =- _,- .•",-c•. """'_'- ",,~_,~=-._=__ ._-" __:"--'.-__.."'~_~__
=~le ;~n "'"t h( ~~ini ons of '~ h':'l'3~-t~m g rJ e -it: ' ri~~s'~ l'J'-r§ - for"'the~ ou~T -~t Ro~rn-:--t~ .~~d---= ~ -. -r:
a Delegate to Constantinople , end Dr . Conr oy WBS at onc e ae Iected for the delicate
office . But the ur-gent. solicitat.ion of the I r i sh epd.scopacy, and in deference to
.'
the peremptory clRim~ of the Irish affairs then occupydng Dr. Conroy, t.he Holy See
gr-acfous'Ly r-e'leased him free to concIude the OO5in"'88 .
In Feby. 177 , however, be
was sursnon ed to Rome , and in repeated conferences vft.h him on matters of gr -ave
Impor-t.ance hi f1 specdaI fitness for the Ri 3510n to Harth Amer-fce mant I'e s'ted itself
to the Holy Father . He left I r e l and in t.be follo....ing April . Next. month Dr . Power-

_ 8 _
had the ba ppfnees of meeting him 1n St. John, New Bru nsvfck, and 'Witne:'lRing the
ser-fe s of brilliant r-ec e ptdcn s 'that, e t.t end ed bde subsequent, pr -cgr-esa through
Cl'1 n.r..dA.
And i n this connect.Len Dr . Power a as ur ed ' the congregati on on Tbur-sday
t .he t, the Delegate de clar e d he had nowhere e ncountered a more ent.buat.e stdc recept ­
ion than in Ne vfound'land , In the beginning of this yea r he ....as comrat asdoned to
go t hrough the United St .at e e , a duty "'hleh he had hardly eccoapI dsh ed vhen he had
t o pr eside a t a Synod of the Canad i a n Bdsbope a ea emb'Ied at Que be c , From that time
t o the day of his arrival in St . J ohn ':! he was t r avelli ng ni ght an d day , giving no
res t t o his body, a nd , of c our-ee , no r epose t o his ednd , On Corpus Christi he l a i d
t he foundation et.o ne of tho'"! aev Church at Chatham, a nd a f t er t.be cer emony vhfoh \.l',"l.:'l
of course per-f'or med Inthe open air, he va s obliged to trave l by night t o H.qUfax .
On June t he 25th. he l fl' f t that port for I;ewfoundlltnd , vher -e he arrived on t he 27th.
'l'he sad sequel of t h"'J story is told else whe re .

(11·1 S1
lATE ARCHBISHOP HO:JIEY
By the dee th of tho late Host Rev. Michael Francis Hovkey, Archbishop of St.
Johnt s , October 15t h. , the Colony Los e s a great Chur-chman and great patriot .
Admirably filling in the eyes of hla co-religionists the exalted
po st of Primate
of their Chur-ch in Ne....foundkan d ,
he occupied no 1 0B9 pr-cednent, a place 1n tbe minds
of the peopI e of all oIasse e by the st er ling qua l ity of his cdtds e ns hf p , his unqu
eat.Loned
patriotism an d t he earnestnes s a nd sincerity vh fcb he .brought to every
form of public e ndeavor. And not the l ea s t t .r-fbut.e to hi.!'! worth i n a l l r-espect.a
wa s the spect.ecIe presented at his funeral ob sequies, when de'legat.Lone of
c l ergymen
r -epr e sentdng all the Pr ot est ant Churches in NeW'foundland ....ere f ncluded among
the official mourners, who occu pfed p'lace s i n the Roman C!ltholic Cat.bedra'l, and
Io'l.Ioved hie: remains to their I ast, r -e-st dng place .Ln Belvedere .
Hi chae l Fz -encd s Howley ve s born 1n St. Jobnt e on Se pt.embe r- 25th . , 1843 , in
the f amily hoae no .... the r-eeddenc e of the Christian Dr ot r.e r tl of t ho Orphanage at
Haun t Cash e I in the suburbs of the City. He vee a son of Richar(l'Ho\Jley, oft native
of Gkangocde , Tipperary, vbo he d e mi grated here about A hun dr-ed year-s ago , end who
e n t. ,. bli ~ hfll d ~ e er-cant.f Le beefneee i n the city and oper-ated 8 b !':i? far l4 i n t.be •
suburbe , The future cleric ve s one of 8 ra~jJy of thirte en , of 1 0m anI,.. two nO\l- 'i: "-.""~~
survive , hil" brother Jame s P . Hovkey, Geological Surveyor , end his edater-, Hiss
Anni e Hov'ley,
Destined , like his brother Richerd, who died t vo yee r-e ago, for t~ prieRthood
, he vee eent, to Roae a e a youth a fter pr eliminary studies at St. Bonev entuz-e t s
College i n this city; and i n du e cour-s e ....RR ordained prde st, at Pr-opaga nda Colleg e
in 186 8 . ile wa s chose n ae Iecr-et.er-y by Ar-chbf shop Eyr e , of G hSl~ow, Rn(l rerv...d on
I
th~ Scotch mia:tion vt th hill for twelve I'\cmth:1i but while at Rome with him for th",
.

