- Page 2: Introduction to Paleobiology and th
- Page 6: Introduction to Paleobiology and th
- Page 14: Full contents Preface xi 1 Paleonto
- Page 18: FULL CONTENTS ix 12 Spiralians 1: l
- Page 22: Preface The history of life is docu
- Page 26: Chapter 1 Paleontology as a science
- Page 30: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 3 any mod
- Page 34: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 5 to disp
- Page 38: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 7 Box 1.1
- Page 42: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 9 monplac
- Page 46: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 11 ·LAMI
- Page 50: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 13 debate
- Page 54: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 15 simple
- Page 58: PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 17 Animal
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PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 19 (a) (b
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PALEONTOLOGY AS A SCIENCE 21 Hammer
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 23 The Ea
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 25 tions
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 27 strata
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 29 Box 2.
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 31 Sectio
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 33 3 boun
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 35 Global
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(a) MRS SU MFS DS HST GS TST LST De
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 39 m 100
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 41 from o
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 43 may be
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 45 Box 2.
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 47 Kalaha
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 49 J J Cr
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 51 400 Nu
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 53 Trondh
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FOSSILS IN TIME AND SPACE 55 Review
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Chapter 3 Taphonomy and the quality
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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peat TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF T
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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TAPHONOMY AND THE QUALITY OF THE FO
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Chapter 4 Paleoecology and paleocli
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 81 e
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 83 0
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 85 B
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 87 l
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1 2 3 4 5 Herbivores Deposit feeder
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 91 (
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 93 c
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 95 B
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 97 B
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 99 (
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 101
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 103
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 105
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 107
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 109
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 111
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 113
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PALEOECOLOGY AND PALEOCLIMATES 115
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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MACROEVOLUTION AND THE TREE OF LIFE
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Chapter 6 Fossil form and function
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 139 Box 6.
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(a) (b) 1 cm Figure 6.2 Sexual dimo
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 143 Box 6.
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 145 passes
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 147 Late S
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 149 Stylop
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 151 the bo
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 153 0 Wind
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 155 the kn
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{ FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 157 stan
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 159 (a) (b
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FOSSIL FORM AND FUNCTION 161 Shubin
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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MASS EXTINCTIONS AND BIODIVERSITY L
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Chapter 8 The origin of life Key po
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 185 membrane pri
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 187 protocell re
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 189 then from th
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 191 Bacteria Arc
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 193 Brasier and
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 195 (a) (b) Figu
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 197 (Fig. 8.11a)
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 199 Nucleus (n)
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 201 250 μm 25
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THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 203 Ciccarelli,
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PROTISTS 205 The world of microbes
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Ichthyospores PROTISTS 207 Plantae
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PROTISTS 209 Foraminifera Foraminif
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PROTISTS 211 spectrum of shapes, fr
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1.1 1.3 1.1 PROTISTS 213 Box 9.3 Mo
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PROTISTS 215 Allogromia R freshwate
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PROTISTS 217 Box 9.5 Classification
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Figure 9.11 Haeckel’s radiolarian
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PROTISTS 221 Netromorphs • Elonga
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PROTISTS 223 epitheca apex or anter
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PROTISTS 225 (c) (a) (b) (d) (e) (f
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PROTISTS 227 Box 9.10 Atomic force
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PROTISTS 229 epicingulum hypocingul
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PROTISTS 231 aperture recessed oper
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PROTISTS 233 tively late in the geo
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 235 ORIGINS
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 237 suggest
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 239 Neoprot
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 241 and res
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 243 Ma 500
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 245 Ediacar
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 247 Figure
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 249 walled
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 251 METAZOA
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 253 Recent
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 255 Box 10.
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 257 The rib
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ORIGIN OF THE METAZOANS 259 Ordovic
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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THE BASAL METAZOANS: SPONGES AND CO
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Chapter 12 Spiralians 1: lophophora
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 299 lin
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 301 cha
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 303 PAL
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 305 “
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 307 (a)
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 309 num
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 311 Lin
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 313 the
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 315 lop
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 317 Box
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 319 Pal
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 321 0.0
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 323 Loc
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SPIRALIANS 1: LOPHOPHORATES 325 Eas
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 327 This fam
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 329 Class SC
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 331 Box 13.3
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 333 expansio
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 335 cardinal
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 337 prismato
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 339 Seawater
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 341 penis ma
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 343 (a) (b)
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 345 siphuncl
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 347 dorsal i
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 351 Box 13.7
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 353 ally arr
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 355 shelf po
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 357 shell ap
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SPIRALIANS 2: MOLLUSKS 359 to recov
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Chapter 14 Ecdysozoa: arthropods Ke
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 363 Box 14.1
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 365 (a) (b) (
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 367 doublure.
