rei cretariæ romanæ favtorvm acta 41 - Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH

REI CRETARIÆ ROMANÆ FAVTORVM
ACTA 41
CONGRESSVS VICESIMVS SEXTVS
REI CRETARIÆ ROMANÆ FAVTORVM
GADEI HABITVS
MMVIII
BONN
2010
I

© The individual authors
ISSN 0484-3401
Published by the REI CRETARIÆ ROMANÆ FAVTORES, an international learned society
Editorial committee:
Dario Bernal Casasola
Tatjana Cvjetićanin
Philip M. Kenrick
Simonetta Menchelli
General Editor: Susanne Biegert
Typesetting and layout: ars archäologie redaktion satz, Hegewiese 61, D-61389 Schmitten/Ts.
Printed and bound by: Druckhaus »THOMAS MÜNTZER« GmbH, D–99947 Bad Langensalza
Enquiries concerning membership should be addressed to
The Treasurer, Dr. Archer Martin, Via di Porta Labicana 19/B2, I–00185 Roma
treasurer@fautores.org
ISBN 978-3-7749-3687-4
Distributor: Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Am Buchenhang 1, D-53115 Bonn, verlag@habelt.de
II

This volume, on the theme
“WORKING WITH ROMAN KILNS“,
is dedicated to the memory of
VIVIEN G. SWAN,
expert on Roman pottery and kilns in Roman Britain
12.1.1943 – 1.1.2009
Vivien Swan was a striking presence at RCRF congresses, always dressed with style and never hesitant to express an opinion
and to contribute to a debate. Her absence will certainly be noticed, and many of our members will have cause to remember
with gratitude the extent to which she assisted or encouraged them in their researches.
Vivien’s early archaeological career was spent with the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England,
working first at Salisbury and later at York. During this period, her interest in Roman pottery production in the New
Forest led to a wider study, supported by the Commission and published in due course as The Pottery Kilns of Roman
Britain (RCHM 1984). This is an enormous scholarly resource, listing in 1,383 entries details of every Roman kiln known
in Britain at the time, together with its known output; it still has no counterpart in other provinces. In the same year, the
RCRF met for the first time in Britain, at Oxford and London. Vivien attended that congress and joined the Fautores,
becoming a regular participant thereafter and herself organizing the next British congress, held at York and Newcastleupon-Tyne
in 1996.
The York congress was impeccably organized (as we might have expected) and marked for the RCRF a new departure,
inasmuch as each participant was issued with a congress handbook of 103 pages. This contained not only the programme and
basic instructions, but extended essays on the sites to be visited on the various excursions, and, for the first time, a list of
abstracts of the papers to be presented. This was also the first occasion (if my own memory serves me correctly) when posters
became part of the formal programme. The following note on one of the opening pages is very characteristic of Vivien’s
principles and her attention to detail:
“USED POSTAGE STAMPS: Fautores may be interested to know that all the foreign stamps on your envelopes
have been given to an international aid charity (Oxfam).”
III

Alongside the stress of organizing this congress, Vivien had to cope at the same time with the personal stress of an
imminent reorganization of the Royal Commission offices, and her potential transfer to Swindon, which she regarded with
horror. In the event, her decision to leave the Commission and to work as a freelance pottery specialist proved to be a
watershed. Discoveries in York had demonstrated the presence of potters working locally in a ceramic tradition whose
home was in Tunisia; this provided the theme for much of her future research, tracing the ethnicity of military forces in the
Roman Empire through their ceramic traditions and culinary practices. It is a commonplace of modern times that American
forces across the world cannot function without their burgers, and it is now recognized that Roman troops also took their
local traditions with them wherever they went.
Vivien’s horizons and experience, initially confined to Britain and its immediate neighbours, were widened by attendance
at the Timișoara (Romania) congress in 1994 and then by participation in the excavations of Andrew Poulter at Dichin
in Bulgaria from 1998 onwards. Not only did this draw her into wider fields of study, but it also placed her in contact with
a very much wider range of scholars, often working in environments very much less advantaged than her own. To these she
was unstintingly supportive and encouraging. Her dedication to the field of Roman pottery studies was expressed equally
effectively through the (British) Study Group for Roman Pottery, of which she was a founder member in 1971 and President
from 1985 to 1990; she was also for many years a co-convenor of the Roman Northern Frontiers Seminar, an important
forum in Britain for the discussion and dissemination of ideas. Within the RCRF, she served as a trustee of the UK-based
RCRF Trust, a separate entity set up to manage funds set aside for congress travel grants, from its inception in 1997 until
her death. Her wide knowledge of many applicants and their work was of great assistance to her fellow trustees. Vivien’s
contribution to Roman pottery studies was given public recognition in 2001 when she was awarded an honorary D. Litt. by
the University of Wales.
