Walks in and around Tongariro National Park - Department of ...

Walks in
and around
Tongariro
National Park
CONTENT
Tongariro National Park
World Heritage Area 1
Getting here 2
Whakapapa Visitor Centre 2
Access and transport 2
Volcanic hazards 3
Weather and river crossings 3
Snow and avalanches 4
Water 4
Dogs and other pets 4
Vehicles 5
Mountain biking 5
Camping 5
Huts 6
Hut fees and booking 7
Rubbish and Care Code 7
Essential equipment 8
Tracks and walks (general) 9
Whakapapa
Walks (less than 3 hours) 10
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours) 14
Ohakune
Walks (less than 3 hours) 14
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours) 17
Mt Tongariro
Walks (less than 3 hours) 19
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours) 19
Further afield
Walks (less than 3 hours) 23
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours) 24
Multi-day tramps
Round the Mountain 25
The Tongariro Northern Circuit 30
Summit routes
Ngauruhoe 34
Tongariro 35
Ruapehu 35
Flora and fauna 38
Protecting our natural heritage 40
Project Tongariro 41
Maps
Whakapapa enlargement (fold out) 13
Ruapehu-Whanganui Trails (fold out) 16
Ohakune enlargement 18
Tongariro National Park 20 - 21
Tongariro National Park
World Heritage Area
Horonuku Te Heuheu Tūkino IV, paramount chief of the Ngāti
Tūwharetoa was, like his forefathers, a man who led his people
through times of conflict and change. During the mid-late
1800s there was considerable pressure on the central North
Island from farmers, logging and rival tribal claims. Loss of
this land would have meant loss of the sacred volcanoes and a
loss of mana (prestige) for the Ngāti Tūwharetoa.
‘If our mountains of Tongariro are included in the blocks
passed through the court in the ordinary way, what will
become of them? They will be cut up and sold, a piece going
to one Pakeha and a piece to another. They will become
of no account, for the tapu will be gone. Tongariro is my
ancestor , my tupuna, it is my head; my mana centres around
Tongariro. You know how my name and history are associated
with Tongariro, I cannot consent to the court passing these
mountains through in the ordinary way. After I am dead, what
will be their fate?’ Te Heuheu Tūkino IV, 1885.
On 23 September 1887, Te Heuheu
gifted the sacred volcanoes of
Tongariro, Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu
to the Crown and to the people of New
Zealand, ‘... in memory of Te Heuheu and
his tribe.’ An Act of Parliament formally
established Tongariro National Park in
1894 and it was gazetted as such in
1907. The original gift area of 2360
hectares has been increased over the
years by government purchase of
surrounding land to create a national
park of 78,618 hectares.
National Parks represent glimpses of our environment
as it once was, and also form cultural icons that
connect people to the land. The varying landscape of
Tongariro National Park features herb fields, forests,
lakes, streams and desert-like areas, as well as dramatic
terrain formed by volcanic activity. The landforms,
volcanoes and ecosystems of Tongariro National Park
are now recognised as having outstanding international
significance and have been awarded World Heritage
status for natural and cultural values.
1

Getting here
This 78,618 hectare park, located in the Central North Island, is
bordered by State Highways 1, 49, 4 and 47. The nearest towns
are Turangi, National Park and Ohakune. The small village of
Whakapapa is located within the park.
The main trunk railway runs through National Park and
Ohakune townships. Regular bus services operate to Ohakune,
National Park and Turangi.
Whakapapa Visitor Centre
The visitor centre for Tongariro
National Park is situated in
Whakapapa Village. It is open every
day (closed Christmas Day) from 8 am
to 5 pm (winter) or 6 pm (summer).
The Centre’s ‘Tongariro Experience’
includes two audiovisual presentations
screened on request. Exhibits include
cultural and natural history, World
Heritage and ski history displays.
The centre takes reservations for the
Tongariro Northern Circuit Great
Walk and sells hut tickets, hut passes, a
range of books, cards, maps and walking brochures.
Up-to-date weather, volcanic and snow stability information is
also available. Tel: (07) 892 3729, Fax: (07)892 3814,
Email: tongarirovc@doc.govt.nz
There is also Department of Conservation visitor information
at the Ohakune i-Site, open daily 9 am - 5 pm.
Access and transport
During summer, several operators provide transport to some
tracks in the park. All track transport arrangements (drop offs
and pick ups) must be made before departure. Whakapapa
Village is the only access point with a public telephone.
There are transport operators who regularly service
Whakapapa Village, to and from Turangi and National
Park. Transport can also be arranged from Ohakune up the
Ohakune Mountain Road.
Contact local Department of Conservation Visitor centres or
information centres for up-to-date information and timetables.
Volcanic hazards
One of the main reasons Tongariro National Park is
considered a special area is because of its volcanic features.
Although volcanic events are often spectacular to view at a
safe distance, there can be considerable risk for those who
venture close to the activity.
Visitors should be aware that volcanic activity is possible in
this region at any time, and with little or no warning. Anyone
intending to tramp or climb on the upper slopes of the
volcanoes should first check the current volcanic alert status
and any recommended safety information for the area. During
times of volcanic activity trampers and skiers should move to
high ground and out of valleys to avoid lahar danger.
Weather
The climate of Tongariro National Park is highly
unpredictable and it can snow or rain at any time of the
year. Check the weather forecast and track conditions before
starting out on any walk or tramping trip and always be
prepared for bad weather.
Westerly winds prevail, resulting in more rainfall in the west
and less in the east, but strong winds can arrive from any
direction. There is no wet or dry season in the park, although
summer and autumn are the warmest seasons. For an up-todate
weather forecast check at a local visitor centre or with
MetPhone: 0900 999 15 or www.metservice.com
River crossings
Heavy rain will cause increased water flow in all streams and
rivers in the park. At such times some unbridged rivers become
difficult or impossible to cross, particularly those on the longer
walks such as the Round the Mountain and Whakapapaiti
Valley Tracks. If you come across a swollen river, do not cross
it. Turn back or stop and wait for the river to subside.
Snow and avalanches
During winter any of the tracks in the park may be affected
by snow and ice. In these conditions walks may take longer
than the prescribed track times. After heavy snowfalls,
be aware of avalanche danger – check information on the
current snow stability before you set out. Climbers should
treat any loaded ice slope as a high hazard area.
Throughout winter, ice axes and crampons (and the
experience to use them) are usually required for the
Ngauruhoe summit, Tongariro Alpine Crossing and Mt
Ruapehu Crater trips. Whakapapaiti Valley, Tama Lakes
and Round the Mountain Tracks can also be snow-covered
during winter and will require extra care. Visitors must be
able to make their own on-site assessments on weather,
route and avalanche conditions and should consider
carrying an avalanche transceiver, probe and shovel if
venturing into snow-covered areas.
Water
Giardia may be present in some streams in the park. We
recommend you treat, filter or boil all water (for at least
three minutes) intended for drinking.
Water from the upper Mangatepopo Stream, Emerald
Lakes and Ketetahi Springs is not suitable for drinking
due to high mineral content. In times of volcanic activity
water tanks at huts may be disconnected to avoid ash
contamination. Streams and rivers could also become
contaminated. Visitors should carry their own water
supply. For cultural and health reasons, swimming is not
advised in many of the lakes, streams and rivers of the park.
Check with Department of Conservation staff for further
information.
Dogs and other pets
It is an offence under the National Parks Act to bring dogs
or any other introduced animals into Tongariro National
Park. To give greater protection to native wildlife please
leave your pets to be looked after at home.
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Vehicles
Do not leave valuables in parked cars and if possible arrange
alternative transport to and from tracks. Leaving vehicles
parked overnight, especially in more isolated carparks, is
not recommended. Vehicle vandalism can be a problem,
particularly at the Mangatepopo, Ketetahi and Waihohonu
parking areas.
Mountain biking
Mountain biking is permitted in Tongariro National Park
on formed roads i.e. Bruce Road, Ohakune Mountain Road,
Tūkino Road and Mangatepopo Road and on the Ohakune
Old Coach Road, Ruapehu-Whanganui Trails.
Mountain biking is permitted in adjacent Rangataua
Conservation Area on the southern boundary of Tongariro
National Park east of Ohakune. Erua and Tongariro Forest
Conservation Areas are also good locations for mountain
biking, hunting and tramping. Disused logging tracks provide
trails through varied and scenic forest.
