REDUCTION OF FLOOD RISK IN ULAANBAATAR CITY - GFDRR

REDUCTION OF FLOOD RISK IN
ULAANBAATAR CITY
• Ministry of Construction and Urban Development
• Emergency Management Department of Municipality
of Ulaanbaatar City
• Engineering Infrastructure department of Municipality
of Ulaanbaatar City
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CONTENTS
General information about Ulaanbaatar city
Information about flood risk
Challenges
Evaluation of flood risk in Ulaanbaatar
Existing status of flood protection facilities
Utilization and reconstruction of infrastructure for flood
protection
Trainings and rehearsals
Further actions for the nearest future

General information about
Ulaanbaatar city

• The territory of Ulaanbaatar city is 0.3% and its
urban settlement is 40% of whole population.
• 162 residents inhabit for per km of the capital city
territory,
• 2011 the number of residents became 247 and
the population density has been increased about
12%.
• Disaster types :
‣Flash floods
‣Earthquake
‣Forest and building fire.

Expansion of “GER” area
‣ Increased resettlements in ger area
‣ Unplanned structure
‣ Expansion of territory increased two times
‣ 9752.0 hectare which territory is 59.2

THE HOUSEHOLDS WHO HAVE SETTLED IN THE AREA OF FLOOD RISK
410
households
420
households
467
households
755 households
13
households
208
households
2260 households of 6 districts.
We have sent warnings, remarks and
announcement to 1912 households in 2012.
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•Population density, inferior buildings and
structures cause the danger of
earthquake.
‣ Area 25% - a 6.0 on the Richter scale
‣ Area 52% - a 7.0 on the Richter scale
‣ Area 23% - an 8.0 on the Richter scale.

Challenges

Challenges
Challenges and lacks about decreasing danger of a disaster and
adjusting to climate change:
‣ Legal system
‣ Structure of urban planning system
‣ Cohesion and regulation between related ministries and institutions
‣ Source of finance and budget
‣ Measuring and controlling of disaster risk
‣ Educational system, trainings and advertisements

The condition of flood risk and affecting factors
• Floods in 1778, 1915, 1966, 1982, 2000, 2003, 2004.
• 14 times of thunderstorms and downhill floods - death of 15 people.
• Reasons of increasing the risk of flood:
‣ The frequency of risk of flood
‣ Climate change
‣ Environmental pollution
‣ Rise of the population in the area of
ecosystem
‣ Centralization and urbanization
‣ Inadequacy of the structure of flood
protection and associated system
5/25/2013 10

Evaluation of flood risk
in Ulaanbaatar

56km of dams, 36km of canals, 77km canals of rainrunoff,
1 pump station, 11km canals for ground-water
runoff.
Bayanazurh district flooded
zone - 67% of emergency calls
Downhill floods caused the death of 15 people and 1.679
billion tugriks in damage. The dates are: 2003.07.18,
2005.07.29, 2006.07.07, 2008.06.29, 2009.07.17,
2009.07.21.
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The number of households who settled in
the flood risk zones (by districts)
Налайх
Сүхбаатар
Чингэлтэй
Сонгинохайрхан
Хан-Уул
Багануур
Багахангай
Баянзүрх
Баянгол
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Evaluation of flood risk where population may experience
the danger in Ulaanbaatar
Name of districts
Population
of districts
Level of
danger 1]
(HR)
Evaluation of territory
Sensitivity
of territory
(AV)
% of
population
%
sensitivity
of
population
(PV)
Evaluation of flood risk
Possibility
of damage
to people
Possibility
of death
Khan-Uul 112055 1.24 6 0.07 0.10 1 х10 -3 4 х10 -4
Bayangol 185104 1.33 6 0.08 0.15 2 х10 -2 6 х10 -4
Chingeltei 147438 1.34 6 0.08 0.63 1 х10 -2 3 х10 -3
Songinokhairkhan 252264 1.43 6 0.09 0.06 9 х10 -2 3 х10 -4
Suhbaatar 136917 1.21 6 0.07 0.13 2 х10 -2 4 х10 -4
Bayanzurh 265997 1.35 6 0.08 0.12 2 х10 -2 5 х10 -4
The number of
population and
evaluation
average of 6
districts
1099775 1.32 6 0.07 0.19 3 x 10 -2 8 x 10 -4
[1]
average which matrices of danger may occur to people, by determining the deepness and speed of flood.
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Picture of flood risk, which
population density settled in
the flood risk zones by
khoroo. (scale 1:200000)
Picture of flood risk by
districts (scale 1:380000)
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80 thousands of urban
population’s living standard
may disturb due to danger
of flood.