Vivien was found to have breast cancer in 1998, but made a very successful recovery following surgery: the experience
must have been gruelling, but there were too many things of greater importance to her (such as the Dichin project) for her
to become dominated by it. In the same way, she faced its return in 2007 with great fortitude. This time, it was clear that it
could not ultimately be overcome; there were, nonetheless, commitments to be met and projects and ideas to be put into
writing. Her determination to complete these and to continue to play as full a part as possible in Roman pottery studies
undoubtedly prolonged her life, and those who saw her at the Late Roman Coarse Ware congress in Parma and Pisa in the
spring of 2008, or at the RCRF congress in Cadiz in the autumn cannot have failed to be impressed by her.
Vivien was utterly rigorous in her own writing and was intolerant of what she saw as sloppy work (or personal sloppiness)
in others. Her opinions could be expressed with alarming vigour (which occasionally masked a lack of foundation),
but this did not prevent her from countless acts of generosity. Her two last papers on ethnicity and troop movements were
accepted, to her delight, for publication as a monograph in the JRA Supplementary Series.* Following Vivien’s death the
publisher, John Humphrey, has taken the opportunity of including in the volume both tributes to the author and a bibliography
of her published works: it stands as a fitting memorial to a remarkable intellect.
Philip Kenrick
* Vivien Swan†, Ethnicity, Conquest and Recruitment: Two Case Studies from the Northern Military Provinces. Journal of Roman Archaeology,
Supplementary Series no. 72 (Portsmouth, Rhode Island 2009).
*
The following paper, presented at Cadiz in September 2008 to mark the retirement of Colin Wells as the President of the
RCRF, has proved to be a more final valediction than we had anticipated. Professor Wells, who had enjoyed good health up
to that point, suffered a serious stroke while in Wales on 6 March 2010 and died in hospital on 11 March, without regaining
consciousness. With his passing we have lost a colleague of enormous erudition, which he wore lightly and with great
charm; he will be much missed.
IV

REI CRETARIÆ ROMANÆ FAVTORVM ACTA 41, 2010
FIFTY YEARS OF ROMAN POTTERY STUDIES
Colin M. Wells
FIFTY YEARS OF ROMAN POTTERY STUDIES
RCRF presidential address, Cadiz, September 2008
This conference in Cadiz marks the 50 th anniversary of the
publication of the inaugural volume of our Society’s Acta,
in which we published the papers given the previous year at
the very first meeting of the Society, held in Switzerland at
Baden and Vindonissa in September 1957. The second volume
published in 1959, comprised papers from the second
RCRF Congress held at Arezzo and Pompeii in 1958. Congresses
have since been held every other year, apart from
three-year gaps between numbers 3 and 4, from 1958 to 1961,
and 11 and 12, from 1977 and 1980. The Acta have for the
most part been linked to the Congresses (see table 1). I was
informally a pupil of the founders almost at the beginning
of the Society, I have now been President for the last six
years, and the end of this Congress marks the end of my
term of office. What follows is a personal retrospective of
the Fautores’ first fifty years.
The founders of the Society were Howard Comfort, sometime
President of the American Philological Association, who
spent his career teaching Classics and coaching cricket at
Haverford College, Pennsylvania, and Elisabeth Ettlinger, who
lived almost all her life in Zurich and taught at the University
of Bern. Both were great authorities on terra sigillata (TS).
Howard was the editor of the Oxé-Comfort Catalogue of TS
Stamps and author of many articles, and Elisabeth was responsible
for the TS from several sites along the Rhine. When
I first visited her house in Witikonerstrasse she had all the
Neuss pottery in boxes around the walls, and I remember a
fellow-archaeologist saying that every sherd unearthed at
Neuss came to the surface crying out, “Take me to Dr.
Ettlinger”. Physically they were a great contrast, Elisabeth
rather small and quick in her movements, Howard very tall
and spare, slow of speech and movement, who thee’d and
thou’d in Quaker fashion and looked very like a poster image
of Yankee Doodle.
Both were immensely kind to me when I was writing my
D.Phil. thesis for Oxford University in the early 60s and when
subsequently I was turning most of it into what became The
German Policy of Augustus (Oxford, 1972). I spent the summer
of 1963 travelling up the Rhine from Holland to Switzerland,
visting museums and excavations and ending up in
Munich, working in the Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichte,
and on the way my thesis supervisor, Prof. Sir Ian Richmond,
sent me to see Elisabeth for tutorials on Augustan TS.
The following year I returned to my position at the University
of Ottawa, where I taught for 27 years, and it was
Elisabeth who suggested that I make contact with Howard
Comfort, whom I recognised when we met by the (MCC)
cricket club tie he was wearing. The following summer I
drove down from Ottawa with my wife Kate and two children
to camp in the garden of the Comforts’ summer cottage
in Maine, until it rained so hard that the Comforts invited us
to move inside. Howard gave me good advice and free access
to the proofs of the precious catalogue, while his wife
showed my family the local sights. Both Elisabeth and
Howard were prodigal of their time and their knowledge.
Anything I have ever understood about TS I owe to their
initial stimulus.