Camping
Mangawhero Campsite is located two
kilometres up Ohakune Mountain
Road. Mangahuia Campsite is located
off State Highway 47. There is a
charge and self-registration is required. Toilets are provided.
Campsites are located near each of the huts on the Tongariro
Northern Circuit. There is a charge for campsites at huts, check
the Department of Conservation website or at a DOC visitor
centre for current rates. Reservations are required during the
Great Walk season. If you camp at a campsite at a hut you may
use any of the hut facilities except a bunk and mattress.
Hut and camping fees (see following section) contribute
towards service and maintenance and help to ensure that
these special backcountry facilities remain available. Contact
the Department of Conser vation Visitor centres and/or Visitor
Information Network (i-Site) centres for more informa tion and
hut/campsite pass sales.
Camping is not permitted at picnic sites or within 200 metres
of any State Highway or other road. Camping is not permitted
within 500 metres of the Northern Circuit Track or within 200
metres of any other track except designated campsites.
Huts
There are nine public huts in Tongariro National Park
available for overnight use. Historic Waihohonu Hut,
preserved as an historic building, is not available for
overnight use.
Facilities at huts include toilets and a water supply. Firewood
and an axe or saw are provided at huts with wood burners.
During the Great Walk season (the start of the third weekend
in October to the 30th of April) huts in the Tongariro
Northern Circuit (Mangatepopo, Ketetahi, Oturere and
Waihohonu) are also supplied with gas cookers. Hut wardens
are in residence at these huts over this period and can provide
park and weather information.
Considerate hut use
During your visit to Tongariro National Park, please respect
the rights of other visitors. Clean the benches, sweep the floor
and ensure no food scraps (which encourage vermin) remain.
Maximum group size at huts or campsites is 12. Use is limited
to two consecutive nights.
Hut bookings and fees
The Tongariro Northern Circuit Great Walk
During the Great Walk Season (the start of the third weekend
in October to the 30th of April) bookings must be made for
Mangatepopo, Ketetahi, Oturere and Waihohonu Huts.
Bookings for these huts can be made online at www.doc.govt.nz
- click the Book Online link. Alternatively, if you are unable
to book online, staff at a Department of Conservation visitor
centre can make bookings for you. A booking fee may apply.
Other huts
Other huts in Tongariro National Park do not require booking
at any time. They are on a first come basis only. Backcountry
tickets may be purchased for these huts from Department of
Conservation visitor centres.
Hut fees
These are listed on the Department of Conservation website
for the Great Walk Season under Tongariro National Park. For
backcountry hut fees please contact your closest Department
of Conservation office or visitor centre.
Backcountry Hut Passes and backcountry hut tickets are not
accepted on the Tongariro Northern Circuit during the Great
Walk Season.
Rubbish
There is a ‘pack-it-in, pack-it-out’ policy within the park. Please
carry out all your rubbish. There is a recycling and rubbish
transfer station at Whakapapa Village.
Environmental Care Code
Please follow the Environmental Care Code when travelling
and staying in the back country.
• Protect plants and animals
• Remove rubbish
• Keep streams and lakes clean
• Camp carefully
• Keep to the track
• Consider others
• Respect cultural heritage
• Enjoy your visit and
Toitū te whenua /
leave the land
undisturbed
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Oturere Hut
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Essential equipment
Weather in Tongariro National Park is notoriously changeable.
Be prepared for all conditions and take the correct clothing
and equipment.
While an afternoon walk on a short track will obviously
require less gear than a full day on Mt Ruapehu,
you should always have adequate footwear
(tramping boots for all but the short
walks), wind and waterproof raincoat and
overtrousers, warm clothing, a hat, gloves,
suncream, water, food, drink and a map.
For longer walks, also take:
• Additional warm woollen or
thermal clothing
• First aid kit
• Map and compass
During winter and snow conditions:
• Snow gaiters
• Snow goggles
• Ice axe and crampons
(and know how to use them)
Consider also:
• Avalanche transceiver
• Snow shovel
• Avalanche probe
Set to go for a summer walk
Tracks and walks
There are many walks suitable for most park visitors in
and around Tongariro National Park. This booklet gives
brief track descriptions and simple locality maps. These
should be used in conjunction with more detailed maps.
Supplementary information, current weather forecasts, up-todate
track conditions, snow stability estimates (in winter) and
volcanic alert status are available from local Department of
Conservation visitor centres. Also check daylight hours, which
are much reduced in winter.
Most of the shorter walks are on well-surfaced tracks and are
suitable for most visitors. Many of the longer tracks follow
poled routes only. Some, such as the Mt. Ruapehu Crater
climb, are completely unmarked and require special care and
navigation.
Before setting out on your trip, remember to inform a reliable
person of your intentions, and check in with them on or after
your return. If you are overdue they should contact the police.
The tracks described in this booklet have been classified as
follows:
Easy access short walk: suitable for people of all
abilities, wheelchairs and children’s buggies
Short Walk: well formed, easy walking for up to
an hour
Walking Track: well formed easy walks from a few
minutes to a day
Great Walk or Easy Tramping Track: generally
well formed track for comfortable overnight
tramping/ hiking trips
Tramping Track: mostly unformed but have track
directional markers, poles or cairns
Route: unformed, suitable only for people with
high level backcountry skills and experience
For more track information see:
• Tongariro National Park 273/04 map
• NZTopo50 series maps: BJ34 Mt Ruapehu, BH34 Raurimu,
BH35 Turangi, and BJ35 Waiouru
• Tongariro Alpine Crossing brochure
• Tongariro Northern Circuit brochure
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Whakapapa
Whakapapa Village lies within Tongariro National Park, on
the lower north-west slopes of Mount Ruapehu. The village
has accommodation and other visitor services.
Walks - less than 3 hours
These walk are accessible on foot from Whakapapa Village or
require a short drive to the starting point.
1. Whakapapa Nature Walk
15 minute loop track. Begins 250 metres above
Whakapapa Visitor Centre on SH 48.
This sealed loop track gives a glimpse of the unique flora
of Tongariro National Park. A series of on-site information
panels explain the various vegetation zones in the park.
2. Mounds Walk
20 minutes return, via same track. Begins 5 kilometres
below Whakapapa Visitor Centre on SH 48.
Debris avalanches during Ruapehu’s periods of volcanic
activity are believed to have formed these mounds thousands
of years ago. Follow this interpretive walk and learn more
about the mounds. The top of the track offers good views of
the volcanoes and surrounding area.
3. Tawhai Falls Walk
20 minutes, return via same track. Begins 4 kilometres
below Whakapapa Visitor Centre on SH 48.
The falls, which tumble over the edge of an ancient lava flow,
are reached after a short stroll through mountain toatoa and
beech forest.
4. Ridge Walking Track
30 - 40 minutes, 1.2 kilometres return via same track.
Begins 150 metres above Whakapapa Visitor Centre.
After a short climb through low beech forest, the track
emerges into alpine shrublands with panoramic views of
Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe and the surrounding landscape.
5. Taranaki Falls Walking Track
2 hours, 6 kilometre loop track. Begins 100 metres below
Whakapapa Visitor Centre at Ngauruhoe Place.
The track to Taranaki Falls has excellent mountain views and
crosses a range of land forms. The upper and lower tracks
form a loop with the falls situated around the half-way point.
The lower track passes through tussock and alpine shrublands
before entering beech forest. On a clear day Ngauruhoe’s
symmetrical cone and the older, eroded mountains of
Tongariro and Pukekaikiore are visible. Once in the forest,
the track descends to Wairere Stream then climbs alongside
it, passing Cascade Falls. The forest consists mainly of large
mountain beech trees, shiny broadleaf, mountain five-finger,
umbrella ferns and mountain toatoa. Small native birds such
as whiteheads, grey warbler and rifleman are commonly seen.
From the forest edge the track passes over the Wairere Stream
with impressive views of a small narrow gorge. Continuing
on up the track, Taranaki Falls come into view tumbling 20
metres over the edge of a large andesite lava flow which
erupted from Ruapehu 15,000 years ago. Wairere Stream is
slowly eroding a channel through this lava flow.