- 2 -
of ~,t . John 's, an d ret ur ned her-e with him in the flame capacd.t.y, He se r-ved for BO!'! e
years in ft . John' f' and then \l3S ca l led to St. Geor-g e ! e e a As~i5tant t o the late
Rt . Rev. Mer . Sea r-a, the Prefec t Apostolic of t he "' e~t Coast . Her-e he s erved for
some years, ex ce pting one wint~r , vb en , o\lin~ to ft br eakdown in hea lth he did duty
as Curate at Harbor Br eton un der i t s t .he n pa st.o r , Hgr-, Rea rdon , of Pka centde ,
On the death of Her . Seer-s i n 188 5, Dr . Hov'ley vas named his eucce ee or a nd i n
1~2 , when St . George ' s ve e e l ev ated t o 8. Vic::lr iate , he va s co ns ecr-at.ed ito first
prelate \lith t be t itl e of Bdehop of ArnRst rio 1n infidel per-t. s , i n the C a th~dra l a t
St. John1tl, by t he I at.e Bdshop Poy e r , on St. John's Day , J une 24t h . , in t tmt Y~ 8r ,
the a s s i sti ng Pr elates being Bishop P'.acdonald ,
of Har bor Grace , and Bdebop
Nclrone I d , of Charl otte town , Princ e Edward La Land ,
Litt l e mor e t.han t wo ye ars l a t er ,
a f ter t he de eth of Bd.ebop Pover , in th'!! Fa l l
of 1894, Dr . Howl ey v28 t ransferred to St . John I S 88 his su cceasot- a nn va s installed
in the CQthen ral on Feby , 22nd . , 1S95 . Nfne year:'! Iat.er-, in Februar y 1904,
Ite'otfoundland W8 8 eleva t ed to a n Ecck e sdast.f ca L Pr-ovdnc e , Bishop Hov'ley be f.ng
crea t ed Ar chbishop And fir:'!t
M'!!tr opollta n of the Pr-ovdnce , t he r a l l win , or- inaicn=
ia of an Archbi~hop , be i ng confe r-r-ed on him. by the La t.e Bi~ho? Fficdonaln i n Jul y
of that y~ar .
r'r . Hovkey va s thus '~ho'! r;rst " fO!.";'~!,d l!i!ld '! r 0.[ "H:'e C a t holtF ft l ~ h to }j.,
elevate d t o t he Bdeboprd c and likewi se t o t he Archbishopic , a nd he had the ea t.Le-.
faction , befor e he di ed , of ee ef ng t h., other- t wo See e filled by na t dve s of the
Colony a e 'Well a a hdmne Lf __Bdebop Het-ch of Har-bor- Grace a nd Bi shnp Power at St .
George 1 e ,
Durinr. hill La bor-s on t h O! ~ ! e s t Coast, LT. Howl ey proved hfme eIf nn ene r-ge t dc
ami capabl e Qc1r.'li ni~trRt.or , one vho \185 constant i n hi ~ e f'f'c r-t.s t o pr-oact.e the
mat er-LeL e e well A,~ U .... ~p l rl t.u 9 l ve Lf'e r-e of h i ~ flock . He b1li1t t he CJlt.hed r Ml ,

- 3 -
Presbytery, sod Convent at Sandy Point, Churches and
Pt-esbyter-Lee at Bonne Boy,
Bay of Islands, Bank Head J Port-au-Port and Stephenville ; the C,hurch at Channe L
and the Church at St . Geor-ge t e , vhfLe he a lso built lIlany schoo'le, helped to wi den
t he educatdona L edvant.eg e s of t he peopl e , and i n a ddi tion look a pr omi nent pa r t in
freeing our W'estern Cosst from French occupation, stamping out the traff'ic i n
esmgg'led geode \lith St. Pierre, and a wakening the cutsine 'World to t.be tourist a nd
epor-t dng pcssfbdLf.tdee of our ve at.ern seaboar-d ae ve L'l B 8 to the gz-Le vence s f rom
vhfch its people euf'I'ered at that t.fae , Nor -eover- , 85 he spoke both GAe lic and
Aca di Gn df e I ect.e, he wa~ apecil'lly r evered on th~ ',lest CO'g:=tt , vhich be a many sett -.
Ier-e of Scotch and French ext r a ction ) And to the older ones, who spoke t.hese
t ongue s , he sp ecial ly e nde ared himself ,
and 101111 be gr ea tly regret ted by t hem.
I n Et . John' 9 he contdnued siuhr Active 19bor.!'lj r-est.cr-fng t.be Cathedral at
a cost of ~lOO,OOO ,improvlng St . Patrick's Church ( i ncludi ng new spir e ) at a cost
of ~30 ,OOO ; pr-onotdng the Floy~ l Or-phanage at Moun t Oeehe L, f or whi ch he ga ve t he
site ; building the new \li ne to St. Bonev errtur-.. ' =" Colleg e at Q cost of $70 ,000,
- - - - - . -- - ~~
end encour-agdng the erection of the QIDonel ",.ling a t St. Patrick's" Halll -the Oratory;-- ----
Hilitary ROAd Conven t; ne w Hor-t.uar-y Ohape I at Noun t Carmel Cemet ery;
th"! enlar geeent,
of Littledale..~cad~V", _~. r ourv.U.A::' ~ of St. Clar e l s Hcme , et c ° i n . ~he City , _~ .~ __
'While In every outport par-Lsh new chur-cbes , pre sbyter-I es and ~chop l.!'l hav'; °tw.; en
~
built, the l a s t function in which he t.ook part bein~ the l aying of the corner stone
of • new Convent at :[o"~rryland in Sept.ember ,
In addition to the !nlltiplicity of t he e ccles i a s t i cal tasks de volvi ng u pon him ,
t.br-cugh the adntrd et.r-atdve nec eeedtde e of t he Archdiocese of st. John t~ , h... pe r-ecn -,
ally prepar-e d t he p'lans and super-vf eed the work of much of t he c onet .ruct don of
chur-ch bud Id Inge car-r-Ied out in thi5 city, find also p'Iens or ve r-Joue churches,

- "-
presbyteries and schools for outports J and he a180 contributed frequently to
local and foreign pub lications . He wrote an "EccIeefaatdce I Hi et.or-y of Nevfound-,
lend" , and also a "Life of Bdebop Hullock" J a nd for the Royal Society of Canada ,
of which he 'Wa s a member-, he prep ared a pr:tp.,r annually on some subj ect of scientific
or hf eot.r-fca L interest. He 'Was a special friend of the "Nevfound'land
Quarterlyl' , a nd not an Ls sue for the past twelve ye ar s ha e appear-ed \Jithout an
articl e from hilll , on a most coapr-ebensdve and interesting subject.__"The Name Lore
of Nevfound Land'", This he had neer-Iy completed , a nd we hope to be able from his
notes and otherwise to round out the se r-Ie e ,
I n addftdon to all this, he found time to plrty biB part i n public a f f air s.
He vas possessed of an intensely ea rneet. pat.rd otdem, end took a n active ,dnt.e r -eat
in all pubUc questions, social, murd.c dpa L and co lonial. Of c ourse, not Al l of
the peop'Ie-c-even his own peopke-c-agreed ",ith him in regar d to t .he ee ..1ll8.tt e r~ , but ,
none , even t hose vho
held st.r-ong vdeve to the c ontrary, questioned the edncer-Lby
of his purpose or the zeal for the country' ~ interest vhdcb i nf luenced hi m.
Hi~ pa eefng 'Was mourned by the- publi.c_ee.nerall:I..~ t.h:at. o:f;_~ciJ.i~n---,-~~ 8« ..
l ike ",ill not soon be seen agadn ,
On the death of ArCh~is~~p Ho.. le.~, ~ ~~~ directi.~~ of. th~ 8.ff;t r~ of ..~~e ~r~~dioce;e
-"o'eve l oped upont~ 'Vi'~r-:Cen;;'; i~- m.. RRV. Her .. Roche , ~ Re ctor of ~t he :~
.•. .. ~
Cathedral here and the Administrator of the Ar-chdfocese under the l ate Ordinar y .