Howard appears to have been the driving force behind the
first volume of the Acta, which was cyclostyled and printed at
the expense of Haverford College, with a preface in Howard’s
elegant Latin. The volume had only 37 pages and contained
four articles on individual sites (Magdalensberg, Sabratha,
Mittelbronn, and Arezzo), seven national or regional reports,
one article of just over a page in length on sigillata estampada
paleocristiana, and four brief notices of less than a page each.
The contributors included several of the leading pottery specialists
of the day, and the international character of the
Fautores was emphasised by the fact that six languages were
used, including Latin. It was a private publication: “hic noster
libellus non per librarios sed tantum inter socios nostros
divulgabitur”. It took the Ashmolean Library in Oxford six
years to acquire a copy, which bears the acquisition stamp
dated 6 May 1964.
Volume 2 followed in 1959 and was typeset but still somewhat
amateur in appearance and proof-reading. Another Latin
preface records the decision to meet every two or three years
in future rather than annually. It is followed by 15 further
articles, of which 9 deal with TS and thin-walled Aco-type
beakers, and there are 3 national bibliographies, a proposal
for standardising the reporting of pottery inventories, an article
by Graham Webster on Castor Ware, and the equivalent
of a Communicationes section, which records the death of
Felix Oswald at the age of 92. Of the five languages used
the most frequent is German, which was to remain the language
most used in Congresses and Acta for many years.
Volumes 3 through 8, which appeared from 1961 to 1966,
were all edited by Michel Vanderhoeven at Tongres (Tongeren),
and start to be strikingly more professional. None was specifically
linked to a given Congress, and conversely none of
the three Congresses that took place in these years, at
Klagenfurt in 1961, Strasbourg in 1963, and on Mallorca in
1965, had its own volume. Despite important articles in vol-
V

COLIN M. WELLS
ume 7 by Augusta Bruckner on cooking ware and Jean-Paul
Morel on Campanian, these volumes reflect the almost exclusive
preoccupation with TS, particularly in northwest
Europe, which was characteristic of the fledgling Society.
For instance, volume 4 (1962) was exclusively devoted to
TS, with important artcles by both Comfort and Ettlinger
on the stamps of the potter Ateius and his associates. Both
articles make good use of the Oxé-Comfort catalogue, without
which they could not have been written, and both are
concerned with where Ateius and his slaves and freedmen
actually worked, what Ettlinger calls “die Frage nach der
Zeit und der Art der Verteilung einiger Produkte aus den
Werkstätten des Ateius” (p. 27).
The Ettlinger article in particular highlights a question
that could not be answered until new evidence came to light,
the so-called “Ateius-Frage”. Oxé himself, she points out,
suggested that a large proportion of the Ateius ware found
north of the Alps came not from Italy but from provincial
centres of production “die entweder irgendwo in Gallien oder
sogar am Rhein hergestellt wurde”. But no such provincial
workshop had ever been found, whereas Ateius wasters and
stamps like those seen by the Fautores at Arezzo during their
1958 Congress left no doubt about the presence of Ateius
workshops there. The article is a model of clarity, with tables
and distribution maps, and Elisabeth’s German is mercifully
lucid and precise, easy even for a foreigner to understand,
as was her spoken German. The crucial discovery of
Ateius workshops at Lyon was still in the future and not to
be reported in the Acta until volume 13 (1971).
The link between Acta and Congresses was restored with
volumes 9 (1967) and 10 (1968), both devoted to the 6 th Congress,
held in Aquincum (Budapest) in 1967. The main focus
is still on TS and Aco-Beakers, although other topics do push
their way in. There are two articles on votive terracottas and
one on lamps, and articles on pottery production, on La Tène
influences on provincial Roman pottery, and on Roman influence
on early medieval pottery. Volume 11/12, the proceedings
of the Speyer Congress in 1969, contains nothing
but TS! It has 15 articles in 7 languages, including for the first
time Dutch. The Fautores are nothing if not international!
Volume 13 (1971), as already stated, carries the first mention
of the discovery in the late 60s of TS workshops at Lyon,
which amounted to a revolution in TS studies. As Hugues Vertet
reports, “nous sommes maintenant certains que l’on fabriquait
dans cette ville (sc. Lyon) des gobelets et de la sigillée lisse et
moulée dès l’époque de Tibère, sinon d’Auguste” (p. 92). Even
though the full implications have not yet been worked out,
the article breathes the excitement of the first discovery, “the
divine intoxication of the first league out from land”. Our
Honorary Member, Maurice Picon, in the next volume, 14/15
(1972/73), goes further. Speaking of “les productions de la
succursale lyonnaise d’ATEIVS” found on sites in eastern
Gaul and along the Rhine, whose manufacture at Lyon was
established by chemical analysis in Picon’s own laboratory,
he tentatively suggests, “elles pourraient même constituer le
groupe le plus important sur certains sites, comme celui de
Haltern” (p. 130), a conclusion revolutionary at the time but
now abundantly confirmed.