The trail from the falls climbs up through a forest of mountain
toatoa before joining the Tama Lakes Track. Turn right to
return to Whakapapa, cross Wairere Stream and climb the
shoulder of the lava flow, now covered with red tussock. Native
birds likely to be heard in this area include pipits, fern birds
and occasionally skylarks.
The return track crosses a series of eroded gullies formed by
wind, rain and frost action on volcanic soils. As the trail begins
to sidle around the slopes of Mount Ruapehu, it merges with
the wider old Waihohonu horse trail. Here, layers of pumice
and ash from previous eruptions are exposed. After passing
through the last patch of bush, the track emerges again into red
tussock and manuka, leading easily back to the village.
6. Whakapapanui Walking Track
2 hours, 6 kilometres return via same track or SH 48.
Begins 250 metres above Whakapapa Visitor Centre.
After a 10 -15 minute walk, the Whakapapanui Walking Track
branches to the right (don’t follow the Whakapapaiti Track
sign in error!) and heads downstream. Water-logged clearings
are passed as the track follows Whakapapanui Stream. Here,
storm-damaged beech forest is slowly regenerating.
7. Silica Rapids Walking Track
2½ hours, 7 kilometres return via Bruce Road. Begins
250 metres above Whakapapa Visitor Centre.
This track takes in a range of vegetation types as well as
the creamy-white Silica Rapid terraces. After crossing
Whakapapanui Stream at the top end of the Holiday Park the
track meanders through beech forest. Pass the Whakapapanui
Track turn-off and continue towards Silica Rapids. The track
soon crosses a bubbling stream with a gold-toned bed. The
coloured deposits are iron-oxide clays from upstream swamps.
Coprosma, five finger and broadleaf surround the stream and
track.
Emerging from the bush, the track climbs to a swampy area
of wire rush, tangle fern and red tussock. Seepage ponds
beside the boardwalk are home to freshwater crayfish (koura).
The boardwalk makes walking over swampy ground more
comfortable and reduces the impact of foot traffic on delicate
vegetation. On clear days this is a great place to enjoy
mountain views.
After passing the Whakapapaiti Track turn-off, the Silica
Rapids Track follows the stream up through dense bush to
Punaruku Falls. Here, after heavy rain, Tawhainui Stream
tumbles over the edge of an ancient lava flow. Close to the
track metal bands on tree trunks protect mistletoe from
possums. At the forest edge gold-coloured snow totara and
olive-green bog pine give way to sun-loving alpine herbs and
alpine flowers like mountain daisies, hare bells and ourisia.
A little further up the hill the stream bed widens and forms a
series of shallow terraces coated in creamy white deposits -
the famous Silica Rapids. When the stream emerges from lava
cliffs at the head of the valley the water is rich in aluminium
and silicate minerals. As the stream gathers speed and the
water is aerated, the alumino-silicates are deposited on the
stream bed.
Moving away from the rapids, the track climbs the side of a
tussock-covered lava flow. A small clump of mountain beech
and toatoa, seen a short distance up the mountain, forms the
upper limit of beech trees in the area. The track then winds
through tussock and sub-alpine shrubs to the Bruce Road,
which can be followed downhill 2.5 kilometres to Whakapapa
Village.
8. Meads Wall Route
NB: this is not a Department of Conservation track, it is
a route administered by Ruapehu Alpine Lifts.
Ten minutes return from Iwikau Village, at the top of the
Bruce Road. Follow the route to Meads Wall - a spectacular
rocky outcrop which was one of the filming locations for Lord
of the Rings. Meads Wall drops off steeply and care is required
whilst standing at the edge to enjoy spectacular views of the
valley below and Ngauruhoe to the northeast.
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Whakapapa maps
To
Whakapapa Ski Area
Whakapapaiti Track
Bruce Road
Whakapapa
Nature Walk
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours)
10. Whakapapaiti Valley Tramping Track
4-5 hours, 16 kilometre loop (including the Bruce
Road section) or 11 kilometres one-way (transport
required). Begins 250 metres above Whakapapa Visitor
Centre. See Whakapapa map (page 13). The track can be
walked in either direction but is described anticlockwise.
Follow Silica Rapids Track for about 45 minutes to
the junction with Whakapapaiti Track. The track goes
through forest then an open tussock-covered area.
There is a bridged crossing of Whakapapaiti River, then
the track continues up the valley, passing the junction
with Mangahuia Track (2 - 3 hours to campsite). Further
up the valley there is an unbridged river crossing - it
may not be possible to cross safely when the river is
high following or during rainfall. Whakapapaiti Hut is
10 - 15 minutes further up the track.
Leaving the hut, the track winds its way through
stunted beech forest, then up the valley to the Round
the Mountain Track junction. Turn left here towards
Bruce Road. The track zig-zags up and over a moraine
ridge with great views of Whakapapaiti Valley and the
surrounding landscape. Continue to the Scoria Flat
area on the Bruce Road. From here it is approximately 5
kilometres down the road to Whakapapa Village.
47
4
T
Ridge Track
Whakapapa
Visitor Centre
Skotel
Taranaki Falls
Tama Lakes
Taranaki Falls
P Carpark
Toilet
P
Ngauruhoe Place
Shop
Bayview
Chateau
Tongariro
0 300 m
9. Skyline Route
Holiday
Park
Silica Rapids
Whakapapanui Walk
Tavern
To
The Mounds
Tawhai Falls
NB: this is not a DOC track,
it is a route administered by
Ruapehu Alpine Lifts.
1½ - 2 hours return from the top
of Waterfall Express chairlift,
Whakapapa Ski Area. This walk
follows a poled route, marked
only in summer, over steep rocky
terrain and loose scree. There is
no formed track. This walk is not
recommended in winter, in poor
weather, and/or snow or ice cover.
Follow the marker poles beside the
Valley T-bar line, at the top of the
T-bar, climb up the side of the ridge
to your left for fantastic views.
Return the same way.
P
11. Tama Lakes Tramping Track
5-6 hours, 17 kilometres return on same track.
Begins 100 metres below the Visitor Centre
at the end of Ngauruhoe Place. This track is an extension
of the Taranaki Falls Track and part of the Tongariro
Northern Circuit and Round the Mountain Tracks.
At the top of Taranaki Falls, the track branches off the
Taranaki Falls Walk, to cross rolling tussock country
and alpine herbfields. Further on, the track branches left
to Tama Lakes, while the main track continues on to
Waihohonu Hut. There is a view of the lower lake (1240
metres), and then the track climbs steeply to a viewpoint
(1440 metres) of the upper lake.
Tama Lakes occupy several old explosion craters on
Tama Saddle between Ruapehu and Ngauruhoe. The
saddle acts as a funnel for prevailing westerly winds
and windproof clothing is recommended.
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Ohakune
Walks (less than 3 hours)
See Ohakune map (page 18)
12. Rimu Walk
15 minutes return. This walk begins opposite the
Department of Conservation Field Centre at the
bottom of Ohakune Mountain Road.
This track loops off the Mangawhero Forest Walk. It meanders
gently through an understorey of ground ferns and kāmahi
and crisscrosses a quiet mountain stream. It is suitable for
wheelchairs and pushchairs.
13. Mangawhero Forest Walk
1 hour, 3 kilometre loop track. This track begins opposite
the Department of Conservation Field Centre at the
bottom of Ohakune Mountain Road.
After crossing the Mangawhero River the track leads into a
forest of kāmahi, broadleaf and five finger, with giant rimu, mataī
and kahikatea reaching 30 metres or more above the forest floor.
Immediately after passing through a cut log the track crosses
a large volcanic crater. At its highest point, the track crosses
Ohakune Mountain Road and returns to the Field Centre.
14. Mangawhero Falls Walk
5 to 10 minutes return. Starts from a carpark on Ohakune
Mountain Road, 13 kilometres past the Department of
Conservation Field Centre.
This short walk provides excellent views of a beautiful waterfall
close to the road. Here, not far below bushline, the beech forest
is stunted because of the hash climate. Spectacular icicles form
around the falls in winter.
15. Waitonga Falls Walking Track
1 hour 20 minutes, 4 kilometres return via same track. The
track begins on Ohakune Mountain Road, 11 kilometres past
the Department of Conservation Field Centre.