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 369 protaspid
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 371 (a) (b) (
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 373 pelagic f
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 375 FAW PGW O
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 377 (a) (b) (
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 379 Box 14.5
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 381 Number of
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 383 (b) (a) (
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 385 Articulat
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ECDYSOZOA: ARTHROPODS 387 The Late
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Chapter 15 Deuterostomes: echinoder
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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(a) (b) (d) (c) (e) Figure 15.5 Som
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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DEUTEROSTOMES: ECHINODERMS AND HEMI
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Chapter 16 Fishes and basal tetrapo
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 429 grow
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 431 Box
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 433 (c)
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 435 Solv
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 437 Numb
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 439 Box
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 441 Box
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 443 eart
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 445 250
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 447 Quat
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large orbit (a) 5 mm (b) 20 mm toot
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FISHES AND BASAL TETRAPODS 451 Dino
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Chapter 17 Dinosaurs and mammals Ke
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 455 (a) (c) (
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 457 (a) (b) F
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 459 (a) 30,00
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 461 Box 17.2
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 463 Box 17.3
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 465 Box 17.5
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 467 Box 17.6
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elongate humerus fused radius and u
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names Archonta and Glires, and it m
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 473 Gorillas,
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 475 50 mm (a)
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DINOSAURS AND MAMMALS 477 Neanderta
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Chapter 18 Fossil plants Key points
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FOSSIL PLANTS 481 (a) (c) 0.1 mm ca
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FOSSIL PLANTS 483 Figure 18.3 Sporo
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FOSSIL PLANTS 485 Box 18.2 Classifi
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FOSSIL PLANTS 487 spores 2n 2n n n
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FOSSIL PLANTS 489 The giant lycopsi
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FOSSIL PLANTS 491 Lepidostrobophyll
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FOSSIL PLANTS 493 warmth. Hence see
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FOSSIL PLANTS 495 Botanical classif
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FOSSIL PLANTS 497 (a) (b) (c) (d) (
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FOSSIL PLANTS 499 Box 18.5 Reconstr
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FOSSIL PLANTS 501 (a) (c) (b) top o
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FOSSIL PLANTS 503 living gnetalean
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FOSSIL PLANTS 505 40 Number of angi
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FOSSIL PLANTS 507 ture change in No
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Chapter 19 Trace fossils Key points
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TRACE FOSSILS 511 Box 19.1 Jumping
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TRACE FOSSILS 513 (a) (c) (a) (b) (
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TRACE FOSSILS 515 (a) (b) (c) (d) p
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TRACE FOSSILS 517 Figure 19.8 Trace
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TRACE FOSSILS 519 1 2 3 (a) 4 Figur
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TRACE FOSSILS 521 FL SL SL FL Figur
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TRACE FOSSILS 523 Box 19.6 The nine
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TRACE FOSSILS 525 3 2 2 3 4 5 1 2 3
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TRACE FOSSILS 527 and traces are lo
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TRACE FOSSILS 529 There is rare evi
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TRACE FOSSILS 531 • Colonization
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Chapter 20 Diversification of life
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 535 Box 20.
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 537 because
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CAMBRIAN FAUNA 1. Trilobita 2. Inar
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 541 models
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Time (Ma) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 545 major s
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 547 Time (M
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 549 communi
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 551 sized p
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DIVERSIFICATION OF LIFE 553 Maynard
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GLOSSARY 555 analog a feature of tw
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GLOSSARY 557 cellulose a carbohydra
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GLOSSARY 559 dibranchiate “two-ar
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GLOSSARY 561 biomass of primary pro
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GLOSSARY 563 intelligent design (ID
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GLOSSARY 565 teeth, cheek teeth, in
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GLOSSARY 567 peristome “around mo
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GLOSSARY 569 rhizome “root”; an
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GLOSSARY 571 taxon a group of organ
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Appendix 1 Stratigraphic chart
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Appendix 2 Paleogeographic maps 30
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apomorphies 130, 132 Appalachian-Ca
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evolution 357 life attitude 352, 35
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iotic replacements 545-6 competitiv
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fossil assemblages 26 associations
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Late Cambrian extinction event 178
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“great oxygenation event” 189-9
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classification 211, 214, 217 evolut
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swimming structures 130 symbiosis 9