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Title Increased serum levels of a proliferation-inducing ligand in ...

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PharM<strong>in</strong>gen, San Diego, CA) at predeterm<strong>in</strong>ed optimal concentration (20m<strong>in</strong>, 37˚C).<br />

The autoantibody titer at which IgG deposition to the <strong>in</strong>tracellular space or BMZ was<br />

demonstrated, was depicted as <strong>in</strong>direct immun<strong>of</strong>luorescence dilution <strong>in</strong>dex.<br />

Statistical analyses<br />

Statistical analyses <strong>of</strong> <strong>serum</strong> APRIL <strong>levels</strong> among the three groups were performed<br />

us<strong>in</strong>g Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis <strong>of</strong> variance (ANOVA) and then Dunn’s test was<br />

applied because the data <strong>of</strong> BP patients’ <strong>serum</strong> APRIL <strong>levels</strong> were not strictly normally<br />

distributed. Correlations between <strong>serum</strong> APRIL and <strong>serum</strong> autoantibody titers, blood<br />

eos<strong>in</strong>ophil number, <strong>serum</strong> LDH level, <strong>serum</strong> IgE level, <strong>serum</strong> IgA level, <strong>serum</strong> BAFF<br />

<strong>levels</strong>, disease duration, <strong>in</strong>direct immun<strong>of</strong>luorescence dilution <strong>in</strong>dex, and extent <strong>of</strong> sk<strong>in</strong><br />

lesion, that is, the extent <strong>of</strong> sk<strong>in</strong> blister<strong>in</strong>g, erosive, or erythematous lesion (which was<br />

decided <strong>in</strong> a bl<strong>in</strong>ded way), were analyzed with Spearman’s correlation coefficient by<br />

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