The park’s highest waterfall, Waitonga Falls (39 metres), is
reached via a well-formed track through mountain beech and
kaikawaka (mountain cedar) forest. The track passes Rotokawa,
an alpine bog where on a calm day the reflection of Mt
Ruapehu’s southern face can be seen in the pools. Past the falls,
the track continues as part of the Round the Mountain Track, a
four to six day tramp around Mt Ruapehu (see page 25).
Lake Rotokura
16. Lake Rotokura Walking Track
30 minutes return. Signposted off SH 49, 12 kilometres
from Ohakune enroute to Waiouru. Drive one kilometre
from the turnoff along Karioi Station Road, cross the railway line,
continue to Rotokura carpark. See main map (page 20).
Lakes, beech forest and plentiful bird life feature on this short
walk in Rotokura Ecological Area. The first lake passed on the
track is Dry Lake. Flat, grassed areas above the lake are perfect
for family picnics. The track continues past Dry Lake to Lake
Rotokura. This lake is surrounded by ancient beech forest and
on clear days Mount Ruapehu is reflected in the lake’s calm
waters. Native birds such as tūī, kākā, bellbird, fantail and North
Island robin are commonly seen or heard along the track to the
lake. Rotokura is tapu (sacred healing waters) to Ngāti Rangi, the
local Māori people or tangata whenua. Please respect this by not
eating at or near Rotokura. Fishing is also prohibited.
National Cycle Trail: Ruapehu-Whanganui
Trails Ngā ara Tūhono From the mountains to the sea
17. Ohakune Old Coach Road and Historic Viaducts
Walk and Cycle Track:
Ohakune to Horopito (or reverse)
15 kilometres: Ohakune Railway Station to Horopito
2 hours 20 min cycle 4 hours 30 min walk
Ohakune Railway Station to Marshalls Road carpark
From the station follow the footpath to the Mangawhero River
Bridge and cross over onto Old Station Road. Continue about
1.5 kilometres and turn right onto Marshalls Road. Rongokaupo
Wetland and picnic area, a community project under
development, is situated about 350 metres before Marshalls Road
carpark. Total distance, 3 kilometres. The track continues from
the car park.
Marshalls Road carpark to Hapuawhenua Viaduct
From the car park the track follows the Ohakune
Old Coach Road, weaving its way through rolling
farmland with views over the spectacular Ohakune
Basin. It then heads into native bush toward the
Hapuawhenua Viaducts. Cobblestones (setts) are still
evident along the track. Explore the Hapuawhenua
Tunnel and marvel at the workmanship of yesteryear.
The track climbs up to a ridge before dropping into
the Hapuawhenua Valley. There are good stands of
kahikatea, rimu, mataī and ponga along the way. From
this point the two viaducts come into view. Walk the
historic Hapuawhenua Viaduct (cyclists dismount
on the viaduct) and enjoy both old and new viaducts
and native forest surrounds. The limestone cliff that is
visible high up on top of Raetihi Hill is a reminder that
this area was once under the sea. From here you can
return to Ohakune or carry on to Horopito.
Hapuawhenua Viaduct to Horopito
From the western end of Hapuawhenua Viaduct access
the cycle trail to Horopito. The trail passes through a
beautiful section of native bush before coming out on
the original Old Coach Road again. This is known as
the Skyline section; some kilometres of it can be very
muddy and difficult for less experienced riders. On the
way to the highest point the trail passes the old quarry
which supplied much of the rock for the cobbles as the
old dray road was upgraded to a coaching road in 1905.
At the top of the ridge you again pass by some
magnificent rimu and rātā trees and there are beautiful
views over farmland and hills. Throughout this part of
the trail there are old campsites established when the
dray road was upgraded. While not much can be seen
of them, they are a reminder of the hardships the road
workers and their families faced while living in canvascovered
houses in the midst of a cold, wet rainforest.
Cyclists on the historic
Hapuawhenua Viaduct
14
15

Shortly after crossing the bridge over
a beautiful spring-fed stream, there is a
grassed picnic area surrounded by rimu
and tawa trees. This is an ideal place to
stop for a rest before continuing through
the forest, down the hill to Taonui Stream
and under the new Taonui Rail Bridge. The
trail follows the stream down to the historic
Taonui Viaduct. From the top of the viaduct
you follow part of the old railway alignment
through to the present day railway line.
The railway line must be crossed at the
designated crossing point. Use caution
when looking for trains which regularly use
the line.
From the railway line the next points of
interest are the old viaduct abutments
across Haeremaere Stream. From here the
trail crosses the stream and follows the Old
Coach Road through to Horopito.
Signs at each end of the trail give distances
and time estimates for riding and walking.
There are also directional signs enroute.
Taonui
Viaduct
Please respect the environment and ensure
all rubbish and human waste is removed from the park.
Marshalls Road, Ohakune to
Hapuawhenua Viaduct return
6.8 kilometres return
1 hour 30 min cycle 2 hours 30 min walk
See description on page 15 (top right) to the viaduct.
Return via same route. Access along the railway line or
rail access road is not permitted.
4
Ruapehu - Whanaganui Trails
HOROPITO
Haeremaere Stream
Taonui Stream
Ohakune Old Coach Rd
Hapua w henua Stream
Hapuawhenua rail tunnel portal
Marshalls Road
Tongariro
National Park
Day tramps (3-8 hours)
See Ohakune map (page 18)
18. Lake Surprise Tramping Track
5 hours, 9 kilometres return. This track is part of the
Round the Mountain Track and begins on the Ohakune
Mountain Road, 15 kilometres past the Department of
Conservation Field Centre.
After sidling around open country from Mountain Road, the
track descends into Mangaturuturu Valley beside a beautiful
cascade. This section can be very slippery. The creamy coating
on the cascade is due to silica and mineral rich water from an
alpine spring. Waterfalls and bluffs complement the backdrop
of Mount Ruapehu. The Mangaturuturu River is forded shortly
after passing Mangaturuturu Hut, (1 hour 30 minutes from the
road). Evidence of the 1975 lahar (volcanic mudflow) can be
seen here in the scoured treeless river banks. Lake Surprise, a
broad, shallow lake set amongst beech forest and tussock, is
reached after a steady climb from the river valley.
Return the same way or follow Horopito Track to Horopito
(3 hours).
19. Old Blyth Tramping Track
4 to 5 hours, 11 kilometre round trip. This track begins
on the Ohakune Mountain Road, 7 kilometres past the
Department of Conservation Field Centre.
Following part of the historic route up Mount Ruapehu, the
track climbs gradually through one of the few red beech
stands in the park and then passes through kaikawaka and
mountain beech until it meets the Waitonga Falls Track.
When Blyth Track was constructed in the early 1900s, much
of the route was through alpine bog. Logs placed horizontally
across the track (‘corduroy’) helped improve the muddy
surface. The remains of this type of track can still be seen.
For the return it is necessary to retrace your steps or walk out
to the Mountain Road via the Waitonga Falls / Round the
Mountain Tramping Track, and then down the road.
Old Station Road
OHAKUNE
Lake Surprise
16
17

Ruapehu-Whanganui Trails
Ohakune Old Coach Road
Ohakune enlargement
P
P
P
P
On and near Mt Tongariro
Walks (less than 3 hours)
See map (pages 20-21)
20. Soda Springs Walking Track
2 hours, 6 kilometres return via same track. Begins at the
Mangatepopo roadend 13.4 kilometres from Whakapapa
Village, 7 kilometres up Mangatepopo Road, off SH 47.
The track to Soda Springs is part of the Tongariro Alpine
Crossing Track and follows Mangatepopo Stream.
Ngauruhoe’s most recent lava flows appear dark in contrast
to the older flows which are slowly revegetating. Under the
headwall of the Mangatepopo Valley these cold water springs
create a small oasis of lush yellow mountain buttercups and
white foxgloves in summer.
Day tramps (3 - 8 hours)
21. Historic Waihohonu Hut
3 hours, 6.3 kilometres return from the Desert Road.
35 kilometres south of Turangi. Part of the Round the
Mountain and Tongariro Northern Circuit Tracks.
Built in 1903/04 by the government, this hut used to be a stopover
for stage coaches. The walls are constructed of a double
layer of corrugated iron with a layer of pumice sandwiched
between for insulation. No longer used for accom modation,
the hut is preserved as an historical building and is classified
by the Historic Places Trust.