-_....-
111.Lld
IN MF.;·IORHH
!lIS GRACE ARCHBI SHOP I!OWLF,Y
"r'ling out the }

- 2 -
A ch i l d could see t.hee
A beggar- r e a ch thee 1n hie gr ift f ­
A s i nne r - while the "Right
Divine"
!,las t hine t o heal and gdve relief .
in i t s tears­
-0-
The Be l ls have toll'd a r equiem eed -,
Fon d hearts hav e eobb ! d ab ove
hte Bier-
He e'le ep e t .h i n a si mpl e gr-ave
Where t hose vh o l ove him br-ee t he a prayer . '
-0- -
.• ' " .t. ~
.", '.,::".-

III/Ib 'f
THE GR~ EN
P.ALF-DOQR
I n r e t .rospe c t don and \.11th affection
I
often think of the days of yore;
Thro'
darkling vd.ete e of t.hat . vanished hour;
Like per-den polished ,
su ppor-t-s her bro..,;
A slill' white finger beckons me to linger,
With what r-eeIf sm comes the vision nov t
With pu lses throbbing , one kiss I'm r obbing,
That st ar - l i t
night. at t he green ha l f ....doort
When i n BUmTJI"!r nightly, I carolled lightly,
And Y.£o.thle~n court ed at the green half-door .
--0-
Ah , me t I'm glancing, i n t hought ent.r-ancdng,
And Ket et s :'loft eye s beaming, to me a r e eeeeu.ng,
With the old l ove beaming, ot er- t hat green ha l f -door.
--0-
One shapely arm, a s cu f pt ur -ed charm,
--0-
Long her- fair face blithesCY'Ie , her f orm H'theeome,
Hat.h cee sed to linger an d R\.Ialt CIa thereI
For- 8 br-oken column st.ands "'hi t.e and eo 'le en
O' er r:t.y Keth'leen !« e sbe s at Be -Ive de r e t
--0--

-r 2 -
An astral I e dreaming, thro dr-aped \o1in

TilE FLAG OF r;r.:ov/FOmmJ..AND
The
Pink, the rose
Of Eng'Iand shows ,
The Green, St. Pet.r-Lck t s embIea bright
Whill"l in between
The
spot.Lees sheen
Of Andrew's c rOSB displays the White:
The n ha il the Pink
The Whit.. , the Green ,
Our patriot-flag, long mal it stand ,
Our
ai.reIande twine
Their embIeae trine
To form the I'Lag of Nevf ound 'land t
- -0--
Chorus
Fling ou t
the flee;
Pink, lihite end Gr e e n , so f air , M gr -and ,
Around the shores of Newfoun dland .
- -0-
Whlit e ' er betide
Our -v uc ean Br-fde''
Thut ne st.Iea ' mirl ~t Atltlntic's foam ,
still
far a nd wide
WeIII r-edse with price

- 2 -
Our Native F'Lag o'er hear-th And home.
Shou'Ld e I e r- the ha nd
I
Of Fute demand
Some fut ure
change in our career J
We ne 'er 'Will yield
On flood or f i eld J
The flag ve honor and revere .
--0--
Chorus
"Ekfng out the Pkag, etc.
" -

The Ne'" York Sunday " Sun" of November 30th . give s the follo",ing de ecrd .pt.Lcn
of the Sandy Hook Honaber-, a a related by eye ",itneR."!"ts, who ar-e all member-s
of a
Sand y Hook life sa v i ng crev s-,
Sa mue l Kittell ve e t he f i r st t o se e it. He says : 111 l ooke d out a nd RIl"" a
l a r ge hea d and porti ons of the bod y of 8 most terrible l ooking mons t e r . It vae
W i ggli ng 810\lly along like a snake , t he he ad and eever-e I port ions of the body
sh ovfng a bove ve ter-, It vee not 8 vba Le , as t .het-e \18 8 not mor e than twelve fe et
of ve t.e r wher-e i t ""3 8 , a nd a whale as Lar-ge as that would neces ear-Ll .y have been in
view all 'the time . But, thi s vouk d disappear a l t oget her a t intervals. The body
l ooked round an d much lar ger than a pork barrel. It wa s of a bla cld eh- br-cvn col or .
('.m sur-e it \l8S not ", vhale bu t ca nno t FoljY what i t W9.8. I t vas a at.r-enge r- t o a e'" ,
GC()J"ge Lohsen makes the f ollowing stetempnt : "I t.ook the g'Lasaee ann r an
~_ d O'm~_t~~ \later~~: and leveled t he els l'fEeS at the ncnebe r t e head , ThO) fron:,:tc-== = ",
of t oo he ed was sq uare , vt th Ii proj e ction a bou t, tva f eot l ong ex t l'; . l dir.~ fz-ora t he
top of the he a d . The eye ve e sev e n or eieht inches i~ diamete r , of 8 s hi ny black,
~~; tt ~d' jt.': "~PPf'J ~·~ ~d Lu·i~e d ::"~t c on ;i5~r!'ble ·-.- l her e "Looked "t o be A ··v~Ji - ·ri rl. .-" roJnc. -it .
Tl>e Ani ma l ' ~ Length va s at l ea st 300 fee t, fr o r~ t he hea d t o t.be tail , as seen by u e ,
not ma'ldne a l lowance for the cr-ook s in t he body'" ,
Henry Foster , a not her- of the cr-ew, !'lays : "I got up a nd Look ed ou t , en d S8W
the de vdLfebe ut. l ooting fi sh I ever put eyes on . I t "'8 S movi ng a l ong about a s fast
8 5 e ma n could va'lk, I t ook a pair of at z-ong gkaasee e nd followed it Rlone too
bea ch; It ve s not more thRn 300 yar-ds f rom t.he abcre , With the glR ~ Re r: the heed
Looked 60S lAre R as a ho gahead ,
The fr-ont . of th"!' hee d Looked squar-e an d was about.
t.hr -ee fe At hleh, with a pr-ojec t don bvo f e e t l ong ext. e ndlnr; fro:1l t he t op of its bee d ,
Th A, qya t.m/tt.r rJ.!'I t.he shore ve s e e l a r ge a5 the top of my hal, vas shiny black, a nd
~~';n) l "·NI/ tiLL !fll-P, ,v-e..», 1(,,1
t ·tl,--, ?k«-V!