We do not hear a great deal more about the implications
of the Lyon discoveries in the Acta. Much of the discussion
that they stimulated appeared instead in local French journals,
in Figlina or elsewhere. TS in general however continued
to be well represented in the Acta, including in volume
16 (1976) an amusing palinode by Howard Comfort, retracting
false provenances that he had unwittingly promulgated
for TS from Lake Nemi and London: “Most of the evidence
hitherto accepted as having London … as provenance has,
as we say, a fishy smell” (p. 159).
Volume 17/18 (1977) was devoted to the 1975 Augst Congress,
which I remember for its magnificent TS display, and
included Siegmar von Schnurbein on pottery from the workshops
at Haltern, and my own paper on the dating of Augustan
TS, arguing that in the light of Lyon and other recent discoveries
we need “a radical reexamination of accepted concepts
and cherished terminology” (p. 132). I was in part recanting
my acceptance of attempts to date TS too precisely
in my book, The German Policy of Augustus (Oxford, 1972,
but essentially completed in 1969, before I knew about the
Lyon discoveries), though I was careful to say, “I still stand
by the main lines of my argument and the conclusions
reached” (p. 132, n.2). The book includes an appendix on
“The Dating Value of TS” that cost me a lot of pain. Has
anyone today ever read it?
On the way home from the Augst Congress, I called in at
Lyon to see for myself the finds from the Lyon workshops
at Loyasse and La Muette, and Jean Lasfargues at the Musée
de Civilisation Gallo-Romaine hospitably gave me the run
of the storerooms. Excited by what I saw, I phoned to
Elisabeth Ettlinger in Zurich that evening and said she must
come over right away, which she did, I think the next Sunday,
driven by her husband Leopold, and we spent several
hours together with Lasfargues in the unheated storeroom
(it was cold in mid-September). It had once been almost an
article of faith that Italian and Gaulish TS could always be
told apart just from looking at them. No longer! I vividly
remember Elisabeth picking up these Ateius and other sherds
made in Lyon and saying, wonderingly, “but you wouldn’t
know the difference, you just wouldn’t know the difference!”
Another personal recollection from the same year reflects
once again the predominance of TS and other fine wares,
not only in the Acta, but in the appoach of many pottery
specialists and dig directors. It was in 1976 that I began excavating
at Carthage as Director of the 2 nd Canadian Team
under the auspices of the UNESCO “Save Carthage” project,
in which nearly a dozen countries took part. On some sites,
not of course all, if pottery in those first years was considered
to have any importance at all, it was only fine wares
that were studied, while amphora sherds and the like went
straight onto the spoil heap. But it was Carthage that first
opened my own eyes to the interest, the importance, and the
potential of amphora studies. They have since come into
their own, but where in 1976 did one go for a basic guide to
Roman amphoras? Callender’s Roman Amphorae (London,
1965) was still in effect the last word.
The next two Congresses were held in notable centres of
TS production, so that it is not surprising if Acta 19/20
VI

FIFTY YEARS OF ROMAN POTTERY STUDIES
Table 1. Table of concordances between Acta volumes and congresses.
Volumes 3–8 are annual issues (1961–66) not specifically linked to a Congress. During these years however three Congresses were
held, but their proceedings were not separately published. These were nos. 3 (Klagenfurt, 1961), 4 (Strasbourg, 1963), and 5 (Mallorca,
1965). Volume 13 similarly is not linked to a specific Congress, whereas volume 14/15, although it does not say so, from internal
evidence clearly contains papers from the 1971 Congress at Nijmegen.
(1979), from the 11 th Congress at Metz and Nancy in 1977,
and 21/22 (1982), from the 12 th at Millau in 1980, still show
themselves predominantly interested in TS. The Congress
at Metz and Nancy, organised by Marcel Lutz, sticks in my
memory as being gastronomically the finest I ever attended.
Lutz had excellent local connections, and the local museums
and mayors excelled themselves in hospitality. Nowhere
else however have I seen so much ugly grotty pottery as the
local productions in the local museum storerooms. Even in
volume 23/24 (1984), from the 13 th Congress at Munich in
1982, 12 out of 15 articles are on TS, although Paul Bürgin
on “Figuli im römischen Recht” opens wider perspectives,
and in a sign of things to come Kevin Greene in “A spatial
analysis of pottery in the Neronian legionary fortress at Usk,
Gwent”, rather daringly admits to using a computer.
With volume 25/26, from the 14 th Congress, held in Oxford
and London in 1984 and organised by Grace Simpson
together with our incoming President, Philip Kenrick, the
tide begins to turn. Among its 34 articles are discussions of
amphoras and of bricks and tile, while a significant number
deal with distribution and trade, like Elisabeth Ettlinger asking
“How was Arretine Ware sold?” and Elizabeth Lyding
VII

COLIN M. WELLS
Will discussing amphoras as economic indicators, plus our
Honorary Member Anna Marguerite McCann in a 50-page
article on the significance of the port of Cosa, Philip Kenrick
on trade patterns at Berenice, Kathleen Slane on Italian TS
imports at Corinth and many others. This was a wholly laudable
attempt to set pottery studies in a much wider social
and economic context.