The track meanders through beech forest and open tussock
land, crossing the Ohinepango Stream. At the junction where
the track branches right to the new Waihohonu and Oturere
Huts or left to Rangipo Hut, continue straight ahead towards
Whakapapa for about five minutes to the next junction. Turn
left to reach the historic Waihohonu Hut. Return the same way.
22. Ketetahi Hut
4-5 hours, 13.4 kilometres return via same track.
Signposted off SH 46, 25 minutes drive from
Whakapapa Village or Turangi.
High on the slopes of Mt Tongariro, Ketetahi Hut commands
a magnificent view of Lake Rotoaira, Mt Pihanga and distant
Lake Taupo. The track to the hut is part of the popular
Tongariro Alpine Crossing.
From the carpark, the track climbs through podocarp forest.
For part of the way it follows a stream naturally polluted by
thermal activity and unfit for drinking. The track opens out
onto a broad tussock-covered ridge and heads up the slopes
past Ketetahi Springs to the hut.
Ketetahi Springs
Ketetahi Springs are on private land, please respect this and
keep to the track. Walking the Tongariro Alpine Crossing
Track does not convey any right of access to the springs.
23. Tongariro Alpine Crossing
6-8 hours, 19.4 kilometres one way. Recommended
direction is from Mangatepopo to Ketetahi. This track
is part of the Tongariro Northern Circuit and begins at the
Mangatepopo roadend, 13.4 kilometres from Whakapapa.
The track winds up the Mangatepopo Valley to the saddle
between Tongariro and Ngauruhoe. It climbs to Red Crater
(1886 metres), then drops down to the vivid Emerald Lakes.
After passing Blue Lake the track sidles around the northern
slope of Tongariro, then descends in a zigzag past Ketetahi
Hut and down to the roadend.
This is a one-way track, so return transport is required. This
is easy to arrange with your accommodation provider, and
several local operators provide transport services. Details
are available from the Whakapapa Visitor Centre. Check
weather and avalanche conditions before you begin the hike.
Mountaineering experience and equipment is essential in
winter conditions. More detailed information and maps are
available at Whakapapa Visitor Centre:
• Tongariro National Park 273/04 map
• NZTopo50 series: BJ34 Raurimu and BH35 Turangi
• Tongariro Alpine Crossing brochure (available online)
www.tongariro.org.nz/pocketranger
The Tongariro Alpine Crossing
Download the free Pocket
Ranger App to have
everything you need to know
about the Tongariro Alpine
Crossing ‘at your fingertips’.
18
19
22

23
Tongariro National Park
Further afield
Walks (less than 3 hours)
10
See map (pages 20 21)
24. Taurewa Loop Walking Track
2 - 3 hours, 4.5 kilometre loop track. 17 kilometres from
Whakapapa Village.
Take SH 47 north and turn left at John McDonald Road
(gravel road that can be rough). Turn right onto Pukehinau
Road and look for the Taurewa Track sign. The track starts
on the edge of Tongariro Forest and follows old milling trails
through bush.
25. Okupata Caves
25 kilometres from Whakapapa Village. Turn off SH 47
and travel 11 kilometres down John McDonald Road
(gravel road that can be rough). Veer left at the Pukehinau
Road intersection, continue to caves.
A natural, unmarked network of limestone passages in
Tongariro Forest. Only enter the caves with people who know
them well as it is easy to get lost. Heavy rainfall may result in
rising water levels or flooding in the caves.
26. Te Porere Redoubt Walk
45 minutes, 2.5 kilometres return via same track. 25
kilometres from Turangi on SH 47 (just south of
junction with SH47A), 22.3 kilometres from Whakapapa.
These 1869 earthworks fortifications (outpost and main
redoubt) were built by the Māori warrior Te Kooti and his
followers. It was here that the last of the Māori land wars was
fought. This area is preserved as an historic place.
27. Rotopounamu Walking Track
20 minutes to lake (one way), or 2 hours to and around
the 5 kilometre loop track. 11 kilometres from Turangi
and 35 kilometres from Whakapapa on SH 47. Carpark
signposted on south side of Te Ponanga Saddle.
Beautiful Rotopounamu (the greenstone lake), nestled into the
side of Mt Pihanga, is a favourite of tree lovers, birdwatchers,
walkers and swimmers. Beginning opposite the carpark, the
track winds gently uphill. At the top the track branches; either
track leads around the lake, past several beaches and returns
to the junction.

28. Ohinetonga Walking Track
2 hours, 3.8 kilometre loop track. 35 kilometres from
Whakapapa Village. Turn right onto SH 4 at National
Park and head north towards Taumarunui. Turn right at
the‘Walking tracks’ sign in Owhango.
This reserve lies between Owhango and the Whakapapa
River (not shown on map). The track winds through a variety
of attractive scenery, past Ohinetonga Lagoon and through
beautiful forest. There are picnic areas and good places to
swim by the river.
Day tramps (3-8 hours)
29. Tupapakurua Falls Track
4 - 5 hours, 11 kilometres (return) to Tupapakurua Falls
Lookout. Begins at Fishers Road, National Park Village.
Walk about 30 minutes down Fishers Road to the start of the
Tupapakurua Falls Track (left side of road). The track has
recently been upgraded by the local community in partnership
with the Department of Conservation. It begins with an easy
20 minute walk to the Taranaki Lookout. From this point the
track becomes a back country adventure track and is suitable
for experienced trampers only. The track follows a ridge and
then descends steeply to a stream. There are good stands
of tawa, mature rimu, miro and totara to see along the way.
Climbing from the stream, the track winds its way around
bluffs to a good lookout point with views of the falls. Return
via the same track.
Ohinetonga Lagoon
24
Multi-day tramping tracks
30. Round the Mountain
This is a 4 to 6 day tramp around Mount Ruapehu. It is
ideal for those seeking solitude, magnificent mountain
views and a backcountry experience and is a more remote
alternative to the popular Tongariro Northern Circuit.
The track can be walked at any time of year, but the safest and
most popular time is from December to March. During this
period the tracks are normally clear of snow and the weather is
less severe.
The Round the Mountain Track traverses a myriad of
landscapes, ranging from mountain beech forest, tussockcountry
and alpine herb fields; to desert lands and glacial river
valleys. Although a greater part of the track is in an alpine
environment, there are no major alpine passes.
There are six huts are on the track. Five are backcountry huts
on a first-come basis only; Waihohonu is a Great Walk hut
requiring reservations in the Great Walk season.
More detailed information and maps are available at
Whakapapa Visitor Centre:
• Tongariro National Park 273/04 map
• NZTopo50 series: BJ34 Mt Ruapehu and BJ35 Waiouru
Access
It is possible to walk sections of the track in 1-2 days, or the full
trip in up to 6 days. Access points are:
• Whakapapa
Whakapapa Village – Silica Rapids Track/Whakapapaiti
Track entrance. There are overnight carparks in the village
opposite the Whakapapa Visitor Centre.
• Scoria Flat
5 kilometres from Whakapapa Village on the Bruce Road.
• Desert Road (State Highway 1)
There is a carpark just off the Desert Road, 35 kilometres
from Turangi or 21 kilometres from the Rangipo Junction.
It is approximately 1.5 hours to the Round the Mountain/
Tongariro Northern Circuit junction, then a further 5 hours
to Rangipo Hut.
• Ohakune Mountain Road
There are two access points: Waitonga Falls carpark (at 11
kilometres) and Wanganui Corner (at 15 kilometres) on
opposite sides of the road.
25
• Tongariro Northern Circuit
There are two connection points with the Northern Circuit;
Whakapapa Village and Waihohonu Track junction.
• Tukino Road (4 wheel drive)
This is not a regular track access point. The road leads to
the Tukino club ski field. Road conditions vary. It can be
rough at any time of the year and in the winter it is often
impassable due to snow. In summer there is a locked gate
beyond the point where the Round the Mountain Track
crosses the road.
Track description (Note: Enjoyable in either direction)
Whakapapa Village to Waihohonu Hut
5½ hours, 14.3 kilometres
The track begins at the end of Ngauruhoe Place 100 metres
below Whakapapa Visitor Centre. There are two options. The
Lower Taranaki Falls Track crosses tussock and shrubland
before following the Wairere Stream through mountain beech
forest to the base of Taranaki Falls. On leaving the falls, the
track climbs a set of steps and brings you to the junction
with the Upper Taranaki Falls Track (1¼ hours to this point).
