1905-10 October Electrical Worker.pdf - International Brotherhood of ...

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6 THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. shows the rotation of the system against the bowl. The direction of the needle in the compass is given by its magnetic power. which sets it always in the direction of the magnetic pole, while in the gyroscope the system consists of a mechanism rapidly rotating on a horizontal axle, which is so fixed that it can turn in all directions. The axle of such a rotating mechanism has the tendency to retain its direction. When the binnacle is turned to a certain angle the rose will turn against the binnacle to the same :e. THE IMPROVED GVR OSCO PE angle, as it is fixed to the internal system. Therefore the rose will indicate, in degrees or lines, every change in the ship's course. From the above description the following differences in the working of the gyroscope and of the compass will be seen, which will allow a fair judgment of the practicability of the former to be made: I. The compass (the magnetic needle) is held in position by the magnetic power of the earth and is always returned to the same position if it has been disturbed. The gyroscope (the rotating mechanism) retains the position in which it is set with great tenacity. 2. For the reasons given in the above, the gyroscope, when it is turned from its original position, will tend to remain in the new position until it is effected by some other influence. In consequence of this errors CQu1d occur in the indications of the gyroscope after it had been in use sometime, so that it would require resetting in order to be of utility. On the other hand, the compass always retains the same position' and shows no error after long use. 3. In consequence of the earth revolutions the axle of. the gyroscope would gradually revolve, the rapidity of the movement being dependent upon the latitudinal position of the ship. ~he movement would amount to one degree in four minutes at the North Pole. In consequence of the rotundity of the earth ·-the gyroscope would turn slowly toward the course of the ship in accordance with the 10ngitudinaJ posItion. Latitude and longitude have no influence op the . compass. 4· As all modern vessels are built of iron and steel and contain unequally placed masses of that metal, the compass does not have the same position in the magnetic meridian in all courses, but shows more or less deviation. Even though this is avoided to a certain extent by compensation of the compass, experience shows that after long voyages or in consequence of violent shocks to the vessel, such as firing of a big gun or on account of the movement of large bodies of 'iron on board, such as the turrets; heavy guns, and cranes, this deviation is considerably increased. In consequence of this, when the ship alters its course a compass will not accurately show the change. The gyroscope, on the other hand, is not influenced by magnetic bodies, 5, In conseq,uence of the firm and solid ("0115truction of the gyroscope it is not influenced by shocks, as is the compass, As is well known. the latter becomes useless when great vibrations take place, as for instance on torpedo boats running on forced draft and on warships when firing.
THE 'ELECTRICAL .WORKER 7 , . i ( .' Comparisons 4 and 5 show advantages of the gyroscope over the compass, while comparisons I, 2 and 3 show its disadvantages. The characteristics of the gyroscope given in paragraph 3 gave rise to difficulties which were found to be almost impossible to surmount. Eventually, however, the inventor devised an ingenious. device, by .the appli~ation of which it was found possible to eliminate said disadvantages and to render the gyroscope reliable and fit for practical employment. '. In cons~quence of the character.istic of the gyroscope mentioned in paragraph I, it will show changes in ~he course accurately, but will not show the actual course. If it is desired to use the gyroscope~,for the purpose or holding to a certain 'course, it is necessary to ·set the rose o,r: the steering mark in a direction of the desir:ed course. In the old gyroscope, sho~n in figure I, the steering mark was a mov
Page 1 and 2: OCTOBER. 1905 ~~= ~~~w . Tt-I &: I
Page 3 and 4: ,- , . v THE ELECTRICAL WORKER I ~
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Page 7: ELECTRICAL WORKER OFFICIAL JOURNAL
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 61 'f I stree
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 6:~ 'I 'ADVIS
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. , CORNSTALKS
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. from the bat
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OLT THE E~EGTRICAL WORKER 69 CLASSI
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~ THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 71 , I " I
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER 75 1857 1904
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 77 FEDERAL T
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THE ELECTRICAL WORKER. 79 Cbr~~ fam
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J r All Copper Battery Switch In ou
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1905 October Index Acknowledgement
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