With the next three volumes of the Acta, however, we are
back to the predominance of TS: these are volumes 27/28
(1990), from the 15 th Congress at Worms in 1986, with our
Honorary Member Gerwulf Schneider reporting on the chemical
analysis of pottery from the middle Rhine; 29/30 (1991),
from the 16 th at Pleven; and 31/32 (1992), from the 17 th at
Pavia in 1990. Worms (1986) was the Congresses at which
the project of a new Conspectus of sigillata types was discussed,
Pavia (1990) where the resulting publication was unveiled.
For those of us who worked on it in the intervening
years, it was a wonderful collegial experience. Elisabeth was
our leader, Howard present on occasion in the background,
available for consultation. As for the Pavia Congress, the Acta
contain a substantial article by me on “Pottery manufacture
and military supply north of the Alps”, but I have no recollection
of the Congress and I am sure I have never even been to
Pavia! I assume that someone read it for me, as happened at
the Ephesus/Pergamum Congress, or that it was not actually
given at the Congress, but still included in the proceedings.
Henceforth TS is destined to play a lesser role in our proceedings.
The next Congress was the 18 th , at Szekesfehervar
in 1992, but the Acta were delayed and appeared as volume
34 (1995), while conversely volume 33 (1996) contained
the papers from the 19 th Congress at Timisoara. Volume 33
was the first produced by a new editor, Susanne Zabehlicky-
Scheffenegger, who continued in office until volume 39 and
achieved a professional standard for which we are all grateful.
The volumes took on the larger format with which we
are familiar. Volume 33 comprised 22 articles, of which 6
were on lamps, 1 on amphoras, and only 2 specifically on
TS. An innovation was the list of 15 papers given at the
Congress but for one or another reason not included in the
Acta. The main themes of the Congress are defined as provincial
centres of production, lamps, mortaria, and interdisciplinary
research on pottery. Volume 34, edited and published in
Hungary, devotes 16 out of 33 articles to lead-glazed wares and
only 6 to TS. An article by Vivien Swan deducing the presence
of soldiers from Africa in garrison with the legio VI victrix at
York in the early 3 rd century from the shape of their cooking
pots is a model of observation and deduction. As for TS, are its
problems thought to have been largely solved after nearly 40
years in the forefront of pottery research, or has a new generation
of Fautores simply broadened its interests?
Succeeding volumes from 35 onwards reinforce this new
pattern. Volume 35 for instance, from the 20 th Congress at
York and Newcastle, contains 35 articles divided into five
sections: pottery and the Roman army (9 articles), cooking
ware (8), pottery manufacturing sites (6), sigillata and fine
wares (8), and various (4). The first three of these were defined
as the principal themes of the Congress. There were
another 27 papers or poster sessions not published. The long
reign of TS appears to be over, and a detailed analysis of the
contents of the subsequent Acta would confirm it. Of particular
interest is the 21 st Congress at Ephesus and Pergamum,
the only one so far held outside Europe, which emphasised
the Eastern provinces and East-West exchanges, a
total of 39 articles, with a further 11 on the Danube and the
Balkans, whereas there were only 5 on Italian TS. I still
deeply regret having had to miss this Congress because it
clashed with my teaching duties in Texas. Fautores teaching
in North America, where the university year generally starts
in August or September, often have this problem.
Two years later, for the 22 nd Congress at Lyon, as one
might expect, the West comes back to prominence. A dozen
articles on Gaulish sites or productions include an invaluable
mise-au-point by Armand Desbat on the Lyon workshops,
culminating in a bibliography of 79 items. The 23 rd
Congress at Rome produced, naturally enough, 20 papers
on Rome and Italy. The 24 th at Namur and Louvain had as
its major theme Late Antiquity and the 25 th at Dürres the
pottery of the Via Egnatia. Dürres was notable for the magnificent
job of organisation that our Albanian colleagues did
in sometimes difficult circumstances, and for the number of
younger scholars participating.
It now seems to be accepted that an emphasis on the
pottery of the region where the Congress is being held is
natural and appropriate, and what is to be seen in local sites
and museums may suggest other specific themes, just as the
present Congress at Cadiz has for its main theme kiln sites
and pottery manufacture, a topic that, as far as my memory
goes, has not had much prominence since the 1977 Congress
at Metz and Nancy, when we visited Rheinzabern. The
next Congress will be in Belgrade, and provisional invitations
for subsequent years look like taking us to other countries
where we have never met before. We cannot however
go anywhere unless invited, and there is no immediate prospect
of meeting again outside Europe, where we have met
only once in a half century. It is particularly regrettable that
we have never met in North Africa, despite the role that that
area played in the ceramic history of the Roman Empire.
One would scarcely think that Africa produced any pottery,
to judge the pitiful scarcity of papers in the Acta on sites
and productions in Africa over the years.