Alternatively, the Upper Taranaki Falls Track takes you over
tussock and shrubland to the same point in one hour.
After leaving the Taranaki Falls Track, it is a further 2 hours to
Tama Saddle and Tama Lakes junction. From here a side trip
can be made to the Tama Lakes. Tama Saddle is exposed and
can be windy in bad weather (see page 14).
From Tama Saddle the track gradually descends for 2½
hours down Waihohonu Stream to Waihohonu Hut (note
that reservations are required from late October to April). A
side trip can be made from the Round the Mountain Track to
the historic Waihohonu Hut (see page 19) about 10 minutes
before you reach the new hut.
Waihohonu Hut to Rangipo Hut
5 hours, 12.5 kilometres
The track from Waihohonu Hut to Rangipo Hut is in one
of the most unique areas in the park. It is the only true
desert landscape in the North Island, and as such, features
vast plains of wind sculptured sands and volcanic rock.
The Rangipo Desert is dryer than most areas in Tongariro
National Park as it is sited in the rain shadow to the east of
Mount Ruapehu.
26

The track passes Ohinepango Springs then traverses the
eastern side of Ruapehu, past Tukino Mountain Road and the
Whangaehu River, eventually arriving at Rangipo Hut. The hut
is perched on the southern edge of the desert with views east to
the Kaimanawa mountains.
Rangipo Hut to Mangaehuehu Hut
5½ hours, 8.5 kilometres
The trip from Rangipo to Mangaehuehu is an undulating
traverse. It leaves the desertlands of Rangipo, re-entering the
mountain beech forest on the southern flanks of Mt Ruapehu.
A feature of this section is crossing the awesome Waihianoa
Gorge which cuts a path down the mountain into Karioi Forest.
Mangaehuehu Hut to Ohakune Mountain Road
3 hours, 8.9 kilometres
The gradual downhill traverse from Mangaehuehu weaves
through open alpine tussock country and mountain beech
stands. After an hour and a half, a track junction gives walkers
the option of a side trip to Blyth Hut (1 hour return) or
continuing out to Ohakune Mountain Road. About 20 minutes
past the track junction are Waitonga Falls (39 metres), reputedly
the highest falls in Tongariro National Park. The track out to the
road passes Rotokawa, a tarn featuring several alpine wetland
species and spectacular views of Ruapehu on a clear day.
27
A second junction indicates the
Old Blyth Track (1½ hours to the
7 kilometre point on Ohakune
Mountain Road) on the left, or 15
minutes straight ahead to Waitonga
Falls carpark (see page 14), the 11
kilometre point on the road. There
is a 3 kilometre walk up the road to
link up with the Round the Mountain
Track again.
Lahar hazard
Mistletoe may be seen on
beech trees along the track.
Mt Ruapehu is an active volcano. An eruption may
generate lahars (volcanic mudflows) in major valleys and
in the Whakapapa ski-area. Trampers and skiers should
familiarise themselves with known lahar paths and be
prepared to move out of valleys should an eruption occur.
Check with a local Department of Conservation office for
updates on current eruption hazard status and risk level.
Ohakune Mountain Road to Mangaturuturu Hut
1½ hours, 3 kilometres
The track begins at Wanganui Corner, the 15 kilometre point
on the Ohakune Mountain Road, and descends into the
Makotuku Valley. It crosses over a lava ridge covered in alpine
herbs and then descends into the expansive Mangaturuturu
Valley via the Cascades, where a mountain stream tumbles
over a spectacular rockfall. The rocks are coated with a creamycoloured
silica deposit left behind by the fast flowing stream.
Take care here, as the rocks can be slippery during wet or icy
conditions. Mangaturuturu Hut, situated on the valley floor, is
maintained jointly by the Department of Conservation and the
Wanganui Tramping Club.
Mangaturuturu Hut to Whakapapaiti Hut
5½ hours, 10.3 kilometres
On leaving the Hut, the track crosses the Mangaturuturu
River. It may not be possible to cross safely when the river is
high during or following rain. The river bed was scoured out
in 1975 by a lahar (volcanic mud flow), thus the sides of the
river are devoid of established vegetation. Take care crossing
the river, particularly after heavy rain. A climb out of the valley
brings you to Lake Surprise, a shallow alpine tarn. The staircase
that climbs up from Lake Surprise onto the ridge above, was
constructed to protect the fragile alpine environment previously
destroyed by trampers clambering up the difficult rock face.
The traverse to Whakapapaiti features two magnificent river
valleys, the Manganui-o-te-Ao and the Makatote. These rivers
merge in the Ruatiti Valley then flow into the Whanganui River.
This part of the track features views of Hauhungatahi, a conical
peak to the northwest of Ruapehu, as well as spectacular
waterfalls tumbling off lava bluffs in the Whakapapaiti Valley.
The track junction just before Whakapapaiti Hut gives you the
option of continuing on to Scoria Flat on the Bruce Road (1½
hours), or turning off to Whakapapaiti Hut (15 minutes) and on
to Whakapapa Village (2½ hours).
Whakapapaiti Hut to Whakapapa Village
1½ hours to Scoria Flat. 2½ hours to the village. 8.7 kilometres
From Whakapapaiti Hut the track continues down the valley.
Fifteen minutes below the hut it crosses Whakapapaiti River. In
low flow it is possible to boulder hop across the river but after
heavy rain crossings can be unsafe. If necessary take the
alternative return route via the Round the Mountain top track to
Scoria Flat, 5 kilometres above Whakapapa Village on Bruce Rd.
28
About 45 minutes below the hut Mangahuia Track branches
off to the left (to Mangahuia Campsite and SH 47). The
track to the village continues straight on then veers east.
Interesting features of this area are the groves of kaikawaka
and cabbage trees amongst the beech forest. From here the
track undulates for a number of easy climbs and descents
before joining the well formed Silica Rapids Track, for the last
45 minutes to Whakapapa Village.
Side trips
Historic Waihohonu Hut
See walk 21 (page 19) for more information.
Blyth Hut
1 hour return from track junction
Blyth Hut can be reached by leaving the Round the Mountain
Track at a junction just east of Waitonga Falls. A gentle climb
through mountain beech forest brings you out into the open,
from where the hut is a short climb above the headwaters of
the Mangateitei Stream. The hut site features expansive views
of the mountain and the countryside to the south.
Tama Lakes
Lower Tama: 20 minutes return from the junction
Upper Tama 1½ hours return from the junction
Tama Lakes, two infilled explosion craters, are named after
Tamatea, the high chief of the Täkitimu Canoe, who explored
the area six centuries ago. The lower lake (1200 metres above
sea level), is a ten minute side trip from the junction. Volcanic
debris is slowly washing in and filling the crater. The upper
lake (at 1314 metres), is a further 35 minutes up a steep ridge.
This beautiful lake is reputed to be very deep.
Ohinepango Springs
Five minutes return from Round the Mountain Track. 1 hour
return from new Waihohonu Hut
The springs are signposted on the Round the Mountain Track
heading south towards Rangipō Hut. Crystal clear cold water
bubbles up from beneath an old lava flow and discharges at
an enormous rate into the Ohinepango Stream.
Lower Tama Lake
29

31. The Tongariro Northern Circuit
Reservations required in the Great
Walks Season (see page 7).
A range of trips can be planned around
the Tongariro Northern Circuit. Day trips,
overnight trips, or a three to four day walk
around the complete circuit. The safest
and most popular time of year to walk the Tongariro Northern
Circuit is during the summer months (December to March)
when the tracks are normally clear of snow and the weather is
less severe.
The Tongariro Northern Circuit connects with the Round
the Mountain Track at two points - Whakapapa Village and
Waihohonu.
More detailed information and maps are available at
Whakapapa Visitor Centre:
• Tongariro National Park 273/04 map
• NZTopo50 series: BJ34 Mt Ruapehu, BH34 Raurimu, and
BH35 Turangi
• Tongariro Northern Circuit brochure (available online)
Track description
Whakapapa to Mangatepopo Hut
3 hours (up to 5 hours in bad weather), 8.5 kilometres
Begins 100 metres below the Whakapapa Visitor Centre at
Ngauruhoe Place and along the lower Taranaki Falls Track.