- ? -
a nd bed 8 whi t e edge . It had 8 very fierce look . From t he heed to the tai l it
\1 3 5 at the 1e3.5t calculation 300 feet long . I t \18 moving along the ve ter- t .he 5 S&'lIB
as a n eel. The he a d a nd ae ve r -eI par-t-e of the body vere c onstantly out of t he
vat.er- , I t was some spec de e of ee r pen t , It W83 certainly not a vhaLe , This thing
did not spout, a nd showed no f i ns on Bny part of its body exc epting on the t 1l11,
whic h va s formed like t ha t of an eaP .
Well authenticut ed f a ct s now prove that nature produce s monst.er-e as wonderful
an d s t.a r -t.Lang as the most vivi d dmagtnat done of the r-oeancer- can invent. Victor
Hugol e devil fish has it~ counter-per-t. 1n t he great cepbaI oped which ve e for a l ong
time on exhi bition in t he New York Aqua rium.
The r e
i s no doubt., 1n my mind , t.hat, t he monster lately seen off Sandy Hook by
the crew of the lif e 5avi~ station va l'! no ot her than a I ar-ge ce phalopod . The se
animals often attain en or mous d im ~n si on ~ i s a \lell estebI f ebed fact, but that this
one \.Ia5 "thre e hundr-ed feet Long" if! scar-ce I y probable .
One seen in 'the ne fg bbor -hood of Van Dfenen I s LAnd is de scr -Ibed a s resembl ing
-~ 8.~ cask , i t s lo~ arms having the 8p~earance-of snakes vrTg ~ ling·ilp on - t'hA -::;u r fi!Ce--- -
of the veter , This creat ure , l'iay s Kent, ....as probab l y ll. I ar-ge pouk pe or octopus .
~ _I n Doc e,~be rr: .:891., the cre'J"of. t hP. -_E'l-ench cot-ve t .te A'lcc t.on , .s nee zed in battl.e ""ith
-~. a C ~l::~ Y-, ~:~se :~~~10:;::: ::~~r:.~t:;- l O be~w nty feet- i: in~th~ · ~~d ·i~~ ··.2~
ve dgh t. 4, 000 pounds . It e sceped , l eavi ng a portion of its flabby bod y i n the
poe seasdon of the br ave eec.Lor s , vb o were only restrained frotll follo....i ng it in
sme Lf boa t.e by the officer i n co-aaa nd , CHptaln Boyer .
Oct.obe r- 26th. , 1~3, t wo .fi shemen noticed off Great BeH Le I an d , Con ce ption
Bay , Nevf'ound Len d , wha t t.he y supposed to be EI large ba l e of go ode , from some vreck,
I t ....s!' not un t.il t.hey ac tually at.ruck i t vit .h R boat hook t.hat, thf-lY :>AV the terriblo
s tar- f ng p.:le~ of an im~~nr~ poulpe r t\JO of i t ~ nua er -cua ArlD l'I ver-e t .hrovn a cros s the

- 3 -
boat; one of the men severed 'these vdtb 8 hatchet--the creatur-e them moved off
backwards. The amputated firms left in the boat, were brought to St. John's. The
Rev . Hr . Harvey, who was the first to examine and describe these limbs , found that
one f'r-egmerrt measured nineteen feet, although a large portion of it had been destroyed
before it was r e s cued from the fishermen, and
there is no \Jay of detennini
og how muoh more r e maine d attached to the body of the animal.
Many ot her
'Well authenticated Lnatancea could be emimer-ated- bo prove the
immense growth of this family of marine monet.er-s, but those given are sufficient
to e st.ab.ldsb
the fact that these "monar-chs of the ocean" , as Kent calls t hem, do
exist, and
their main characteristic!'> are as Io'l.Lovs e-,
Lst , The body La large and r-ound , and described at' resemb'lfng soaetdmea a cask
Awl again a bale of goods .
Znd , The eyes are large and staring .
Jrd . The arms or tentacles are of great. Iengt.h, and have e snake-ddke appearance
and motion .
On compar-Ing 'these peculiarities with t.he -deect-Iptdone af t.he Sandy-Hook _-
leviathan , as obt.afned through the enterpr-tse
of the "Sun" from eye witnesses, the
dmilaritien, even to the expr-e sadons u sed , will be appar-ent ,
• .~ --' •. ..- . _ - -- ~ - . ----~.. -_.. - ." •• ~ . _ : ~.•_.., ...;.~ .~. :~ ~~~;:"":;';';:;:'- < - .-=-.-",-'
~: .;.;i:!,-t ve stsuppoeedtt.c 1?e the eer-pent.! s _t Ai l ,· cnn Ee r-eed i Ly BCCOU- ' -
nted for by the facts that. in eone cpecde s of the cepbnLopcd the longest tentacle
wi.dena and flat.tens at the end, and mfgbt. easily be nd et.eken for a caudal fin .
l-lhen moving through the water these animals bring their many arms together in 8 '
line , thus affording the least possible resistance , and propel t.hemseIvee by eject;
i ng cater- from
their siphons.
Imagdne one
of these horrible creatures, with itt: f,Ac":-li'ke body he Lf sub-,
mer-ged in t.ho nhoLl.ov va t.er-, Lt .e Ler-ge protruding eyes above the illlver: , evirm-dng

- 4 -
vdth it.s long enoke- Lf ke arms or t entacles trailing f'ar- behind , a nd you have a
very f air picture of t he 'Wonderful gigantic hydrophi dl a n or ma r-Ine
serpent of
vhfch "'6 have had such t hrilling ac count.sl

~

Iii ' f..!. 7)
GABor I SYk~YXl!1
.!.!U-§ RO~ll--9Q.thgJic
Nun)
The 'f,um'lle r
dawn vas beam.ing faint
O'er blue At lantic't' veve ,
Which fell and ripped ' ne a t h each breet.h
The soft J, ma zephyr' s z:r8ve .
-0-
Wi t h ~no" -\lhite sails a veeseI neared
A rueeeo, r-ock -bound shore ,
Whose fir-elad hills had
never caught
.A. 'Whiteman's gaze bef'or-e ,
- -0-
The
eyes of allan board vere turned
To vhe r-e an oceent e br i m,
Encircled by t he morning's mis t
The New- found -Land shoved di lTl .
" ,
And vluI e ea ch heart aLr-eudy spanned
The_.~:::th:s:t:.. l~y bt:t~n ;
The mist r ol l ed bactc ani!
summer- pla;.red
Lt.n l i ght upon the scene .
- -0- -
Bohind them epreede the boun d'le ns dee p ,
The eun Hgbt, epar-k'les o'er ;
Befor-e them hiy R
lund t.ha t yet,
ThA seeI of t:ature bore .
-0--
d lc OJl-U6