VIII

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INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
Vorwort der Redaktion
XIII
Eastern provinces
Charikleia DIAMANTI
Stamped Late Roman/Proto-Byzantine Amphoras from Halasarna of Kos
Justin LEIDWANGER
Amphoras from an early imperial shipwreck at Fig Tree Bay, Cyprus. International imports and
local imitations
Archer MARTIN
Observations on Italian sigillata: Ephesos
Andrei OPAIŢ & Aris TSARAVOPOULOS
A Chiote pottery workshop of the Roman period
Christa SCHAUER
Early Byzantine pottery workshops in Olympia
1
9
17
23
29
The Balkans and the Danube region
Małgorzata DASZKIEWICZ, Eva BOBRYK, Gerwulf SCHNEIDER (with a contribution by Silviu RĂDAN)
Composition and technology of Lower Danube Kaolin Ware (LDKW). Examples from Novae, Bulgaria
37
Piroska HÁRSHEGYI
Amphorae from early Roman contexts. The case of Víziváros (Budapest, Hungary)
51
Eduard SHEHI
Kilns in Albania. An overview
Alka STARAC
The workshop of Laecanius at Fažana. Some recent testimonies
Péter VAMOS
Types of pottery kilns in Aquincum
55
61
67
Italy and Cisalpine Gaul
Margherita BERGAMINI (con il contributo di Paola COMODI)
Matrici e punzoni di Marcus Perennius Crescens a Scoppieto
Maria Laura CAFINI & Lucilla D’ALESSANDRO
Anfore adriatiche a Roma. Rinvenimenti dall’area del Nuovo Mercato Testaccio
Marta CASALINI & Milena CRESPI
Anfore tardoantiche di piccole dimensioni a fondo piatto dalle pendici nord-orientali del Palatino.
Nuovi dati alla luce di un riesame tipologico e petrografico
75
93
101
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Alba CASARAMONA, Sara COLANTONIO, Barbara ROSSI, Claudia TEMPESTA & Gloria ZANCHETTA
Anfore cretesi dallo scavo del Nuovo Mercato di Testaccio
Raffaela CASSANO & Maria D. DE FILIPPIS
Strutture artigianali e produzioni ceramiche ad Egnazia (BR, Italia)
Silvia CIPRIANO & Stefania MAZZOCCHIN
Un quartiere artigianale a Patavium. La fornace per la produzione di terra sigillata tardo-padana
Fulvio COLETTI & Elena Gabriella LORENZETTI
Anfore orientali a Roma. Nuovi dati dagli scavi della Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma
nell’area del Testaccio
Daniela COTTICA, Luana TONIOLO, Małgorzata DASZKIEWICZ & Gerwulf SCHNEIDER
Produzioni ceramiche pompeiane e vesuviane dai saggi 1980–81 presso il foro di Pompei: le forme
Helga DI GIUSEPPE
Produrre in villa. Complessi artigianali di epoca imperiale nella Lucania nord-orientale
Fabiana FABBRI
Some pottery productions from the kilns of Vingone in Scandicci (Florence/Italy)
Illuminata FAGA
Ceramica «a pareti sottili» della prima età imperiale dal porto di Neapolis.
Primi risultati dello studio crono-tipologico
Custode Silvio FIORIELLO & Annarosa MANGONE
Analisi archeometriche su lucerne fittili tardoantiche da Egnazia
Maria Paola LAVIZZARI PEDRAZZINI
L’angulus Venetorum e la produzione della terra sigillata norditalica decorata a matrice
Daniele MANACORDA
Il ‹misterio› MESCAE. Donne imprenditrici nell’Istria romana
Myles MCCALLUM & J. Theodore PEÑA
A reassessment of the two potteries at Pompeii: 1.20.2–3 and the Via Superior
Simonetta MENCHELLI, Roberto CABELLA, Claudio CAPELLI, Marinella PASQUINUCCI & Michele PIAZZA
Ceramiche comuni nel Piceno romano
Christiane DE MICHELI SCHULTHESS
La necropoli romana di Melano (Canton Ticino-Svizzera). Primi dati sulla ceramica e riflessione sulla
problematica dell’origine dei reperti
Natalia NICOLETTA
Scoppieto: una fornace temporanea all’aperto per la produzione di ceramica da fuoco (II–III sec. d. C.)