About 20 minutes from the village the Mangatepopo Track
branches off the Falls Track. For the last hour the track skirts
around Pukekaikiore until it reaches the Mangatepopo Valley.
Mangatepopo Hut is five minutes off the main Mangatepopo
to Ketetahi Hut Track.
Red Crater
30
The Tongariro Alpine Crossing
The track from Mangatepopo to Ketetahi (described in
the next two sections and on page 22) is known as the
Tongariro Alpine Crossing. It is one of the best one-day
treks in the country and is a highlight of the Tongariro
Northern Circuit.
Because much of the terrain is elevated and exposed it
is essential to carry adequate clothing even on a day trip.
See the recommended gear list on page 8.
Mangatepopo Hut to Emerald Lakes
3½ hours, 8 kilometres
The track follows Mangatepopo Stream up the glacially
carved valley, climbing over a succession of lava flows from
Ngauruhoe. A five minute detour at the head of the valley
leads to Soda Springs, cold springs which emerge beneath an
old lava flow.
The steep climb required to reach the Mangatepopo Saddle
rewards climbers with views of the valley and if clear, Mt
Taranaki to the west. From the saddle the track crosses South
Crater, not a true crater but a drainage basin between the
surrounding volcanic landforms.
The climb to Red Crater offers splendid views of Oturere
Valley and the Kaimanawa Ranges to the east. At the top of
Red Crater (the highest point on the Crossing at 1886 metres)
a poled route to the left leads to Tongariro Summit (1½ - 2
hours return). The main track continues on along the crater
rim. The large flat topped crater seen ahead is North Crater.
A scoria covered ridge leads down to Emerald Lakes. These
three lakes fill old explosion craters. Their brilliant colour is
caused by minerals washed down from the thermal area of
Red Crater. The lakes are tapu or sacred and also have a high
mineral content so swimming in them is not recommended.
Just beyond Emerald Lakes the track branches right, to
Oturere Hut or continues straight ahead to Ketetahi Hut.
Emerald Lakes to Ketetahi Hut
1½ hours, 4.2 kilometres
Leaving Emerald Lakes the track crosses Central Crater which
like South Crater is actually another drainage basin. A short
climb leads up to the ridge beside Te Wai-whakaiata-o-te-
Ranihiroa (Blue Lake). The track then sidles around North
Crater. Lakes Rotoaira (foreground) and Taupō are visible on
31
Morning view from
Ketetahi Hut
Crossing South Crater
clear days. As the track loses altitude it enters vast areas of red
tussock cloaking the hills. The track zigzags down to Ketetahi
Hut. Please resist the temptation to take short cuts as it causes
accelerated erosion.
From Ketetahi Hut the Tongariro Alpine Crossing Track
continues down the hill (see page 22). To complete the
Northern Circuit make your way back to Emerald Lakes and
take the turn off to Oturere Hut.
Emerald Lakes to Oturere Hut
1½ hours, 4.8 kilometres
From Emerald Lakes the track descends steeply into the
Oturere Valley with views of the valley and the Kaimanawa
Ranges. The track weaves through an endless variety of
unusual jagged lava forms created by early eruptions from
Red Crater. A magical place to visit especially on a misty day.
Oturere Hut is nestled on the eastern edge of these flows.
Oturere Hut to Waihohonu Hut
3 hours, 7.5 kilometres
After leaving Oturere Hut the track undulates over a number
of stream valleys and open gravel fields. The track gradually
32

sidles around the foot hills of Ngauruhoe descending into a
valley and crossing one of the branches of the Waihohonu
Stream. Continue through a beech clad valley before climbing
towards the ridge top. Waihohonu Hut is in the next valley.
Waihohonu Hut to Whakapapa Village
5½ hours, 14.3 kilometres
From the historic hut the track follows the Waihohonu Stream
gradually climbing to Tama Saddle. Tama Saddle is exposed
and can be windy in bad weather.
On reaching the saddle a track branches right to Tama Lakes,
two partially infilled explosion craters. The lower lake is a ten
minute side trip from the junction while the upper lake is up a
steep ridge, a one and a half hour side trip.
Whakapapa Village is approximately two hours from the
Tama Lakes junction. After the first hour the track meets the
Taranaki Falls loop walk. To view the falls, follow the lower
track down a flight of stairs to a boulder-ringed pool at the
base of the falls. The track then contin ues beside Wairere
Stream through mountain beech forest.
Alternatively, take the upper
track through tussock and
shrubland. Both options
take about one hour to
return to the village.
Emerald Lakes (right)
Taranaki Falls from the
lower track (below)
33
Summit routes (5- 12 hours)
Warning: These summit climbing routes are unmarked and
should only be undertaken by fit, experienced, well equipped
people who can make effective judgments about alpine and
volcanic hazards. Icy or ‘white out’ conditions can make all
climbs a serious undertaking. Before setting out check at
the Whakapapa Visitor Centre for current route and weather
conditions, volcanic activity and avalanche risk.
More detailed information and maps are available at
Whakapapa Visitor Centre:
• Tongariro National Park 273/04 map
• NZTopo50 series: BJ34 Mt Ruapehu, BH34 Raurimu, and
BH35 Turangi
The weather may deteriorate during the trip – alpine weather
can change very quickly. Attempt these trips only in good
weather and be prepared to turn back if conditions change.
During winter and times of snow, surface conditions will
vary day to day. Depending on the time of year some of the
following hazards may be encountered on Mounts Ruapehu,
Ngauruhoe and Tongariro: icy slopes, ice cliffs, avalanches,
waterfall holes, crevasses and schrunds.
Do not climb above your level of experience. Turn back as soon
as you feel uncomfortable with the weather or route conditions.
If travelling alone tell a responsible person of your intentions.
32. Ngauruhoe Summit (2287 metres)
6-7 hours, 19 kilometres return on same route. Begins at
Mangatepopo parking area. 3 hours return from South
Crater.
The 2500 year old near perfect cone of Mt Ngauruhoe entices
many visitors to its summit. Relatively quiet since 1975, this
parasitic cone of Mt Tongariro is traditionally one of New
Zealand’s most active volcanoes.
Follow the Tongariro Alpine Crossing Track up Mangatepopo
Valley to the saddle between Ngauruhoe and Tongariro. A
poled route leads to the foot of a ridge near the centre of
Ngauruhoe’s northern slope. From here the route is not marked
but climbs a band of red scoria to the summit. Be aware of
falling rocks dislodged by others on the steep slopes above.
Avoid entering the inner crater area, where volcanic fumaroles
may emit overpowering gases. Descend via the red scoria, then
on the loose scree to either side of the ridge.
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33. Tongariro Summit (1967 metres)
1½ - 2 hours return from the Tongariro Alpine Crossing
From Red Crater a poled route branches off to the
summit of Tongariro. The route offers some wonderful views
of the area.
34. Mt Ruapehu Crater Climb (2672 metres)
7 hours, 10 kilometres, return via same route. Begins
from Iwikau Village at the top of the Bruce Road.
Or 5 hours, 7 kilometres, return via the same route. Take
Whakapapa Ski Area chairlift from Iwikau Village. Walk
begins at Knoll Ridge.
This is NOT a marked route. You need to be able to find your
own way, have a map (Tongariro National Park map 273-04)
and be well equipped (see gear list in introduction). It is only
suitable for fit, experienced, and well equipped people who
can make effective judgments about alpine and volcanic
hazards. If unsure, travel with a guided party. Whakapapa Ski
Area offers guided trips to the Crater during summer months.
Phone (07) 892 4000. www.mtruapehu.com
If chairlifts or the guided summit walk are not operating, it is
a clear indication that conditions are not suitable for tramping
on Mt Ruapehu.
Mountaineering experience and equipment (such as ice axes
and crampons) are essential for winter climbing. Many people
have enjoyed the climb to the Crater with its panoramic
views and volcanic landscape. However, some have met with
tragedy because they were either not experienced or were ill
equipped to handle the conditions they encountered.