- ? -
It:'! m"1 ~sive cliff:'!, B \ll111 of s t one ,
A va ve - va ehe d r -amper-k :;tood ;
Its sunlit bdLl s far inland st.r-et.ched ,
Cr-owned \lith the firs dark wood .
-0- -
One moment- on that sleepy l an d,
One moment
the the f oyo ue s hout,
The fir,gt glad greetine to our land
.In ;oit~:-~Don felr:·
-~~
A er-ose the ve ter-e blue J
I n sil ent, breat hless rapture gazed
The wondering eager crew
- -0-
0 , Dona Vi sta \ rung ,
And broke t.he creamy cau t .het, 0 ' er
The morning f're sbnesn hun g ,
-0-
O ::J;!ono. :}11~ L ~-=:~ ~lm
To heoc116.0(1 , c l i f f an d dell }
-0-
The l ' j ppling vater-s cau ght, the et .r-a dn ,
I t e choed round the shore ,
And lin ~~red on the oliff:; whose br-ov
Tho vreat.h of su mmer- bore .
- -0-
And ~t i 11 t he C~pe t .he BloIY J

- 3 -
ReteIn those soft, eveet. eoubber-n vorde ,
Th'9Y c aught
t hat bright June day.
- -0-
Ye o,
ce n'turdes have passed evay,
Dear- Terra J~OV8t
now
The ha nd of Pr ogr-ee s 0 ' er- t.hee sveep,
I t s cha nges mark thy brow.
But still they Bun light
i s 8 5 br i ght,
- -0-
Thy sky 1:9 j U!lt 89 blue ;
Thy ve ve s AS c16.

.i
Iff. L{75
THE !..A1'r. Ca·{HAHDER rj.RVEY_E ~&
. !fur_B~§borti:'l ! i-1istoriopra.p~
One of the most remarkable aspects of t he pr-eee nt war in Europe
is the
attention that is being given to the British soldier:" and sed Lcr s , Al l the
comment of the foreign preee , except thf::l German , eu kogdaee the pr ide of race ,
gallantry end pluck of the Br-Ltd eh forces .
Even the Ger-man official report of the
l and and AeB fight1ne bea r t.e stdmony to the fighti ng sldll and pl uck of the
Eng'Idsb , The men a re a lwa ys alert , and absol ute l y and under a l l cdr-cuos 'ta n c e e
devoid of f ear . Where duty calls t.hen, the English forces will be f oun d prepared
to f i ght until the last. This glorious character 1s s har ed by t he whol e Br'Ltd eh
r-ace a nd it is sbovn by many gallant feats on
see and l and that Nevfcund'Iander-s
are as breve as any other sene of the Empdre , T h~ Ideut.-Gommander- Har-vey R.n . , of
H.I·l.S . Cressy , whi ch ioI8S destroye d in the North SeR by 8 German Submer-Ine, gave a
splendid example of the \Jay a Nevfound.Iender- ca n meet death.
The re vee a Lar-ger-
Loas of l i f e on thq Cressy than on her rd et.er- ships. This was due to the self_
sacrifice of the Cressy men . Lieut-Com. Har-vey wa s Authorized by",..!-he Captain to
~ ._ - ;J
get the boats 8\18Y to rescue the crews of other ships , and he per-aonaHy super-vLe-,
ed t .hi.e wor k . 'When the Cressy vas her -se 'lf at.ruck her boats ver-e all B'oIey . Lf eut-,
_ ~':I~ F~ r;ey r eZ!l.a ~ '3d s t hi~~ t. '.mtil ~=-f;.hi. p sa nk , wn&n p!,ec~ta ted intc ~ he
'Water he helped to cheer- t.hose about hf.m until his st.rengbh f~ti ed end he sank -t,o
8 sailor 1 ~ erave, in company 'With many other gallRnt British gent- Lemen vho will be
lon~ r-e member-ed 8S hevfng done their duty for England and I"Anfully died B~ their
pos t s . We 11 may t he poe t ~m y t o t heD:
"Your e ehee o t er- the Nor-th Sea t s 'oI~Ve3 Are sc etter-ed ,
But hold A fire more ho t than flesh of Ol.lrt'l ;
The stRinll;l~ : l f lag UV\t I'Iut.t.er-s , frayed and t.e t ter-ed ,
Shall 'oIRV"!, and veve , like Sprinr,:' e irnmort"tl I'Lover-s ,

- 2 -
"You die, but in your death life gr-o....s drrteneer-j
You shall not know the shame of growing old;
In endless joy you 'W8VA
the holy censer-,
And blow the trumpet, tho' your Idps Bra cold".
--0--
"Life ds to us a mist of imitations;
Death is 8. flood that ehove U~ where we trod ;
You, follo....ing nobly for the righteous nations ,
Reveal the unknown , the unhoped for, face of God" .
--0-
"After long toil your l abor s shall not perish;
Through grateful generations yet to C0.1I8 ,
Your ar-dent. ge atur-e , dying, love shall cherish,
As Ii ke a beacon you shall gnide ue home'",
- -0--
Li eut-Commander Bernard l>iatheson Harvey R.N . was born Rt llCln!~ac!1 J st . J ohn' 5 ,
NfLd , on the I~th . July, 1882, and was the youngest son , but one, ~f the late Hon,
A. v , Harvey, and brother of the Hon . John yarvey, of St. John1s:: Beine f ond of
.,,-- out~oor~~por£'8, "and hAvin7"n~ffab~ ' di ~~ o;i t i o n , he va s popul ·-..dth hitl ' ~ chool ~_ :-~~
- -- 't .:=- -~ , - -~~~
mates and acquaintances. There 1~ a tradition i n Europe thet Engiand's nava l and
military heroes are developed on EngliBh playing fieldf;.
Commander- Harvey' s oaree
r appear:'! to i ndi ca t e t.het, t he play- fields of Nevfound'Land can also deve dop
her-oes , The pr-esent, war pr-omdees to plainly show that . Young Bernard Har-vey
a t t e nded Ddehop F'i e Ld College , wher-e he w..." pr-epared for H.1-! .S . Britannia by Dr .
Lloyd. He passed direct into the Britannia. in 1896, and obtained hi s Nava l Cadeb-.
shfp in 189 8 . He served in H .J~ .S. F'Ior-a in South Amer-Lcanvat.er-s , Then he became