Gloria OLCESE
Immensa Aequora. Un atlante e un database delle fornaci e delle ceramiche dell’Italia centro meridionale
(Etruria, Lazio, Campania e Sicilia)
Elisa PANERO
I calices di Pollentia e l’individuazione delle fornaci pollentine. Una proposta di riconstruzione storica
Giulia PICCHI, Roberto CABELLA, Claudio CAPELLI, Silvia DUCCI, Simonetta MENCHELLI, Marinella PASQUINUCCI &
Michele PIAZZA
Attività manifatturiere nel retroterra di Portus Pisanus
Barbara PORCARI, Alessia CONTINO, Federica LUCCERINI, Valentina MASTRODONATO & Simona SCLOCCHI
Scarti di produzione di ceramica invetriata dallo scavo del Nuovo Mercato Testaccio a Roma
Gerwulf SCHNEIDER, Małgorzata DASZKIEWICZ & Daniela COTTICA
Pompeii as a pottery production centre. An archaeometric approach
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141
155
165
173
181
189
199
211
217
229
239
253
263
275
283
291
303
313
Africa
Michel BONIFAY, Claudio CAPELLI, Ali DRINE & Taher GHALIA
Les Productions d’Amphores Romaines sur le Littoral Tunesien. Archéologie et Archéometrie
Macarena BUSTAMANTE ÁLVAREZ
Corpvs Vasorvm Arretinorvm en el Círculo del Estrecho. El caso de la Mauretania Tingitana
319
329
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Silvia FORTI
Lucerne di probabile produzione tripolitana a Leptis Magna. Indizi e considerazioni preliminari
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Iberian Peninsula
Patricia BARGÃO
Monte Molião Cetariae (Lagos, Portugal)
Ana María GARCIA BARRACHINA, Manuel OLCINA DOMÉNECH & Julio Jesús RAMÓN SÁNCHEZ
Un nivel de amortización de una cloaca de Lucentum (Tossal de Manises, Alicante)
Francesca DIOSONO
La produzione della fornace del foro di Tiermes (Soria). Un esempio di romanizzazione
Adolfo FERNÁNDEZ FERNÁNDEZ
Resultados Preliminares del Estudio de la T. S. Focense (LRC) Aparecida en Vigo (Galiza, España)
Mª Isabel FERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA, Pablo RUIZ MONTES, Mª Victoria PEINADO ESPINOSA, Manuel MORENO ALCAIDE,
Begoña SERRANO ARNÁEZ, Rocio LÓPEZ HERNÁNDEZ, Mª Angustias JIMÉNEZ DE CISNEROS, Antonio RUIZ PARRONDO &
Manuel MORALES DE LA CRUZ
Figlina Isturgitana
Juan GALLARDO CARRILLO, José Ángel GONZÁLEZ BALLESTEROS, Francisco RAMOS MARTÍNEZ & Carlos María LÓPEZ MARTÍNEZ
Un alfar de época altoimperial en la ciudad de Lorca (Murcia, España)
Albert LÓPEZ MULLOR & Albert MARTÍN MENÉNDEZ
Un nuevo centro productor de ánforas tarraconenses, paredes finas y otras cerámicas en Can Rodon de l’Hort
(Cabrera de Mar, Barcelona)
Ester LÓPEZ ROSENDO
Los talleres alfareros del Jardín de Cano (El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz). La producción cerámica
des Gades en torno al cambio de era
Ana Patrícia MAGALHÃES
Late Hispanic Sigillata from Terronha de Pinhovelo (Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal)
José Antonio MÍNGUEZ MORALES
Las producciones de paredes finas del valle medio del Ebro (España)
Rui MORAIS
Estudio preliminar de la terra sigillata hispánica tardía de Bracara Augusta
Ana María NIVEAU DE VILLEDARY Y MARIÑAS
Pottery production at the service of the necropolis. On a suburban kiln in republican Gades (Cadiz, Spain)
Cristina NOVOA JÁUREGUI
Definición de contextos materiales en áreas alfareras. Prospección intensiva en el territorio de
Tritium Magallum (La Rioja, España)
Marta PREVOSTI MONCLÚS & Joan Francesc CLARIANA ROIG
Torre Llauder, figlina amphoralis
José Carlos QUARESMA
Une hypothèse d’importation de vaisselles d’ Henchir es-Srira et de Sidi Aïch au sein de la sigillée
africaine C à Chãos Salgados (Mirobriga), Portugal
Pablo RUIZ MONTES & Mª Victoria PEINADO ESPINOSA
Aportaciones al conocimiento técnico y tipológico de los hornos romanos en la provincia de
Jaén (España). El caso de Los Villares de Andújar
Antonio M. SÁEZ ROMERO
Tradizione fenicia versus Romanizzazione. Le anfore di Gadir/Gades in epoca ellenistica e i
suoi centri produttori
Elisa DE SOUSA
The use of “Kouass ware” during the Republican Period in the Algarve (Portugal)
Inês VAZ PINTO, Ana Patrícia MAGALHÃES & Patrícia BRUM
Ceramic assemblages from a fish-salting factory in Tróia (Portugal)
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397
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421
429
437
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473
481
491
497
509
523
529
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Transalpine Gaul and Germany
Xavier DERU & Gilles FRONTEAU
Les ateliers de potiers romains entre Seine et Rhin
Verena JAUCH
Ein Töpferofen aus dem römischen Vicus Vitudurum, Oberwinterthur, Schweiz
Marko KIESSEL
The Roman pottery centres of Urmitz and Mayen (District Mayen-Koblenz, Germany).