The following descriptions are simplified route guides from
Whakapapa Ski Area to Dome Ridge, where you can view the
crater area. Two standard routes are marked on the illustration
(see page 37). The most commonly used early summer route,
when snow is still present in the valleys, follows up the lefthand-side
of the Knoll Ridge T-bar line and continues up the
valley above the last T-bar pylon. At the head of the valley
climb up onto the ridge behind Glacier Knob. From this point
follow the narrow foot track zigzagging up the side of and
along Dome Ridge.
Dome Ridge in winter
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The second marked route is recommended when most of
the snow has disappeared. From the top of the Waterfall
Express chairlift travel to your right past pylons indicating
the Knoll Ridge T-bar line and over to Restful Ridge. Stay on
Restful Ridge as you climb towards the crater area. You will
go up a series of rises. The terrain is mainly rock. At the top
of Restful Ridge there is a more open face. From this point
follow the narrow foot track zigzagging up the side of and
along Dome Ridge.
The weather can deteriorate quickly.
Waterfall Express Chairlift
Waterfall T-bar
Te Heuheu
Cathedral Rocks
Pyramid
Lost and found
When travelling in the back country, especially on
unmarked routes, it is essential to have excellent
navigational skills and equipment as well as favourable
weather conditions. Otherwise you may find yourself lost.
If you lose your way - do not panic!
• Try to retrace your steps to the last point where you
recognise the route
• Mark your current position e.g. with a hat on a rock
and only move within sighting distance of this object
so that you do not stray further from your known
route.
• Do not split up the party.
• Do not travel in ‘white out’ conditions or in the dark.
• If you can not find the route, and visibility allows,
head for the best shelter that you can find (e.g. any
building, the leeward side of a ridge, a large rock).
Then stay in one place.
• Make your position as conspicuous as possible.
West Rodge T-bar
This sketch is illustrative only
and is not suitable for navigation.
Far West T-bar
Tahurangi
Crater
Paretetaitonga
Dome
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37

Tongariro’s unique flora and fauna
Wildlife
New Zealand’s plants and animals have developed during 80
million years of isolation from the ancient super-continent of
Gondwana, as a result many of them are unique and found
only in this country.
Birds found in Tongariro National Park include blue duck,
North Island brown kiwi, the North Island robin, whitehead,
kererū, fantail, silvereye, chaffinch, tūī, tomtit, blackbird,
yellow-crowned parakeet, morepork and kākā. While the birds
are mostly active during the day, many of the park’s other
unique creatures, such as bats and kiwi, only come out at
night. Tongariro is home to New Zealand’s only native land
mammals, the short and long tailed bats. Skinks and geckos
are also found in the park, but are more likely to be visible
during the warmer summer months.
Insects found in the park include many varieties of cicada,
New Zealand’s largest beetle (the huhu), the rare forest ringlet
butterfly, wēta and several species of moth.
Most notable amongst introduced animals are deer, goats,
possum and hare, all of which cause severe damage to alpine
and forest vegetation. Wasps also pose a threat to native bird
species with whom they compete for nectar and other food.
Red deer provide sport for hunters, but unfortunately also
severely affect the health of our native forests.
Blue duck or whio
Vegetation
The park’s plant life has to cope
with a wide spectrum of climatic
conditions and temperatures that
range from warm to freezing cold.
In barren, dry, and cold
environments like the Rangipo
Desert or high slopes on the
mountains, many plants like
the vegetable sheep adopt a
low creeping form, or shelter in
cracks and crevices.
In moist alpine environments,
mountain shrubs survive, many
of them herbaceous. Common
plants in this category include
mountain inaka and white daisy.
Mountain daisy (top)
Sedges, rushes and flax are
and gentian
common in the park’s wetlands, such
as those on the southern slopes of Ruapehu, and around
Hauhangatahi.
The greatest variety of plants probably exists in the tussock
grasslands so characteristic of the park’s mid-mountain
slopes. While red tussock may seem to dominate these
landscapes, these native grasses shelter a large number of
other plants including mosses, daisies, hebes and mountain
toatoa.
Mountain beech forest is the most widespread forest type in
the park, occurring as an almost continuous belt around the
western and southern slopes of Ruapehu. Distinctive in these
mountain beech forests is kaikawaka, or mountain cedar,
which is recognised by its dark green, conical appearance.
Silver and red beech occur in isolated patches on the eastern
slopes of Tongariro and extensively on the south slopes
of Ruapehu, in a zone below the mountain beech. In other
scattered areas of the park, usually between 600 and 900
metres, various hardwood species and podocarps such as
rimu, kamahi, kahikatea, and rātā can be found.
Native plants in the park have been displaced by introduced
plants (referred to as weeds) including heather and broom.
Although these weeds have attractive flowers they are
aggressively invading many tussock grasslands in the park.
Protecting our natural heritage
Karioi Rahui
The Karioi Rahui is a 5300 hectare ecological restoration
project managed jointly by the Department of
Conservation and the local iwi (tribe) Ngāti Rangi. Located
on the southern slopes of Mt Ruapehu, the area contains
an almost complete ecological sequence of forest spanning
the altitude 700-1500 metres and largely intact sub-alpine
vegetation in the 1200-2000+ metres altitude.
The Rahui contains a number of nationally ranked, high
priority threatened species and ecosystems, including the
North Island’s largest mistletoe population and the largest
known population of short-tailed bats in New Zealand.
There is also a small population of North Island brown
kiwi. The Department of Conservation and Ngāti Rangi are
working together to protect the area by controlling pests
like possums that destroy native plants and wildlife, and
monitoring the bat and kiwi populations.
Access to the area is through the Rotokura Ecological
Reserve, situated just off State Highway 49, 14 kilometres
southeast of Ohakune, where there is a half hour walk to
tranquil Lake Rotokura.
Mt Pihanga and Rotopounamu restoration
Mt Pihanga is situated at the northernmost point of the
Tongariro National Park. Rotopounamu is nestled into the
flank of Mt Pihanga, an easy 20 minute walk from State
Highway 47. A project commenced in 2003 with the aim
of protecting and restoring the native biodiversity of the
area. To date, Tongariro Natural History Society volunteers
and the Department of Conservation have achieved the
following steps toward restoration:
• Monitoring and investigation towards introduced pest
control within the area
• Nesting success study of New Zealand robin
• Set up bat detection boxes
• Completion of a freshwater study of the lake
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39
40

Project Tongariro
Project Tongariro (known for many years as the Tongariro
Natural History Society) is made up of people from
throughout New Zealand with a love for Tongariro National
Park and the surrounding areas, and a commitment to
conservation.
The vision is to promote a wider knowledge and
appreciation of the unique natural heritage, historic,
educational and recreational values of Project Tongariro.
Since establishment in 1984, as a living memorial to
five people who died in a helicopter accident on Mt
Ruapehu, Project Tongariro has contributed to promoting
and supporting conservation efforts in and around
Tongariro National Park such as the forest restoration of
Rotopounamu, the restoration of the Hapuawhenua viaduct
as a walkway and providing opportunities for students to
study in the park.
Project Tongariro welcomes new members. If you enjoy
visiting the park and wish to give practical support or are
interested in learning more, contact them at:
E: info@tongariro.org.nz
T: 07 386 6499
www.tongariro.org.nz
Department of Conservation contacts
Whakapapa Visitor Centre
State Highway 48, Whakapapa Village
PO Box 71029, Mt Ruapehu 3951
T: 07 892 3729
F: 07 892 3814
Email: tongarirovc@doc.govt.nz
Ohakune Visitor Centre
Ruapehu i-Site
54 Clyde Street, Ohakune
T: 06 385 8427
Email: ohakunevc@doc.govt.nz
To find out more, visit the DOC website:
www.doc.govt.nz
TONGARIRO NATURAL HISTORY SOCIET Y
41
Photography
Iris Broekema 30, 33, 36
Keith Broome 38
Rosie Brown Cover, 15 (right), 16 (top)
Sonia Frimmel 6, 17, 21, 22, 24, 29, 32 (bottom), 40, back
cover
Jimmy Johnson 6, 8, 32 (top), 39
Brian Mason 16 (bottom)
Paul Smith 15 (top)
Sarah Thompson 35
Maps Chris Edkins (excluding p16)
Layout Sonia Frimmel - What’s the Story?
40
Published by:
Department of Conservation
Te Papa Atawhai
Tongariro Whanganui Taranaki Conservancy
© Crown Copyright 2012
WEB ISBN: 978-0-478-14940-1