- 3 -
Sub -Lieutena nt in H.H .S . Charybodis during he r- comnus sdo n in t.evfoundkand under
Commodor e Nont.go met-y, H", va e promo ted :1 n 1903 to Lieutenant and commanded the
deet-r-oyer- Foy l e i n 1910 . The same year he mar ried Miss Wood, daughter of Sir
J osiah \1000 , Governor of r;ew Brunevkck;
He lost the sight of one ey e in 19l1 in
8 accident, but, notwithstanding that this ha ndicap vas to affect pr-oectdon , he
determined to hold to his profession . I n 1912 he WA S appointed t o H.i-i.S . C:-e~sy
with r an k of Ideut.-Oomdr ,
The Cre8SY ,
8 cruiser of 12,000 tons, sailed f r om Oba t ha ra, Eng land under
sealed crder-s , fully manned on August 5th. , 191 4, im:nediately upon the outbreak of
hostilit i es.
Ideut.cOonneander- Harvey was second in coamand of he r , as \lell as
filling the offices of ce nsor, :lignal officer And wirel e s s officer . Uncea sing
vi gila nce ve s obser-ved on b oa r d. From duek t ill dawn no light showed cut.edde t he
s hkp , the decks being kep t in ebeo'lut.e dar-kne ea , Eve ry gun and all eee r -chkf ght. s
c e r -e kep t
ready to turn on torpedo cr a ft. Machine guns and r ifle s e I vaye prepared
for use at R m.oment's not i ce, U:.e former- for t.crpedo and aerial cr-af't , and the
emaHer- gun:'! for aubaar-fnes , tinder dat,e of Sept. 7t h., i n one orh!:!! Lest. Le t .t.er-e
home he wr ot e : lIWe non I t suspect i n t hi s ship t o ge t int o the f i nal mie;hty battle ,
but ve shant t, be very i ar be hind and ve expect, to get ~ome :lcr:tp~ng in eoae vhez-e'' •__~_
--~ - --,>------ - - --T-- ~--~
On the morning of the 22nd . September , the 't hr-ee cruisers Aboukir , Hogue end Cre3:"1Y=~~
being together , the fir:ot name d ve e observed by her sd st.er- ships to have r e ceived
a blow either f rom fl. mine or torpedo. I t ""90S t.hought. to be a mine ;: but I\~ t he
Hogue .... ~Hl seen to ha ve been struck alm ost immediatel y a f terwa rds , the Cr -easy
r ec ognized t he pre se nce of eubmar-Inen , Her boa t s were scrrt off to r e scue t he
Aboukir l 8 cr-w, The subaar-fne vas seen end f i r ed at by the Cr-easy and thou,:ht to
have been hit, but two t.cr-pedoes st.r-uck the Crqr,~y, a.nd she did not l8~t long . All

that 1s known definitely about
- A-
I deub-Gommender- Harvey if! that he was on deck
vhen the Aboukir va a struck and i Tll1nedi at el y t ook char-ge of get.tdng the Cre ssy' 8
b oats 8vay. He etc-fpped with the other officers and men as the ship ve rrt dovn ,
Thu~ perished a brave Brit ish Sa i l or and a noble Newfoundlan der doi ng duty for
hi:,: coun t r y i n a splendid cause.

NARRO'J F:SCI..Pi" FRa-l HUN SUBHARWE
J
IlI .tltl!
II Ci!
SUlPlF. STORY SKr,'TGII'1l BY STf:.'.RD S,FEllAli OF IIARllOR GRAGS
(By J ohn 0he e ha!1 of Harb9r Gr p.ce)
On the 5t h . of October, 1917, I shipped as steward on t he trim s ch ooner
Hilda R ~ , 100 t on s burden , of Hr . Cr ee", 11 .F . , f or a voyage to a Hediterranean
port or ports, an d be ck t .o Hr . Cr ace . Tho Hilda R. v al'! owed by Heaer-e , R. D.
HeRae e: Sons , who s hippe d he r ca rgo of '.000 qt.Ls , of codfish. I vas not "ekeer -ed"
at the r i s ks, although 1 vae on t he echr , Jame e D. Cook of St . John 1~ , Cept. ,
Snelgr ove , las t summer-, when ~h.., was sen t t o the bot tom by 8 t orpedo f r Ol'll A.
German subma r i ne . On t hat occe sdon the Hun eav e us 8 cha nce t o ge t off J and ou r
schoone r- ven t dovn 7 5 miles S .E . of Gibraltar . tJages were high , and I aga in
dec ided to ag a i n tempt fortune a nd the eneay subma r i ne s ,
The crew of the Hilda R. ",e r e:-Willhu~ Yetman of Hr . Gr-ece , master, William
Swa ney of Orkn ey Ls I en ds , mate , Ohr-Let.opher- Mi l ton of Dublin, Irelan d , Rober t
Sheppar-d of Perth , Scotland , and Clifford Bdcha r-d of Gue rnsey , se ama n , and my s e l f
the s'tevar-d ,
..
The Hi lda R. \la~ R La t h ....e N.S . buil t schooner- of eb ou t l OO ·1t on ~, t hree e aated ,
an d AS tri m a craft ar: ev er eafLed t.he SeV8:l. See s , As a ea i Lor- she wa s well kn ovn ,
8.~!!Iit t~d to be one of tl~{'l: SlHrt~~t ~a iling veeseLs in the t.r-ede Ji t.ht- I sland . H~ "'~__~
se avo r -thdnesa W8 :'! of thn ::tI:Be order- a e ber- sailing c ap e c d.t.y, .;:
We :"811 ed out of Har-bor- Grace on the 15th., in good
hopen of mRking 8 s pe edy
lind safe run 8CrO~:!I, a nd 8 t i mely r eturn hoae , We had f'avor-ab'le vdnd and ..ve at.herfrom
the start a nd held the U.E. ....In ds up t he 27th. Oct-ober-ct.he
schooner running
her course and making good time , giving U:5 every pr-ospect, of a quick trip to
Gi braltar wher-e Ye were to call f or order s . For t .he next f p.\l da ys ve had a Lagh t,
eout.ber-I y vfnd , and the me st.e r -, lin old a nd ex per-Ienced ha nd in the }.~edlterr8nean ,