New archaeological and typological evidence for dating their production and the usage of their products
Fridolin REUTTI & Rüdiger SCHULZ
Brennöfen für Terra Sigillata in Rheinzabern. Befunde und Rekonstruktion
Robin P. SYMONDS
Poppy beakers in Alsace. Some points of interest in ceramics research in eastern and north-central France
Monika WEIDNER
The Roman pottery district in Trier. Remarkable findings from kiln No. 5
539
549
559
567
589
603
Miscellaneous
Silvia PALLECCHI
Le grandi manifatture di anfore tra tarda repubblica e impero
611
Verzeichnis der Autorinnen und Autoren
621
XII

VORWORT DER REDAKTION
Der 26. RCRF-Kongress fand vom 28. September bis zum 5. Oktober 2008 an der Universität von Cadíz statt.
Thema des Kongresses war: „WORKING WITH ROMAN KILNS – Conducting archaeological research in pottery production
centres“.
Von den anlässlich des Kongresses präsentierten Postern und Vorträgen wurden folgende nicht publiziert:
A. ARDEŢ/L. C. ARDEŢ Roman pottery from Tibiscum (Dacia)
A. AVANZINI Long distance trade. Roman amphorae from Sumhuram, a port at the Indian Ocean
D. BERNAL ET AL. Gades y la producción anfórica. El taller de la calle Solano (Cádiz)
D. BERNAL ET AL. Novedades de las alfarerías de Julia Traducta
T. BEZEZCKY Roman amphorae from Ephesus
D. BONDOC Roman painted pots from Dacia Inferior
O. BOUNEGRU Fours et aménagements des potiers dans les ateliers de Pergame-Vallée de Ketios
A. CATINA Les outils et les moules des ateliers céramiques de Potaissa
M. A. CAU ET AL. Late Roman Coarse Wares of Sardinia (Italy)
E. CONLIN HAYES ET AL. Alfarería y romanizacíonen la Turdetania antigua. El caso de Carmona
G. DANNELL/A. W. MEES Samian (Terra Sigillata) research databases
J. J. DÍAZ RODRIGUEZ Las figlinas en Híspania
P. DYCZEK On the “mysterious” Lower Danube Kaolin Wares (LDKW)
A. F. FERRANDES Roma e la sua ceramica alla conquista del Mediterraneo.
E. HASAKI Roman kilns in ancient Greece
E. ILLARREGUI Producciones de los talleres de la legio IIII Macedónica y de sus cuerpos auxiliares en los
campamentos de Herrera Pisuerga
J. ISTENIČ ET AL. Bricks and tiles from Poetovio: the fabrics
R. JÁRREGA DOMÍNGUEZ Figlina y producción de ánforas en los territoria de Tarraco y Dertosa
M. J. KLEIN Cerámica de paredes finas en la región de Mainz-Mogontiacum
VL. KOVACIC
Dressel 6B amphora production in Loron (Croatia)
J. LAGÓSTENA Iconografia cristiana en la cerámica bajoimperial de la provincia de Cádiz
T. LELEKOVIC Terra sigillata from the vicus of Ivandvor
G. LIPOVAC VRKLJAN A ceramic manufacture of Sextus Metilius Maximus
T. MARTIN Contribution à l’étude des styles décoratifs du potier Attilus de Montans
F. MASELLI/V. DEGRASSI Fornaci dell’agro orientale di Aquileia
F. MASELLI ET AL. Fornaci per la produzione di ceramica ad Aquileia e nel suo territorio
A. MATEI/R. GINDELE Roman pottery kilns from the area of Porolissum
L. MAZZEO/E. VECCHIETTI Impianti di produzione ceramica nelle Marche.
P. MONSIEUR The production of Lamboglia 2, Dressel 6 and Dressel 2–4 amphorae in the Lower Potenza
Valley (Marche, Italy)
I. OZANIC Thin walled pottery from Crikvenica-Igraliste
P. PETRIDIS Pottery and society at the ceramic production centre of late Roman Delphi
J. PRINCIPAL Tradiciones productivas de las cerámicas de mesa romanorrepublicanas
L. ROLDÁN ET AL. Nuevos datos sobre la producción anfórica tardopúnica de Carteia
V. RUSU BOLINDET A terra sigillata workshop from Roman Dacia-Micacasa
XIII

V. G. SWAN Tracing tripod-vessels across the northern provinces of the Empire
B. TEKKOK Pottery production at Troy during the late Hellenistic and Roman periods
J.-L. TILHARD
Les céramiques sigillées de l’atelier d’Espalion (Aveyron, France)
P. VENTURA/T. CIVIDINI L’impianto productivo di Ronchis di Latisana (Udine, Italia)
M. VOMER GOJKOVIC/I. ZIZEK Poetovio: the pottery production centre
Dafür wurde ein Artikel von V. JAUCH aufgenommen.
Bei der Korrektur und Durchsicht der Artikel stand mir das editorial committee zur Seite. Ganz besonders danke ich Philip
Kenrick und Simonetta Menchelli für die schnelle und zuverlässige Unterstützung und Claudia Nickel (ars) für die gute
und freundschaftliche Zusammenarbeit bei Satz und Layout.
Die Zitierweise wurde den Richtlinien der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
angeglichen (Ber. RGK 71, 1990, 973–998 und Ber. RGK 73, 1992, 478–540).
Susanne Biegert
XIV