Possibilities of urban population:
‣Damage: 2 х 10 -2 , which is 200 people
‣ Death: 7 x 10 -4 , which is 10 people
Ice cover created on the flood protection channel and surrounding areas.

After flood

Evaluation of flood risk in Ulaanbaatar
Embankment in river Tuul
Flood protection in Chingeltei
• The hot spots: Tuul, Selbe, Uliastai
• Rivers, coulees and water stream: Tolgoit, Bayangol
• Mobility of migration in peri-urban ger area causes the
danger of flood risk.
Flood protection in Denjyn 1000
Earth embankment/dyke in Western Naran

Existing status of flood
protection facilities

General Scheme of UB City Flood Protection
Facilities

Planning draft of infrastructure for flood
protection of Ulaanbaatar

• Existing status of Denjyn 1000
flood protection facilities
• Concrete slabs of the channel are
damaged and washed off by flood

Utilization and reconstruction
of infrastructure for flood
protection

• Flood protection facilities have been constructed in
Ulaanbaatar city since 1960s. Since then a total of
more than 130km flood protection facilities of various
design have been constructed during different
timeframes.
No. Design / structure of Flood protection Facilities Length , km
1 Concrete channels 47,8 km
2 Earth channels 9,8 km
3 Stone (finishing) channels 3,5 km
4 Embankments and protection facilities in river Tuul, Selbe
and Dund
64 km

Utilization and reconstruction of infrastructure for
flood protection of Ulaanbaatar
• Flood dam and Public engineering construction system has been built
since 1960
• 70 % of flood protection dam were obsoleted
• Due to increasing of population and resettlement, the MUB is
reconstructing flood dam and establishing new flood construction
• The country, from year of 1990 to present time, with low capabilities of
the country and economy, has not invested in protected infrastructure for
flood risk.

Local households
constructed a channel and
embankment to prevent
from flood hazards.

• Between 1966 – 2002 years:
‣ 120 km of structure in 21 flood
‣ 5.2 km of drainage network and 1 pump station for ground-water runoff
‣ 68.3 km of hidden and outdoor engineering drainage network for streets and areas
‣ 934 of filtering water hole
‣ 709 of surveying water hole.
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• Between 2003-2011 years in 6 districts:
‣ 138 km of structure in 21 flood
‣ 13.8 km of drainage network and 1 pump station for ground-water
runoff
‣ 77.3 km of hidden and outdoor engineering drainage network for
streets and areas
‣ 1838 of filtering water hole
‣ 1300 of surveying of water hole for repairing

• Since 2012, 9 protected infrastructure for flood risk:
‣ 25 km protected infrastructures rebuilt
‣ 23 km rehabilitated
• The forward planning until 2018:
‣ 40% of rehabilitated construction
‣ 60% construction of new infrastructures and buildings.

The plan of “General development planning for
Ulaanbaatar city until 2020” aimed to get the standard of
GIS system :
‣Operate flood dams,
‣System of rainfall-runoff,
‣Rehabilitation of pump station,
‣Slip-rope of network,
‣Surveying and filtering water hole.

Training and rehearsal

Community based disaster preparedness training
and rehearsal in 9 districts
‣ Students of secondary
schools, college and
University
‣ Training for employees of
enterprises, private
companies and plants
‣ Training for employees of
office and business centers
‣ Training for citizen of flood
vulnerable residents
‣ Total number of participants
– 380.000

‣Employees of office, business centers and
citizen of flood vulnerable residents

‣Training for administrations and vocational class

‣Students, employees, private companies and
plants

Further actions for
the nearest future

Further actions are needed to be implemented
in the nearest future
• Revision and improvement of legal system in DRR & CCA context (local
government rule, finance resource, public participation, responsibility,
revision of Urban Development Law, City Redevelopment Law, Law on
Greening, etc), improvement of planning & building norms and standards
• Establishment of integrated education system on DRR & CCA (national
cirriculum, preparation of teachers, development of Media, etc)
• Improvement of linkage and coordination between related ministries,
institutions & organizations (sharing of information, integrated planning,
etc)
• Implementation of programs and projects under international technical
assistance and support
• Establishment of DRR & CCA Information Management System
(research studies, training activities)
• International best practice and information and knowledge sharing with
East Asian countries such as South Korea, Vietnam, Philippine,
Indonesia, Cambodia , Nepal.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
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