- 2 _
r an to the tror-t.h eo 85 to reap the benefdt of t.he taIE win(l:\ from the Spam.eh
coa st, an d hav e e't Iong lee" do wn to t he shor-e t o Gi braltar. The next day and up
the 5th. of November we had NIlE winds, and the s c hoone r seemed to be dn uni. ecn
\lith us to get to our por t . I could form no Lde e of our exa ct posf.tdon, hut f r oll
experie nce I judged that ve were well in t.ova r'de the di viding Lf ne beb veen Por tugal
and Spain. The morning of the 5th. broke ckear- and f av or able f or us . We wer e all
in good sp i rits- t wenty days f rom l a nd to land , t he ca pt ain 8 good a nd con edder-ate
me et.e r -, t he cr-ev ha ppy find agreeable, all in good health, an d t he happy e s ca pe
from a n enemy to that time vou'ld permit any cr-ev t o indul~e in the I'ond e st, hope s .
But on the se e , A S Wl;'Il aa on t he l an d, t he be st, lai d plan s of raan go ba d , and
t he brightest outl ook it; soon marred and dest.r-oyed by t he untov ar-d a nd unseen
developments of ne tur-eI an d unnet ur-aL a gencies . Our br-Lghteet. hopes ver -e doomed ,
a nd in a f ew mi nutes Al l our expectations ve re shet ter-ed to t he f our win ds of
heaven , by the vor-et, enemy that could Rppp.3r and vhdch ve e t.hen furthest froo our
mln d ~ . For, about 'tvo miles to the South of us appeared th". ominous sight of a
submar-Ine • 'Iber -e-loi3 ~ "not , ce-vcouId t{~~~ ny r:ll.!ltak--e-:-in h-~ ;la :: .:t ,._ but,;- whether
friend or f oe ve coul d not tell. We ve r-e not I ong in doubt . Wit hout any ceremony,
t he euoma r-In e ~~~n t.o shell our schooner, shot after s hot p i tc~~nr. about her . The
- • . __ ""-- "-- __"_. .., : . 'a-."." . " _ . ~"'-
Hun:-; at, the :,;uns could not-:O:;: CQl!pliltftiltoo ' 00'
• ~ - .
t.he i r- .:sidll-their r ()I)t!ne ve a as
- -
bad as t heir menners , One of t he firl'lt sheLl.e blew our- hee d sails i nto rfbbcne ,
an d t he shells wer e falling ever- and short o f us .
The su bn ar-f ne vas dr-avfng up to ue , evidently to mAk~ sure of our destruction,
a nd t o ee ve thei r ebame fit wasting :'10 much f\:ll."llUnition for t he sa ke .of one ~ mall
ec hoo ner- , Then the aill got bet.ter- And condt.t.Lone be-cane hot.t.er- f or us . The capta.in
gave us or-der-s to put the boat, on the r -edL, He \o1A ~ nt t.be v bee I t rying to shov t hc

- 3 -
submarine the boe Le of our- schooner, and
mencuevr-ed her to show her stern to the
eubaar-dne , and so present. as sma'H a t.at-get. as poaafb.Ie to the gunner-s of the Buns ,
The Hilda ....as eetting along fairly smart, and t.o put 8 boat overboard vhfLe she va s
going fast 'Was to court ddeaeter- , The schooner's '.lay decrea sed a Lf.t.t.le , find the
mate, who ....a e standing by the boat, gave the vord to lower avay,
into the water, and Sheppard, Hitten and myself jumped into her.
The beat, vas put.
Her patrrter- was
raet., end the speed ....ae too great to eecape swamping. She filled and -t ur ned turtle,
throwing us in the water. Then us found our-seIvee cIear- of the ecbooner- and the
vat.er- around the upturned boat. Sheppard and I were able to swim, but Bitten ve e
helpless. We got hold of our ehdpmat.e and made for the boat . The schooner had
now gone
We he Id
out of s i.ght-dhe smoke making vfsd on impoMible for any great distance.
on to the keel of the boat, hoping t.he t we would be able to get her rie;ht
side up, but the lop was too gr eat. , The boat, WM'1 a tank or life-boat, end so
floated hi.gb in the water . For two And a ha Lf bour-n , 'W~ held on to the kee L, 'tIe
were tired, but never a vord vac :':"li(l About eiving up. P.y churao were p.lucky, gr-f-,
tty men, and I f.allowed t~1.r Lead cn holding on . The sulY.l1arine..ll.'appeared on the
scene about. 9 :30 A.H. , and as fur as I could reckon the time was noon when the
wind moderated a Iit.t.Le , ~hile we vere on the bottom of the boa~ , boldine to her
- - keel,- the \lav&-s were -t oO?lln-g ov-; r- ue--i;;"-:;i.y eLl. the tinre; ft;10 -ti~ ~hjected U~ ~~
. , '-~~
to increased exertion-the beating of the water on us and t he str~in of watching
for the heavy waves tired us more than the mere holding on .
Somewhere about t.vo
o'clock the wind died out and the water became emoot.h , We rested a little time ,
and actdng t.oget.her-, we "jollied:' the boat, And she came over- on her keel . We
followed her 8:0; she turned, And t.brev our-seIvee into hor ,
My chums had kicked off t.hef r- long boot.n while in t.be water, but I he Id on to
t.he long r-ubber-s I hac'! on . Two of us u eed a boot each i n batIdng .....hi Le t.he third
in turn kept the boat. heed to the long Lapn 8:'1 Lhey CI"Wle rolling eIong , Sever-a I

- 4 -
ti'll6!'1 we bad the vet.er- dovn to the tenke, vhe n a Lar-ger- roller than ueueL voujd
topple inlo the host and refill her-, w~ 'kept on undaunted, and determined to
fight. f or our Rarely to the end . We kept ba i l ing , a nd a t La eb overcame t he va t.era
nd had t he boat free. We ver-e thir="ty, and vcu.Id have given one month' 5 pay for
a good drink of vater I but ve had not a drop. The boat, had been replenished a re v
deye be fore 'that, t i ~ 1" with El keg of f r e eh 'Witter, a provision that had been made
r egular l y , but the 1(eg had not been Laehed to the boat, and vben the boat turned
over it f loated 8\o1aY . There was a eupp'Iy of food in the locker of the boat ,
mOdU y canned goods , such 8S meat , pork a nd beans , e t c , , but we feared t o t ouch
them as the eatdng ve e apt to create thirst. 'We kne w thllt if exposed to the hot
sun for a couple of daye , our greatest. danger- lay in thirst, and so we avoided all
posefb.le r-Lsk frorn t.hat cauee , Two roved and one ebeer-ed , the boot b..d ng a squa r -e
stern one . The boat's conpaa 'Was found in the locker, And this gave us r-eneved
hope , ae lie 'Wer e confddent, th!!.t we v ou.ld mal{e ~O!lll~ Land by its u se , We r -oved and
when nieht fe ll, the coolness vas mont ref'r-eshdng , We felt sur-e now t ha t we would
aeke the land and E'A:fety ..- w.-r p1t "lsen B!'t Ls 'Iend , lind sbout 1 :30 A?-r.., on the 6th ..
November- , we struck t he ehor-e , end glacUy we hauled t he boat on the s t r and . We
at vr-ted walking, and for a n hour ve kept on , cor-esdng the neck of' Lend , On t ho
sh,,~"'!;e c= u;-lJ:-th a :N-·:'~-:'8~d • b:;~h" · ver e ~ lm- rin~ ;he~~ or- ·~h"11-n-"h;~
We made afgne to 'the men , and he understood apparently who 'We ve re , He took us i n
his boa t , And covere d u e with a tarpaulin i n t he stern . We wer e econ asleep. When
we voke we found we ver-e near a village , the name of whi ch \lS S Fa r-ok , near Ce pe St .
MAry' e , on t.he border line of Por-tuga I and Spain . The carboneri t ook ue i n charge ,
a nd placed ue in t heir station . Yo wer e given some f ood end br-andy, a nd then lay
dovn for 8 r-e et , I t vaa 3 :.30 A.!-!. then . Next, mornjm~ \10 ve nt, t o the conr.ul....slgent ,

- 5 -
and he Eave us soee clothing, and 8. train ticket for Iaebon , vber-e ve arrived in
good time .
Fron Lisbon we took paeaage on a eteaeer- for Liverpool. There I took leave
of my cburas , All were off to hoae, and I felt vhen I parted with t.hea that I had
parted with brothers . They vere brave men, and to their pluck and endurance I
partly owe my life .
At Liverpool, I W8~ given a ticket for st. John, N.R., and came out on the
R.M.S . Grampian, in co-apeny with ecc e R.N . Reeervea end eokdder-a-eoee of whoi'll were
coedng to Harbor Grace and with vhoa I ""as well acquadnt.ed , The only incident of
unueuaL occur-r-ence on the trip out vas the rescuing of a cr ew f rOB 8 ~ lnki.ne
schooner,
the master of vhfch vas James Eartlett, for:r.erly of st . John's.
Fz-oe the time that we lost ~ight of our schooner- in the smoke o~ the gunfire,
I hear-d nothine of t.he C&.ptain and th~ t v a men \01'0 left on her- , On Tue sdey
hu·;t, 'When tit Sydney, I heard that Capt. Yetean had passed 'thr-ough t.bere on hi:'!
way home eoee two or three days previously. When I eot home on Sl'1turd~y , Capt, ,
y.,t~8n 'W~ i'! one of t.he fi r ~t to f;rR~p ay lVnd 'When r Iended f ron.,_the train . Y~ -
may b"'l sure I va s p'Ieesed to aeet, him , and to Iearn per-tdcukar-e of hil'> escape .
I W'lS more them sorry t o hp:~r of the ~ath: of 'the mate ,
good, man , one who was
ever kind and considerat e .
I eh ou Ld like to add Q wor d i n pt-adse of Captain Yetman . He 'W3:'1 moat, cer-efuL
of bis men, And 'took all the precautd on he could to safe-cuard them in ev~ry \oI8.y ..
His kfndnese to !ll'J', and in fa ct to all hi~ men, mark hfm a s Ii aen to be t.ruated
&:0; equal a ny emergency, be it I'r-ors th~ Huns or the dangers of the eea , M":Hlrs .
McRae treated me well, FInd I hav e to expreea my sincere t.henkfu'Ineee to thelll for
t.he f r- kfndnes e and conedder-at.Lcn , 'The people of Fnr-ok and Lisbon t.rented us kindly,
and ver-e most munpathetic vhen they kncv hov, end by vhe t CI:UM we Cl'1JIf"I t.o tbei .rehor-ee
,

- 6 -
And 50 ends my et.oz-y of the Laab trip of the good schooner- Hilda R. and my
e scape I'r-oa the German eubnardne ,

uCcE3SF1!I, ~NJ!!J.!&
Glady s Youn g 'Wa s fond of fi shin e ~
So she I'Lshed f r om 1I,0r n till ni ght ;:
But to t~ll t he truth about i t,
Ghdy:"l never had a bi te .
- -0--
Hat Rltlry end cheeks 1ik" r-ose e ,
Empty ba eke t on he r a rm,
Toln 'the
e i ggling La d a and La eee s r
G'Iadye
bkurbe d r "I caught, but one f'Lsh,
And he ! p. climbing up t hl! hill" .
I:0 ve e f i she ~ came t o harm .
--0-
"t1here' a your fish'?" t.hey cr ied i n ch or-ue ,
" Lovely day"? end at.r-ean so ~ti 11lt .
--0-
J A,.{\.IlOUcl{JtL[. }U iA ~I.H t~ (UplA () ~
t:~ PA I!V-

~ Hll"lotrlOe: r'3.PMr}
A defective f'Lue hed
br-ought; the Fire Department to Hater Street.
The ne .... bright red motor appar-e t.us had come r-uehdng f roT::l the Fire Hall.
Presently a 'Wor n-out old hook and
ladder truck, drawn by horses , appeared on
the scene ..
I t carried j ust the ladder the firemen ne e de d to reach the Fire ..
The cr-owd t.hat, gathered sentLed at the pf.cbure , The old horses seemed to
Know t.hey were playing an
important part even in the presence of their enemy-the
motor appar-at.ue ,
It was a picture of changing t l me ~ -th ~ bright r ed mot.or- machine turned aWRy
Leavdng t he horses and the old hook and l a dder to finish the job.
Somehov t.he cr-owd moved t.ovar-ds the horses , and one by one , men and women an ti
children paused to ebr-oke the manes or pat the nose s of the faithful old beasts.
Somehow the hor-se e seemed to know and under stand, and held up t he~r heads wi t h
pr-fde-ctbe r i va l had retired and left the fir;ht to them.
II Stil_~:-g~_~~,:.._i ~bll , they__ ,:",~~~~j =~?-= _~_s y !-= ~ ~-.: _~~_': :.